Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
  • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
  • A61M5/14—Infusion devices, e.g. infusing by gravity; Blood infusion; Accessories therefor
  • A61M5/142—Pressure infusion, e.g. using pumps
  • A61M5/145—Pressure infusion, e.g. using pumps using pressurised reservoirs, e.g. pressurised by means of pistons
  • A61M5/1452—Pressure infusion, e.g. using pumps using pressurised reservoirs, e.g. pressurised by means of pistons pressurised by means of pistons
  • A61M5/14526—Pressure infusion, e.g. using pumps using pressurised reservoirs, e.g. pressurised by means of pistons pressurised by means of pistons the piston being actuated by fluid pressure
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
  • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
  • A61M5/14—Infusion devices, e.g. infusing by gravity; Blood infusion; Accessories therefor
  • A61M5/142—Pressure infusion, e.g. using pumps
  • A61M5/145—Pressure infusion, e.g. using pumps using pressurised reservoirs, e.g. pressurised by means of pistons
  • A61M2005/14513—Pressure infusion, e.g. using pumps using pressurised reservoirs, e.g. pressurised by means of pistons with secondary fluid driving or regulating the infusion
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
  • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
  • A61M5/14—Infusion devices, e.g. infusing by gravity; Blood infusion; Accessories therefor
  • A61M5/142—Pressure infusion, e.g. using pumps
  • A61M5/145—Pressure infusion, e.g. using pumps using pressurised reservoirs, e.g. pressurised by means of pistons
  • A61M5/1452—Pressure infusion, e.g. using pumps using pressurised reservoirs, e.g. pressurised by means of pistons pressurised by means of pistons
  • A61M5/1456—Pressure infusion, e.g. using pumps using pressurised reservoirs, e.g. pressurised by means of pistons pressurised by means of pistons with a replaceable reservoir comprising a piston rod to be moved into the reservoir, e.g. the piston rod is part of the removable reservoir

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a pump intended for automatic and slow drainage of a vial containing a solution, preferably a medical solution.
• the drainage is performed during time period adapted and predetermined for the intended use.
• Parenteral medicaments might be administered intramuscularly or intravenously to the patient.
• the intravenous treatment might be performed through a continous infusion, intermittent infusion or a so called bolus-injection.
• the continous injection gives the disadvantage that the vessels are exposed for a very long time to the administered drug, which increases the risk of thrombophlebitis. Further, substances such as penicillines are unsuitable for continous infusion because they are not stable in solution and therefor might become inactive during the infusion.
• the intermittent infusion is continued for a shorter time period, e.g. 30 to 60 minutes.
• a bolus-injection is an injection which is continued for about 3 to 5 minutes and where the solution injected has a higher concentration of the drug than is the case with the intermittent infusion solution.
• the active drug which is kept in a glas bottle, is in the case of the bolus-injection dissolved in sterile water by suction of the water in a first step from a glas bottle with the aid of a syringe and a suction cannula.
• the water is sprayed into the glas bottle containing the active drug and a solution water-drug is obtained.
• a positive pressure is often obtained in the glass bottle resulting in leakage of the active drug. This creates a great risk for the personnel from a sensibilisation point of view.
• the solution is sucked back into the syringe from the the glass bottle and after the exchange of the cannula the drug might be injected in a vein during 3 to 5 minutes. This procedure gives the disadvantage that the nurse is bound to the sickbed during the injection procedure.
• an adapter is used in the currently used administration procedures for the transfer of a sterile powder to an infusion plastic bag with for example 100 ml phys. sodium chloride, whereupon an infusion aggregate is coupled to the patient for the administration of the dissolved drug.
• This way of administration leads to high costs for the non-returnable material used in the administration, which costs often greatly exceed the cost of the drug itself.
• an automatic syringe which contains both a medical solution and a driving device for the continuous injection lasting for 48 to 72 hours.
• the device is small and is adapted to be carried by the patient during the whole injection process without much inconvenience.
• a driving spring biases a piston in the direction of a partition wall with a throttle valve between two chambers, whereby a viscous liquid slowly flows from the one chamber into the second.
• the second chamber is restricted by a movable piston, which by the viscous liquid is forced against the medical solution, which thereby is injected slowly into the patient.
• US-A- 3 474 787 is disclosed a manually managed, syringe aimed at a timely shorter injection and wherein the content of an injection vial is emptied with a speed that is manually adjustable.
• the drainage is performed by the action of a pressure spring which biases a piston in the direction of the vial such that a pumping liquid by the piston is forced through a conduit including a valve arrangement from the front chamber in front of the piston to the back chamber behind the same.
• the movement of the piston is transferred to the output piston of the vial so that output and injection of the solution take place.
• a driving unit of a syringe which driving unit comprises two displaceable pistons each in one cylindrical chamber.
• the chambers communicate with each other though a piping, which contains a pressure regulator, a flow regulator and a needle valve.
• One of the pistons is connected to a driving arm for the output piston of the syringe.
• a spring biases one of the pistons against a driving liquid, which adjustably slowly flows through the connection between the chambers and drives the other piston on in front.
• a special security device is arranged in order to guarantee that the driving arm of the output piston of the syringe stops in case of a leakage or the like.
• the object of the present invention is to solve the above problems by an infusion pump, which provides a safe, controlled, automatic and slow drainage of a liquid-containing vial. Moreover, the infusion pump, thanks to its simple constructive de- sign, offers an administration method preferably for intermittent infusion, which offers reduced costs for the medical service.
• an infusion pump of the kind discussed in the preamble of this application, which is characterised in that the pump comprises a closed pump housing within which a pumping liquid is arranged to flow through a throttle valve provided between a first and a second chamber in the pump housing.
• the first chamber is on the one side restricted by one side of pump piston, which is reciprocable within a piston cylinder, and which pump piston for the discharge of the solution is arranged to be driven by a vacuum on the other side of the pump piston.
• the pump piston of the infusion pump is thus driven by a vacuum formed behind the piston when the pump is loaded.
• the pump housing is thus on the oppoosite side of the piston divided into two chambers, both of which are filled with pumping liquid, which might flow through a control valve in both directions between the chambers.
• the wall of one of the chambers is restricted by a flexible membrane, which creates a variability of the inner volume of the chamber and thus a variability of the amount of pumping liquid contained in the chamber.
• the pump according to the invention has the advantage, in opposite to previous constructions, of being completely safe if a leakage or breakage should occur in the construction.
• the pump can cooperate with an ordinary syringe, which is well known by medical staff both from a functional as well as from a handling point of view, but also other types of vials are possible for cooperation with the pump.
• an infusion tube with cannula is attached from the syringe to the patient, whereby the infusion is started.
• scale marks the personnel at any time might read how much of the medicament is given.
• vial is ment different types of closed containers, containing a solution, with or without a piston reciprocable in the container for output the solution.
• the time consumed for drainage of the syringe or the vial is determined by the form of the flow valve and the size of the valve body. Different valve body sizes corresond to different infusion times, which means that no work is demanded from the medical staff for adjusting of the output flow, unlike the systems currently used, which demand a considerable effort from the personnel in order to obtain an intended infustion rate. A system which according to the invention does not have to be adjusted leads a safe system, since no adjustement errors can occur because of the human factor.
• the drainage might suitably be performed during a time period of 30 och 60 minutes but also infusion periods of abot 24 hours are of intetrest, e.g. in anestesia.
• the pump might be used without an external source of energy, which is an advantage when moving patients or if the patient stays at home.
• the pump is easy to handle and to load and the infusion can easily be stopped by removing the syringe from the pump.
• the infusion pump according to the present invention is suitable for autoclave treatment or sterilisation with damp, which is a great advantage regarding to infectious deseases, e.g. in an infectious clinic. Short description of the drawings.
• Fig. 1 shows a side view of the infusion pump in unloaded position without any mounted vial or syringe
• Fig. 2 shows a sectional view of the infusion pump according to Fig. 1 with the pump in loaded position and with a mounted syringe therein
• Fig. 3 shows the infusion pump according to Fig. 2 in a position of current output
• Fig. 4 shows the infusion pump according to Fig. 1 from
• Fig. 5 shows the infusion pump according to Fig. 1 from below;
• Fig. 6 shows a sectional view of an alternative embodiment of the infusion pump.
• Figs. 1 - 5 show a first embodiment of the infusion pump according to the invention, which comprises a pump housing 2 in the extension of which is provided a loading housing 4 with two diametrically opposed and longitudinal openings 6.
• the outer end of the loading housing is externally provided with a groove 8 for the cooperation with an internal fold 10 on a removable and exchangeable syringe adapter 12.
• the syringe adapter 12 is a carrier for an ordinary syringe, whereby an internal gripping groove 16 is of a size and has a diameter corresponding to the gripp 18 of a specific syringe so that the syringe might be fixed in the syringe adapter, when it has been introduced
• the cross section of the adapter 12 has an extension which is less than half a circle in order to be able to lock the oval gripp 18 of the syringe in the adapter.
• the oval grip 18 thus has to be turned a little to be able to pass through the opening in the adapter, since the maximum width of the grip 18 is larger than the opening of the adapter.
• a number of syringe adapters 12, which are identical besides the size of the gripping groove 16 exists as accessories to the infusion pump in order to be exchangeably mountable on the loading housing 4.
• the infusion pump can be adapted to another size of syringe by a mere exchange of the adapter 12.
• the pump housing 2 comprises a piston cyinder 20 in which a pump piston 22 with a surrounding piston gasket 24 is reciprocable.
• the pump piston 22 is on one side provided with a piston rod 26, which passes through an inlet 28 in the bottom of the piston cylinder.
• a shaft gasket 30, preferably an O-ring of teflon, is provided in the inlet 28 in order to sealingly abut the piston rod 26 at its movement back and forth through the inlet 28.
• a threaded adjustment screw 32 In the end of the piston shaft 26, which in all possible positions of the piston is located outside the piston cylinder 20 in the loading housing 4, is mounted a threaded adjustment screw 32.
• the adjustement screw 32 shall after adjustement and fine setting abut the thumbplate 34 of the syringe monuted in the infusion pump.
• the adjustement screw 32 is fluted around the periphery and is easily accesible for adjustement from both ways through the longitudinal openings 6.
• a strap 62 is stretched from the adjustement screw 32 around the pump housing 2 and back to the adjustement screw 32 and thereby forms an aid for the loading of the pump, which will be described in more detail below.
• the pump housing 2 further comprises, on the side of the pump piston 22 opposite the piston rod 26, a first 36 and a second 38 chamber, which both are filled with a pumping liquid 40, preferably silicon oil, and which chambers 36, 38 are separaed by a throttle valve 42.
• the internal volume of the first chamber 36 varies from a minimum to a maximum by the displacement of the pump piston 22 in the piston cylinder 20.
• the internal volume of the second chamber 38 varies in that one of the walls of the chamber 38 is formed by a flexible membrane 44, so that a minimum volume is obtained when the membrane wall is concave and a maximum volume is obtained when the membrane wall is forced out to a convex position.
• the outer end of the pump housing 2 is covered by a protective cover 46, in which an air opening 48 is provided for air flowing in and out upon changing of the form of the membrane wall 44.
• a suspension clamp 50 is fastened between the outer end of the pump housing 2 and the protective cover 46, whereby the clamp in one position is retracted against the protective cover inside the outer edge of the pump housing and in an extended position perpendicular to the protective cover is meant to be an aid for the suspension of the pump above the patient.
• the throttle valve 42 comprises a valve housing 52 with a cylindrical valve chute 54, the valve chute being provided with a first opening 56 towards the first chamber 36 and a second opening 58 towards the second chamber 38.
• a cylindrical valve body 60 one end of which being planar and the other end being conical, is slideably arranged in the valve chute 54 between two extreme positions (I and II).
• the diameter of the cylindrical valve body 60 is less than the diameter of the valve chute 54, which means that a narrow cylindrical gap 64 is formed around the valve body when it is situated in position I. It is the size of this gap 64 that determines the time consumed for the drainage of the content of the syringe 14.
• A. stop means (not shown) is arranged in the valve chute 54 at the planar end of the valve body in position II. Because the valve body is stopped in this position (II) a space is formed for pumping liquid 40 behind the planar end portion of the valve body.
• the infusion pump works in the following way:
• the infusion pump is loaded by the user pulling the strap 62 at the protective cover 46 so that piston rod 26 and pump piston 22 is forced into the piston cylinder 20.
• the pump piston 22 thereby forces pumping liquid 40 from the first chamber 36 through the first opening 56 in the valve housing 52.
• the pumping liquid urges the valve body 60 from position I to position II where it is stopped against the stop means in the valve chute 54.
• the pumping liquid 40 now might flow further past the conical end of the valve body 60 and out through the second opening 58 to the other chamber 38, into which the flexible membrane 44 is pushed.
• the pump piston has reached its end position in the piston cylinder the pump is completely loaded and the injection syringe 14 can be mounted.
• the syringe adapter 12 suitable for the syringe 14 is put on the groove 8 of the loading housing and the oval grip 18 of the syringe is tilted a little and is introduced into the adapter opening and is locked in the gripping groove 16.
• the adjustement screw 32 is adjusted so that it abuts the thumbplate 34 of the syringe, the syringe is connected through a tube and a cannula to the patient and the complete equipment is suspended in the suspension bracket 50.
• the device is now iready for administration of the drug solution, which is contained in the syringe, by an output operation driven by the vacuum pressure formed behind the pump piston during the loading of the infusion pump.
• the pumping liquid 40 thereby tends to flow from the second chamber 38 via the second opening 58 where the liquid pressure acts on the end portion of the valve body 60 so that the complete valve body 60 is displaced to position I.
• the pumping liquid 40 thereby flows slowly through the cylindrical gap 64 and out through the first opening 56 to the first chamber 36.
• the pump piston 22 is pressed by pumping liquid equally slow outwards in the piston cylinder 20, whereby this movment is transferred via the piston rod 26 to the piston of the syringe 14, which expels the drug solution.
• the infusion pump will stop automatically.
• the device is freed from the patient whereupon the adjustement screw is threaded inwardly for a short distance in order to facilitate the release of the empty syringe.
• the grip of the syringe is tilted slightly in order to be able to be passed through the opening of the adapter of the syringe, whereupon the syringe is taken out of the loading housing.
• a rapid adjustment device 66 which is an alternative to the adjustement screw.
• the rapid adjustement device 66 comprises a control button 68, which is displaceable in a sleeve 70 in the pump housing 2.
• the back end of the control button protrudes a short distance beyond the sleeve 70 and its inner end is provided with a magnetic part 72.
• a pressure spring 74 is provided against which bias the control button 68 might be pushed so that the magnet 72 abuts the wall of the valve housin 52.
• valve body 60 which is made of metallic material so that it is maintained by the magnet 72 in position II instead of being displaced by the pumping liquid to position I in the valve chute 54.
• the pumping liquid 40 passes fairly quick from the second chamber 38 and through the valve housing 52 to the first chamber 36 so that the end of the piston rod 26 rapidly can move to the position for the thumbplate 34 of the syringe 14.
• the control button 68 is released and is biased out by the force of the spring, whereby the magnetic force releases the grip of the valve body 60, which immediately is displaced to position I by the liquid pressure, whereby the slow feeding starts.
• scale marks might be provided along the loading housing to make possible a successive reading of the remaining or already injected solution.
• the loading housing might also be provided with one or more lock means, which adjustably might provide a locking function for the movements of the thumb plate at the output. By such a locking function different aomunts of the contents of the sy ringe be feed out automatically instead of the complete content of the syringe.
• the valve body instead of being cylindrical the valve body might for example be shherical.

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• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Hematology (AREA)
• Anesthesiology (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
• Biomedical Technology (AREA)
• Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
• General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Vascular Medicine (AREA)
• Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Public Health (AREA)
• Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
• Infusion, Injection, And Reservoir Apparatuses (AREA)
• External Artificial Organs (AREA)
• Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
• Details Of Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)

Priority Applications (3)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=20373753

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (8)

Cited By (2)

Citations (4)

• 1988
  • 1988-10-27 SE SE8803842A patent/SE464684B/sv not_active IP Right Cessation
• 1989
  • 1989-10-02 CA CA 2000057 patent/CA2000057A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1989-10-24 JP JP51084189A patent/JPH04501367A/ja active Pending
  • 1989-10-24 EP EP19890911637 patent/EP0446212A1/en not_active Ceased
  • 1989-10-24 AU AU44108/89A patent/AU4410889A/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1989-10-24 WO PCT/SE1989/000583 patent/WO1990004422A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
• 1991
  • 1991-04-25 DK DK075891A patent/DK75891A/da unknown
  • 1991-04-26 FI FI912043A patent/FI912043A0/fi not_active Application Discontinuation

Patent Citations (4)

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