WO1990011159A1 - Tool-holder and high-speed spindle - Google Patents

Tool-holder and high-speed spindle Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1990011159A1
WO1990011159A1 PCT/CH1990/000081 CH9000081W WO9011159A1 WO 1990011159 A1 WO1990011159 A1 WO 1990011159A1 CH 9000081 W CH9000081 W CH 9000081W WO 9011159 A1 WO9011159 A1 WO 9011159A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tool
spindle
tool holder
machining head
bore
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CH1990/000081
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Roger Girardin
Original Assignee
Charmilles Technologies S.A.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Charmilles Technologies S.A. filed Critical Charmilles Technologies S.A.
Priority to JP50486190A priority Critical patent/JPH04504983A/en
Priority to BR909006030A priority patent/BR9006030A/en
Publication of WO1990011159A1 publication Critical patent/WO1990011159A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
    • B23H7/00—Processes or apparatus applicable to both electrical discharge machining and electrochemical machining
    • B23H7/26—Apparatus for moving or positioning electrode relatively to workpiece; Mounting of electrode
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
    • B23Q1/0009—Energy-transferring means or control lines for movable machine parts; Control panels or boxes; Control parts
    • B23Q1/0018—Energy-transferring means or control lines for movable machine parts; Control panels or boxes; Control parts comprising hydraulic means
    • B23Q1/0027—Energy-transferring means or control lines for movable machine parts; Control panels or boxes; Control parts comprising hydraulic means between moving parts between which an uninterrupted energy-transfer connection is maintained
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q11/00—Accessories fitted to machine tools for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition or for cooling work; Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools
    • B23Q11/10—Arrangements for cooling or lubricating tools or work
    • B23Q11/1015—Arrangements for cooling or lubricating tools or work by supplying a cutting liquid through the spindle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q11/00—Accessories fitted to machine tools for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition or for cooling work; Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools
    • B23Q11/10—Arrangements for cooling or lubricating tools or work
    • B23Q11/1015—Arrangements for cooling or lubricating tools or work by supplying a cutting liquid through the spindle
    • B23Q11/1023—Tool holders, or tools in general specially adapted for receiving the cutting liquid from the spindle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q5/00—Driving or feeding mechanisms; Control arrangements therefor
    • B23Q5/02—Driving main working members
    • B23Q5/04—Driving main working members rotary shafts, e.g. working-spindles
    • B23Q5/10—Driving main working members rotary shafts, e.g. working-spindles driven essentially by electrical means

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a tool holder and a spindle for driving a tool in rotation about its axis of symmetry, while removably fixing it to a machining head, which itself can be optionally arranged to rotate the spindle / tool assembly about an axis of rotation parallel to this axis of revolution. It relates in particular to tool holders and spindles capable of holding electrodes-tools for electrical machining used for example for boring, turning and EDM milling.
  • Tool holders and rotating spindles are known which allow them to be fixed to a machining head which can come and go along its axis of symmetry (Z axis) and also move in a circular movement around this axis, this movement possibly being angularly indexed (axis C).
  • Z axis axis of symmetry
  • axis C angularly indexed
  • devices are mainly used for drilling holes with long hollow electrodes, the cooling of which is ensured by the circulation of fluid inside the tool electrode.
  • the object of the present invention was therefore to obtain a tool holder and a rotating spindle which can be fixed on a machining head already provided, for example, with axes Z and C, and making it possible to machine with rotations of several thousands of revolutions per minute.
  • the tool holder and the device with spindle according to the present invention as defined in claims 1 and 5, allow such machining.
  • the tool in particular to the annular injection which benefits the device according to the present invention, the tool, but also the tool holder and the spindle can be cooled effectively, without there being any loss of sealing at the seals, in particular the annular seal connecting the spindle to the spindle body, which makes it possible to machine at 2000 rpm and more, for example at 5000 rpm for at least a month, or more. It is possible to reach speeds of 10,000 rpm. In the case of electrical machining, in particular EDM machining, this enables the tool electrode to be supplied with high density currents, which can exceed 100
  • the liquid inlet channel in the spindle, around which an annular seal is mounted has a diameter as small as possible (for example, for a spindle of 100 mm in diameter , the channel has a diameter of 6 mm).
  • This seal connects the cooling circuit of the rotating spindle to a liquid distribution chamber located in the spindle body. It is intended to seal the supply of coolant from the machining head and injected around the tool through the spindle body, the rotating spindle and the tool holder.
  • the motor controlling the rotation of the spindle is mounted outside the assembly formed by the spindle body and the rotating spindle and the spindle body / spindle assembly / tool holder / tool is compact enough to be handled by automatic electrode changers, generally provided with robot arms and of known type, and to be stored in conventional tool stores.
  • the rotary motor can be provided with an encoder and a divider, which makes it possible to angularly position the rotating spindle (and therefore the tool holder and the tool) at a given angle of reference position identified before starting the rotation along the C axis This eliminates the drawbacks due to the weight of the angular sensor and to obtain a good balance during the revolution at high speed, especially since all the elements of the body of spindle / spindle / tool holder / tool are bodies of revolution.
  • connection of the rotary spindle and the motor, when it is fixed to the machining head and moves integrally with the movable element of the latter, can be achieved by means of a connecting element protecting, for example, a belt transmitting the motor movement to the spindle.
  • This connecting element is provided, in certain embodiments of the device of the present invention, with means, such as magnetic members cooperating with the motor or meshes or claws provided on the top of this element and intended to come to fit into members corresponding at the base of the engine.
  • the transmission to the spindle of the motor rotation is not disturbed.
  • the dimension to which the motor is fixed to the machining head is adjustable so that it comes to cooperate with the connecting element whatever the height of the device with spindle.
  • the movable element of the machining head on which the spindle body / spindle / tool holder / tool assembly is fixed can generally move in known manner along the axes Z and C, the latter movement being able to be indexed. This gives a rotary spindle with three axes, and the C axis can be used for automatic locking and unlocking between some of the elements of the above assembly.
  • the spindle body / spindle / tool holder / tool assembly can be mounted on the machining head by means of a standard coupling part, commercially available. In general, this part remains fixed to the machining head, and is provided with suitable means cooperating with the fixing members which are provided with the spindle bodies according to the present invention.
  • the coupling means are preferably arranged so that they can be locked and unlocked automatically, in particular thanks pneumatic or hydraulic systems of known type actuated by the numerical control of the machine tool.
  • This allows a wide variety of spindle body / spindle / tool holder / tool assemblies to be nested in advance, and stored in a known type accessory store before being automatically mounted on the same head. machining without changing the reference position of the latter or its coupling member.
  • the same member mounted on the machining head can be coupled with various types of fasteners mounted on the spindle bodies.
  • This assembly therefore generally comprises the spindle body proper as well as the fixing member making it possible to mount it on the standard coupling part with which the head is provided. This also makes it possible to bring, using a robot changer of known type, a blunt tool to a refresh station and to reassemble it directly in the machining position, without having to adjust.
  • the coupling member fixed to the machining head is preferably arranged so as to transmit to the motor driving the spindle the signals emitted by the numerical control of the machine, so as to regulate for example the speed of rotation on itself from the spindle by slaving it to the variation of a parameter measured during machining, or so that the milling and displacement sequences along axes C and Z are controlled automatically by the command digital machine tool, for example.
  • the spindle body / spindle / tool holder / tool assembly can be changed automatically by a simple movement of a robot arm between the machining head and a magazine presenting assemblies with natural tools and of different shape (conventional EDM driving tools, EDM "cutter”, etc.), synchronized with appropriate signals emitted by the digital control in order to control the locking or the unlocking of certain fasteners.
  • EDM driving tools EDM "cutter”
  • the tool holder can be mounted on the rotating spindle and be automatically removed therefrom, it is possible to automatically change the tool / tool holder assembly associated with the rotating spindle device.
  • the tool holder and the device with spindle of the present invention can therefore have an infinite number of embodiments. Only some will be illustrated schematically by the description of an exemplary embodiment, using the attached drawing in which is illustrated a tool holder according to the present invention, enclosing an electrode for EDM milling, and fixed in a rotating spindle driven by a motor mounted outside the spindle / spindle body assembly.
  • This figure is an axial section of an assembly composed of a tool electrode 1 in the form of a cylindrical rod enclosed in the clamp 2 of a tool holder 5.
  • the latter is fixed in a rotating spindle 6 mounted in a body of pin 10.
  • the latter is connected by known means to a fixing element of known type shown diagrammatically at 20.
  • the fastener 20 constitutes a first coupling member and can be automatically assembled and disassembled from a second coupling member, not shown, which is constituted by a mandrel and is fixed by known means to the movable element of an EDM machining head (also of known type and not shown).
  • This part 20 comprises a gripping rod 21 with a groove 22.
  • the mandrel constituting the second coupling member is provided with a mechanism which, in the rest position, causes balls to penetrate into the groove 22, ensuring thus fixing. By applying hydraulic or pneumatic pressure, this mechanism is actuated so as to release the balls, which makes it possible to remove the rod 21.
  • the robot arm enabling the device of the present invention to be moved from the machining head to an accessory store, a station turning or cooling or a rack (to disassemble the tool holder or reassemble another, as explained below), just grab it under the groove 22.
  • the machining head is provided with servomechanisms actuated by the digital control of the EDM machine and making it possible to vertically move this mobile element (Z axis) and to drive it in rotation about an axis parallel to this Z axis, (axis C possibly indexed).
  • the part 20 is fixed to the spindle body 10 by screws, not shown.
  • the vertical sleeve 7 of the spindle 6 is hollow; it surrounds a cylindrical chamber 17 opening onto a conical recess 16 delimiting a shoulder 8.
  • the latter serves as a support for the spring 9 which pushes the piston-pulling rod 18 upwards from the chamber 17.
  • the sleeve 7 carries a circular part 11 in the middle of which rises perpendicularly a rod 11 'pierced with a channel 12.
  • the latter brings the coolant 25 up to ramifications 13 formed all around the sleeve 7, parallel to its axis of symmetry. There are enough of them (4) to ensure sufficient irrigation.
  • the reed joint 4 6 mm in diameter, surrounds the upper end of the rod 11 ′, leaving it free to rotate on itself. It is a VITON gasket (marketed by RUBELI and GUIGOZ). Any other suitable known seal can be used for this part 4.
  • An annular recess 15, open on the conical bore 16 formed in the lower part of the sleeve, 7 constitutes an injection chamber fed by the branches 13. This chamber communicates with channels 27 formed radially in the tool holder 5.
  • This part 11 is fixed to the sleeve 7 (by screws not shown), so as to tighten the pinion 41, the part 42 surrounding the O-ring seal 43 and the ball bearings 40a and 40b against the shoulder 7 'of the sleeve 7.
  • the seal 43 allows the preload of the angular contact bearings 40a and 40b. These connect the spindle to the spindle body and allow it to turn quickly on itself, the latter remaining fixed.
  • a protective piece 44 is targeted on this shoulder between 7 ′. It has a conical shape in order to offer a minimum space requirement in the machining area.
  • a piston-pulling 18 actuated upwards by the spring 9 and holding the projecting part 19 of the tool holder 5.
  • the bottom 45 of this part 18 is pierced with a slot central through it right through, intended to allow the engagement of the development 14 of this projecting part 19.
  • the conical part 26 of the tool holder 5 is intended to engage in the bore 16 of the spindle 6.
  • the projecting part 19 extending this cone 26 ends in a rectangular opening 14 whose dimensions, taken in a plane perpendicular to the axis of symmetry of the tool holder are slightly smaller than the dimensions of the slot made at the end of the piston 18.
  • this part 14 is retained by the bottom 45 of part 18.
  • the assembly and disassembly of the tool holder 5 can be carried out automatically, for example by immobilizing it in a rack opposite the slot made in the bottom 45 of part 18.
  • the machining current is brought to the device by two hollow coals 30 pressed against the rod 11 'by two springs 31. It is transmitted to the tool electrode 1 through the spindle 6 and the tool holder 5, d '' where the importance of efficient cooling for the spindle / tool holder assembly.
  • the spindle body 10 also has a distribution chamber 24 for the coolant 25. It suffices to fit the spindle body 10 onto the cylindrical rod 11 'of the spindle 6. It is only after having centered this rod relative to the fastener 20 that the body 10 is aimed at on the latter, the seal 32 of the part 24 being positioned freely along the plane 29.
  • a cylindrical bore determines in the tool holder 5 an injection chamber 28 supplied by the radial channels 27 and communicating with a profiled bore so as to receive the clamp 2. This is pierced with radial grooves leaving the liquid under pressure 25 flow from chamber 28 to the surface of electrode 1.
  • the annular injector 50 is shaped so as to leave a space h between its wall opposite the electrode 1 and the surface of the latter. This space h is determined according to the geometry of the apparatus, the viscosity of the coolant 25, and its injection pressure, so that a film of liquid F surrounds the electrode 1.
  • Pliers 2 of different profiles can be provided in order to adapt to tools of various shapes and weights.
  • the motor 33 has at its lower part claws 34 which are embedded in corresponding claws 37, formed on the connecting element 36.
  • the belt 35 transmits to the pinion 41 of the spindle 6 the rotation of the pinion 52 actuated by the motor 33.
  • the ball bearings 40a and 40b allow the rotation of all of the parts 7, 11 and 11 ′, 18, 42 and 44 inside the spindle body 10.
  • the motor 33 is connected to the digital control of the machine. Thanks to a servomechanism and a control circuit of known type, such as those described in European application 281.512, the frequency of rotation of the motor 33 (and therefore of the device of the present invention) is adjusted according to the variation of the instantaneous voltage U of each spark burst between i the tool electrode 1 and the workpiece.
  • This device makes it possible to obtain the optimum speed of rotation, corresponding to the maximum material removal for a given current density.
  • the motor 33 actuating the rotation of the spindle 6 in the spindle body 10 can be mounted in the latter.
  • the belt 35 can be omitted (as well as the entire connecting element 36), the motor 33 directly actuating the pinion 41 of the spindle 6.
  • the claws 34 and 37 ensuring its connection with the element 36 can be replaced by other known systems, such as a magnetic connection.
  • the spindle body could be fixed to the machining head by other known systems, automatic or not, than the coupling parts 20 to 22.
  • plan of the coolant circuits presented by the spindle and the tool holder can be different from those illustrated in the previous example.
  • the protective piece 44 can be mounted on the spindle body 10 and remain immobile when the spindle 6 is rotated.
  • this tool can be pierced with channels allowing it to be irrigated more effectively in order to avoid overheating.
  • the tool holder 5 has a lateral pin coming to cooperate with a stop formed on the spindle 6 to allow it to be given (as with tool 1), a angular position determined with respect to the machining head.
  • a angular position determined with respect to the machining head.
  • this type of fastening allows you to control the tightening force and to perform fast and effective interlocks. Cleaning the different parts is easy. Maximum precision is thus obtained under all operating conditions.
  • the clamping force is low enough that the deformations after tightening are negligible. It is substantially constant, which allows, with each installation of a new tool holder, to obtain a rigorously defined position.
  • the tool holder and the device with a rotating spindle according to the present invention are particularly valuable in EDM milling.
  • the rotary spindles according to the present invention are generally provided with means making it possible to adjust their rotation frequency (and therefore that of the electrode), for example by slaving it so as to control the rate of sparks at low level and d 'sparks ejected and machined at the optimum rotational speed corresponding to the maximum material removal for a given machining current density, as described in EP 281.512, without any surface defects.
  • one of the main advantages of the present invention is that it makes it possible to work with a current density
  • these electrodes can be produced in series, in a similar way to the already known electrode wires. This allows considerable progress compared to the traditional driving electrode made to measure for each particular machining.
  • EDM milling tools can be used long and narrow, while conventional milling tools must be massive to be effective, because otherwise one is forced to mill too slowly to avoid breaking the tool.
  • any form of tool electrode can be adapted on the device of the present invention. The latter makes it possible to control the frequency of rotation of a tool electrode regardless of the dimensions and the shape of the latter, without requiring any programming change.
  • this device contributes to automate easily and very satisfactorily EDM milling at high speed.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)

Abstract

Tool-holder (5) which makes it possible to rotate a tool(1) at high speed around its axis of symmetry. Its tapered end (26) is engaged in the tapered bore (16) provided in the spindle (6) and is equipped with means of securing (14, 19) to the spindle (6) which exerts a clamping force suitable for fixing it rigidly by means of the spring (9) and which can thus rotate it at several thousand r.p.m. In a bore of suitable shape a clamp (2) is engaged, adapted to secure the electrode end (1) rigidly. An injection chamber (28) communicates with said bore and is connected by radial channels (27) to a fluid inlet. The clamp (2) has radial grooves to bring the cooling fluid (25) from the injection chamber (28) to the surface of the tool (1). An annular injector (50) holds the clamp by means of a nut (51); its wall facing the electrode-tool (1) is spaced at a distance (h) such that a film of liquid forms around the electrode (1). The spindle body (10) has a fixture (20, 21, 22) designed to connect it rigidly to the mobile element of a machining head or to an intermediary fixing element mounted on said mobile element. A sealed circuit (12, 13, 15) channels the liquid (25); it is connected by an input channel of small diameter which passes through the spindle body (10) to a liquid outlet in the mobile element of the machining head or in the intermediary fixing element mounted on said mobile element. An annular seal (14) of small diameter is mounted in the spindle body (10) around said channel (11'). Two carbon brushes (30) which supply electric current to the spindle / tool-holder / tool assembly are pressed against the channel (11') by springs (31). The motor (33) which rotates the spindle (6) around its axis of symmetry is mounted on the machining head and operates the gearwheel (41) by means of the belt (35). The connection element (36) is fitted with a claw system (37) which cooperates with corrresponding means (34) located under the motor (33).

Description

PORTE-OUTIL ET BROCHE TOURNANTE RAPIDE FAST TOOL HOLDER AND ROTATING SPINDLE
La présente invention a trait â un porte-outil et à une broche permettant d'entraîner un outil en rotation autour de son axe de symétrie, tout en le fixant de manière amovible â une tête d'usinage, elle-même pouvant être éventuellement agencée pour faire tourner l'ensemble broche/outil autour d'un axe de rotation parallèle à cet axe de révolution. Elle a trait en particulier aux porte-outils et broches susceptibles de maintenir des électrodes- outils pour usinage électrique utilisées par exemple pour l'alésage, le tournage et le fraisage EDM.The present invention relates to a tool holder and a spindle for driving a tool in rotation about its axis of symmetry, while removably fixing it to a machining head, which itself can be optionally arranged to rotate the spindle / tool assembly about an axis of rotation parallel to this axis of revolution. It relates in particular to tool holders and spindles capable of holding electrodes-tools for electrical machining used for example for boring, turning and EDM milling.
On connaît des porte-outils et des broches tournantes permettant de les fixer â une tête d'usinage pouvant aller et venir le long de son axe de symétrie (axe Z) et aussi se déplacer selon un mouvement circulaire autour de cet axe, ce mouvement pouvant éventuellement être indexé angulairement (axe C). Dans le domaine de l'usinage électrique, de tels dispositifs sont surtout utilisés pour le forage de trous avec de longues électrodes creuses dont le refroidissement est assuré par une circulation de fluide à l'intérieur de l'électrode-outil. Citons en particulier les dispositifs décrits dans le brevet suisse CH 628.557 ou dans la demande européenne EP 173.749.Tool holders and rotating spindles are known which allow them to be fixed to a machining head which can come and go along its axis of symmetry (Z axis) and also move in a circular movement around this axis, this movement possibly being angularly indexed (axis C). In the field of electrical machining, such devices are mainly used for drilling holes with long hollow electrodes, the cooling of which is ensured by the circulation of fluid inside the tool electrode. Let us cite in particular the devices described in Swiss patent CH 628,557 or in European application EP 173,749.
Mais aucun des dispositifs existants ne permettait d'usiner avec une broche tournant à des vitesses de plusieurs milliers de tours par minute surtout avec un outil plein. Ceci était dû à la difficulté de réaliser une amenée suffisante de liquide d'usinage pour refroidir l'outil, le porte-outil et la broche tournante, (cette amenée devant être d'autant plus efficace que la révolution de la broche est plus rapide), en particulier parce que les joints ne pouvaient résister aux débits et aux vitesses de rotation de plusieurs milliers de tours par minute utilisés pour certaines applications. De graves problèmes d'usure des joints apparaissaient rapidement, ce qui mettait l'appareillage hors service.However, none of the existing devices made it possible to machine with a spindle rotating at speeds of several thousand revolutions per minute, especially with a solid tool. This was due to the difficulty of providing a sufficient supply of machining liquid to cool the tool, the tool holder and the rotating spindle (this supply in front of be all the more efficient as the revolution of the spindle is faster), in particular because the seals could not withstand the flow rates and rotational speeds of several thousand revolutions per minute used for certain applications. Serious wear-and-tear problems quickly appeared, which put the equipment out of service.
Or de telles vitesses sont nécessaires dans certains cas, tels le fraisage EDM, en particulier avec des électrodes-tiges de petit diamètre, ceci afin d'obtenir des vitesses d'usinage suffisantes.However, such speeds are necessary in certain cases, such as EDM milling, in particular with rod electrodes of small diameter, this in order to obtain sufficient machining speeds.
Le but de la présente invention était donc d'obtenir un porte-outil et une broche tournante pouvant se fixer sur une tête d'usinage déjà munie, par exemple, des axes Z et C, et permettant d'usiner avec des rotations de plusieurs milliers de tours par minute. Le porte-outil et le dispositif avec broche selon la présente invention, tels que définis aux revendications 1 et 5, permettent un tel usinage.The object of the present invention was therefore to obtain a tool holder and a rotating spindle which can be fixed on a machining head already provided, for example, with axes Z and C, and making it possible to machine with rotations of several thousands of revolutions per minute. The tool holder and the device with spindle according to the present invention, as defined in claims 1 and 5, allow such machining.
Grâce au dispositif d'injection, en particulier à l'injection annulaire dont bénéficie le dispositif selon la présente invention, l'outil, mais aussi le porte-outil et la broche peuvent être refroidis efficacement, sans qu'il y ait perte d'étanchêïté au niveau des joints, en particulier du joint annulaire reliant la broche au corps de broche, ce qui permet d'usiner â 2000 tours/minute et plus, par exemple à 5000 tours/minute pendant au moins un mois, ou plus. Il est possible d'atteindre des vitesses de 10.000 tours/minute. Dans le cas d'un usinage électrique, en particulier d'un usinage EDM, ceci permet d'alimenter l'électrode- outil avec des courants de grande densité, pouvant dépasser les 100Thanks to the injection device, in particular to the annular injection which benefits the device according to the present invention, the tool, but also the tool holder and the spindle can be cooled effectively, without there being any loss of sealing at the seals, in particular the annular seal connecting the spindle to the spindle body, which makes it possible to machine at 2000 rpm and more, for example at 5000 rpm for at least a month, or more. It is possible to reach speeds of 10,000 rpm. In the case of electrical machining, in particular EDM machining, this enables the tool electrode to be supplied with high density currents, which can exceed 100
2 A/cm , sans craindre un êchauffement par effet Joule trop important et une perte de précision due à une déformation du dispositif. Selon l'une des réalisations préférées de la présente invention, le canal d'arrivée du liquide dans la broche, autour duquel est monté un joint annulaire, a un diamètre aussi petit que possible (par exemple, pour une broche de 100 mm de diamètre , le canal a un diamètre de 6 mm). Ce joint relie le circuit de refroidissement de la broche tournante à une chambre de distribution de liquide située dans le corps de broche. Il est destiné â rendre étanche l'amenée de liquide de refroidissement provenant de la tête d'usinage et injecté autour de l'outil à travers le corps de broche, la broche tournante et le porte-outil. Ceci conduit à une vitesse périphérique de ce canal d'arrivée, par rapport au joint, aussi faible que possible et augmente donc la résistance de ce dernier au mouvement de rotation rapide, et sa longévité. Il faut donc utiliser un canal d'arrivée aussi étroit que possible, mais suffisant toutefois pour assurer un débit satisfaisant de liquide de refroidissement.2 A / cm, without fear of excessive Joule heating and loss of precision due to deformation of the device. According to one of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, the liquid inlet channel in the spindle, around which an annular seal is mounted, has a diameter as small as possible (for example, for a spindle of 100 mm in diameter , the channel has a diameter of 6 mm). This seal connects the cooling circuit of the rotating spindle to a liquid distribution chamber located in the spindle body. It is intended to seal the supply of coolant from the machining head and injected around the tool through the spindle body, the rotating spindle and the tool holder. This leads to a peripheral speed of this inlet channel, relative to the joint, as low as possible and therefore increases the resistance of the latter to rapid rotational movement, and its longevity. It is therefore necessary to use an inlet channel as narrow as possible, but sufficient however to ensure a satisfactory flow of coolant.
Selon un autre mode d'exécution préféré de la présente invention, le moteur commandant la rotation de la broche est monté à l'extérieur de l'ensemble formé par le corps de broche et la broche tournante et l'ensemble corps de broche/broche/porte-outil/outil est suffisamment compact pour être manipulé par des changeurs automatiques d'électrodes, munis en général de bras-robot et de type connu, et être stocké dans des magasins d'outils classiques.According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the motor controlling the rotation of the spindle is mounted outside the assembly formed by the spindle body and the rotating spindle and the spindle body / spindle assembly / tool holder / tool is compact enough to be handled by automatic electrode changers, generally provided with robot arms and of known type, and to be stored in conventional tool stores.
Selon d'autres variantes, le moteur rotatif peut être muni d'un encodeur et d'un diviseur, ce qui permet de positionner angulairement la broche tournante (et donc le porte-outil et l'outil) à un angle donné d'une position de référence repérée avant de commencer la rotation selon l'axe C Ceci permet d'éliminer les inconvénients dus au poids du capteur angulaire et d'obtenir un bon équilibrage lors de la révolution à grande vitesse, d'autant que tous les éléments de l'ensemble corps de broche/broche/porte- outil/outil sont des corps de révolution. La liaison de la broche tournante et du moteur, lorsqu'il est fixé à la tête d'usinage et se déplace solidairement avec l'élément mobile de cette dernière, peut être réalisée grâce à un élément de liaison protégeant, par exemple, une courroie transmettant à la broche le mouvement du moteur. Cet élément de liaison est muni, dans certaines réalisations du dispositif de la présente invention, de moyens, tels des organes magnétiques coopérant avec le moteur ou des engrênements ou griffes prévus sur le dessus de cet élément et destinés à venir s'emboîter dans des organes correspondants ménagés à la base du moteur. La transmission à la broche de la rotation du moteur n'en est pas perturbée. La côte à laquelle le moteur est fixé sur la tête d'usinage est réglable de manière à ce qu'il vienne coopérer avec l'élément de liaison quelle que soit la hauteur du dispositif avec broche.According to other variants, the rotary motor can be provided with an encoder and a divider, which makes it possible to angularly position the rotating spindle (and therefore the tool holder and the tool) at a given angle of reference position identified before starting the rotation along the C axis This eliminates the drawbacks due to the weight of the angular sensor and to obtain a good balance during the revolution at high speed, especially since all the elements of the body of spindle / spindle / tool holder / tool are bodies of revolution. The connection of the rotary spindle and the motor, when it is fixed to the machining head and moves integrally with the movable element of the latter, can be achieved by means of a connecting element protecting, for example, a belt transmitting the motor movement to the spindle. This connecting element is provided, in certain embodiments of the device of the present invention, with means, such as magnetic members cooperating with the motor or meshes or claws provided on the top of this element and intended to come to fit into members corresponding at the base of the engine. The transmission to the spindle of the motor rotation is not disturbed. The dimension to which the motor is fixed to the machining head is adjustable so that it comes to cooperate with the connecting element whatever the height of the device with spindle.
L'élément mobile de la tête d'usinage sur lequel est fixé l'ensemble corps de broche/broche/porte-outil/outil peut en général se déplacer de manière connue selon les axes Z et C, ce dernier mouvement pouvant être indexé. On obtient ainsi une broche tournante avec trois axes, et l'axe C peut être utilisé pour des vérouillages et dévérouillages automatiques entre certains des éléments de l'ensemble ci-dessus.The movable element of the machining head on which the spindle body / spindle / tool holder / tool assembly is fixed can generally move in known manner along the axes Z and C, the latter movement being able to be indexed. This gives a rotary spindle with three axes, and the C axis can be used for automatic locking and unlocking between some of the elements of the above assembly.
L'ensemble corps de broche/broche/porte-outil/outil peut être monté sur la tête d'usinage par l'entremise d'une pièce d'accouplement standard, disponible dans le commerce. En général cete pièce reste fixée à la tête d'usinage, et est munie de moyens appropriés coopérant avec les organes de fixation dont sont pourvus les corps de broche selon la présente invention.The spindle body / spindle / tool holder / tool assembly can be mounted on the machining head by means of a standard coupling part, commercially available. In general, this part remains fixed to the machining head, and is provided with suitable means cooperating with the fixing members which are provided with the spindle bodies according to the present invention.
Les moyens d'accouplement sont de préférence agencés pour pouvoir être vérouillês et dévérouillês automatiquement grâce en particulier à des systèmes pneumatiques ou hydrauliques de type connu actionnés par la commande numérique de la machine à usiner. Ceci permet à une grande variété d'ensembles corps de broche/broche/porte-outil/outil d'être emboîtés à l'avance, et stockés dans un magasin d'accessoires de type connu avant d'être montés automatiquement sur la même tête d'usinage sans changer le positionnement de référence de cette dernière ou son organe d'accouplement. De plus, selon le fabricant d'accessoires, un même organe monté sur la tête d'usinage peut s'accoupler avec divers types de fixations montées sur les corps de broche. Cet ensemble comprend donc en général le corps de broche proprement dit ainsi que l'organe de fixation permettant de le monter sur la pièce d'accouplement standard dont est munie la tête. Ceci permet aussi d'amener, grâce à un changeur robot de type connu, un outil êmoussé vers une station de rafraîchissement et de le remonter directement en position d'usinage, sans avoir de réglage à effectuer.The coupling means are preferably arranged so that they can be locked and unlocked automatically, in particular thanks pneumatic or hydraulic systems of known type actuated by the numerical control of the machine tool. This allows a wide variety of spindle body / spindle / tool holder / tool assemblies to be nested in advance, and stored in a known type accessory store before being automatically mounted on the same head. machining without changing the reference position of the latter or its coupling member. In addition, according to the manufacturer of accessories, the same member mounted on the machining head can be coupled with various types of fasteners mounted on the spindle bodies. This assembly therefore generally comprises the spindle body proper as well as the fixing member making it possible to mount it on the standard coupling part with which the head is provided. This also makes it possible to bring, using a robot changer of known type, a blunt tool to a refresh station and to reassemble it directly in the machining position, without having to adjust.
De plus l'organe d'accouplement fixé à la tête d'usinage est agencé de préférence de manière â transmettre au moteur entraînant la broche les signaux émis par la commande numérique de la machine, de manière à réguler par exemple la vitesse de rotation sur elle-même de la broche en l'asservissant à la variation d'un paramètre mesurée en cours d'usinage, ou encore de manière à ce que les séquences de fraisage et de déplacement selon les axes C et Z soient commandées automatiquement par la commande numérique de la machine-outil, par exemple.Furthermore, the coupling member fixed to the machining head is preferably arranged so as to transmit to the motor driving the spindle the signals emitted by the numerical control of the machine, so as to regulate for example the speed of rotation on itself from the spindle by slaving it to the variation of a parameter measured during machining, or so that the milling and displacement sequences along axes C and Z are controlled automatically by the command digital machine tool, for example.
Comme déjà mentionné auparavant, l'ensemble corps de broche/broche/porte-outil/outil peut être changé automatiquement par un simple mouvement d'un bras-robot entre la tête d'usinage et un magasin présentant des ensembles avec des outils de nature et de forme différentes (outils d'enfonçage EDM classique, "fraise" EDM, etc.), synchronisé avec des signaux appropriés émis par la commande numérique afin de commander le vérouillage ou le dêvérouillage de certaines fixations. Ou encore, lorsque le porte- outil peut être monté sur la broche tournante et en être démonté automatiquement, il est possible de changer automatiquement l'ensemble outil/porte-outil associé au dispositif â broche tournante.As already mentioned before, the spindle body / spindle / tool holder / tool assembly can be changed automatically by a simple movement of a robot arm between the machining head and a magazine presenting assemblies with natural tools and of different shape (conventional EDM driving tools, EDM "cutter", etc.), synchronized with appropriate signals emitted by the digital control in order to control the locking or the unlocking of certain fasteners. Or, when the tool holder can be mounted on the rotating spindle and be automatically removed therefrom, it is possible to automatically change the tool / tool holder assembly associated with the rotating spindle device.
Le porte-outil et le dispositif avec broche de la présente invention peuvent donc présenter une infinité de formes d'exécution. Seules certaines seront illustrées schématiquement par la description d'un exemple de réalisation, à l'aide du dessin annexé dans lequel est illustré un porte-outil selon la présente invention, enserrant une électrode pour fraisage EDM, et fixé dans une broche tournante entraînée par un moteur monté à l'extérieur de l'ensemble broche/corps de broche.The tool holder and the device with spindle of the present invention can therefore have an infinite number of embodiments. Only some will be illustrated schematically by the description of an exemplary embodiment, using the attached drawing in which is illustrated a tool holder according to the present invention, enclosing an electrode for EDM milling, and fixed in a rotating spindle driven by a motor mounted outside the spindle / spindle body assembly.
Cette figure est une coupe axiale d'un ensemble composé d'une électrode-outil 1 en forme de tige cylindrique enserrée dans la pince 2 d'un porte-outil 5. Ce dernier est fixé dans une broche tournante 6 montée dans un corps de broche 10. Ce dernier est relié par des moyens connus à un élément de fixation de type connu schématisé en 20.This figure is an axial section of an assembly composed of a tool electrode 1 in the form of a cylindrical rod enclosed in the clamp 2 of a tool holder 5. The latter is fixed in a rotating spindle 6 mounted in a body of pin 10. The latter is connected by known means to a fixing element of known type shown diagrammatically at 20.
La fixation 20 constitue un premier organe d'accouplement et peut être montée et démontée automatiquement d'un deuxième organe d'accouplement, non-représenté, qui est constitué par un mandrin et est fixé par des moyens connus â l'élément mobile d'une tête d'usinage EDM, (elle aussi de type connu et non-représentêe). Cette pièce 20 comporte une tige de préhension 21 avec une gorge 22. De manière connue, le mandrin constituant le deuxième organe d'accouplement est muni d'un mécanisme qui, en position de repos, fait pénétrer des billes dans la gorge 22, assurant ainsi la fixation. Par application d'une pression hydraulique ou pneumatique, ce mécanisme est actionné de manière à libérer les billes, ce qui permet de retirer la tige 21. Le bras-robot permetant de déplacer le dispositif de la présente invention depuis la tête d'usinage jusqu'à un magasin d'accessoires, une station de tournage ou de rafraîchissement ou un râtelier (pour démonter le porte-outil ou en remonter un autre, comme expliqué plus loin), vient le saisir sous la gorge 22.The fastener 20 constitutes a first coupling member and can be automatically assembled and disassembled from a second coupling member, not shown, which is constituted by a mandrel and is fixed by known means to the movable element of an EDM machining head (also of known type and not shown). This part 20 comprises a gripping rod 21 with a groove 22. In known manner, the mandrel constituting the second coupling member is provided with a mechanism which, in the rest position, causes balls to penetrate into the groove 22, ensuring thus fixing. By applying hydraulic or pneumatic pressure, this mechanism is actuated so as to release the balls, which makes it possible to remove the rod 21. The robot arm enabling the device of the present invention to be moved from the machining head to an accessory store, a station turning or cooling or a rack (to disassemble the tool holder or reassemble another, as explained below), just grab it under the groove 22.
La tête d'usinage est munie de servomécanismes actionnés par la commande numérique de la machine EDM et permettant de mouvoir verticalement cet élément mobile (axe Z) et de l'entraîner en rotation autour d'un axe parallèle à cet axe Z, (axe C éventuellement indexé). La pièce 20 est fixée sur le corps de broche 10 par des vis, non-représentées.The machining head is provided with servomechanisms actuated by the digital control of the EDM machine and making it possible to vertically move this mobile element (Z axis) and to drive it in rotation about an axis parallel to this Z axis, (axis C possibly indexed). The part 20 is fixed to the spindle body 10 by screws, not shown.
Le manchon vertical 7 de la broche 6 est creux; il entoure une chambre cylindrique 17 débouchant sur un evidement conique 16 en délimitant un épaulement 8. Ce dernier sert d'appui au ressort 9 qui repousse le piston-tirant 18 vers le haut de la chambre 17. Le manchon 7 porte une pièce circulaire 11 au milieu de laquelle s'élève perpendiculairement une tige 11' percée d'un canal 12. Celui-ci amène le liquide de refroidissement 25 jusqu'à des ramifications 13 ménagées tout autour du manchon 7, parallèlement â son axe de symétrie. Elles sont assez nombreuses (4 ) pour assurer une irrigation suffisante.The vertical sleeve 7 of the spindle 6 is hollow; it surrounds a cylindrical chamber 17 opening onto a conical recess 16 delimiting a shoulder 8. The latter serves as a support for the spring 9 which pushes the piston-pulling rod 18 upwards from the chamber 17. The sleeve 7 carries a circular part 11 in the middle of which rises perpendicularly a rod 11 'pierced with a channel 12. The latter brings the coolant 25 up to ramifications 13 formed all around the sleeve 7, parallel to its axis of symmetry. There are enough of them (4) to ensure sufficient irrigation.
Le joint d'é anche-té 4, de 6 mm de diamètre, entoure l'extrémité supérieure de la tige 11', en la laissant libre de tourner sur elle- même. Il s'agit d'un joint en VITON (commercialisé par RUBELI et GUIGOZ) . Tout autre joint connu approprié peut être utilisé pour cette pièce 4.The reed joint 4, 6 mm in diameter, surrounds the upper end of the rod 11 ′, leaving it free to rotate on itself. It is a VITON gasket (marketed by RUBELI and GUIGOZ). Any other suitable known seal can be used for this part 4.
Un evidement annulaire 15, ouvert sur l'alésage conique 16 ménagé à la partie inférieure du manchon, 7 constitue une chambre d'injection alimentée par les ramifications 13. Cette chambre communique avec des canaux 27 ménagés radialement dans le porte-outil 5. Cette pièce 11 est fixée au manchon 7 (par des vis non- représentées) , de manière à serrer le pignon 41, la pièce 42 entourant le joint O-ring 43 et les roulements à billes 40a et 40b contre l'épaulement 7' du manchon 7. Le joint 43 permet la précharge des roulements â contacts obliques 40a et 40b. Ces derniers relient la broche au corps de broche et lui permettent de tourner rapidement sur elle-même, ce dernier restant fixe. Une pièce de protection 44 est visée sur cet épaule ent 7'. Elle est de forme conique afin d'offir un encombrement minimum dans la zone d'usinage.An annular recess 15, open on the conical bore 16 formed in the lower part of the sleeve, 7 constitutes an injection chamber fed by the branches 13. This chamber communicates with channels 27 formed radially in the tool holder 5. This part 11 is fixed to the sleeve 7 (by screws not shown), so as to tighten the pinion 41, the part 42 surrounding the O-ring seal 43 and the ball bearings 40a and 40b against the shoulder 7 'of the sleeve 7. The seal 43 allows the preload of the angular contact bearings 40a and 40b. These connect the spindle to the spindle body and allow it to turn quickly on itself, the latter remaining fixed. A protective piece 44 is targeted on this shoulder between 7 ′. It has a conical shape in order to offer a minimum space requirement in the machining area.
A l'intérieur de la chambre cylindrique 17 est monté un piston- tirant 18, actionné vers le haut par le ressort 9 et maintenant la partie saillante 19 du porte-outil 5. Le fond 45 de cette pièce 18 est percé d'une fente centrale le traversant de part en part, destinée â permettre l'engagement de l'épanouissement 14 de cette partie saillante 19.Inside the cylindrical chamber 17 is mounted a piston-pulling 18, actuated upwards by the spring 9 and holding the projecting part 19 of the tool holder 5. The bottom 45 of this part 18 is pierced with a slot central through it right through, intended to allow the engagement of the development 14 of this projecting part 19.
La partie conique 26 du porte-outil 5 est destinée à s'engager dans l'alésage 16 de la broche 6. On a vu que la partie saillante 19 prolongeant ce cône 26 se termine par un épanouissement rectangulaire 14 dont les dimensions, prises dans un plan perpendiculaire à l'axe de symétrie du porte-outil sont légèrement inférieures aux dimensions de la fente ménagée à l'extrémité du piston 18. En imprimant un quart de tour au porte-outil, cette partie 14 est retenue par le fond 45 de la pièce 18. Le montage et le démontage du porte-outil 5 peuvent être réalisés automatiquement, par exemple en l'immobilisant dans un râtelier en regard de la fente ménagée dans le fond 45 de la pièce 18. Il suffit d'abaisser le dispositif selon l'axe Z et de commander une rotation de la broche 6 d'un quart de tour ainsi qu'une remontée selon l'axe Z. Pour le dévérouiller, on injecte un fluide (huile ou air comprimé, par exemple) sous pression dans le haut de la chambre 17. Ceci repousse le piston 18 vers le bas; il suffit, en inversant les opérations ci-dessus d'actionner le porte-outil d'un quart de tour pour le désengager du fond 45 du piston 18 et donc le libérer de la broche 6. Des canalisations 47 (indiquées en pointillés, car elles s'intercalent entre les canaux 13 amenant le liquide de refroidissement) amènent le fluide sous pression de l'alimentation pneumatique ou hydraulique 46 jusqu'à la chambre 17. Cette alimentation peut être réalisée par une valve mise automatiquement en fonctionnement au moment de l'accouplement du corps de broche à la tête d'usinage. Ces canalisations sont ménagées dans le corps de broche 10, dans la pièce annulaire 23 fixée sous ce dernier et dans la pièce 11.The conical part 26 of the tool holder 5 is intended to engage in the bore 16 of the spindle 6. We have seen that the projecting part 19 extending this cone 26 ends in a rectangular opening 14 whose dimensions, taken in a plane perpendicular to the axis of symmetry of the tool holder are slightly smaller than the dimensions of the slot made at the end of the piston 18. By printing a quarter turn on the tool holder, this part 14 is retained by the bottom 45 of part 18. The assembly and disassembly of the tool holder 5 can be carried out automatically, for example by immobilizing it in a rack opposite the slot made in the bottom 45 of part 18. It suffices to lower the device along the Z axis and controlling a rotation of the spindle 6 by a quarter turn as well as an ascent along the Z axis. To unlock it, a fluid (oil or compressed air, for example) is injected under pressure in the top of chamber 17. This pushes back the piston 18 down; it suffices, by reversing the above operations to actuate the tool holder by a quarter turn to disengage it from the bottom 45 of the piston 18 and therefore release it from the spindle 6. Pipes 47 (indicated by dotted lines, because they are inserted between the channels 13 supplying the coolant) bring the pressurized fluid from the pneumatic or hydraulic supply 46 to the chamber 17. This supply can be carried out by a valve automatically activated when the spindle body is coupled at the machining head. These pipes are formed in the spindle body 10, in the annular part 23 fixed under the latter and in the part 11.
Le courant d'usinage est amené au dispositif par deux charbons évidés 30 pressés contre la tige 11' par deux ressorts 31. Il se transmet jusqu'à l'électrode-outil 1 à travers la broche 6 et le porte-outil 5, d'où l'importance d'un refroidissement efficace pour l'ensemble broche/porte-outil.The machining current is brought to the device by two hollow coals 30 pressed against the rod 11 'by two springs 31. It is transmitted to the tool electrode 1 through the spindle 6 and the tool holder 5, d '' where the importance of efficient cooling for the spindle / tool holder assembly.
Le corps de broche 10 présente aussi une chambre 24 de distribution pour le liquide de refroidissement 25. Il suffit d'emboîter le corps de broche 10 sur la tige cylindrique 11' de la broche 6. Ce n'est qu'après avoir centré cette tige par rapport â la fixation 20 que le corps 10 est visé sur cette dernière, le joint 32 de la pièce 24 se positionnant librement le long du plan 29.The spindle body 10 also has a distribution chamber 24 for the coolant 25. It suffices to fit the spindle body 10 onto the cylindrical rod 11 'of the spindle 6. It is only after having centered this rod relative to the fastener 20 that the body 10 is aimed at on the latter, the seal 32 of the part 24 being positioned freely along the plane 29.
Un alésage cylindrique détermine dans le porte-outil 5 une chambre d'injection 28 alimentée par les canaux radiaux 27 et communiquant avec un alésage profilé de manière à recevoir la pince 2. Celle-ci est percée de rainures radiales laissant le liquide sous pression 25 s'écouler de la chambre 28 jusqu'à la surface de l'électrode 1. Pour fixer l'électrode 1 dans le porte-outil 5, il suffit d'engager la pince 2 dans le logement prévu dans la pièce 5, puis l'électrode 1, de placer l'injecteur 50 et de maintenir le tout en vissant l'écrou 51 sur l'extrémité inférieure du porte-outil 5. L'injecteur annulaire 50 est profilé de manière à laisser un espace h entre sa paroi en regard de l'électrode 1 et la surface de cette dernière. Cet espace h est déterminé en fonction de la géométrie de l'appareillage, de la viscosité du liquide de refroidissement 25, et de sa pression d'injection, de façon à ce qu'un film de liquide F entoure l'électrode 1.A cylindrical bore determines in the tool holder 5 an injection chamber 28 supplied by the radial channels 27 and communicating with a profiled bore so as to receive the clamp 2. This is pierced with radial grooves leaving the liquid under pressure 25 flow from chamber 28 to the surface of electrode 1. To fix the electrode 1 in the tool holder 5, simply engage the clamp 2 in the housing provided in the part 5, then the electrode 1, place the injector 50 and hold everything while screwing the 'nut 51 on the lower end of the tool holder 5. The annular injector 50 is shaped so as to leave a space h between its wall opposite the electrode 1 and the surface of the latter. This space h is determined according to the geometry of the apparatus, the viscosity of the coolant 25, and its injection pressure, so that a film of liquid F surrounds the electrode 1.
Des pinces 2 de profils différents peuvent être prévues afin de s'adapter â des outils de forme et de poids divers.Pliers 2 of different profiles can be provided in order to adapt to tools of various shapes and weights.
Le moteur 33 présente à sa partie inférieure des griffes 34 qui viennent s'encastrer dans des griffes 37 correspondantes, ménagées sur l'élément de liaison 36. La courroie 35 transmet au pignon 41 de la broche 6 la rotation du pignon 52 actionné par le moteur 33. Les roulements â bille 40a et 40b permettent la rotation de l'ensemble des pièces 7, 11 et 11', 18, 42 et 44 à l'intérieur du corps de broche 10.The motor 33 has at its lower part claws 34 which are embedded in corresponding claws 37, formed on the connecting element 36. The belt 35 transmits to the pinion 41 of the spindle 6 the rotation of the pinion 52 actuated by the motor 33. The ball bearings 40a and 40b allow the rotation of all of the parts 7, 11 and 11 ′, 18, 42 and 44 inside the spindle body 10.
Le moteur 33 est relié à la commande numérique de la machine. Grâce à un servomécanisme et â un circuit d'asservissement de type connu, tel que ceux décrits dans la demande européenne 281.512, la fréquence de rotation du moteur 33 (et donc du dispositif de la présente invention) est réglée en fonction de la variation de la tension instantannêe U de chaque étincelle éclatant entre i l'électrode-outil 1 et la pièce usinée. Ceci permet de faire tourner l'outil 1 à la vitesse maximum tout en évitant les défauts d'usinage et la dégradation du diélectrique baignant la zone d'usinage, mais en ayant un degré de pollution de la fente d'usinage suffisamment élevé pour que l'enlèvement de matière soit le plus élevé possible pour la densité de courant utilisée, mais légèrement inférieur â celui qui provoquerait la détérioration des conditions de l'usinage ou même son arrêt complet, par suite de la destruction du diélectrique. Ce dispositif permet d'obtenir la vitesse de rotation optimale, correspondant au maximum d'enlèvement de matière pour une densité de courant donnée.The motor 33 is connected to the digital control of the machine. Thanks to a servomechanism and a control circuit of known type, such as those described in European application 281.512, the frequency of rotation of the motor 33 (and therefore of the device of the present invention) is adjusted according to the variation of the instantaneous voltage U of each spark burst between i the tool electrode 1 and the workpiece. This makes it possible to rotate the tool 1 at maximum speed while avoiding machining faults and degradation of the dielectric bathing the machining area, but having a degree of pollution of the machining slot sufficient high so that the removal of material is as high as possible for the current density used, but slightly lower than that which would cause the deterioration of the conditions of the machining or even its complete stop, as a result of the destruction of the dielectric. This device makes it possible to obtain the optimum speed of rotation, corresponding to the maximum material removal for a given current density.
De nombreuses variantes sont évidemment possibles. Ainsi, comme déjà mentionné, le moteur 33 actionnant la rotation de la broche 6 dans le corps de broche 10 peut être monté dans ce dernier. Dans ce cas, la courroie 35 peut être supprimée (ainsi que tout l'élément de liaison 36), le moteur 33 actionnant directement le pignon 41 de la broche 6.Many variations are obviously possible. Thus, as already mentioned, the motor 33 actuating the rotation of the spindle 6 in the spindle body 10 can be mounted in the latter. In this case, the belt 35 can be omitted (as well as the entire connecting element 36), the motor 33 directly actuating the pinion 41 of the spindle 6.
Dans le cas d'un moteur 33 extérieur, les griffes 34 et 37 assurant sa liaison avec l'élément 36 peuvent être remplacées par d'autres systèmes connus, telle une liaison magnétique.In the case of an external motor 33, the claws 34 and 37 ensuring its connection with the element 36 can be replaced by other known systems, such as a magnetic connection.
Le corps de broche pourrait être fixé sur la tête d'usinage par d'autres systèmes connus, automatiques ou non, que les pièces d'accouplements 20 à 22.The spindle body could be fixed to the machining head by other known systems, automatic or not, than the coupling parts 20 to 22.
Il est aussi possible de prévoir d'autres systèmes de fixation du porte-outil dans la broche, ou de la broche au corps de broche ou encore du corps de broche â la fixation 20. Toutefois, on a vu qu'il est avantageux de prévoir des fixations permettant un vérouillage et un dévérouillage automatique (actionné grâce â la commande numérique et à des moyens hydrauliques ou pneumatiques ou encore électriques ou magnétiques) entre le corps de broche et sa pièce d'accouplement et la tête d'usinage, d'une part, et entre le porte-outil et la broche, d'autre part.It is also possible to provide other systems for fixing the tool holder in the spindle, or from the spindle to the spindle body or even from the spindle body to the fixing 20. However, it has been seen that it is advantageous to provide fasteners for automatic locking and unlocking (activated by digital control and by hydraulic or pneumatic or electric or magnetic means) between the spindle body and its coupling part and the machining head, on the one hand, and between the tool holder and the spindle, on the other.
En particulier, on peut utiliser pour fixer le porte-outil 5 dans la broche 6 l'une des variantes décrites dans le brevet CH 572.787 ou tout autre système connu, telle une fixation â billes et douilles de blocage. On peut aussi envisager d'autres moyens que l'écrou 51 pour maintenir l'injecteur annulaire 50, la pince 2 et l'outil 1 dans le porte-outil 5.In particular, one can use to fix the tool holder 5 in the spindle 6 one of the variants described in patent CH 572,787 or any other known system, such as a fixing with balls and blocking sleeves. One can also consider other means than the nut 51 to hold the annular injector 50, the clamp 2 and the tool 1 in the tool holder 5.
Le plan des circuits de liquide de refroidissement présentés par la broche et le porte-outil peuvent être différents de ceux illustrés dans l'exemple précédent.The plan of the coolant circuits presented by the spindle and the tool holder can be different from those illustrated in the previous example.
Au lieu de tourner avec la broche 6, la pièce de protection 44 peut être montée sur le corps de broche 10 et rester immpbile lors de la rotation de la broche 6.Instead of rotating with the spindle 6, the protective piece 44 can be mounted on the spindle body 10 and remain immobile when the spindle 6 is rotated.
D'autres variantes peuvent se révéler très avantageuses. Par exemple, surtout lorsque l'électrode-outil n'est plus une fine tige, cet outil peut être percé de canaux permettant de l'irriguer plus efficacement afin d'éviter son êchauffement. Dans ce cas, il peut être avantageux de prévoir une pince 2 présentant un canal central communiquant avec un canal central percé dans l'extrémité de l'outil enserré dans cette pince.Other variants can prove to be very advantageous. For example, especially when the tool electrode is no longer a thin rod, this tool can be pierced with channels allowing it to be irrigated more effectively in order to avoid overheating. In this case, it may be advantageous to provide a clamp 2 having a central channel communicating with a central channel pierced in the end of the tool enclosed in this clamp.
Il est aussi possible, comme décrit dans le brevet CH 572.787, que le porte-outil 5 présente un têton latéral venant coopérer avec une butée ménagée sur la broche 6 pour permettre de lui donner (ainsi qu'à l'outil 1), une position angulaire déterminée par rapport à la tête d'usinage. On peut ainsi positionner le porte-outil (et donc l'outil) dans son logement avec une haute précision, aussi bien en ce qui concerne son centrage que sa position angulaire. Rappelons que ce type de fixation permet de contrôler la force de serrage et d'effectuer des vérouillages rapides et efficaces. Le nettoyage des différentes pièces est facile. On obtient ainsi des précisions maximales dans toutes les conditions de fonctionnement. De plus la force de serrage est suffisamment faible pour que les déformations après serrage soient négligeables. Elle est sensiblement constante, ce qui permet, à chaque mise en place d'un nouveau porte-outil, d'obtenir une position rigoureusement définie.It is also possible, as described in patent CH 572,787, that the tool holder 5 has a lateral pin coming to cooperate with a stop formed on the spindle 6 to allow it to be given (as with tool 1), a angular position determined with respect to the machining head. We can thus position the tool holder (and therefore the tool) in its housing with high precision, both in terms of its centering and its angular position. Remember that this type of fastening allows you to control the tightening force and to perform fast and effective interlocks. Cleaning the different parts is easy. Maximum precision is thus obtained under all operating conditions. In addition, the clamping force is low enough that the deformations after tightening are negligible. It is substantially constant, which allows, with each installation of a new tool holder, to obtain a rigorously defined position.
Comme exposé auparavant, le porte-outil et le dispositif avec broche tournante selon la présente invention sont particulièrement précieux en fraisage EDM.As explained above, the tool holder and the device with a rotating spindle according to the present invention are particularly valuable in EDM milling.
Les broches tournantes selon la présente invention sont en général munies de moyens permettant de régler leur fréquence de rotation (et donc celle de l'électrode) , par exemple en l'asservissant de manière à contrôler le taux d'étincelles à bas niveau et d'étincelles éjectées et d'usiner à la vitesse de rotation optimale correspondant au maximum d'enlèvement de matière pour une densité de courant d'usinage donnée, comme décrit dans EP 281.512 et ceci sans qu'il y ait de défauts de surface.The rotary spindles according to the present invention are generally provided with means making it possible to adjust their rotation frequency (and therefore that of the electrode), for example by slaving it so as to control the rate of sparks at low level and d 'sparks ejected and machined at the optimum rotational speed corresponding to the maximum material removal for a given machining current density, as described in EP 281.512, without any surface defects.
Il est ainsi possible non seulement de combiner le mouvement d'avance de l'électrode-outil le long de la trajectoire d'usinage avec un mouvement angulaire tangentiel à la surface d'usinage ou avec un mouvement linéaire parallèle à cette surface, mais aussi d'associer ces trois types de mouvements. On peut ainsi combiner une rotation de l'électrode, tangentielle à la surface usinée, à un mouvement de va-et-vient parallèle à son axe de rotation (et donc à cette surface) . On sait aussi que l'électrode peut également, tout en tournant sur elle-même, effectuer une deuxième rotation autour d'un axe parallèle (axe C) â l'axe de cette première rotation. Ces divers mouvements rotatifs ou linéaires peuvent également être associés à diverses pulsations, vibrations, oscillations de l'électrode, telles, par exemple, que les microtrajectoires décrites dans le brevet suisse 646.894, ainsi qu'à divers mouvements de va- et-vient linéaires ou angulaires. Il est aussi possible de mouvoir linéairement ou angulairement la pièce à usiner relativement à l'électrode-outil 1, réalisant ainsi un "tournage EDM" au lieu d'un "fraisage EDM".It is thus possible not only to combine the advance movement of the tool electrode along the machining path with an angular movement tangential to the machining surface or with a linear movement parallel to this surface, but also to associate these three types of movements. It is thus possible to combine a rotation of the electrode, tangential to the machined surface, with a back-and-forth movement parallel to its axis of rotation (and therefore to this surface). We also know that the electrode can also, while rotating on itself, perform a second rotation around an axis parallel (axis C) to the axis of this first rotation. These various rotary or linear movements can also be associated with various pulsations, vibrations, oscillations of the electrode, such, for example, as the microtrajectories described in Swiss patent 646,894, as well as various linear back and forth movements. or angular. It is also possible to move the workpiece linearly or angularly relative to the tool electrode 1, thus performing "EDM turning" instead of "EDM milling".
On l'a vu ci-dessus, l'un des principaux avantages de la présente invention est de permettre de travailler avec une densité de courantAs seen above, one of the main advantages of the present invention is that it makes it possible to work with a current density
2 d'usinage inusitée en EDM, c'est-à-dire supérieure à lOA/cm , de2 unusual machining in EDM, i.e. greater than 10A / cm, of
2 2 préférence supérieure à 50A/cm , et pouvant atteindre 100 A/cm .2 2 preferably greater than 50A / cm, and up to 100 A / cm.
Ceci permet, en particulier, non seulement de forer ou de percer des trous circulaires, d'aléser et de polir comme cela était déjà possible en EDM avec des électrodes-outil rotatives connues, mais aussi de réaliser un véritable "fraisage" par étincelage érosif.This allows, in particular, not only to drill or drill circular holes, to bore and to polish as was already possible in EDM with known rotary tool electrodes, but also to achieve a real "milling" by erosive sparking .
Avec une électrode de forme très simple on peut maintenant usiner des formes très compliquées. Surtout, grâce à cette densité de courant élevée, on peut usiner des pièces de grandes dimensions avec des électrodes de petites dimensions, contrairement à l'êlectroérosion traditionnelle où l'électrode-outil a sensiblement le même volume que l'empreinte à éroder.With an electrode of very simple shape we can now machine very complicated shapes. Above all, thanks to this high current density, it is possible to machine large parts with small electrodes, unlike traditional spark erosion where the tool electrode has substantially the same volume as the imprint to be eroded.
Etant de formes simples, ces électrodes peuvent être fabriquées en série, de façon analogue aux fils-électrode déjà connus. Ceci permet un progrès considérable par rapport à l'électrode traditionnelle d'enfonçage fabriquée sur mesure pour chaque usinage particulier.Being simple shapes, these electrodes can be produced in series, in a similar way to the already known electrode wires. This allows considerable progress compared to the traditional driving electrode made to measure for each particular machining.
On peut même réaliser des formes qu'on ne pouvait obtenir que très difficilement en fraisage classique, telles des rainures en T, par exemple, ou des moules pour parois de renfort ou d'autres profils comportant des évidements longs et étroits, réalisés dans des plaques en acier trempé. En effet, selon la présente invention on peut utiliser en fraisage EDM des électrodes-outil longues et étroites, alors que les outils de fraisage conventionnel doivent être massifs pour être efficaces, car sinon on est obligé de fraiser trop lentement pour éviter de casser l'outil. De plus, toute forme d'électrode-outil peut être adaptée sur le dispositif de la présente invention. Ce dernier permet en effet de piloter la fréquence de rotation d'une électrode-outil quelles que soient les dimensions et la forme de cette dernière, sans nécessiter aucun changement de programmation.We can even make shapes that could only be obtained with great difficulty in conventional milling, such as T-slots, for example, or molds for reinforcement walls or other profiles with long and narrow recesses, made in hardened steel plates. Indeed, according to the present invention, EDM milling tools can be used long and narrow, while conventional milling tools must be massive to be effective, because otherwise one is forced to mill too slowly to avoid breaking the tool. In addition, any form of tool electrode can be adapted on the device of the present invention. The latter makes it possible to control the frequency of rotation of a tool electrode regardless of the dimensions and the shape of the latter, without requiring any programming change.
Donc , grâce à la stabilité et la fiabilité apportée à l'usinage par le dispositif de la présente invention et également grâce à sa simplicité, ce dispositif contribue à automatiser facilement et de façon très satisfaisante un fraisage EDM â grande vitesse. Therefore, thanks to the stability and reliability brought to the machining by the device of the present invention and also thanks to its simplicity, this device contributes to automate easily and very satisfactorily EDM milling at high speed.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Porte-outil pour entraîner un outil en rotation â grande vitesse présentant1. Tool holder for driving a rotating tool at high speed having
- une extrémité en forme de volume de révolution munie de moyens d'accrochage à une broche exerçant une force de serrage apte à le fixer de manière rigide,one end in the form of a volume of revolution provided with means for hooking to a spindle exerting a clamping force capable of rigidly fixing it,
- un alésage en forme de volume de révolution dans lequel est engagée une pince au profil approprié pour s'encastrer dans cet alésage tout en fixant de manière rigide l'extrémité de l'électrode,a bore in the form of a volume of revolution in which a clamp with the appropriate profile is engaged in order to fit into this bore while rigidly fixing the end of the electrode,
- une chambre d'injection communiquant avec cet alésage et reliée par des canaux radiaux â une amenée de liquide, la pince présentant des rainures radiales destinées à amener un liquide de refroidissement de la chambre d'injection à la surface de l'outil enserré dans cette pince,- An injection chamber communicating with this bore and connected by radial channels to a liquid supply, the clamp having radial grooves intended to bring a coolant from the injection chamber to the surface of the tool enclosed in this clip,
- un injecteur annulaire maintenant la pince au fond de l'alésage.- an annular injector holding the clamp at the bottom of the bore.
2. Porte-outil selon la revendication 1, dans lequel l'extrémité munie de moyens d'accrochage est conique.2. Tool holder according to claim 1, wherein the end provided with hooking means is conical.
3. Porte-outil selon la revendication 1, dans lequel les moyens d'accrochage ne sont actifs que dans une position angulaire donnée de ce porte-outil par rapport à cette broche.3. Tool holder according to claim 1, wherein the hooking means are only active in a given angular position of this tool holder relative to this spindle.
4. Porte-outil selon la revendication 1, dans lequel la paroi de l'injecteur annulaire en regard de l'outil est espacée d'une distance h de la surface de cet outil, la valeur de cette distance h étant appropriée pour qu'un film de liquide de refroidissement se forme tout autour de l'outil. 4. Tool holder according to claim 1, in which the wall of the annular injector facing the tool is spaced by a distance h from the surface of this tool, the value of this distance h being suitable for a film of coolant forms around the tool.
5. Dispositif avec broche pour fixer et entraîner en rotation à grande vitesse un porte-outil selon la revendication 1, comportant5. Device with spindle for fixing and driving in rotation at high speed a tool holder according to claim 1, comprising
- un corps de broche présentant un organe de fixation destiné à le relier de manière rigide à l'élément mobile d'une tête d'usinage ou à un élément fixateur intermédiaire monté sur cet élément mobile,- a spindle body having a fixing member intended to rigidly connect it to the mobile element of a machining head or to an intermediate fixing element mounted on this mobile element,
- une broche tournante présentant a) un alésage destiné à recevoir l'extrémité du porte-outil, b) des organes de serrage destinés à exercer sur le porte- outil une force dirigée vers le fond de cet alésage, c) un circuit étanche destiné â canaliser un liquide de refroidissement, relié par un canal d'arrivée de faible diamètre traversant le corps de broche â une sortie de liquide ménagée dans l'élément mobile de la tête d'usinage ou dans l'élément fixateur intermédiaire monté sur cet élément mobile, et relié aussi â une chambre d'injection annulaire communiquant avec l'alésage, un joint d'étanchêïté annulaire de faible diamètre étant monté dans le corps de broche, autour de ce canal d'arrivée, eta rotating spindle having a) a bore intended to receive the end of the tool holder, b) clamping members intended to exert on the tool holder a force directed towards the bottom of this bore, c) a sealed circuit intended â channel coolant, connected by a small diameter inlet channel passing through the spindle body to a liquid outlet in the movable element of the machining head or in the intermediate fixing element mounted on this element movable, and also connected to an annular injection chamber communicating with the bore, an annular seal of small diameter being mounted in the spindle body, around this inlet channel, and
- un moteur rotatif destiné à entraîner la broche en révolution autour de son axe de symétrie à raison de plusieurs milliers de tours/minute.- a rotary motor intended to drive the spindle in revolution around its axis of symmetry at the rate of several thousand revolutions / minute.
6. Dispositif selon la revendication 5, dans lequel l'alésage destiné à recevoir l'extrémité du porte-outil est conique.6. Device according to claim 5, wherein the bore for receiving the end of the tool holder is conical.
7. Dispositif pour usinage électrique, en particulier pour fraisage ou tournage par électroérosion , selon la revendication 5, dans lequel le corps de broche est muni d'au moins deux charbons pressés contre le canal d'arrivée du liquide de refroidissement par des organes de rappel et destinés à alimenter l'ensemble broche/porte-outil/outil en courant d'usinage. 7. Device for electrical machining, in particular for milling or turning by electroerosion, according to claim 5, in which the spindle body is provided with at least two coals pressed against the coolant inlet channel by means of return and intended to supply the spindle / tool holder / tool assembly with machining current.
8. Dispositif selon la revendication 5, dans lequel le moteur rotatif est monté dans le corps de broche et actionne un pignon monté sur la broche tournante.8. Device according to claim 5, in which the rotary motor is mounted in the spindle body and actuates a pinion mounted on the rotating spindle.
9. Dispositif selon la revendication 5, dans lequel le moteur rotatif est monté sur l'élément mobile de la tête d'usinage, et le corps de broche muni d'un élément de liaison comportant une courroie de transmission reliant le moteur et la broche.9. Device according to claim 5, in which the rotary motor is mounted on the movable element of the machining head, and the spindle body provided with a connecting element comprising a transmission belt connecting the motor and the spindle. .
10. Dispositif selon la revendication 9, dans lequel l'élément de liaison est muni de moyens, tels des systèmes à griffes ou des organes magnétiques, destinés à coopérer avec des moyens correspondants placés sous le moteur rotatif.10. Device according to claim 9, wherein the connecting element is provided with means, such as claw systems or magnetic members, intended to cooperate with corresponding means placed under the rotary motor.
11. Dispositif pour fraisage par êlectroérosion selon la revendication 5, dans lequel le moteur rotatif est réglable de manière à asservir la vitesse de rotation de la broche à la variation d'un paramètre mesurée en cours d'usinage.11. Device for milling by electroerosion according to claim 5, in which the rotary motor is adjustable so as to control the rotation speed of the spindle to the variation of a parameter measured during machining.
12. Dispositif selon la revendication 5, dans lequel le moteur rotatif est muni d'un encodeur, destiné à positionner la broche et/ou le porte-outil dans une position angulaire donnée.12. Device according to claim 5, wherein the rotary motor is provided with an encoder, intended to position the spindle and / or the tool holder in a given angular position.
13. Dispositif selon la revendication 5 munie d'un porte-outil selon la revendication 1.13. Device according to claim 5 provided with a tool holder according to claim 1.
14. Procédé pour changer un outil monté dans un porte-outil selon la revendication 1, sur une machine d'usinage â commande numérique, dans lequel un bras-robot14. Method for changing a tool mounted in a tool holder according to claim 1, on a numerically controlled machining machine, in which a robot arm
- saisit un dispositif selon la revendication 5 muni de cet ensemble outil/porte-outil, tandis qu'un signal approprié émis par la commande numérique dêvêrouille ce dispositif de sa fixation sur la tête d'usinage, - le transporte à un magasin d'accessoires placé â côté de la machine à usiner, puis choisit sur ce magasin un autre dispositif selon la revendication 5 muni d'un nouvel ensemble outil/porte-outil, et- picks up a device according to claim 5 provided with this tool / tool holder assembly, while an appropriate signal emitted by the digital control unlocks this device from its attachment to the machining head, - transports it to an accessory store located next to the machine, then chooses on this store another device according to claim 5 provided with a new tool / tool holder assembly, and
- l'amène en regard de la fixation sur la tête d'usinage, tandis que la commande numérique émet un signal approprié pour le vérouiller dans cette fixation.- brings it opposite the attachment on the machining head, while the digital control emits an appropriate signal to lock it in this attachment.
15. Procédé pour changer un outil monté dans un porte-outil selon la revendication 1, sur une machine d'usinage à commande numérique, dans lequel un bras-robot15. Method for changing a tool mounted in a tool holder according to claim 1, on a numerically controlled machining machine, in which a robot arm
- saisit un dispositif selon la revendication 5 muni de cet ensemble outil/porte-outil, tandis qu'un signal approprié émis par la commande numérique dêvêrouille ce dispositif de sa fixation sur la tête d'usinage,- picks up a device according to claim 5 provided with this tool / tool holder assembly, while an appropriate signal emitted by the digital control unlocks this device from its attachment to the machining head,
- le transporte dans un râtelier agencé pour maintenir le porte- outil, tandis qu'un signal approprié est émis par la commande numérique et dêvêrouille le porte-outil de la broche tournante, puis- transports it in a rack arranged to hold the tool holder, while an appropriate signal is emitted by the digital control and unlocks the tool holder from the rotating spindle, then
- amène le dispositif en regard d'un deuxième porte-outil selon la revendication 1 garni d'un deuxième outil tandis qu'un signal approprié est émis par la commande numérique pour vérouiller ce porte-outil à la broche tournante, puis- brings the device opposite a second tool holder according to claim 1 furnished with a second tool while an appropriate signal is emitted by the digital control to lock this tool holder with the rotating spindle, then
- ramène le dispositif en regard de sa fixation sur la tête d'usinage tandis qu'un signal approprié est émis par la commande numérique pour le vérouiller dans cette fixation.- brings the device next to its attachment to the machining head while an appropriate signal is emitted by the digital control to lock it in this attachment.
16. Procédé pour rafraîchir un outil émoussé monté dans un porte- outil selon la revendication 1, sur une machine d'usinage à commande numérique, dans lequel un bras-robot coopère avec un système de verouillage et deverouillage automatique, qui fixe un dispositif selon la revendication 5 sur l'élément mobile de la tête d'usinage, et qui est actionné par des signaux appropriés émis par la commande numérique de manière à :16. Method for cooling a blunt tool mounted in a tool holder according to claim 1, on a numerically controlled machining machine, in which a robot arm cooperates with a automatic locking and unlocking system, which fixes a device according to claim 5 on the movable element of the machining head, and which is actuated by suitable signals emitted by the digital control so as to:
- démonter le dispositif muni de cet ensemble outil/porte- outil, de sa fixation sur l'élément mobile de la tête d'usinage,- dismantle the device fitted with this tool / tool holder assembly and its attachment to the movable element of the machining head,
- le transporter à une station de rafraîchissement, puis- transport it to a refreshment station, then
- le ramener et le vérouiller à nouveau dans cette fixation. - bring it back and lock it again in this fixing.
PCT/CH1990/000081 1989-03-29 1990-03-27 Tool-holder and high-speed spindle WO1990011159A1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP50486190A JPH04504983A (en) 1990-03-27 1990-03-27 Tool holder and rapid rotation spindle
BR909006030A BR9006030A (en) 1990-03-27 1990-03-27 TOOL HOLDER TO LOAD A HIGH SPEED ROTATING TOOL, SPINDLE DEVICE TO FIX AND LOAD A HIGH SPEED ROTATING TOOL HOLDER, PROCESS TO CHANGE A FITTED TOOL TOOL TOOL TOOL TOOL

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH1128/89-0 1989-03-29
CH112889 1989-03-29

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WO1990011159A1 true WO1990011159A1 (en) 1990-10-04

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US5281788A (en) * 1991-12-17 1994-01-25 Sodick Co., Ltd. Electroerosion boring apparatus
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US5281788A (en) * 1991-12-17 1994-01-25 Sodick Co., Ltd. Electroerosion boring apparatus
EP0579371A1 (en) * 1992-06-17 1994-01-19 Makino Milling Machine Co. Ltd. A method and an apparatus for machining a workpiece
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EP0618030A1 (en) * 1993-03-30 1994-10-05 Nt Tool Kabushikikaisha Oil feeding collet chuck and its collet
EP0642866A1 (en) * 1993-09-10 1995-03-15 Charmilles Technologies S.A. Device for supplying current to a rotating element and its application in electroerosion machining
US5561336A (en) * 1993-09-10 1996-10-01 Charmilles Technologies, S.A. Device for supplying electric current to a rotating part and its application in EDM
WO2018167222A1 (en) * 2017-03-17 2018-09-20 Fives Machining Compact electric chuck
FR3063922A1 (en) * 2017-03-17 2018-09-21 Fives Machining COMPACT ELECTRO-SPINDLE
CN110430970A (en) * 2017-03-17 2019-11-08 法孚集团 The electro spindle of compact

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