WO1990000970A1 - Procede de liaison de matieres plastiques et de materiaux plastiques composites a phase dispersee - Google Patents

Procede de liaison de matieres plastiques et de materiaux plastiques composites a phase dispersee Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1990000970A1
WO1990000970A1 PCT/US1989/003256 US8903256W WO9000970A1 WO 1990000970 A1 WO1990000970 A1 WO 1990000970A1 US 8903256 W US8903256 W US 8903256W WO 9000970 A1 WO9000970 A1 WO 9000970A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
heat
accordance
bonding
points
focussed
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1989/003256
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Henry D. Swartz
Original Assignee
Swartz Henry D
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Swartz Henry D filed Critical Swartz Henry D
Publication of WO1990000970A1 publication Critical patent/WO1990000970A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/18—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/1429—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation characterised by the way of heating the interface
    • B29C65/1432—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation characterised by the way of heating the interface direct heating of the surfaces to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/1429—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation characterised by the way of heating the interface
    • B29C65/1454—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation characterised by the way of heating the interface scanning at least one of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/1429—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation characterised by the way of heating the interface
    • B29C65/1464—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation characterised by the way of heating the interface making use of several radiators
    • B29C65/1467—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation characterised by the way of heating the interface making use of several radiators at the same time, i.e. simultaneous welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
    • B29C65/50—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like
    • B29C65/5042—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like covering both elements to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
    • B29C65/50—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like
    • B29C65/5057—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like positioned between the surfaces to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/122—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/1226—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section comprising at least one bevelled joint-segment
    • B29C66/12261—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section comprising at least one bevelled joint-segment the two joint-segments being bevelled, e.g. the two joint-segments forming a V
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/124—Tongue and groove joints
    • B29C66/1244—Tongue and groove joints characterised by the male part, i.e. the part comprising the tongue
    • B29C66/12443—Tongue and groove joints characterised by the male part, i.e. the part comprising the tongue having the tongue substantially in the middle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/124—Tongue and groove joints
    • B29C66/1246—Tongue and groove joints characterised by the female part, i.e. the part comprising the groove
    • B29C66/12463—Tongue and groove joints characterised by the female part, i.e. the part comprising the groove being tapered
    • B29C66/12464—Tongue and groove joints characterised by the female part, i.e. the part comprising the groove being tapered being V-shaped
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/128—Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/1282—Stepped joint cross-sections comprising at least one overlap joint-segment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/128—Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/1284—Stepped joint cross-sections comprising at least one butt joint-segment
    • B29C66/12841—Stepped joint cross-sections comprising at least one butt joint-segment comprising at least two butt joint-segments
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/13—Single flanged joints; Fin-type joints; Single hem joints; Edge joints; Interpenetrating fingered joints; Other specific particular designs of joint cross-sections not provided for in groups B29C66/11 - B29C66/12
    • B29C66/131—Single flanged joints, i.e. one of the parts to be joined being rigid and flanged in the joint area
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/14—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections the joint having the same thickness as the thickness of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/20—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines
    • B29C66/24—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being closed or non-straight
    • B29C66/242—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being closed or non-straight said joint lines being closed, i.e. forming closed contours
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/20—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines
    • B29C66/24—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being closed or non-straight
    • B29C66/242—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being closed or non-straight said joint lines being closed, i.e. forming closed contours
    • B29C66/2422—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being closed or non-straight said joint lines being closed, i.e. forming closed contours being circular, oval or elliptical
    • B29C66/24221—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being closed or non-straight said joint lines being closed, i.e. forming closed contours being circular, oval or elliptical being circular
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • B29C66/438—Joining sheets for making hollow-walled, channelled structures or multi-tubular articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/53—Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars
    • B29C66/534—Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars
    • B29C66/5346—Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars said single elements being substantially flat
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/54—Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-shells, to form hollow articles, e.g. for making balls, containers; Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-cylinders, to form tubular articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/65—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles with a relative motion between the article and the welding tool
    • B29C66/652—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles with a relative motion between the article and the welding tool moving the welding tool around the fixed article
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/721—Fibre-reinforced materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/723—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/721—Fibre-reinforced materials
    • B29C66/7212—Fibre-reinforced materials characterised by the composition of the fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/721—Fibre-reinforced materials
    • B29C66/7214—Fibre-reinforced materials characterised by the length of the fibres
    • B29C66/72141—Fibres of continuous length
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/92—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools
    • B29C66/929—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools characterized by specific pressure, force, mechanical power or displacement values or ranges
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/94—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the time
    • B29C66/944—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the time by controlling or regulating the time
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/94—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the time
    • B29C66/949—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the time characterised by specific time values or ranges
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/95—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling specific variables not covered by groups B29C66/91 - B29C66/94
    • B29C66/959—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling specific variables not covered by groups B29C66/91 - B29C66/94 characterised by specific values or ranges of said specific variables
    • B29C66/9592—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling specific variables not covered by groups B29C66/91 - B29C66/94 characterised by specific values or ranges of said specific variables in explicit relation to another variable, e.g. X-Y diagrams
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2071/00—Use of polyethers, e.g. PEEK, i.e. polyether-etherketone or PEK, i.e. polyetherketone or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2079/00—Use of polymers having nitrogen, with or without oxygen or carbon only, in the main chain, not provided for in groups B29K2061/00 - B29K2077/00, as moulding material
    • B29K2079/08—PI, i.e. polyimides or derivatives thereof
    • B29K2079/085—Thermoplastic polyimides, e.g. polyesterimides, PEI, i.e. polyetherimides, or polyamideimides; Derivatives thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2081/00—Use of polymers having sulfur, with or without nitrogen, oxygen or carbon only, in the main chain, as moulding material
    • B29K2081/04—Polysulfides, e.g. PPS, i.e. polyphenylene sulfide or derivatives thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2081/00—Use of polymers having sulfur, with or without nitrogen, oxygen or carbon only, in the main chain, as moulding material
    • B29K2081/06—PSU, i.e. polysulfones; PES, i.e. polyethersulfones or derivatives thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/06—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to methods and apparatus for the fuse melting or binding of plastic materials and plastic matrix composite materials.
  • a composite is a resin or resin-like crystalline, amorphous or semi-crystalline matrix in which is embedded wires, fibers, whiskers or flakes typically of carbon, graphite, fiberglass or boron. Reinforcing materials can be long, short, layered, chopped, orderly or random. Typically, layers composed of parallel fibers are oriented and laminated in different directions to produce a stress-free, lightweight, uniform sheet of unusual strength.
  • Reinforced polymer composites can maintain material strength and integrity at continuous source temperatures typically at 400 deg. F. and higher and have substantial usage in the fields of aircraft, automotive structures, construction materials, machine parts and a variety of consumer product constructions as a replacement for metal and wood.
  • intermittent focussed infrared radiant energy is focussed simultaneously on the designated bonding areas on surfaces of multiple parts to be joined.
  • a bonding agent consisting of a "neat" layer (i.e., essentially free of reinforcement or other foreign infusion) of the matrix material may be applied to one or both designated areas of the surfaces to be bonded.
  • the surfaces are than brought into immediate bonding contact with sufficient pressure to accomplish the bonding without distorting the material.
  • the steps to accomplish the bonding are as follows :
  • Step One Abrade the bonding areas to be jointed (optional) and/or enrich the bonding areas with a "neat" layer of thermoplastic resin, compatible with the natrix of each part.
  • Step Two Apply with heat a pellet of neat resin or an extruded monolithic tape of neat resin to the bond line of one or both bonding surface areas of each interface of the material to be bonded.
  • the resin tape may contain dispersed fibers or other reinforcement in some embodiments.
  • Step Three Heat the tape (if any) and bonding area quickly without heating the inner layers of the plastic matrix material.
  • Step Four As soon as the upper and lower interfaces bonding tapes or pellets have been softened sufficiently to be reformed as a single fusion, the press is brought together quickly. A mechanical stop prevents the upper and lower press parts from crushing the material; however, sufficient pressure between 10 psi and 300 psi is applied to provide the pressure necessary to fuse the bonding material together.
  • FIG. 1a is a schematic vertical cross section showing a preferred method and apparatus according to the invention or heating the bonding matrix in the bending zones by means of a robotically activated, reciprocating, non-contact, focussed, intense, infrared heat source disposed between the two press parts.
  • FIG. 1b is a schematic prospective view of FIG. 1a.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the press parts being brought together immediately after the heating cycle with sufficient pressure, typically between 20 psi and 300 psi, to accomplish the bonding.
  • FIG. 3 is schematic vertical cross section taken transverse to the materials to be bonded showing the advantage of using a non-fibrous, neat, monolithic themoplastic resin to enhance the bonding area.
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic view of a preferred manner of applying, an extruded monolithic tape of the same matrix resin on the bond line of each interface of the joining sheets or parts.
  • FIG. 5 is an alternative embodiment of FIG. 3 showing the application of a preferred tape directly from an extruder onto the sheet or formed part to be bonded.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic vertical cross section taken transverse to the materials to be bonded showing an optional method of abrading the fusion side of the bonding areas prior to heating.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic vertical cross section showing a preferred method and apparatus according to the invention
  • FIG. 8a through 8e are schematic cross sections showing a sample of the wide variety of joint configurations possible with this invention.
  • FIG. 9a, 9b and 9c are schematic vertical cross sections showing joint configurations of various multi-dimensional structures.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic vertical cross-sectional view of the robotic arm with affixed parabolic elliptical infrared reflectors illustrating adjustment of the focal lengths of said heat sources.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic perspective view illustrating the use of this invention for fusing parts of pre-molded elatromeric or composite thermplastics.
  • FIGS. 12 and 12a are schematic vertical cross-sectional views of point focus parabolic elliptical infrared heat sources mounted back to back on a robotic arm which can be preprogramed to trace on a circular or elliptical path.
  • FIG. 13a, 13b and 13c are alternate embodiments of this invention showing the use of focussed parabolic elliptical infrared spot beams at various angles mounted on a robotic armature which can be programmed to move in any geometric configuration.
  • FIGS . 14-15 and 17 are schematic representations of another preferred embodiment at various position of operation, as described.
  • FIG. 16 is a temperature-time trace applicable to operation of the FIGS. 14-15 and 17 apparatus.
  • FIG. 1 An apparatus, 10, aocording to a
  • thermoplastic objects comprising press platens, 12 and 14 , heating means, 22 and 24, mounted on a robotic armature, 26, the respective support and activating means, 32, 34 and 36.
  • the timing and closure pressure of the press is controlled by the press.
  • Plastic materials to be bonded, 2 and 4 are affixed to the respective press platens by vacuum suction devices (not shown) integral to the platens.
  • the press During the heating phase the press remains in its open position. When the heating cycle is complete, the upper and lower press parts are brought quickly and forcefully together into the closed position, as shown in FIG. 2.
  • the heating sources 22 and 24, fixedly mounted on the robotic arm 26, are movable into or out of a work zone between parts 12 and
  • Each of the heat sources 22 and 24 are elongated perpendicularly to the cross-sectional plane shown in FIG. 1.
  • the focal vector of the upper heat source 22 is pointed upward essentially normal to the surface of the first plastic material 2 to be heated.
  • the focal vector of the lower heat source 24 is pointed downward essentially normal to said second plastic material 4 to be heated.
  • the heat sources 22 and 24 consist of commercially available parabolic/elliptical infrared lamps. The displacement, velocity, periodicity, temperature and focal lengths and path of said heat sources are independently controlled.
  • bonding zones 42 and 44 of said materials to be fused are enriched with resin identical to the resin which forms the matrix of the thermoplastic composite FIG. 3).
  • a robotic feeding arm is utilized (not shown).
  • extruded monolithic tape 52 is applied, as shown in FIG. 4, or preformed tape 54 is applied directly by an extruder (FIG. 5).
  • An optional step, as shown in FIG. 6, is the abrading of the surfaces to be joined.
  • the incremental temperature of the surfaces of the bonding zones increases 80 with each stroke 82 of the reciprocating robotic armature with affixed, focussed heat sources, as shown in FIG. 7. Because plastic has a low coefficient of heat conductivity, during each brief cooling phase 84 of the oscillating focussed heat application the heat is radiated away from the surface to the air rather than to the interior material. Thus the internal temperature 86 remains virtually unaffected while the suraoe temperature increases to the melt fusion point as shown at 88 in
  • FIG. 7 It is this alternate "endothermic/exothermic" process which is essential to the present invention.
  • the alternate process which is essential to the present invention.
  • FIGS. 8a through 8e Three-dimensional preformed plastic objects can be bonded together as shown in FIGS. 9a, 9b and 9c.
  • any size corrugated board may be constructed by bonding flat sheets on either side of a stamp pressed board, as shown in
  • FIG. 9c The focal lengths of the lamps can be adjusted to coincide with the surface of the material to be heated as shown in FIG, 10. This means that the heat is at maximum intensity at the bonding zone. Indeed, if such intense heat were applied continuously, the plastic would melt or burn.
  • this invention can be used to melt-fuse two halves of a preformed bulb as shewn in FIG. 11.
  • the two lamps 22 and 24 are mounted back to back on the reciprocating robotic armature 26 while the halves of the preformed elastomeric bulb 60 and 62 are placed on the upper and lower press parts 12 and 14.
  • the focussed heaters 22 and 24 are then reciprocated and when the melt fusion temperature is reached, the robotic arm is removed and the two press parts 12 and 14 brought together. The result is a completely fused bulb 64.
  • the heat souroes are point-focus, parabolic elliptical, infrared reflectors 70, 72 mounted back to back on a robotic armature 26 which rotates in a circle or ellipse thus tracing out a circular or elliptical path en the materials to be bonded, as shown in FIG. 12.
  • This embodiment allows the intermittency of heat application to be accomplished not by a reciprocating back and forth motion, but by a continuous cycle which touches any given point on its path only once in every revolution.
  • the robotic arm 26 with affixed, focussed heat sources 70, 74 can be computer controlled and preprogrammed to trace out any path, thus enabling a variety of geometrically shaped bonds to be accomplished, as shown in FIGS. 13a and 13b.
  • This embodiment gives a flexibility of application to this invention which far exceeds not only the reciprocating armature, but also surpasses any bording machine in the prior art.
  • the geometric paths, displacements, velocities, periodicities, temperatures, focal lengths and duration of heating of the heat sources are controlled by electronic circuitry which can be preprogrammed by the operation by means of the control panel, not shown.
  • FIGS. 14-15 shows a system more or less as in the previous species, with certain enhancements. It includes press platens 12 and 14, mounting parts 2 and 4 to be joined, IR heaters 22 and 24 mounted on a reciprocating arm 26 of a robot machine 36. IR sensing units 122 and 124 are mounted on the IR heaters and have respective temperature control and power control systems, TC and PC (both per se conventional) to control platen positions, reciprocation rate and IR heating temperatures and times. Through this loop control, based on monitoring the temperature of matrix resin on each of the adherends parts 2 and 4, process parameters are tuned to variable conditions of the materials to be joined.
  • TC and PC both per se conventional
  • the sensint units 122 and 124 continuously read the rising temperatures of the respective interface bond line zones and send signals back to the lamp (22, 24) power controls to increase or decrease lamp power, thereby varying lamp intensity and projected radiation until both interface temperature footprints match.
  • the sensors signal the lamps to shut off, the robot arm 26 to withdraw, and the press (32, 34) to cycle.
  • the convergence of the lines in the temperature-time trace of FIG. 16 indicates that the upper and lower part interface temperatures have reached reconsolidation temperature, which signals the removal of the robotic arm.
  • the temperature of the matrix resin is taken on a continuous, noncontact basis and is used to precisely control the overall welding cycle.
  • the heating wavelength of the lamps is approximately 1.1 microns; the optical sensors have a spectral response of 8.0 to 14.0 microns, which blinds them to visible light. Because the ambient air may be very hot, the sensors may be provided witn an air cooling jacket. Alternatively, each sensor can be located outside the heat area and mounted so that its optical lens faces properly positioned right angle mirrors.
  • the press holding the parts have a rapid downstroke of at least one foot per second.
  • the press utilizes a double-downstroke function, as shown in FIGS. 17A, 17B, 17C.
  • the press first closes at high speed to a deceleration zone, which is about one half inch from material surface. Then final pressure is applied on a decelerated basis to a die stop.
  • FIG. 15 shows that parts 2A and 4A comprising layered quasi-isotropic composite panels (the cross-sections of which are exaggerated) may have face layers 22 and 42 which are locally reconsolidated.
  • FIG. 15 also indicates the reciprocating movement (arrow A, dark line and phantom end positions.
  • FIGS. 14-15 also show the parabolic/elliptical focus of the heaters reflective portion at points on layers 22, 42.
  • the process accomodates simple and complex joint configurations, including spot welds, three-dimensional welds, and continuous welds.
  • This invention has been practices to achieve outstanding weld strengths with leading advanced engineering thermoplastic materials of significant military and commercial utility uses.
  • These materials include glass-, carbon-, and aramid-fiber reinforced polyetheretherketone (PEEK), polyphenylene sulfide (PES), polyamideimide (PAI), polyetherimide (PEI), polyarylate, polysulfones, thermoplastic polymides, and liquid crystal polymer (LCP's).
  • Thermoplastic composites (TPC's) for high-performance applications generally consist of a high-performance theremoplastic matrix resin reinforced with fibers of carbons, graphite, fiberglass, or aramid.
  • Some matrix resins used in TPC's are capable of continuous service at 350' F to 700'F. They include PEEK, PPS, PEI, PES, PAI, and others.
  • the reinforcements are usually continuous and parallel or laminated in different directions to provide a stress-free, lightweight sheet of unusual strength.
  • thermoplastics vis-a-vis thermosets in advanced composite applications has been well documented and include lower-cost manufacturing, indefinite prepreg stability, thermoformability of flat sheet stock reprocessing to correct flaws and effect repairs, faster processing cycles, high toughness, and easier quality control. Most of these advantages are due to the fact that unlike thermosets, which are infusible and cannot be softened by heating once cured into shape, thermoplastics became more viscous and flow when subjected to heat. This characteristic makes thermoplastics weldable and facilitates the elimination of adhesives and mechanical fasteners, both of which are less than desirable for high-performance structural applications. See, Benatar, et al. , “Methods For fusion Bonding Thermoplastics Composites", SAMPE Quarterly Vol. 18, No. 1 (Oct. 1986).
  • TPC laminates comprise up to seventy wt.% of reinforcement. While the introduction of reinforcing fibers into a matrix dramatically upgrades the physical properties of the composite, it often makes welding more difficult since there is less resin available to melt and reconsolidate into a fused joint. Reducing the amount of reinforcement may increase weldability, but only at the expense of composite strength. Also, the advanced thermoplastics used as matrix resins in TPC's must be processed at higher temperatures and have narrower "processing windows" than commodity and general purpose engineering resins.
  • Positioning of parts into press two parts are placed into upper and lower holding fixtures in a suitable press. The facing parts are held in open position during the heating stage.
  • a fiber-free tape of film or resin may be applied to one part surface (the tape is chemically and thermally compatible with the matrix resin of the composite; a resin-rich, surface on the composite surfaces may eliminate the need for this step).
  • Another variable that may enhance weld strength is to have the graphite fibers in unidirectional orientation in the first interface layers of each adherend.
  • the robot When the start button is pressed, the robot will move the focused infrared heating lamps into the open press area and commence horizontal reciprocation over the bond lines. during the reciprocation stage, the lamps illuminate immediately on the first stroke and remain on while the optical sensors read the rising surface temperature of each interface. The sensors signal the lamps power controls to increase or throttle down each lamp's intensity until both interface temperature footprints match. At this point, the sensors signal the robot to remove the lamp fixtures from the press and start the downstroke of the press for completing the operation. the press remains closed until the part cools sufficiently for removal and handling.
  • the focal vector of the upper heat source is pointed upward; the focal vector of the lower heat source is pointed downward.
  • the parts to be joined are held as close to the focal vector of the lamp fixtures as possible.
  • Bond lines up to sixteen inches long and four inches wide have been produced and it is possible to produce much larger bond line areas.
  • Bond line length is controlled by the length of the focused infrared lamps, which are commercially available up to one hundred inches long.
  • the reciprocation zone controls bond line width.
  • Very wide bond lines are possible by using multiple lamp fixtures that are placed side-by-side on the robotic arms. For example, four sets of back-to-back forty eight inch focused infrared lamps spaced four inches apart can be used to heat a bond line area twenty inches wide by forty eight inches long.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Robotics (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

On relie mutuellement des parties thermoplastiques (2, 4) d'épaisseur indéterminée en appliquant de la chaleur sur des surfaces sélectionnées (42, 44) de celles-ci au moyen de lignes thermiques infrarouges intenses focalisées produites par des sources de chaleur (22, 24) à réflexion parabolique-elliptique, mises en mouvement par un dispositif d'actionnement linéaire à mouvement alternatif (26) et qui peuvent être enlevées par un robot de commande (36) lorsque le chauffage est terminé afin de permettre à d'autres dispositifs d'actionnement (32, 34) de rapprocher complètement thermoplastiques pour les joindre.
PCT/US1989/003256 1988-07-28 1989-07-27 Procede de liaison de matieres plastiques et de materiaux plastiques composites a phase dispersee WO1990000970A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US22529688A 1988-07-28 1988-07-28
US225,296 1988-07-28
US32932389A 1989-03-27 1989-03-27
US329,323 1989-03-27

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1990000970A1 true WO1990000970A1 (fr) 1990-02-08

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US1989/003256 WO1990000970A1 (fr) 1988-07-28 1989-07-27 Procede de liaison de matieres plastiques et de materiaux plastiques composites a phase dispersee

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0427793A4 (fr)
JP (1) JPH04502737A (fr)
CA (1) CA1339405C (fr)
WO (1) WO1990000970A1 (fr)

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5060594A (en) * 1989-06-23 1991-10-29 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Apparatus for painting
EP0541416A1 (fr) * 1991-11-04 1993-05-12 Sollac Procédé de revêtement d'un répartiteur de coulée continue par un matériau réfractaire, répartiteur et matériau réfractaire résultant de la mise en oeuvre de ce procédé
EP0546854A1 (fr) * 1991-12-11 1993-06-16 Kureha Kagaku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Procédé pour le soudage d'éléments tubulaires en sulfure de polyarylène et structure tubulaire soudée
DE4208812A1 (de) * 1992-03-19 1993-09-23 Tubus Bauer Gmbh Vorrichtung und verfahren zum herstellen einer leichtbauplatte sowie danach hergestellte leichtbauplatte
EP0629488A2 (fr) * 1993-06-17 1994-12-21 Société MECASONIC Procédé de chauffage par émission d'un rayonnement électromagnétique, notamment infrarouge
US5498304A (en) * 1991-08-19 1996-03-12 Amcor Ltd. Method of manufacturing corrugated board using a thermal radiant energy source
EP0913247A1 (fr) * 1997-10-31 1999-05-06 Thomas Schürhoff Méthode de soudage de matériau élastomère
WO2001085436A2 (fr) * 2000-05-10 2001-11-15 Swagelok Company Soudage infrarouge de fluoropolymeres
EP1219406A2 (fr) * 2000-12-27 2002-07-03 Sintokogio, Ltd. Soudage de matériaux thermoplastiques
KR20020068304A (ko) * 2001-02-20 2002-08-27 캐논 가부시끼가이샤 정보 처리 장치 및 정보 처리 방법
KR100477917B1 (ko) * 2001-02-20 2005-03-23 캐논 가부시끼가이샤 정보처리장치 및 방법
KR100649499B1 (ko) * 2001-02-20 2006-11-27 캐논 가부시끼가이샤 정보처리장치 및 방법
US7850890B2 (en) 2003-01-28 2010-12-14 Ti Group Automotive Systems, L.L.C. Method of manufacturing a fuel tank
EP2695722A1 (fr) * 2011-04-05 2014-02-12 Toray Industries, Inc. Corps moulé composite et procédé de production de ce corps

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JP7404956B2 (ja) * 2020-03-23 2023-12-26 住友電装株式会社 複合成形部品の製造方法

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US4094725A (en) * 1976-01-23 1978-06-13 Aisin Seiki Kabushiki Kaisha Apparatus for hot gas welding of a pair of thermoplastic materials
US4447402A (en) * 1982-05-27 1984-05-08 Devine Manufacturing Company Autoclaves
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US5060594A (en) * 1989-06-23 1991-10-29 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Apparatus for painting
US5498304A (en) * 1991-08-19 1996-03-12 Amcor Ltd. Method of manufacturing corrugated board using a thermal radiant energy source
EP0541416A1 (fr) * 1991-11-04 1993-05-12 Sollac Procédé de revêtement d'un répartiteur de coulée continue par un matériau réfractaire, répartiteur et matériau réfractaire résultant de la mise en oeuvre de ce procédé
EP0546854A1 (fr) * 1991-12-11 1993-06-16 Kureha Kagaku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Procédé pour le soudage d'éléments tubulaires en sulfure de polyarylène et structure tubulaire soudée
US5328541A (en) * 1991-12-11 1994-07-12 Kureha Kagaku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Method of welding tubular products of polyarylene sulfide and welded tubular structure
DE4208812A1 (de) * 1992-03-19 1993-09-23 Tubus Bauer Gmbh Vorrichtung und verfahren zum herstellen einer leichtbauplatte sowie danach hergestellte leichtbauplatte
EP0629488A2 (fr) * 1993-06-17 1994-12-21 Société MECASONIC Procédé de chauffage par émission d'un rayonnement électromagnétique, notamment infrarouge
FR2706353A1 (fr) * 1993-06-17 1994-12-23 Mecasonic Sa Procédé de chauffage par émission d'un rayonnement électromagnétique, notamment infrarouge.
EP0629488A3 (fr) * 1993-06-17 1995-04-05 Mecasonic Sa Procédé de chauffage par émission d'un rayonnement électromagnétique, notamment infrarouge.
US5628859A (en) * 1993-06-17 1997-05-13 Mecasonic S.A. Method of heating by emission of electromagnetic radiation, especially infrared radiation
EP0913247A1 (fr) * 1997-10-31 1999-05-06 Thomas Schürhoff Méthode de soudage de matériau élastomère
WO2001085436A2 (fr) * 2000-05-10 2001-11-15 Swagelok Company Soudage infrarouge de fluoropolymeres
WO2001085436A3 (fr) * 2000-05-10 2002-04-04 Swagelok Co Soudage infrarouge de fluoropolymeres
EP1219406A2 (fr) * 2000-12-27 2002-07-03 Sintokogio, Ltd. Soudage de matériaux thermoplastiques
EP1219406A3 (fr) * 2000-12-27 2002-08-14 Sintokogio, Ltd. Soudage de matériaux thermoplastiques
KR20020068304A (ko) * 2001-02-20 2002-08-27 캐논 가부시끼가이샤 정보 처리 장치 및 정보 처리 방법
KR100477917B1 (ko) * 2001-02-20 2005-03-23 캐논 가부시끼가이샤 정보처리장치 및 방법
KR100649499B1 (ko) * 2001-02-20 2006-11-27 캐논 가부시끼가이샤 정보처리장치 및 방법
US7850890B2 (en) 2003-01-28 2010-12-14 Ti Group Automotive Systems, L.L.C. Method of manufacturing a fuel tank
EP2695722A1 (fr) * 2011-04-05 2014-02-12 Toray Industries, Inc. Corps moulé composite et procédé de production de ce corps
EP2695722A4 (fr) * 2011-04-05 2014-08-27 Toray Industries Corps moulé composite et procédé de production de ce corps

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH04502737A (ja) 1992-05-21
CA1339405C (fr) 1997-09-02
EP0427793A4 (en) 1992-01-15
EP0427793A1 (fr) 1991-05-22

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