WO1990013717A1 - A method of manufacturing building elements, building element and mold herefor - Google Patents

A method of manufacturing building elements, building element and mold herefor Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1990013717A1
WO1990013717A1 PCT/SE1990/000304 SE9000304W WO9013717A1 WO 1990013717 A1 WO1990013717 A1 WO 1990013717A1 SE 9000304 W SE9000304 W SE 9000304W WO 9013717 A1 WO9013717 A1 WO 9013717A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
mold
battens
building
plates
elements
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/SE1990/000304
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Sven-Olof Konnberg
Original Assignee
Konnberg Sven Olof
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Konnberg Sven Olof filed Critical Konnberg Sven Olof
Publication of WO1990013717A1 publication Critical patent/WO1990013717A1/en

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B5/02—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units
    • E04B5/04—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units with beams or slabs of concrete or other stone-like material, e.g. asbestos cement
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B7/00—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
    • B28B7/0029—Moulds or moulding surfaces not covered by B28B7/0058 - B28B7/36 and B28B7/40 - B28B7/465, e.g. moulds assembled from several parts
    • B28B7/0035—Moulds characterised by the way in which the sidewalls of the mould and the moulded article move with respect to each other during demoulding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B7/00—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
    • B28B7/20—Moulds for making shaped articles with undercut recesses, e.g. dovetails
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/04—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres
    • E04C2/044—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres of concrete
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
    • E04C2/38—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure with attached ribs, flanges, or the like, e.g. framed panels
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
    • E04C2/38—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure with attached ribs, flanges, or the like, e.g. framed panels
    • E04C2/382—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure with attached ribs, flanges, or the like, e.g. framed panels with a frame of concrete or other stone-like substance

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method of manufacturing prefabricated building elements, according to the preamble of patent claim 1. Also, the present invention relates to building elements manufactured according to this method, according to the first device claim. Furthermore, the inven ⁇ tion relates to a mold, designed to manufacture prefabrica ⁇ ted building elements according to the invention. Beams and wall elements are, according to conventional building me ⁇ thods, molded separately and joined on the building site. It is true that this results in benefits as regards storage and transport, but as regards the strength of the building to be erected inconveniences and elevated costs are added for insulation and particularly mounting.
  • partition walls are al ⁇ most always added as a necessary stabilizing component in regularly occurring places, in which partition walls must be mounted in order to carry vertical and lateral forces.
  • partition walls often must be designed in advance and must not be removed or altered in any way.
  • Beams known in the art are often closed on its two sides, which means, that wire laying, sound-proofing and heat insu ⁇ lation cannot be provided for in such building elements in an integrated way.
  • the beams can have a pro ⁇ filed or open underside, which also means reduced possibili ⁇ ties as to wire laying, sound proofing and heat insulation. Furthermore, in such situations it may be difficult to mount a ceiling.
  • the object of the present invention is to improve, in the re ⁇ spects mentioned above, the conventional methods of manufac ⁇ ture prefabricated building elements and the conventional building elements themselves.
  • the principal object of the invention is to achieve an increased stability in a buil ⁇ ding, erected with prefabricated building elements, and yet an increased flexibility as far as the disposition of the spa ⁇ ces within the building goes.
  • the building elements are to be provided with conduits (cables) in a convenient way and with the required sound proofing and heat insulation.
  • Optional floors directly on said building elements are to be mounted in a convenient manner.
  • the building elements are to be molded in a limited area, various lengths and widths and hights re ⁇ spectively being selectable in the mold. Also, storage and transportation is tobe achieved in a space saving manner.
  • the assembly work on the building site is to be simplified and shortened considerably despite the attainment of an improved stability. Furthermore, the exactitude of the assembly work is to be improved quite considerably.
  • Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a portion of a building, comprising prefabricated building elements, drawn as an exp ⁇ loded view, depicting the design of the elements as well as the assembly, in accordance with the present invention
  • Fig. 2 a), b) and c) is a perspective view of a prefabricated building element according to the present invention, a) in its entirety, b) a portion of it magnified, and c) the joint area between adjacent building elements;
  • Fig. 3 is a portion of the element shown in Fig. 2 a), magni ⁇ fied;
  • Fig. A is a perspective exploded view of a modified prefabricated building element with separate wall elements
  • Fig. 5 is a preferred embodiment of a detail of a mold accor ⁇ ding to the invention.
  • Fig. 6 is a perspective view of the part shown in Fig. 5, the lateral covers being fully lowered;
  • Fig. 7 is an alternative embodiment as compared to Fig, 5;
  • Fig. 8 is an additional alternative embodiment, as compared to the embodiment shown in Fig. 5.
  • FIG. 1 a vertical portion 1 of a building, assembled., by means of building elements 2-4 according to the present in ⁇ vention, is shown.
  • Building element 2 is a base element, de ⁇ signed e.g. for a basement, and comprises a bottom slab 5 ha ⁇ ving a flat cast-solid upper surface 6 and downwardly turned battens 7, disposed in the longitudinal direction of the ele ⁇ ment and with through holes (not shown) between them in the longitudinal direction, the battens being designed to be sup ⁇ ported preferably on transverse floors,- molded in the ground, or pieces of pretensioned '.-concrete (not shown).
  • building element 2 The two gable ends or narrow sides of building element 2 are connected to building elements 8, which are molded integrally with the bottom slab and may have holes 9 for e.g. windows and doors respectively.
  • the wall elements suitably end up ⁇ wardly with cantilever skirtings 10, designed e.g. for laying facing bricks.
  • pegs 11 can be inserted with matching holes 12 in an adjacent floor element 3, which can be positioned on building element 2 and comprises beams 13 ha ⁇ ving a flat cast-solid underside 14 and upwardly turned bat ⁇ tens 15, which are disposed in the longitudinal direction of the element and have through holes 19 therebetween in the lon ⁇ gitudinal direction, in which the required wire laying can be accomplished and which can also include the required sound proofing and/or heat insulation materials.
  • a floor having an optional design can be directly placed on battens 15.
  • the two gable ends or narrow sides of floor element 3 are also connected to wall elements 16, which are integrally mol ⁇ ded with beams 13 and which can be provided with holes 17, 18 for e.g. windows and doors respectively.
  • Pegs 11 are inserted into the upper free ends of the wall elements with matching holes 12 in an adjacent floor element 3, which can be positio ⁇ ned on this floor element 3, or holes 20 in a roof element 4, which terminates the building upwardly and can be plane having battens 21, which turn upv/ardly and extend in the longitudinal direction of the element and have through holes 22 therebet ⁇ ween in the longitudinal direction of the element, and on which a roof truss can be erected or another optionally de ⁇ signed roof construction (not shown).
  • Building elements 2 , 3 can have a length of e.g. 3-20 m, a width of 0.5-6 m and a height of 2-5 m. In a practical embodi ⁇ ment the length is about 8 m, the width is 3m and the height 2,5 m. This means that two such elements conveniently, simply and quickly can be hauled on e.g. a truck with a trailer. Since the elements are homogenous, only one hoisting crane and no special stayings etc. are needed.
  • the length of the building elements is the same as the width of the building to be erected. In the longitudinal direction of the building an optional amount of building element combi ⁇ nations according to e.g. Fig. 1 can be arranged in series, until the required length has been attained.
  • FIG. 2 b) and c A preferred me ⁇ thod of joining in the longitudinal direction is shown in Fig. 2 b) and c).
  • the vertical sides of the wall elements are pro ⁇ vided with a through central recess 23 having an inwardly tra- pezoidally tapering cross-section and laterally disposed limi ⁇ ting edges 24.
  • the recess contains U-shaped loops 25, which project in a horizontal direction beyond the plane of said limiting edges and are disposed at regular intervals.
  • the projecting loop portions of adjacent wall elements overlap each other and in this way a common, vertical through all around closed zone is obtained, in which a so called reinforcement bar, designed to mutually lock two adjacent wall elements, can be inserted.
  • partition walls In this way a building can be erected, which has no partition walls at all, since they are not needed for stabilization or staying purposes. This means that when partition walls are mounted, they can be placed in an optional way, when the buil ⁇ ding is erected or subsequent to its erection. Consequently, the construction of the partition walls can be arbitrary.
  • the open gable sides of the building can be closed by means of conventional plates or panes (not shown), which are dis ⁇ posed above each other and can be attached to the wall ele ⁇ ments preferably in the fashion shown in Fig. 2 b) and c).
  • Fig. 2 a a preferred embodiment of beams 13 of a floor element and beams 27 of a roof element 4 respectively is shown, and in the end areas of the battens there are a plurality of transverse through holes 28, which suitably are coaxial in lines for all the battens to allow transverse wires to be laid without any problems. Between said end areas there are a plurality of bridge portions 29 disposed at regular inter ⁇ vals, which fill and span the distance between the through cast-solid beams and flanges 30 of battens 15 and 21 respec ⁇ tively, which corbell in opposite directions, shown in more detail in Fig. 3.
  • the two outermost battens are preferably halved, and thus mutually adjacent batten halves supplement each other to a full batten.
  • the dividing sides of the outer ⁇ most battens which incline somewhat, can be provided with locking grooves 31 and welding plates for welding of wedges, which actually are already known.
  • Fig. 7 parts of a mold 33 according to the invention are evident, namely a plane bottom portion 34, which laterally is limit by conventionally designed wall parts incl. such to form connectin wall elements. These lateral mold parts are not shown.
  • the top por tion 36 of the mold comprises parts, which are described below.
  • Fig. 5 shows that battens 15,21 essentially are I-shaped and are slightly trapezoidally shaped to allow an easy mold re ⁇ lease.
  • the forming of web 37 and bridge portions 29 is done by means of movable lateral forming covers 38, which according to Figs. 4 and 6 are articulately attached to the respective longitudinal edge of a medium plate 39, which extends between adjacent battens.
  • a lateral cover 38 is disposed, which through stopping edges 40 and 41 contacts an upper plate 42 and connecting iron strips 43 respectively in a molding position.
  • Upper plates 42 are carried by said con ⁇ necting iron strips 43, which in their turn are carried by said medium plates 39.
  • the connecting iron strips constitute the back of the exterior side of the bridge portions and cons ⁇ titute stop means for stopping edges 41, while stopping edges 40 are designed to, in a molding position, contact the longi- tudinal edges of upper plates 42.
  • all the lateral covers have been lowered and the entire upper portion 36 can be removed.
  • All the plates can be designed split according to the modular principle and con ⁇ sequently the mold can easily and simply obtain the required length. It is shown in Fig. 6, that the bridge portions are trapetzoidal in a cross-section.
  • Fig. 7 is shown an alternative embodiment with an improved cover mobility, by means of a swinging axle 44, which can be attached to the connecting iron strips or possibly to plates 39 and 42 respectively.
  • Fig. 8 a roller bearing 45 for the lateral covers, the covers being disposed on wagons 46, the rollers 45 of which are guided by means of upper and lower profiles 47 and 48 re ⁇ spectively.
  • the wagons suitably are driven hydraulicly.
  • Pro ⁇ files 47 are fastened to upper plates 42, and profiles 48 are fastene to medium plates 39.
  • the lateral covers are of course provided with mutually con ⁇ vergent narrow sides and in this way the bridge portions will taper outwardly in their profiles and consequently will be com ⁇ paratively insensitive to damage as well as will constitute an even better support for flanges 30.
  • the connecting iron strips have several functions, namely partly to carry upper plates 42 and to connect the same to the medium plates and the mold for the rest, partly to constitute stopping or stop means for edges 41 of the lateral covers, partly to constitute the back of the bridge portions and partly also to serve as joint means in a place, which is rather insensitive as far as the molded product goes, the mold joint not allowing e.g. fractual impres ⁇ sions or similar weakenings.
  • the connecting iron strips, the upper plates and the medium plates can, all of them or par ⁇ tially, be provided with projecting flanges, e.g.
  • the projecting flange advan ⁇ tageously can be provided with e.g. screw-nut-joints or simi ⁇ lar connecting means.
  • screw-nut-joints or simi ⁇ lar connecting means e.g. screw-nut-joints or simi ⁇ lar connecting means.
  • a modifiedembodiment of a prefabricated building ele ⁇ ment 50 is shown incorporating a base slab 51, along the head ends of which extend upwardly open notches 52,53 which are slightly trapezoidal in cross-section.
  • the upper surface of the ledge bet ⁇ ween notch and head end is provided on a lower level.
  • the said notches are provided to receive the lower comensurate end 56 of wall elements 54 and 55, respectively.
  • These wall elements are provided with welding plates 57 co-operating with welding plates 62 on the base slab, to matching pairs of which metall plates are to be welded.
  • Said elements are also provided with cavities 58, into which threaded bolts 59 extend from the base slab and are fixedly secured there by means of nuts 60.
  • the one wall element or both may be furnished with an insulating layer 63 and an outer cover layer 61 of any kind.
  • the base slab may have a design as shown in the other figures and is drawn up here in a schematic way only.
  • Such a building element is particularly suitable for larger buildings, as the wall elements may be mounte on location.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Moulds, Cores, Or Mandrels (AREA)
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Abstract

A method of manufacturing prefabricated building elements, which comprise a through cast-solid bottom plate (13, 27) and battens (15, 21) having an I- or T-profile projecting from the bottom plate. According to the invention an upper mold portion is applied, comprising an upper plate (42), connecting plates (43) and medium plates (39) having movable lateral covers (38), in order to form profile holes, the connecting plates constituting supporting means for the upper plates, stop means for the molding position of the lateral covers and mold portions for the batten profile holes, with filling bridge portions (29) at regular intervals, the lateral covers being movably, i.e. foldably or revolvingly or displaceably mounted on one or several of said plate types.

Description

A Rf-hnH nf Manufacturing Building Elements, Building Element and Mold herefor.
The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing prefabricated building elements, according to the preamble of patent claim 1. Also, the present invention relates to building elements manufactured according to this method, according to the first device claim. Furthermore, the inven¬ tion relates to a mold, designed to manufacture prefabrica¬ ted building elements according to the invention. Beams and wall elements are, according to conventional building me¬ thods, molded separately and joined on the building site. It is true that this results in benefits as regards storage and transport, but as regards the strength of the building to be erected inconveniences and elevated costs are added for insulation and particularly mounting. In conventional buildings, erected in this manner, partition walls are al¬ most always added as a necessary stabilizing component in regularly occurring places, in which partition walls must be mounted in order to carry vertical and lateral forces. These partition walls often must be designed in advance and must not be removed or altered in any way.
Beams known in the art are often closed on its two sides, which means, that wire laying, sound-proofing and heat insu¬ lation cannot be provided for in such building elements in an integrated way. Alternatively, the beams can have a pro¬ filed or open underside, which also means reduced possibili¬ ties as to wire laying, sound proofing and heat insulation. Furthermore, in such situations it may be difficult to mount a ceiling.
Finally, all the various prefabricated building elements, mounted in a conventional building, require a large molding area, which means large capacity limitations for a concrete- producing plant. The object of the present invention is to improve, in the re¬ spects mentioned above, the conventional methods of manufac¬ ture prefabricated building elements and the conventional building elements themselves. Thus, the principal object of the invention is to achieve an increased stability in a buil¬ ding, erected with prefabricated building elements, and yet an increased flexibility as far as the disposition of the spa¬ ces within the building goes. The building elements are to be provided with conduits (cables) in a convenient way and with the required sound proofing and heat insulation. Optional floors directly on said building elements are to be mounted in a convenient manner. The building elements are to be molded in a limited area, various lengths and widths and hights re¬ spectively being selectable in the mold. Also, storage and transportation is tobe achieved in a space saving manner. The assembly work on the building site is to be simplified and shortened considerably despite the attainment of an improved stability. Furthermore, the exactitude of the assembly work is to be improved quite considerably.
These objects are attained through a method of manufacturing prefabricated building elements of the type described above, which method mainly is performed in accordance with the pre¬ sent invention, as set forth in the characterizing clause of patent claim 1. Applicable portions of the objects above are also attained according to the invention through characteri¬ zing features set forth in the first device claim and in the first patent claim regarding the mold, as far as the essence of the inventive concept goes.
Additional characterizing features and advantages of the pre¬ sent invention are set forth in the following description, reference being made to the accompanying drawings, whichmore in detail but also partially schematically illustrate pre¬ ferred but not limiting embodiments of molds and building elements according to the invention:
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a portion of a building, comprising prefabricated building elements, drawn as an exp¬ loded view, depicting the design of the elements as well as the assembly, in accordance with the present invention; Fig. 2 a), b) and c) is a perspective view of a prefabricated building element according to the present invention, a) in its entirety, b) a portion of it magnified, and c) the joint area between adjacent building elements;
Fig. 3 is a portion of the element shown in Fig. 2 a), magni¬ fied;
Fig. A is a perspective exploded view of a modified prefabricated building element with separate wall elements;
Fig. 5 is a preferred embodiment of a detail of a mold accor¬ ding to the invention;
Fig. 6 is a perspective view of the part shown in Fig. 5, the lateral covers being fully lowered;
Fig. 7 is an alternative embodiment as compared to Fig, 5; and
Fig. 8 is an additional alternative embodiment, as compared to the embodiment shown in Fig. 5.
In Fig. 1 a vertical portion 1 of a building, assembled., by means of building elements 2-4 according to the present in¬ vention, is shown. Building element 2 is a base element, de¬ signed e.g. for a basement, and comprises a bottom slab 5 ha¬ ving a flat cast-solid upper surface 6 and downwardly turned battens 7, disposed in the longitudinal direction of the ele¬ ment and with through holes (not shown) between them in the longitudinal direction, the battens being designed to be sup¬ ported preferably on transverse floors,- molded in the ground, or pieces of pretensioned '.-concrete (not shown).
The two gable ends or narrow sides of building element 2 are connected to building elements 8, which are molded integrally with the bottom slab and may have holes 9 for e.g. windows and doors respectively. The wall elements suitably end up¬ wardly with cantilever skirtings 10, designed e.g. for laying facing bricks. In the.skirtings pegs 11 can be inserted with matching holes 12 in an adjacent floor element 3, which can be positioned on building element 2 and comprises beams 13 ha¬ ving a flat cast-solid underside 14 and upwardly turned bat¬ tens 15, which are disposed in the longitudinal direction of the element and have through holes 19 therebetween in the lon¬ gitudinal direction, in which the required wire laying can be accomplished and which can also include the required sound proofing and/or heat insulation materials. A floor having an optional design (not shown) can be directly placed on battens 15. The two gable ends or narrow sides of floor element 3 are also connected to wall elements 16, which are integrally mol¬ ded with beams 13 and which can be provided with holes 17, 18 for e.g. windows and doors respectively. Pegs 11 are inserted into the upper free ends of the wall elements with matching holes 12 in an adjacent floor element 3, which can be positio¬ ned on this floor element 3, or holes 20 in a roof element 4, which terminates the building upwardly and can be plane having battens 21, which turn upv/ardly and extend in the longitudinal direction of the element and have through holes 22 therebet¬ ween in the longitudinal direction of the element, and on which a roof truss can be erected or another optionally de¬ signed roof construction (not shown).
Building elements 2 , 3 can have a length of e.g. 3-20 m, a width of 0.5-6 m and a height of 2-5 m. In a practical embodi¬ ment the length is about 8 m, the width is 3m and the height 2,5 m. This means that two such elements conveniently, simply and quickly can be hauled on e.g. a truck with a trailer. Since the elements are homogenous, only one hoisting crane and no special stayings etc. are needed. The length of the building elements is the same as the width of the building to be erected. In the longitudinal direction of the building an optional amount of building element combi¬ nations according to e.g. Fig. 1 can be arranged in series, until the required length has been attained. A preferred me¬ thod of joining in the longitudinal direction is shown in Fig. 2 b) and c). The vertical sides of the wall elements are pro¬ vided with a through central recess 23 having an inwardly tra- pezoidally tapering cross-section and laterally disposed limi¬ ting edges 24. The recess contains U-shaped loops 25, which project in a horizontal direction beyond the plane of said limiting edges and are disposed at regular intervals. Accor¬ ding to Fig. 2 c) the projecting loop portions of adjacent wall elements overlap each other and in this way a common, vertical through all around closed zone is obtained, in which a so called reinforcement bar, designed to mutually lock two adjacent wall elements, can be inserted.
In this way a building can be erected, which has no partition walls at all, since they are not needed for stabilization or staying purposes. This means that when partition walls are mounted, they can be placed in an optional way, when the buil¬ ding is erected or subsequent to its erection. Consequently, the construction of the partition walls can be arbitrary.
The open gable sides of the building can be closed by means of conventional plates or panes (not shown), which are dis¬ posed above each other and can be attached to the wall ele¬ ments preferably in the fashion shown in Fig. 2 b) and c).
In Fig. 2 a) a preferred embodiment of beams 13 of a floor element and beams 27 of a roof element 4 respectively is shown, and in the end areas of the battens there are a plurality of transverse through holes 28, which suitably are coaxial in lines for all the battens to allow transverse wires to be laid without any problems. Between said end areas there are a plurality of bridge portions 29 disposed at regular inter¬ vals, which fill and span the distance between the through cast-solid beams and flanges 30 of battens 15 and 21 respec¬ tively, which corbell in opposite directions, shown in more detail in Fig. 3. The two outermost battens are preferably halved, and thus mutually adjacent batten halves supplement each other to a full batten. The dividing sides of the outer¬ most battens, which incline somewhat, can be provided with locking grooves 31 and welding plates for welding of wedges, which actually are already known.
From e.g. Fig. 7 parts of a mold 33 according to the invention are evident, namely a plane bottom portion 34, which laterally is limit by conventionally designed wall parts incl. such to form connectin wall elements. These lateral mold parts are not shown. The top por tion 36 of the mold comprises parts, which are described below.
Fig. 5 shows that battens 15,21 essentially are I-shaped and are slightly trapezoidally shaped to allow an easy mold re¬ lease. The forming of web 37 and bridge portions 29 is done by means of movable lateral forming covers 38, which according to Figs. 4 and 6 are articulately attached to the respective longitudinal edge of a medium plate 39, which extends between adjacent battens. Between each pair of adjacent bridge por¬ tions 29 on the same side of a batten a lateral cover 38 is disposed, which through stopping edges 40 and 41 contacts an upper plate 42 and connecting iron strips 43 respectively in a molding position. Upper plates 42 are carried by said con¬ necting iron strips 43, which in their turn are carried by said medium plates 39. Thus, the connecting iron strips constitute the back of the exterior side of the bridge portions and cons¬ titute stop means for stopping edges 41, while stopping edges 40 are designed to, in a molding position, contact the longi- tudinal edges of upper plates 42. In the release position shown in Fig. 6 all the lateral covers have been lowered and the entire upper portion 36 can be removed. All the plates can be designed split according to the modular principle and con¬ sequently the mold can easily and simply obtain the required length. It is shown in Fig. 6, that the bridge portions are trapetzoidal in a cross-section.
In Fig. 7 is shown an alternative embodiment with an improved cover mobility, by means of a swinging axle 44, which can be attached to the connecting iron strips or possibly to plates 39 and 42 respectively.
In Fig. 8 is shown a roller bearing 45 for the lateral covers, the covers being disposed on wagons 46, the rollers 45 of which are guided by means of upper and lower profiles 47 and 48 re¬ spectively. The wagons suitably are driven hydraulicly. Pro¬ files 47 are fastened to upper plates 42, and profiles 48 are fastene to medium plates 39.
The lateral covers are of course provided with mutually con¬ vergent narrow sides and in this way the bridge portions will taper outwardly in their profiles and consequently will be com¬ paratively insensitive to damage as well as will constitute an even better support for flanges 30.
Also, it should be pointed out, that the connecting iron strips have several functions, namely partly to carry upper plates 42 and to connect the same to the medium plates and the mold for the rest, partly to constitute stopping or stop means for edges 41 of the lateral covers, partly to constitute the back of the bridge portions and partly also to serve as joint means in a place, which is rather insensitive as far as the molded product goes, the mold joint not allowing e.g. fractual impres¬ sions or similar weakenings. The connecting iron strips, the upper plates and the medium plates can, all of them or par¬ tially, be provided with projecting flanges, e.g. of the type which is used on L-profiles, and the projecting flange advan¬ tageously can be provided with e.g. screw-nut-joints or simi¬ lar connecting means. In case the mold is to be extended and shortened respectively, one series and two series respectively of such joints are simply loosened and adjustment portions having the desired length are inserted and removed respecti¬ vely.
In Fig. 4, a modifiedembodiment of a prefabricated building ele¬ ment 50 is shown incorporating a base slab 51, along the head ends of which extend upwardly open notches 52,53 which are slightly trapezoidal in cross-section. The upper surface of the ledge bet¬ ween notch and head end is provided on a lower level. The said notches are provided to receive the lower comensurate end 56 of wall elements 54 and 55, respectively. These wall elements are provided with welding plates 57 co-operating with welding plates 62 on the base slab, to matching pairs of which metall plates are to be welded. Said elements are also provided with cavities 58, into which threaded bolts 59 extend from the base slab and are fixedly secured there by means of nuts 60. The one wall element or both may be furnished with an insulating layer 63 and an outer cover layer 61 of any kind. In other respects, the base slab may have a design as shown in the other figures and is drawn up here in a schematic way only. Such a building element is particularly suitable for larger buildings, as the wall elements may be mounte on location.
The present invention is not limited to the embodiment illust¬ rated above and in the accompanying drawings but can be modi¬ fied and supplemented in an arbitrary manner within the scope- of protection of the inventive idea and the following patent claims.

Claims

Patent claims
1. A method of manufacturing prefabricated building elements (2,3,4), in which on the bottom portion (34) of a mold (33) the remaining mold portions (35,36) are positioned and the mold is filled with preferably reinforced concrete and vibra¬ ted as well as left to stand, until the concrete has har¬ dened, subsequent to which the mold is entirely or partially disassembled, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that through the method mainly I- or T-shaped battens (15,21)are produced at regular intervals, arranged on a through cast-solid bottom plate (14,27), during the molding lateral covers (38), movab- ly attached to said mold, being introduced in order to form the profile.holes of said battens, which lateral covers are removed from the holes, formed in this way, when the concrete has set and the upper portion (36) of the mold has been re¬ moved.
2. Prefabricated building element manufactured in accordance with the method according to claim 1, comprising a through cast- solid bottom or top plate (14, 27), which is reinforced by upper and/or lower batten^ (15, 21), c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n t h a t said battens are mainly I- or T-shaped in cross-section and are a ho genious part of the building element.
3. Building element according to claim 2, c h a r a c t e¬ r i z e d i n t h a t in the end areas of the battens (15,21 there are a plurality of transverse through holes (28), which suitably are coaxial for all the battens of such a building ele¬ ment for housing piping, wires and the like, a n d / o r that each batten shows bridge portions (29) intersecting the lateral cavities of the battens.
4. Building element according to claim 2 or 3, c h a r a c t e¬ r i z e d i n t h a t the outermost battens (15, 21) of each building element are split and are provided with longitudinal locking grooves (31) and/or welding plates (32) for becoming firmly secured to an adjacent building element.
5. Building element according to any of claims 2 - 4, c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n t h a t the sides of each element have a through central recess (23) with an inwardly tapering cross-sectio and laterally disposed edges (24), said recess containing U-shape loops (25) projecting horzontally beyond the plane of said edges at regular intervals, the so projecting loop portions of adjacent elements being provided to overlap each other for accomodating a common reinforcement bar (26) designed to interlock the adjacent elements.
6. Building element according to any of claims 2 - 5, c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n t h a t at least an element primarily inte ded to serve as a base element (2) is furnished with upper and ou cantilever skirtings (10) at the free ends of the wall elements
(8, 16), and/or that from the upper free end surfaces of each wal element extend upwards skirting pegs (11) provided to be inserted into matching holes (12) in an adjacent element.
7. Building element according to any of claims 2 - 6, c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n t h a t the element (50) is furnished with separate wall elements (54, 55) provided with recessed and prefer ly slightly tapering lower end portions (56) to be inserted into matching grooves (52, 53) in the end portions of a base slab (51) welding plates (57, 62) and/or threaded bolts (59) with nuts (60) being provided .to interlock said base slab and said wall elements
8. A mold for manufacturing building elements in accordance wit any of the preceding claims, c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n t h a t it comprises a plane bottom portion (34), which is pro vided to be surrounded laterally by mold parts as known per se and to co-operate with a top portion (36) designed to limit the said bottom portion upwards and to form battens (15, 21) cohere therewith, said top portion (36) comprising intermediate plates (39) provided between adjacent battens and carrying strips (43) to support upper plates (42) provided to form outer flanges (30) of said battens, which strips are provided to shield and form bridge portions (29) of each batten and to act as stop means fo lateral mold covers (38), which are articulated with said inter mediate plates and intended to be moved between a working posit abutting the said strips and/or upper plates and a release posi tion spaced therefrom.
9. A mold according to claim 8, c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n t h a t the mold covers are provided pivotable or slidable or turnable to be become engaged and disengaged with the said strip (43) and or upper plates (42), and that in case of pivotable cov there are preferably stopping edges (40) for acting upon the sai strips and upper plates.
PCT/SE1990/000304 1989-05-10 1990-05-09 A method of manufacturing building elements, building element and mold herefor WO1990013717A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE8901677A SE463571B (en) 1989-05-10 1989-05-10 SET AND CASTING FOR MANUFACTURING BUILDING ELEMENTS
SE8901677-8 1989-05-10

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1990013717A1 true WO1990013717A1 (en) 1990-11-15

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Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1994017259A1 (en) * 1993-01-25 1994-08-04 Marmorith Betonindustrie Method for producing a floor slab and floor slab produced thereby
WO1994023146A1 (en) * 1993-03-30 1994-10-13 Ab Dala Cementvarufabrik Floor structure including prefabricated floor units
WO1996014481A1 (en) * 1994-11-02 1996-05-17 Ackea Handelsbolag Beam element as well as production and use thereof
NL1023541C2 (en) * 2003-05-27 2004-11-30 Beltman Architecten & Ingenieu Construction element for closing off side of building, has frost guard part extending below support points for resting element on top of foundation
CN103541492A (en) * 2013-11-07 2014-01-29 初明进 Precast concrete member
EP2260157B1 (en) * 2008-02-22 2014-07-16 Kanaalbreedplaat B.V. Floor assembly as well as panel suitable for such a floor assembly
US9464437B1 (en) 2015-12-09 2016-10-11 Naji Mohammed Al-Failkawi Precast I-beam concrete panels
US20170058517A1 (en) * 2015-08-29 2017-03-02 Clark Pacific Precast, Llc Integrated access floor system
BE1024570B1 (en) * 2017-02-02 2018-04-11 Fingo Nv Concrete floor element, floor assembled with such concrete floor elements and method for manufacturing a floor with such concrete floor elements.
CN109403462A (en) * 2018-10-29 2019-03-01 徐福良 A kind of combined energy-saving wall

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE802058C (en) * 1948-10-02 1951-02-01 Josef Severin Hoberland Formwork device
FR1336456A (en) * 1962-08-24 1963-08-30 Elcon Ag Improvements in elements intended for the construction of prefabricated buildings
DE2334046B2 (en) * 1973-01-19 1977-04-07 Peiro Fayos, M. Vicente, Madrid MOLD FOR THE PRODUCTION OF CONCRETE MOLDED PARTS WITH AT LEAST ONE LONGITUDINAL CAVITY
DE2400790C2 (en) * 1973-01-12 1984-04-19 Rinter Technik AG, Zug Process and device for the production of room cells made of reinforced concrete, e.g. prefabricated garages
US4761126A (en) * 1987-01-20 1988-08-02 Del Valle Jaime Traveling concrete casting mold

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE802058C (en) * 1948-10-02 1951-02-01 Josef Severin Hoberland Formwork device
FR1336456A (en) * 1962-08-24 1963-08-30 Elcon Ag Improvements in elements intended for the construction of prefabricated buildings
DE2400790C2 (en) * 1973-01-12 1984-04-19 Rinter Technik AG, Zug Process and device for the production of room cells made of reinforced concrete, e.g. prefabricated garages
DE2334046B2 (en) * 1973-01-19 1977-04-07 Peiro Fayos, M. Vicente, Madrid MOLD FOR THE PRODUCTION OF CONCRETE MOLDED PARTS WITH AT LEAST ONE LONGITUDINAL CAVITY
US4761126A (en) * 1987-01-20 1988-08-02 Del Valle Jaime Traveling concrete casting mold

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1994017259A1 (en) * 1993-01-25 1994-08-04 Marmorith Betonindustrie Method for producing a floor slab and floor slab produced thereby
WO1994023146A1 (en) * 1993-03-30 1994-10-13 Ab Dala Cementvarufabrik Floor structure including prefabricated floor units
WO1996014481A1 (en) * 1994-11-02 1996-05-17 Ackea Handelsbolag Beam element as well as production and use thereof
NL1023541C2 (en) * 2003-05-27 2004-11-30 Beltman Architecten & Ingenieu Construction element for closing off side of building, has frost guard part extending below support points for resting element on top of foundation
EP2260157B1 (en) * 2008-02-22 2014-07-16 Kanaalbreedplaat B.V. Floor assembly as well as panel suitable for such a floor assembly
CN103541492A (en) * 2013-11-07 2014-01-29 初明进 Precast concrete member
US20170058517A1 (en) * 2015-08-29 2017-03-02 Clark Pacific Precast, Llc Integrated access floor system
US9464437B1 (en) 2015-12-09 2016-10-11 Naji Mohammed Al-Failkawi Precast I-beam concrete panels
BE1024570B1 (en) * 2017-02-02 2018-04-11 Fingo Nv Concrete floor element, floor assembled with such concrete floor elements and method for manufacturing a floor with such concrete floor elements.
CN109403462A (en) * 2018-10-29 2019-03-01 徐福良 A kind of combined energy-saving wall

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE8901677D0 (en) 1989-05-10
SE8901677A (en) 1990-11-11
AU5636490A (en) 1990-11-29
SE463571B (en) 1990-12-10

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