WO1989006817A1 - Condensateur universel pour l'eclairage d'objets - Google Patents

Condensateur universel pour l'eclairage d'objets Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1989006817A1
WO1989006817A1 PCT/HU1989/000002 HU8900002W WO8906817A1 WO 1989006817 A1 WO1989006817 A1 WO 1989006817A1 HU 8900002 W HU8900002 W HU 8900002W WO 8906817 A1 WO8906817 A1 WO 8906817A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
condenser
situated
lens system
mirrored
mirror
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/HU1989/000002
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Sándor CZIRBIK
Rozália CZIRBIKNÉ KRÁTKY
Lajos KRÁTKY
János HÁMORI
Original Assignee
Czirbik Sandor
Czirbikne Kratky Rozalia
Kratky Lajos
Hamori Janos
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Czirbik Sandor, Czirbikne Kratky Rozalia, Kratky Lajos, Hamori Janos filed Critical Czirbik Sandor
Publication of WO1989006817A1 publication Critical patent/WO1989006817A1/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B21/00—Microscopes
    • G02B21/06—Means for illuminating specimens
    • G02B21/08—Condensers

Definitions

  • the subject of the invention is a device, consisting of lenses, a mirror, a diaphragm and light filters, used for the illumination of objects subjected to microscopic examina ⁇ tions. Its function is to adjust the geometry and the colour composition of the ray cone used for lighting so that it satisfied the given purpose. Thanks to the invention the condenser can be used with success for biological, minerolo- gical, industrial and other laboratory or industrial micros ⁇ copic examinations.
  • the condensers most frequently used are compound systems consisting of several lenses (e.g., the Abbe-conden ⁇ ser, aplanitic condensers, etc.).
  • the aperture angle of the ray cone used for lighting can be controlled in compliance with the objective of the microscope.
  • the Kbhler method of lighting described above is used for transparent objects in a ⁇ transmitted light.
  • the visual field is light.
  • the applica ⁇ tion of a dark field of view is necessary.
  • the centre of the lighting ray cone is blocked out with a black circlet, so that only the light scattered on the object could get into the objective.
  • the details of the object are spark ⁇ ling on the dark base in this case.
  • the black circlet used for making the dark visual space is substituted by a filter of appropriate density (as a rule, blue or green filters are applied) in such a manner that it was only in the way of the direct beams, a coloured, dark visual field is obtained.
  • the optical painting of Rheinberg is based on the prin- ciple of the coloured, dark visual field.
  • the contrast of the picture of the object appears in the form of a colour contrast.
  • This process can be used favourably for emphasizing the differences expe- rienced in the refractional indexes. In certain cases it can even replace phase contrast lighting.
  • An essential characte ⁇ ristic of the Rheinberg principle of illumination is, that it can be used exclusively for condensers with one light route. The procedures described till now were based on the principle of condensers with light visual fields (e.g. the Abbe-condenser or the aplanatic system) .
  • condensers are used. By the help of appropriately shaped paraboloid or cardioid mirrors the dark visual field can be obtained. These condensers do not contain lenses, thus the background achieved is really black. Conseuqnetly they cannot be applied for lighting with transmitted light, for a colou ⁇ red dark visual field or for optical painting.
  • the purpose of our invention was to reduce and/or eli- minate the above insufficiencies and to achieve appropriate lighting, so that even optical painting could be performed with the condenser within discretional magni ication range.
  • the following perception makes this aim attainable.
  • a condenser for illuminating microscopic objects comprising a rotary-shaped, ring-like or other mirror and a condenser consisting of a lens system with one or more lenses and a diaphragm having common optical axis inside the mirrored condenser.
  • the condenser of the invention comprises preferably transparent filters and a filter holder containing non-transparent diaphragms.
  • the condenser comprises a condenser of light visual field consisting of lens members situated inside the mirrored condenser with dark visual field and the symmetry axis of the condensers is identical to the optical axis.
  • the elements of the inner lens system are fixed, or they form a system, the elements of which can be moved axial- ly (pancratic system).
  • the diaphragm of the condenser is adjustable gradually or continuously.
  • the space between the mirror, the lens system and the object-plane is filled with optical medium of appropriate refractive index.
  • the condenser of the invention may include a non- transparent diaphragm situated in front of the condenser for blocking out the mirrored condenser, or the condenser consis ⁇ ting of lenses.
  • the condenser may preferably comprise a colour filter, situated in front of the condenser, transparent only for the light-route of the mirrored condenser.
  • the condenser may also .comprise a colour filter consis ⁇ ting of two or more colours and situated in front of the condenser to influence the light route of the internal lens system and the outer mirror independently from each other.
  • the condenser comprises ring-shaped diaphragms of vari ⁇ ous sizes in front of the internal lens system for hindering the operation of the mirrored condenser and determining the operation of the condenser consisting of lenses.
  • the filters and diaphragms situated in front of the condenser are arranged on several concentric discs with the centres of the filters and diaphragms located on the optical axis.
  • FIG. 1 is a section view of the condenser without optical medium between the mirror and the lens system
  • FIG. 2 is a section view of the condenser with optical medium between the mirror and the lens system.
  • the construction of the condenser can be understood by the help of FIG. 1.
  • the rotary-paraboloid or other, ring-shaped mirror 1 encloses lens system 2.
  • the aperture 3 is located under the lens system 2, in an appropriately small size.
  • the whole arran ⁇ gement is fixed to its place by a transparent clamping plate 7 situated in the condenser casing 5.
  • the filter holder 6 is situated under the condenser casing 5. It can be used for discretional sizes of the filters.
  • the condenser described by the invention is operated as follows: to adjust lighting with transmitted light a ring- shaped screening filter (10) must be clamped into the filter holder 6. It blocks out the light falling on the paraboloid mirror 1, thus, only lens system 2 is in operation. With the aperture-chamber 3 situated under it, the traditional Kohler- -lighting can be attained. If it should be changed over to the dark visual field the slot of aperture chamber 3 is covered with a black circ ⁇ let of adequate diameter, which, anyhow, does not hinder the light route of the mirror 1, consequently paraboloid mirror 1 begins to act. Being reflected from the mirror 1 the light reaches the object in such an angle that its rays cannot fall on the microscope-objective. Exempt from this are the rays scattered on the examined object. Since there are no illumi ⁇ nated lens-members under the object-plane, the visual field is fully dark and velvety black.
  • optical painting becomes possible even with a magnification objective stronger than 20x magnification, and one do not have to fear that the inaccurately adjusted lighting deteriorates the picture quality.
  • the outer light route can be blocked, thus a condenser with internal lens can be applied even for the illumination of phase contrast.
  • the possibilities rendered by the invention are further improved if the inner lens-system forms an achromatic-apla ⁇ a- tic condenser or if its focus is variable or pancratic.
  • the condenser described above is of dry system, but a version enabling the immersion of the condenser can be constructed, too. If the internal space between the inner lens system 2 and the paraboloid mirror 1 is filled up with a medium having similar refractional index to that of the glass and the upper slot is covered with a transparent plate, an immersion condenser of FIG 2. is obtained. Its structure and working principle are identical with those of the former arrangement, but there are two important supplements. The space between the paraboloid mirror 1 and the lens system 2 is filled by immersion liquid 9 while the front part of the condenser 20 is closed by transparent plate 8.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Microscoopes, Condenser (AREA)

Abstract

Est décrit un équipement permettant l'éclairage d'objets en cours d'examen microscopique. Ce dispositif consiste en un miroir (1) de configuration circulaire (paraboloïde ou autre) agencé le long d'un axe optique commun et en un système (2) d'objectifs de faible diamètre pourvus de diaphragmes (3) d'ouverture appropriée. Manoeuvrés indépendamment l'un de l'autre ou simultanément, le miroir (1) et l'objectif permettent tous les types d'éclairages microscopiques simplement en remplaçant le filtre (10) et en modifiant le diaphragme (3). Le condensateur décrit assure une excellente qualité d'image et permet également un coloriage optique dans n'importe quelle plage de grossissement.
PCT/HU1989/000002 1988-01-25 1989-01-24 Condensateur universel pour l'eclairage d'objets WO1989006817A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
HU271/88 1988-01-25
HU27188 1988-01-25

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1989006817A1 true WO1989006817A1 (fr) 1989-07-27

Family

ID=10948843

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/HU1989/000002 WO1989006817A1 (fr) 1988-01-25 1989-01-24 Condensateur universel pour l'eclairage d'objets

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO1989006817A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2416403A (en) * 2004-07-16 2006-01-25 Zeiss Carl Jena Gmbh Microscope objective with illumination with lower aperture
WO2008019130A3 (fr) * 2006-08-04 2008-04-24 Us Gov Health & Human Serv système de détection à fluorescence étenduE pour la microscopie à deux photons

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE414758C (de) * 1924-07-06 1925-06-10 Heinrich Herbst Dr Mikroskopkondensor fuer Hell- und Dunkelfeldbeleuchtung
AT135181B (de) * 1932-10-08 1933-10-25 Zeiss Carl Fa Vorrichtung zur Hellfeld- und Dunkelfeldbeleuchtung mikroskopischer Objekte.
DE603409C (de) * 1932-11-05 1934-09-28 Zeiss Carl Fa Vorrichtung zur Erzielung verschiedenfarbiger Beleuchtung mikroskopischer Objekte
US2083820A (en) * 1935-03-27 1937-06-15 Bausch & Lomb Microscope filter system
DE2900821A1 (de) * 1979-01-11 1980-07-24 Will Wetzlar Gmbh Immersions-dunkelfeldkondensor

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE414758C (de) * 1924-07-06 1925-06-10 Heinrich Herbst Dr Mikroskopkondensor fuer Hell- und Dunkelfeldbeleuchtung
AT135181B (de) * 1932-10-08 1933-10-25 Zeiss Carl Fa Vorrichtung zur Hellfeld- und Dunkelfeldbeleuchtung mikroskopischer Objekte.
DE603409C (de) * 1932-11-05 1934-09-28 Zeiss Carl Fa Vorrichtung zur Erzielung verschiedenfarbiger Beleuchtung mikroskopischer Objekte
US2083820A (en) * 1935-03-27 1937-06-15 Bausch & Lomb Microscope filter system
DE2900821A1 (de) * 1979-01-11 1980-07-24 Will Wetzlar Gmbh Immersions-dunkelfeldkondensor

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2416403A (en) * 2004-07-16 2006-01-25 Zeiss Carl Jena Gmbh Microscope objective with illumination with lower aperture
US7796328B2 (en) 2004-07-16 2010-09-14 Carl Zeiss Microimaging Gmbh Laser scanning microscope with illumination perpendicular to the optical axis
WO2008019130A3 (fr) * 2006-08-04 2008-04-24 Us Gov Health & Human Serv système de détection à fluorescence étenduE pour la microscopie à deux photons
US7667210B2 (en) 2006-08-04 2010-02-23 The United States Of America As Represented By The Department Of Health And Human Services Wide-area fluorescence detection system for multi-photon microscopy

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