WO1991000135A1 - Membrane filtration apparatus - Google Patents

Membrane filtration apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1991000135A1
WO1991000135A1 PCT/GB1990/000944 GB9000944W WO9100135A1 WO 1991000135 A1 WO1991000135 A1 WO 1991000135A1 GB 9000944 W GB9000944 W GB 9000944W WO 9100135 A1 WO9100135 A1 WO 9100135A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
oscillator
flow
membrane
filter
membrane filter
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB1990/000944
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
John William Stairmand
Stephen Alan Taylor
Original Assignee
United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority filed Critical United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority
Publication of WO1991000135A1 publication Critical patent/WO1991000135A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
    • B01D61/14—Ultrafiltration; Microfiltration
    • B01D61/18—Apparatus therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
    • B01D29/88—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor having feed or discharge devices
    • B01D29/90—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor having feed or discharge devices for feeding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D35/00—Filtering devices having features not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00, or for applications not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00; Auxiliary devices for filtration; Filter housing constructions
    • B01D35/12—Devices for taking out of action one or more units of multi- unit filters, e.g. for regeneration
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D35/00—Filtering devices having features not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00, or for applications not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00; Auxiliary devices for filtration; Filter housing constructions
    • B01D35/20—Vibrating the filters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
    • B01D61/14—Ultrafiltration; Microfiltration
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D65/00—Accessories or auxiliary operations, in general, for separation processes or apparatus using semi-permeable membranes
    • B01D65/08—Prevention of membrane fouling or of concentration polarisation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2321/00—Details relating to membrane cleaning, regeneration, sterilization or to the prevention of fouling
    • B01D2321/20—By influencing the flow
    • B01D2321/2066—Pulsated flow

Definitions

  • the present invention concerns membrane filtration apparatus .
  • a membrane filter comprises a membrane-walled channel which serves to concentrate particulate solutions. Particle-free fluid can pass through the membrane wall to leave a particle-rich fluid in the channel.
  • the performance of a membrane filter can be enhanced by the application of pulsations or oscillations on to the feed stream.
  • a fluidic oscillator is a device which produces oscillations when it is energised by a flow of fluid.
  • a known form of fluidic oscillator is disclosed in British Patent Specification No. 1 ,453,587 and includes an interaction chamber, a main fluid nozzle in communication with the chamber, diverging side walls extending from the chamber leading to two separate outlets and continuous feedback loops from the diverging side walls to control nozzles at the interaction chamber. The feedback loops cause flow to switch from one side wall to the other and the frequency of switching varies with flow through the fluidic oscillator.
  • the feedback loops can be omitted and switching can be achieved by pulses applied to control ports at the interaction chamber.
  • the present invention utilises a fluidic oscillator for applying pulsating flow to a membrane filter.
  • membrane filtration apparatus comprises, in combination, a membrane filter and a fluidic oscillator in which oscillatory or pulsatory flow is obtained in the membrane filter by the action of the fluidic oscillator.
  • membrane filtration apparatus comprises a fluidic oscillator with a membrane filter in fluid communication with at least one outlet from the oscillator such that operation of the oscillator causes pulsatory flow in the or each filter associated with the oscillator.
  • a membrane filter can be connected to or communicate with each outlet from the oscillator.
  • a closed pressure vessel can communicate with one of the outlets with a membrane filter communicating with the other outlet from the oscillator.
  • one of the outlets can be connected back to a storage vessel from which a feed supply to the oscillator is taken with a membrane filter connected to the other outlet from the oscillator.
  • a fluidic oscillator 1 has a flow inlet 2 and diverging flow outlets 3 and 4.
  • Feedback loops 5 are provided from the diverging outlets 3 and 4.
  • the outlet 3 is connected to a gas-filled closed pressure vessel 6.
  • the outlet 4 is connected to membrane filter 7.
  • the oscillator comprises a Y-junction and the feedback loops 5 communicate with an interaction chamber formed at the junction of the inlet 2 with the two outlets 3 and 4.
  • the feedback loops 5 can be replaced by separate control ports communicating with the interaction chamber and through which control pressure pulses can be applied to effect switching of the flow between the outlets 3 and 4.
  • the outlet 3 can lead back to a supply tank for liquid to be filtered and the inlet 2 to the oscillator from the supply tank can include a pump.
  • a conventional jet-pump can be included in the return from the outlet 3 to the supply tank. Flow from the outlet 3 draws the jet-pump and the suction port of the jet-pump can be connected to the feed end of the membrane filter 7, that is the end of the filter whic-h is connected to the outlet 4 from the fluidic oscillator. Consequently, with flow in the return line to the supply tank some backward flow is drawn in at the jet-pump fron the membrane filter 7. This assists in pulsatory flow in the filter 7.
  • FIG. 2 shows a fluidic oscillator 8 and a pair of membrane filters 9, 10 connected one in each outlet from the oscillator. As flow switches between the outlets from the oscillator it is applied alternately to the filters 9 and 10. The filters as a result effectively receive a pulsating flow.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

A membrane filter comprises a membrane-walled channel through which a particle-free fluid can pass to leave a particle-rich fluid within the channel. The performance of such a filter is enhanced by pulsatory fluid flow in the channel. A fluidic oscillator is a fluidic device capable of producing pulsatory flow. A membrane filter (7) communicates with at least one of the outlets (3, 4) from a fluidic oscillator (1) such that in operation fluid flowing through the oscillator causes pulsatory flow in the filter.

Description

Membrane Filtration Apparatus
The present invention concerns membrane filtration apparatus .
A membrane filter comprises a membrane-walled channel which serves to concentrate particulate solutions. Particle-free fluid can pass through the membrane wall to leave a particle-rich fluid in the channel. The performance of a membrane filter can be enhanced by the application of pulsations or oscillations on to the feed stream.
A fluidic oscillator is a device which produces oscillations when it is energised by a flow of fluid. A known form of fluidic oscillator is disclosed in British Patent Specification No. 1 ,453,587 and includes an interaction chamber, a main fluid nozzle in communication with the chamber, diverging side walls extending from the chamber leading to two separate outlets and continuous feedback loops from the diverging side walls to control nozzles at the interaction chamber. The feedback loops cause flow to switch from one side wall to the other and the frequency of switching varies with flow through the fluidic oscillator.
In an alternative arrangement of fluidic oscillator the feedback loops can be omitted and switching can be achieved by pulses applied to control ports at the interaction chamber.
The present invention utilises a fluidic oscillator for applying pulsating flow to a membrane filter.
According to one aspect of the present invention membrane filtration apparatus comprises, in combination, a membrane filter and a fluidic oscillator in which oscillatory or pulsatory flow is obtained in the membrane filter by the action of the fluidic oscillator.
According to another aspect of the present invention membrane filtration apparatus comprises a fluidic oscillator with a membrane filter in fluid communication with at least one outlet from the oscillator such that operation of the oscillator causes pulsatory flow in the or each filter associated with the oscillator.
A membrane filter can be connected to or communicate with each outlet from the oscillator. Alternatively, a closed pressure vessel can communicate with one of the outlets with a membrane filter communicating with the other outlet from the oscillator.
Yet again one of the outlets can be connected back to a storage vessel from which a feed supply to the oscillator is taken with a membrane filter connected to the other outlet from the oscillator.
The invention can be practised in a number of different ways of which the following two are given by way of example only and are shown in the accompanying diagrammatic Figures 1 and 2 respectively.
In Figure 1 , a fluidic oscillator 1 has a flow inlet 2 and diverging flow outlets 3 and 4. Feedback loops 5 are provided from the diverging outlets 3 and 4. The outlet 3 is connected to a gas-filled closed pressure vessel 6. The outlet 4 is connected to membrane filter 7. Basically, the oscillator comprises a Y-junction and the feedback loops 5 communicate with an interaction chamber formed at the junction of the inlet 2 with the two outlets 3 and 4. In an alternative construction with the feedback loops 5 can be replaced by separate control ports communicating with the interaction chamber and through which control pressure pulses can be applied to effect switching of the flow between the outlets 3 and 4.
In operation, when flow at the inlet 2 is switched along outlet 3 to the vessel 6, the latter becomes pressurised. At this stage it is possible that some flow may also be entrained in a reverse direction in the outlet 4 thereby creating a reverse flow through the membrane filter 7. Upon switching of the fluidic oscillator 1 a flow passes along outlet 4 to the filter 7 entraining flow from the pressure vessel 6.
Repeated switching of the fluidic oscillator 1 creates a pulsatory flow in the membrane filter 7.
Instead of leading to the closed pressure vessl 6, the outlet 3 can lead back to a supply tank for liquid to be filtered and the inlet 2 to the oscillator from the supply tank can include a pump.
Additionally, a conventional jet-pump can be included in the return from the outlet 3 to the supply tank. Flow from the outlet 3 draws the jet-pump and the suction port of the jet-pump can be connected to the feed end of the membrane filter 7, that is the end of the filter whic-h is connected to the outlet 4 from the fluidic oscillator. Consequently, with flow in the return line to the supply tank some backward flow is drawn in at the jet-pump fron the membrane filter 7. This assists in pulsatory flow in the filter 7.
Figure 2 shows a fluidic oscillator 8 and a pair of membrane filters 9, 10 connected one in each outlet from the oscillator. As flow switches between the outlets from the oscillator it is applied alternately to the filters 9 and 10. The filters as a result effectively receive a pulsating flow.

Claims

C l aims
1. Membrane filtration apparatus comprising, in combination, a membrane filter (7) and a fluidic oscillator (1 ) in which oscillatory or pulsatory flow is obtained in the membrane filter (7) by the action of the fluidic oscillator (1).
2. Membrane filtration apparatus comprising a fluidic oscillator (1 ) with a membrane filter (7) in fluid communication with at least one outlet (4) from the oscillator (1 ) such that operation of the oscillator (1 ) causes pulsatory flow in the or each filter (7) associated with the oscillator (1 ).
3. Membrane filtration apparatus according to claim 2 comprising a membrane filter (9, 10) in fluid communication with each outlet (3, 4) from the oscillator (8).
4. Membrane filtration apparatus according to claim 2 comprising a closed pressure vessel (6) communicating with one of the outlets (3) with a membrane filter (7) communicating with the other outlet (4) from the fluidic oscillator ( 1 ) .
5. Membrane filtration apparatus according to claim 2 comprising a storage vessel for a feed supply to the oscillator communicating with one of the outlets (3) with a membrane filter (7) communicating with the other outlet (4) from the fluidic oscillator (1 ).
PCT/GB1990/000944 1989-06-24 1990-06-19 Membrane filtration apparatus WO1991000135A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB898914551A GB8914551D0 (en) 1989-06-24 1989-06-24 Ultrafiltration apparatus
GB8914551.0 1989-06-24

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1991000135A1 true WO1991000135A1 (en) 1991-01-10

Family

ID=10659011

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB1990/000944 WO1991000135A1 (en) 1989-06-24 1990-06-19 Membrane filtration apparatus

Country Status (3)

Country Link
GB (1) GB8914551D0 (en)
WO (1) WO1991000135A1 (en)
ZA (1) ZA904883B (en)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2672513A1 (en) * 1991-02-13 1992-08-14 Tech Sep IMPROVED METHOD AND MODULE FOR FILTRATION IN LIQUID MEDIUM UNDER INSTANTARY TANGENTIAL FLOW.
FR2785830A1 (en) * 1998-11-13 2000-05-19 Orelis METHOD AND DEVICE FOR CONTINUOUS FILTRATION IN A LIQUID MEDIUM AND USES THEREOF
WO2000074826A1 (en) * 1996-07-11 2000-12-14 Zenon Environmental, Inc. Apparatus and method for membrane filtration with enhanced net flux
ES2183744A1 (en) * 2001-08-17 2003-03-16 Thomassen Johannes Adria Filter device comprising semi-permeable membranes

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1262874A (en) * 1968-05-23 1972-02-09 Plessey Co Ltd Improvements in or relating to self cleaning filter systems
GB2168907A (en) * 1984-12-20 1986-07-02 British Petroleum Co Plc Filtration

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1262874A (en) * 1968-05-23 1972-02-09 Plessey Co Ltd Improvements in or relating to self cleaning filter systems
GB2168907A (en) * 1984-12-20 1986-07-02 British Petroleum Co Plc Filtration

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
Measurement and Control, Vol. 9, September 1976, (London, GB), G. ORLOFF: "A High-Frequency Reverse-Flow Fluidic Self-Cleaning Control Systems", pages 331-338, see figures 2-8; page 331, column 1, line 1 - page 332, column 1, line 26 *

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2672513A1 (en) * 1991-02-13 1992-08-14 Tech Sep IMPROVED METHOD AND MODULE FOR FILTRATION IN LIQUID MEDIUM UNDER INSTANTARY TANGENTIAL FLOW.
EP0499509A1 (en) * 1991-02-13 1992-08-19 Tech-Sep Improved process and apparatus for filtration in a tangential and unsteady liquid flow
US5240612A (en) * 1991-02-13 1993-08-31 Techsep Filtration of liquid media under conditions of non-steady tangential flow
WO2000074826A1 (en) * 1996-07-11 2000-12-14 Zenon Environmental, Inc. Apparatus and method for membrane filtration with enhanced net flux
FR2785830A1 (en) * 1998-11-13 2000-05-19 Orelis METHOD AND DEVICE FOR CONTINUOUS FILTRATION IN A LIQUID MEDIUM AND USES THEREOF
WO2000029100A1 (en) * 1998-11-13 2000-05-25 Orelis Method and device for continuous filtering in liquid medium and uses
ES2183744A1 (en) * 2001-08-17 2003-03-16 Thomassen Johannes Adria Filter device comprising semi-permeable membranes
WO2003078037A1 (en) * 2001-08-17 2003-09-25 Johannes Adrianus Thomassen Filter device comprising semi-permeable membranes

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB8914551D0 (en) 1989-08-16
ZA904883B (en) 1991-03-27

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