WO1989010295A1 - Ameliorations apportees a des ancres flottantes - Google Patents

Ameliorations apportees a des ancres flottantes Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1989010295A1
WO1989010295A1 PCT/GB1989/000446 GB8900446W WO8910295A1 WO 1989010295 A1 WO1989010295 A1 WO 1989010295A1 GB 8900446 W GB8900446 W GB 8900446W WO 8910295 A1 WO8910295 A1 WO 8910295A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
kite
vessel
vanes
anchor
side members
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB1989/000446
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Neil Richard Attenborough
Original Assignee
Neil Richard Attenborough
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from GB888809784A external-priority patent/GB8809784D0/en
Priority claimed from GB898903776A external-priority patent/GB8903776D0/en
Application filed by Neil Richard Attenborough filed Critical Neil Richard Attenborough
Publication of WO1989010295A1 publication Critical patent/WO1989010295A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H25/00—Steering; Slowing-down otherwise than by use of propulsive elements; Dynamic anchoring, i.e. positioning vessels by means of main or auxiliary propulsive elements
    • B63H25/44—Steering or slowing-down by extensible flaps or the like
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
    • B63B21/24—Anchors
    • B63B21/48—Sea-anchors; Drogues

Definitions

  • This invention relates to sea anchors.
  • a sea anchor is any body that may be deployed from a vessel in heavy weather to provide resistance as it is dragged through the water and thus helps to keep the vessel in a desired orientation.
  • a sea anchor is usually veered from the vessel's bow to hold the bow to the wind and reduce the rate of drift, it may be streamed from the stern of a vessel running before the wind to help to hold the vessel stern on, and to reduce the vessel's forward speed.
  • kite comprising a framework having planar side (vertical) members connected by top, bottom and one or more intermediate (horizontal) members (herein ⁇ after referred to as vanes) of curved cross-section, the concave faces of which face upwardly and slightly forwardly, for example at an angle of 25° to the horizon ⁇ tal.
  • the kite is towed in a generally vertical attitude through the water by a tow rope connected to a bridle attached to each upper, forward corner and which is adjustable so that the fore-and-aft inclination of the kite to the vertical may be altered, and hence the depth at which the kite is towed at a given speed may be varied.
  • such a kite is used as a sea anchor by veering it from the vessel's bow or by streaming it, preferably centrally, from a vessel's stern; unlike any conventional sea anchor it has the advantage that the heavier the load placed upon it, the deeper it dives and the greater the resist ⁇ ance offered to the pull exerted by the vessel.
  • kite of the above-described frame type for use as a sea anchor by replacing the original bridle with attachment means which are maintained in a fixed position in relation to the vanes.
  • attachment means preferably take the form of a rigid structure comprising a towing bar positioned parallel to, and forwardly of, the top (hori ⁇ zontal) vane.
  • a pennant is detachably connectable to each side of the attachment means, conveniently at an adjustable position on the tow bar. The free ends of both pennants may be connected to the outer end of a single towing line.
  • a conventional kite may be adapted by providing a greater number of attachment points for the bridle in order to resist effectively any tendency to rotation, six being the preferred number.
  • the points may be positioned one at each corner, one at the mid-point of the top and one in a central position.
  • the vertical frame members diverge in a direction away from the bridle or attachment means.
  • the directional stability of a kite may be in ⁇ creased by extending the side (vertical) members rear- wardly, preferably in the same plane as the side members, thus providing a fin rearwardly of each side member.
  • Other arrangements for providing fins could of course be adopted, and the fins need not necessarily be posit ⁇ ioned aft of the frame.
  • the bottom vane is heavier than the other vanes to impart greater stability to the kite in its normal, vertical attitude.
  • the cross-sectional curvature of the vanes is desirably greater than that of a conventional multi-vane kite, there preferably being a change in angle of at least 3° over each vane; also the angle of inclination of the vanes to a plane normal to the height direction of the kite is preferably less than the previously-mentioned 25° found in the known naval kites.
  • a vessel which suffers irreparable damage to her steering gear when at sea is clearly imperilled without some form of emergency steering gear.
  • emergency steering gear for a vessel comprising a sea-anchor, port and starboard lines connected to the anchor each line being led, prefer ⁇ ably through a guide, to adjustment means for adjusting the length of each line.
  • the adjustment means may take the form of, for example, a tackle or sheet winch, and by hauling on one of the lines the stern is displaced with respect to the direction of travel thus enabling the vessel to be steered.
  • the sea anchor is one having great directional stability, for example a kite, and most preferably a kite according to the present invention.
  • the port and starboard lines are connected to a single towing line at a point outboard of the stern of the vessel. If the kite has rigid attachment means according to the present invention, then the port and starboard lines may be longer and connected to the attach ⁇ ment means, desirably through pennants. According to a further aspect of the present invention there is thus provided a method of steering a vessel comprising towing a sea anchor from the stern of a vessel and laterally displacing the effective point of attachment of a single towing line to the stern or altering the relative lengths of a pair of towing lines.
  • the invention thus provides not only a very effective sea anchor but one which can easily be adapted to serve as an emergency steering gear.
  • kitse in which all the hori ⁇ zontal members (including the top and bottom members) are ⁇ anes which are upwardly inclined in the rearward direction.
  • Figure 1 is an elevation of the stern of a boat trailing a sea anchor, according to the invention.
  • Figure 2 is a perspective view, at enlarged scale, of the sea anchor shown in Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a plan of the sea anchor shown in Figure 2;
  • Figure 4 is a section along the line III-III in Figure 3.
  • Figure 5 is a plan of the boat and sea anchor shown in Figure 1, rigged to function as an emergency steering mechanism.
  • FIG. 1 there is shown a vessel 10, adrift under storm conditions on the sea 11, and having a winch 12 from which towing line 13 passes round a post or eye 14 to a sea anchor in the form of a kite 15.
  • the line 13 is connected to the kite 15 by a rigid attachment structure 16, to be described later.
  • the kite 15 shown in more detail in Figures 2, 3 and 4 is fabricated from sheet aluminium, stainless steel, other protected and proofed metal, or reinforced plastic; and includes a rigid rectangular peripheral frame formed of flat side panels 17,18 and top and bottom vanes 19,20.
  • the side panels 17,18 are rearwardly diver ⁇ gent at an included angle which is preferably around 38°, but which can depart from this value within the scope of the invention.
  • top vane 19 and double-thickness bottom vane 20 are parallel and curved upwardly towards the rear of the kite 15, having a camber angle between tan ⁇ gents at the front and rear edges of typically 3°, but are not ⁇ limited to this value.
  • peripheral frame consti ⁇ tutes a flow passage which is divergent from entry to exit, particularly in the vertical dimension. This divergence promotes lateral stability of the kite 15.
  • a rod 23 is fastened through the centres of the curved vanes 19,20,21,22 and has its upper end drilled at 24 to provide an attachment point for a lifting line (not shown) .
  • the attachment structure 16 projects for- wardly of the peripheral frame and comprises a pair of upper struts 26 and a pair of lower struts 27 bolted at their points of intersection to the respective ends of a horizontal towing bar 28 drilled with a series of holes 29. . .
  • Two wire strops 30 are each connected at one end to selected holes 29 by a ring 31 and at their other ends (not shown) to the towing line 13. For steering purposes each is connected to a separate rudder line as will be described later. For fine adjust ⁇ ment a short strop may be run from the free end of strops 30 to one of the other holes 29.
  • each side panel 17,18 is formed as shown in chain-dotted line in Fig. 2 with an integral rearward extension or fin 32,33 respectively, which gives improved directional stability.
  • the kite 15 Being made of heavy material, the kite 15 will tend to sink and will be urged to the upright orientation shown in the drawings by the relative weight of the bottom vane 20 which is of double thickness. Furthermore, the curvature of the vanes 19,20,21,22 will initially hasten the sinking, as the kite 15 is pulled through the water. However, as the latter sinks, the down- force on the vanes 19,20,21,22 will eventually achieve equilibrium with the upward component of the force exerted by the towing line 13, thus stabilising the depth at which the kite 15 operates for a given speed of the vessel 10 in the sea 11. The depth at a given speed can be adjusted by adjusting the length of the towing wire or rope 13.
  • the single line 13 is towed centrally, as shown in Fig. 1.
  • an emergency steering mechanism can be rigged by attaching two rudder lines 34 to the towing bar 28, the rudder lines 34 each being led through a block 35 on the quarter to a sheet winch 36.
  • the kite 15 is caused to steer to starboard, thus causing the vessel to be turned to port.
  • the rudder lines 34 may be led over the respective quarters but they may be led through a single fairlead, which is convenient for example in the case of canoe-sterned vessels.
  • the kite 15 is rigid when in use, it may be constructed so that it can be collapsed or dis ⁇ mantled for ease of storage.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)

Abstract

Une ancre flottante utilisée en haute mer comprend des panneaux latéraux divergents (18) qui s'étendent éventuellement en arrière de façon à former des ailettes intégrales (33) inter-connectées par quatre aubes (19, 20, 21, 22) à section transversale courbe traversées par un pilier central (23). Une structure rigide comprenant une barre perforée de remorquage (28) s'étend en avant des aubes et fournit une sélection de points de connexion pour une paire d'élingues filiformes (30). Afin d'ancrer un vaisseau en mer, l'ancre flottante peut être déployée au moyen d'une seule ligne reliée aux deux élingues; lorsqu'elle est utilisée comme gouvernail d'urgence chaque élingue est de préférence reliée par une ligne séparée au côté respectif de la poupe du vaisseau et des dispositifs appropriés, tels qu'un treuil plat de halage, servent à ajuster indépendamment la longueur de chaque ligne.
PCT/GB1989/000446 1988-04-26 1989-04-26 Ameliorations apportees a des ancres flottantes WO1989010295A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB8809784.5 1988-04-26
GB888809784A GB8809784D0 (en) 1988-04-26 1988-04-26 Improvements relating to sea anchors
GB8903776.6 1989-02-20
GB898903776A GB8903776D0 (en) 1989-03-20 1989-03-20 Improvements relating to sea anchors

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1989010295A1 true WO1989010295A1 (fr) 1989-11-02

Family

ID=26293812

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB1989/000446 WO1989010295A1 (fr) 1988-04-26 1989-04-26 Ameliorations apportees a des ancres flottantes

Country Status (2)

Country Link
GB (1) GB2218956B (fr)
WO (1) WO1989010295A1 (fr)

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR389552A (fr) * 1908-03-18 1908-09-12 Friedrich H C Heyn Dispositif pour la recherche des cables et autres objets au fond de l'eau
GB190387A (en) * 1922-02-03 1922-12-21 Charles Otway Alexander Improvements in and relating to underwater kites
US2524863A (en) * 1942-10-01 1950-10-10 White Wilfrid Gordon Moored mine sweeping method and device
US2536682A (en) * 1948-02-25 1951-01-02 Frieder Sea anchor apparatus
FR2482553A1 (fr) * 1980-05-16 1981-11-20 Couget Jacques Voilure
GB2122562A (en) * 1982-06-28 1984-01-18 Seismograph Service Improved pelagic trawl door or paravane
WO1988001586A1 (fr) * 1986-08-28 1988-03-10 Newman Geoffrey C Accessoire pour embarcations maritimes

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB219034A (en) * 1923-01-18 1924-07-18 Ivan Rupert Fleming Improvements in sea anchors
GB603990A (en) * 1943-02-18 1948-06-25 Hjalmar Iversen Improvements relating to drag or sea anchors
CA892351A (en) * 1970-08-21 1972-02-08 Dessureault Jean-Guy Gravity controlled stabilizer
GB1269599A (en) * 1970-10-06 1972-04-06 Honeywell Inc Improvements in or relating to sea anchors
US3703876A (en) * 1970-11-09 1972-11-28 Finn C Michelsen Towed underwater apparatus
JPS556555B2 (fr) * 1971-12-02 1980-02-18
JPS5176389U (fr) * 1974-09-19 1976-06-16
FR2404254A1 (fr) * 1977-09-23 1979-04-20 Inst Francais Du Petrole Dispositif d'asservissement en profondeur d'un element tracte dans l'eau
US4463701A (en) * 1980-02-28 1984-08-07 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Paravane with automatic depth control

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR389552A (fr) * 1908-03-18 1908-09-12 Friedrich H C Heyn Dispositif pour la recherche des cables et autres objets au fond de l'eau
GB190387A (en) * 1922-02-03 1922-12-21 Charles Otway Alexander Improvements in and relating to underwater kites
US2524863A (en) * 1942-10-01 1950-10-10 White Wilfrid Gordon Moored mine sweeping method and device
US2536682A (en) * 1948-02-25 1951-01-02 Frieder Sea anchor apparatus
FR2482553A1 (fr) * 1980-05-16 1981-11-20 Couget Jacques Voilure
GB2122562A (en) * 1982-06-28 1984-01-18 Seismograph Service Improved pelagic trawl door or paravane
WO1988001586A1 (fr) * 1986-08-28 1988-03-10 Newman Geoffrey C Accessoire pour embarcations maritimes

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB8909505D0 (en) 1989-06-14
GB2218956B (en) 1992-04-15
GB2218956A (en) 1989-11-29

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