WO1989003987A1 - Appareil pour le controle qualite d'aiguilles hypodermiques - Google Patents

Appareil pour le controle qualite d'aiguilles hypodermiques Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1989003987A1
WO1989003987A1 PCT/HU1988/000066 HU8800066W WO8903987A1 WO 1989003987 A1 WO1989003987 A1 WO 1989003987A1 HU 8800066 W HU8800066 W HU 8800066W WO 8903987 A1 WO8903987 A1 WO 8903987A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
light
hypodermic
needle
hypodermic needles
output
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/HU1988/000066
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
György ÁKOS
György BALOGH
István HÉJJAS
András Kelemen
Original Assignee
Miki Méréstechnikai Fejleszto^" Vállalat
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from HU469687A external-priority patent/HUT50981A/hu
Application filed by Miki Méréstechnikai Fejleszto^" Vállalat filed Critical Miki Méréstechnikai Fejleszto^" Vállalat
Publication of WO1989003987A1 publication Critical patent/WO1989003987A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
    • G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
    • G01N21/95—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination characterised by the material or shape of the object to be examined
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
    • G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
    • G01N21/8806—Specially adapted optical and illumination features
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
    • G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
    • G01N21/95—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination characterised by the material or shape of the object to be examined
    • G01N21/952—Inspecting the exterior surface of cylindrical bodies or wires
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
    • G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
    • G01N21/95—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination characterised by the material or shape of the object to be examined
    • G01N21/954—Inspecting the inner surface of hollow bodies, e.g. bores

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an apparatus for quality control of hypodermic needles which can be advantageously used for quick control of the tip and dogging-free state of hypodermic needles , consequently for automatic discarding of faulty needles in the course of large-scale serial production.
  • hypodermic needles one of the most important requirement lies in the unobjectionable quality of the tip of the needle .
  • Application of blunt, notchy or hooked needles may result in considerable injury of the body tissue and pains.
  • the aim set lies in the qualit control of each single needle.
  • individual quality control represents the most critical task, as frequently series of the magnitude of several millions are to be controlled.
  • almost exclusively hypodermic needles are used which are discarded after a non-recurrent use.
  • traditional way of quality control of the single tips i. e. microscopic examination of each single hypodermic needle cannot be applied today successfully anymore .
  • the pipe of the needle should be properly permeable for the liquid, i. e. it should not be clogged.
  • Clogged state of a needle-pipe used to occur as a consequence of some technological fault which may happen in the course of production of the needle-pipe and grinding of the tips , whilst contamination and /or grindings may get into the needle-pipe.
  • technological faults may occur in the course of assembling the needle-pipe with the head of the needle, in particular, if assembly is performed so , that the needle-pipe is fixed b y gluing in the head made of some synthetic material. In this case, e. g. due to an inproper adjustment of the assembly machine , adhesive may flow into the inside of the needle -pipe which becomes hardened and results in clogging.
  • the disadvantage of the method lies in that the eyes of the testing person will be quickly exhausted, as a consequence, productivity rapidly decreases and subjective errors become more frequent.
  • Another disadvantageous feature of the method is that it is unsuitable for testing hypodermic needles having been assembled already with the head, that means that clogging occuring during assembly, e. g. due to the adhesive, cannot be detected by means of said method.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for touchless testing of hypodermic needles, which can be successfully applied on high-speed needle assembling machines for automatic detection and discarding of faulty needles.
  • One aspect of the invention concerns an apparatus for qualit control of hypodermic needles, comprising elements for fixing the hypodermic needles, means for emitting light onto the tip of one of the hypodermic needles askew in respect of the axis of the hypodermic needle, means for detecting the light reflected from the tip of the hypodermic needle, signal evaluating means connected to the detecting means and delivery means for displacing partly the fixed hypodermic needles, partly the light emitting means and the light de tecting means in relation to each other.
  • the light emitting means are adapted to emit a flat light bea so that the angle ⁇ between the plane of the flat light beam and the axis of the hypodermic needle is less than 4-5o
  • the light detect ing means comprise an optics with a large angle of sight and a light detector.
  • the angle ⁇ is within the range between 10° and 30°.
  • the apparatus comprises a light source fixed on one side of the delivery means on a place corresponding to the inner bores of the pins , a light detector having an electric output, fixed on the other side of the delivery means opposite to the light source and means for generating an output signal upon a predetermined signal level, said signal generating means being connected to the electric output of the light detector.
  • the light source is provided with an illuminating surface emitting diffuse light.
  • the apparatus according to the invention enables a quick and touchless examination of the two most important qualitative parameters of hypodermic needles, namely the perfectness of the tip and the clogging-free state of the needle-pipe .
  • the application in mass production considerably facilitates the selection of faulty needles, reduces the costs of production and decreases waste.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematical top view of the apparatus according to the invention, well suitable for the mass production of hypodermic needles
  • Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line A-A of Fig. 1 , completed with a block schematic of a signal evaluating unit,
  • Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken along the line B-B of Fig. 2 and
  • Fig. 4. is a sectional view taken along the line C -C of Fig. 1 completed with a block schematic of a signal evaluating unit.
  • identical elements or elements with identical functions, respectively, are indicated with identical reference signs.
  • Fig. 1 illustrates one section of a production line of hypodermic needles with apparatuses for quality control according to the invention.
  • Hypodermic needles 1A, IB and 1C as illustrated here, are provided with heads 2A, 2B and 2C , respectively, as it is shown in Figs. 2 and 4.
  • the heads 2A, 2B and 2C are pulled onto outer ends of pins 3A, 3B and 3C, respectively, constituting fixing elements for the heads 2A, 2B and 2C , said pins are fitted tightly into bores of delivery means 4 formed as a conveyor, out of these the bores 31A and 31C are illustrated in Figs. 2 and 4, respectively.
  • the delivery means 4 forward the hypodermic needles 1A, IB and 1C continuously in the direction as shown by arrow 29.
  • a light emitting means consisting of a light source 16 and a beam shaper 17 with cylindrical lens, as well as light detecting means consisting of a condenser 7 with a large angle of sight and a light detector 8 are arranged.
  • Electric output 9 of the light detector 8 is connected to an input 11 of a comparator 13, while its other input 12 is connected to an output 10 of a reference unit 15.
  • Output 14 of the comparator 13 constitutes one of the outputs of the apparatus generating an evaluating signal.
  • Bot h the light source 1 6 and the beam shaper 17 with cylindrical lens are arranged so that a concentrated flat light beam 6 generated thereby should incide askew onto e. g.
  • the condenser 7 the angle of view of which lies in the range between 30° and 90°, is arranged so that the possibly largest part of the light reflected and scattered from the tip 30A should be projected onto the light-sensitive surface of the light detector 8.
  • the plane of the flat light beam 6 runs trans versely to the direction of advance of the hypodermic needles 1A, 1B and 1C , as it is indicated by the arrow 29.
  • the plane may be perpendicular to the direction of the arrow 29, however, is not necessary. Width w of the flat light beam 6 /Fig.
  • the apparatus illustrated in Figs. 1, 2 and 3 operates as follows. From the light of the light source 1 6 the beam shaper 17 with cylindrical lens produces a concentrated flat light beam 6, which may be parallel or fan-shaped /Fig. 2/. In the course of the motion of the delivery means 4 the tip 30A of the hypodermic needle 1 A passes the light beam 6. In the moment of traversing a light of considerable energy density strikes the tip 30A and , in the case if the tip 30A is blunt, notchy or hooked, light in a considerable quantity will be reflected and scattered thereon, which is collected by the condenser 7 with the large angle of view and projected onto the light detector 8.
  • the light detector 8 Upon the light pulse the light detector 8 outputs an electric pulse with an amplitude being proportional to the light pulse to the input 11 of the comparator 13.
  • the comparator 13 compares the amplitude of the electric pulse with a limit value having been preset on the output 10 of the reference unit 15, e. g. on a voltage dividing potentiometer. In the case if the amplitude of the electric pulse exceeds the limit value, a pulse signal is generated on the output 14 of the comparator 13, indicating the fault of the tip 30A of the just passing hypodermic needle 1 A. That means that the hypodermic needle 1 A is to be removed from the delivery means 4 by means of an automatic selecting unit not illustrated here.
  • a flat light beam 6 in a fan-shaped form can be produced by means of one single convex cylindrical lens when using a punctual source of light 16. How ever, it is considered as more advantageous to use a laser light source 16 with parallel light beam as the required energy density may be obtained easier.
  • the flat light beam 6 in the form of a fan can be produced either by a convex or a concave cylindrical lens. In this case the thickness of the flat light beam 6 will correspond to the diameter of the original laser beam.
  • a parallel flat light beam 6 can be produced from a parallel round laser beam so that in the beam shaper 17 a concave cylindrical lens is arranged, followed in proper distance by a parallelly arranged convex cylindrical lens having a larger focal distance.
  • a light source 16 a semiconductor laser with GaAs as basic material of small size and long useful life can be used. Application of light source 16 with red or infrared light is considered as advantageous from the point of view of the signal-to-noise ratio of the detected signal.
  • a light source 18 and a condenser 19 are fixed opposite thereto and above the delivery means 4 a condenser 20 and a light detector 21 are fixed.
  • the electric output 22 of the light detector 21 is connected to an input 24 of a comparator 26, while its other input 25 is connected to an output 23 of a reference unit 28.
  • the output 27 of the comparator 26 constitutes an output generating an electric signal being in compliance with the clogged state or permeability, respectively.
  • the light source 18 is provided with a diffuse illuminating surface, this can be formed e . g. by an end of a light-conducting cable.
  • the arrangement according to Figs. 1 and 4 operates as follows.
  • the delivery means 4 travel continuously in the direction of arrow 29 and carry the hypodermic needles 1A, 1B and 1 C placed on the pins 3A, 3B and 3C, respectively.
  • the light source 18 is designed so as to emit incoherent scattered light from its frontal surface, that means it behaves so as if every single point of its frontal surface were a punctual light source each with incoherent light.
  • a light-conductive cable made of glass fibres can be applied, one end of . which is illuminated with a light source of white light, while the frontal surface of the other end of the light-conductive cable forms the illuminating surface of the light source 18.
  • the hypodermic needle 1C occupies the position shown in Figs. 1 and 4
  • the condenser 19 projects the light of the light source 18 through the inner bore 5C in the pin
  • the contracted passage 33C behaves so as if it were a diffuse light source radiating in all points, the light of which arrives to the light detector 21 through the pipe of the hypodermic needle 1C and the condenser 20.
  • the light detector 2 outputs an electric pulse to the input 24 of the comparator 26, which compares said pulse with the limit signal level on the input 25 coming from the reference unit 28.
  • the comparator 26 emits an electric pulse on its output 27. This pulse means that the hypodermic needle 1 C just tested complies with the requirements. The absence of this pulse indicates the clogged state of the hypodermic needle 1C , so it is to be removed from the produc tion line.
  • the reference unit 28 can be realized as a simple voltage-dividing potentiometer.
  • the hypodermic needle 1C is qualified as adequate by the apparatus if the light can travel linearly through the pipe of the needle 1C between the contracted passage 33C and the condenser 20. Due to this fact, the apparatus does not qualify the hypodermic needle 1C tested as faulty only in the case, if the pipe is clogged in pneumatic or hydraulic sense, but also in the case, if the pipe is bent, or it is positioned unduly askew in relation to the axis of the head 2C or the pin 3C , respectively. However, this is not at all considered as a fault of the apparatus, rather as an advantage.
  • a bent hypodermic needle 1C or a needle with a slanted pipe may break in the course of use or may be bent even to a larger extent within the body tissue, thus causing injury or pain for the treated patient.
  • E xtent of permissible skewness of the pipe may be prescribed by a proper selection of cross-sections of the condenser 20, as well as of the contracted passage 33C at the end of the bore 5C .
  • the inner bore 5C can be formed in the pin 3C without the contracted passage 33C, too.
  • the task of the condenser 20 lies in to focus the light coming at a solid angle corresponding to the permissible skewness of the pipe to the active surface of the light detector 21 .
  • the condenser 20 becomes superfluous.
  • the task of the condenser 19 lies in to produce a light spot of proper intensity from the light of the light source 18 at the end of the bore 5C in the pin 3C .
  • the condenser 19 may be omitted, too.
  • the advantage of the apparatus according to the invention lies in that it can be built-up from simple and cheap components available in commerce without difficulty.
  • a further advantageous characteristic is that by the application of the apparatus high functional speed can be achieved, as a consequence, the apparatus can be used on presently known high-output production lines for the assembly of hypodermic needles, working with a very short cycle-time.
  • the outputs 14 and 27 of the apparatus generating the electric evaluating signals may be connected to an automatic selecting device not illustrat ed here, which stores the evaluating signals and discards the hypodermic needles which are qualified clogged or have faulty tips and allows to pass only the needles which meet both requirements.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Infusion, Injection, And Reservoir Apparatuses (AREA)

Abstract

L'appareil décrit comporte des éléments (3A, 3B, 3C) pour fixer les aiguilles hypodermiques (1A, 1B, 1C), des moyens (16, 17) pour émettre de la lumière sur la pointe (par exemple 30A) de l'une des aiguilles hypodermiques (par exemple 1A) de biais par rapport à l'axe de l'aiguille hypodermique, des moyens (7, 8) pour détecter la lumière réfléchie par la pointe de l'aiguille hypodermique, des moyens d'évaluation de signaux (13) reliés aux moyens de détection, ainsi qu'un moyen d'amenée (4) pour déplacer partiellement les aiguilles hypodermiques fixées (1A, 1B, 1C), partiellement les moyens d'émission de lumière (16, 17) et les moyens de détection de lumière (7, 8) les uns par rapport aux autres. Les moyens d'émission de lumière (16, 17) sont adaptés pour émettre un faisceau de lumière plat (6) de sorte que l'angle alpha entre le plan du faisceau de lumière plat (6) et l'axe de l'aiguille hypodermique (par exemple 1A) est inférieur à 45°, et les moyens de détection de lumière comportent une optique (7) avec un grand angle de visée et un détecteur de lumière (8). Selon un autre aspect de l'invention, une source de lumière (18) est fixée sur un côté du moyen d'amenée (4) à un emplacement correspondant aux alésages intérieurs (5A, 5B, 5C) des broches (3A, 3B, 3C) assurant la fixation des aiguilles hypodermiques (1A, 1B, 1C) sur le moyen d'amenée (4), et sur l'autre côté dudit moyen d'amenée (4) en regard de la source de lumière (18) est fixé un détecteur de lumière (21) ayant une sortie électrique (22); d'autres moyens (26) permettant de générer un signal de sortie en présence d'un niveau de signal prédéterminé sont reliés à la sortie électrique (22) du détecteur de lumière (21).
PCT/HU1988/000066 1987-10-20 1988-10-20 Appareil pour le controle qualite d'aiguilles hypodermiques WO1989003987A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
HU4695/87 1987-10-20
HU4696/87 1987-10-20
HU469587 1987-10-20
HU469687A HUT50981A (en) 1987-10-20 1987-10-20 Optoelectronic arrangement first of all for mass-testing penetrability of hypodermic needles

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1989003987A1 true WO1989003987A1 (fr) 1989-05-05

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/HU1988/000066 WO1989003987A1 (fr) 1987-10-20 1988-10-20 Appareil pour le controle qualite d'aiguilles hypodermiques

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO1989003987A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102865514A (zh) * 2012-09-18 2013-01-09 上海创波光电科技有限公司 一种表面缺陷检测线光源
JP2016145812A (ja) * 2015-02-03 2016-08-12 株式会社豊田中央研究所 シート面検査用光学系、シート面検査装置およびシート面検査方法

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4213702A (en) * 1978-10-02 1980-07-22 Powers Manufacturing, Inc Glass inspection method and apparatus
DE3029678A1 (de) * 1980-08-01 1982-03-04 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Verfahren und anordnung zur optisch-elektronischen ermittlung von verunreinigungen im bodenbereich von transparenten behaeltern
GB2100865A (en) * 1981-05-04 1983-01-06 Lilly Co Eli Vial inspection machine
DE3608284A1 (de) * 1985-03-12 1986-09-18 Hajime Industries, Ltd., Tokio/Tokyo Vorrichtung zur flaschenpruefung

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4213702A (en) * 1978-10-02 1980-07-22 Powers Manufacturing, Inc Glass inspection method and apparatus
DE3029678A1 (de) * 1980-08-01 1982-03-04 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Verfahren und anordnung zur optisch-elektronischen ermittlung von verunreinigungen im bodenbereich von transparenten behaeltern
GB2100865A (en) * 1981-05-04 1983-01-06 Lilly Co Eli Vial inspection machine
DE3608284A1 (de) * 1985-03-12 1986-09-18 Hajime Industries, Ltd., Tokio/Tokyo Vorrichtung zur flaschenpruefung

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102865514A (zh) * 2012-09-18 2013-01-09 上海创波光电科技有限公司 一种表面缺陷检测线光源
JP2016145812A (ja) * 2015-02-03 2016-08-12 株式会社豊田中央研究所 シート面検査用光学系、シート面検査装置およびシート面検査方法

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