WO1989000218A1

WO1989000218A1 - Anti-vibration track structure to distribute train load

Info

Publication number: WO1989000218A1
Application number: PCT/JP1987/000579
Authority: WO
Inventors: Noliyuky Nacano
Original assignee: Noliyuky Nacano
Priority date: 1987-07-07
Filing date: 1987-07-31
Publication date: 1989-01-12

Abstract

This invention relates to an anti-vibration track structure to distribute a train load. The present invention employs the advantages of a slab ballast for a conventional gravel ballast and improves comfort of passengers, rail road maintenance, prevention of public nuisances caused by vibration and safety at a reduced cost. The invention prevents the ties from being buried into the gravel ballast by use of a net or sheet to which tension is applied and designs a suitable shape of ties in order to distribute a train load more uniformly and widely throughout the ballast as a whole. The vibration is rapidly damped autonomically for each constitutent element of the track structure, thus stabilizing the track structure and reducing the destruction of the track resulting from a local heavy load or vibration. Public nuisances due to vibration caused by a passing train are reduced. Influences of external forces such as earthquakes on the rails are mitigated. The advantage of the railroad, that is, safe, high-speed mass transportation, can thus be improved further.

Description

Description A seismic control track structure in which train loads are distributed.

Detailed description of the invention

(1) Purpose of the invention The maintenance of the roadbed and the roadbed is reduced, and the low-vibration pollution and high-safety when passing through the train are significantly changed. The structure of the conventional ballast track is drastically changed. That is the purpose of the present invention. The track structure may have an intermediate characteristic between a soft ballast ballast that allows its own destruction against train load and an irritating slapping ballast that does not allow residual deformation. In terms of initial investment, maintenance costs, etc., they will be between the two, respectively, but aim for the minimum amount of the total amount of both. All of the components of the track structure will be the source of each vibration when passing through the train, but passively suppress each vibration to reduce the vibration on the entire track structure and its surroundings. By stabilizing the entire track structure, it is possible to save train maintenance and speed up train operation safely.

(2) Structure of the invention

In a conventional ballast track, a track bed gravel is laid on the roadbed, and a rail and a ii tied tree are placed on the track bed.The connection between the sleeper and the track bed gravel prevents the front, rear, left, and right sides of the sleeper from slipping. T ',. Since the train load can be said to be on the gravel bed immediately below the sleepers, it can only be indirectly transmitted to the road between the sleepers and the gravel, so the sleepers sink into the relative bed gravel and .錄 Road or road To prevent burial in the gravels, it is necessary to compact the gravels between the sleepers. In addition, the bedbed gravel piled up on the roadbed: Well, pressure is applied only from the upper surface due to the train load and compaction, and the slope gradually collapses, so it is necessary to compact the slope. The greater the sum of the passing train loads, the greater the relative settlement of the sleepers into the bedrock gravel and the greater the amount of collapse of the bedrock gravel, resulting in an increase in the amount of work required for compaction and compaction. New paper • In the present invention, the roadbed gravel is covered with a net sheet made of a high-strength material. A high tension is applied to the covering material, and a sleeper connected to the rail is laid thereon, and the sleeper and the covering material are joined near the sleeper portion where the load distribution during train congestion is minimal, and the sleeper is connected. Of the roadbed gravel will be prevented not only from front to back and left and right but also vertically. To prevent the crossties from moving back and forth and left and right, it is good to take out the thread from the training center of the covering material and hook the combined thread on the rail and the fastener of the sleeper. In addition, when using a sleeper with a flat underside, by expanding the underside of the sleeper near the part where the compressive stress when passing through the train is minimal, the stress distribution between the sleeper and the roadbed gravel is measured. At the same time, it is possible to improve the fit and suppress the horizontal movement of the sleeper. In the subgrade section, before spraying the subgrade gravel, the net sheet made of a high-strength material was stretched on the subgrade and struck with a wrench. Uniform distribution * can suppress subgrade soil and mud phenomenon. In particular, if a sheet is sandwiched between the gravel bed and the sleeper, the mud phenomena on soft soil roads can be eradicated and the roadbed erosion can be prevented by spraying snowmelt water.

The train load applied through the sleepers is transmitted not only to the bedrock gravel immediately below the sleepers, but also to the upper surface of the bedrock gravel between the sleepers and the slope of the bedrock gravel. By distributing the train load as widely as possible on the surface of the bedrock gravel W, the relative subsidence of the sleepers will be arrested and the need for compaction of the bedrock gravel, which will dominate track maintenance work, will be reduced. At the same time, the train load will be spread on the roadbed and transmitted to the slope of the roadbed gravel, reducing the need to compact the slope. The load imposed by the train load on the roadbed through the roadbed gravel is more evenly and widely dispersed, thereby reducing the roadbed destruction and greatly reducing the need for roadbed straightening. In particular, we will eliminate the mud from the roadbed to the ballast, improve riding comfort, and at the same time, save labor in track-type maintenance work, including ballast cleaning. As a whole, track breakage can be minimized and the need for track maintenance work can be reduced.

By increasing the width and length of the sleepers, and by reducing the pressure applied to the gravel under the sleepers and reducing the pressure, reducing the amount of sleepers subsidence when the same train load is applied is merely a matter of improving the gravel. There is no limit to just putting on this sleeper because of the relationship between stress and strain deformation of the sleeper. However, as in the present invention, it is possible to apply a compressive stress to the sleeper and the roadbed gravel in the vicinity of the sleeper where the load distribution at the time of passing through the train is minimized. Therefore, the effect of labor saving of track maintenance can be sufficiently achieved from long sleepers. On the other hand, in the vicinity of the crossties where the load distribution force becomes maximum when passing through the train, it is better to pull the cladding downward in order to reduce the stress transmission between the crossties and the cladding. A long sleeper was also used to make the sleepers thicker near the sleepers where the load distribution when passing through the train was minimal, and thinner near the sleepers where the load distribution when passing the train was minimal. Although it is effective for use, it is also good to pass a girder in the longitudinal direction parallel to the rail when joining the covering and the sleeper. In any case, the stress distribution on the underside of the sleepers should be uniform to prevent the gravel under the sleepers from hollowing out and greatly reduce the need for tie tamping.

There are two ways to cover roadbed gravel with Net II sheet.

(I) —The whole of the bedrock gravel on the roadbed of a fixed section! A method of completely covering the entire solid surface. Substitute individual slurs for 'sluff' orbitals. In order to prevent the entire movement of the bedrock gravel covered by the covering material, a protrusion may be made from the roadbed to make the covering and catching, or the covering and the roadbed may be fastened at several places. . At the factory, a lump of roadbed gravel is placed in a netting bag made of net sheet and transported to the laying site in advance. Crane with gravel in the bed? ! Hanging a bag of material, it is possible to efficiently disperse a number of pieces. At the time of ballast cleaning, lift the sleepers and rails with a jack, etc., and replace the entire bag of covering material containing gravel on the roadbed. Since the internal ballast can be refilled at the factory, a uniform roadbed gravel thickness is guaranteed. In case (2), the derailment protection rail must be fastened to the crossties, but it can be fastened directly to the crossties as usual, or indirectly to the crossties using rails and sleepers. good. There is no need to lay a net sheet separately between the gravel and the roadbed.

(Iii) A method of covering only a part of the surface such as the top surface or slope of the entire roadbed gravel. Attach anchors to the ends of the cladding to provide tension to the cladding. After crossing the sleeper and the gravel under the child, the anchor of Yasbe is driven into the roadbed to prevent the entire bedrock gravel from moving. There is a simple method to improve the existing track. When a track was newly constructed or a large-scale improvement was made to an existing track, a net sheet made of ffi-tension material was spread on the soil bed and applied with a force to spread the tension before spreading the roadbed gravel. The distribution of compressive stress transmitted from the roadbed gravel to the roadbed is made uniform. Consider enforceability! : Then, it is good to think that the covering material of (I) is divided above and below the roadbed gravel.

For the roadbed section where the mud phenomenon is expected, it is necessary to form the sheet with the bedbed gravel covering material at the part in contact with the roadbed, but if the covering material at that part is a net, it will be placed on the roadbed. You need to spread another sheet.

The size of the net of the coating material is ii! Needless to say, it must be d more than the minimum of each bedrock gravel. Roadbed gravel is degraded and destroyed by repeated loading, and the volume of all ί shrinks from the specified amount. Old pustules that have collapsed and become smaller than the mesh of the covering material can be removed by sucking them out of the net. For ballast cleaning, it is good to remove the anchor once, turn up the covering material, and replenish the roadbed gravel. When you want to increase the amount of roadbed gravel slightly, a new ^ In the case, a small bag of water-permeable ¾ tension material that completely wraps a swelling substance such as quicklime is pressed through a net and watered. The bloating substance rises and fills the inside of the pouch. The sachet has a spherical shape that balances the internal expansion pressure and surface tension, and allows for external load. In particular, if the sheet covers the entire surface of the roadbed gravel, the drain hole ^ may be placed on the T surface ^, ', but the amount of water and air accumulated in the sheet and their fluctuations are effectively controlled. It is possible to further alleviate the vibration of the road ne. If the natural frequency of water or air accumulated inside the sheet due to the train bed compression caused by the train load does not match the 盤 π frequency of the roadbed, the fluid inertia force Slightly damping effect New waiting is possible.

Generally, if a cavity is provided inside a structure and fluid is kept inside, when an external vibration is applied, the internal fluid moves around to cancel the external vibration due to inertia. The shape of the cavity. If the natural frequency of the fluid, which is determined by the viscoelasticity of the human body, matches the natural frequency of the structure itself, the vibration damping effect is greatest. Since all of the components of the S-building, such as the sleepers, the roadbed, the roadbed, and the grave foundations that support the anti-basement, or the vibration elements, an empty liquor containing fluid is installed inside each of them. , ¥ 1 Reduce the total sum of vibrations when passing a car, and contribute to reducing the pollution of railways. Also, in the event of a large external force, such as an earthquake, the sway is considerably reduced. Since it is transmitted to the orbit, safety will be improved. In order to increase the effectiveness of long and tomhiro sleepers due to the covering of the bed, and to improve the spouting of the bed bed gravel and to maintain a constant stress distribution on the underside of the sleepers, Thickness of the bottom part of the bottom * Inflated, as described above, the use of large sleepers is also convenient for installing g-style f-rows in the sleepers: empty sake. It is also convenient for seismic control, but it is also convenient to set up a space where the entire bedrock gravel is united due to being overturned. If a slab track is used, it is only necessary to provide a cavity that stores ί in the joint slab. ”Subbase, Oihi“ For substructures such as piers that support subbase, Similarly, a cavity containing a fluid may be provided inside.

(3) Effects of the Invention One of the biggest difficulties for high-grade trains and high-speed trains is the increase in the amount of work required to maintain the strawberries at the start of the track. This turned out to be a high-speed train, and it was difficult to make a long-term maintenance request. It was not competitive at all. Slough's track certainly saves a lot of maintenance, but it has a stable Positioning by accurate mortar injection is necessary, teaching is difficult, and initial investment will be excessive. In addition, there are various unresolved problems such as noise caused by intense reflections and difficulty in installation at the subgrade squatting subsidence bacterium.

By using the present invention, it is possible to reduce the maintenance of roadbed gravel. Also, since the vehicle load is dispersed and transmitted to the roadbed, it is said that the gravel road thickness is small L in the relative S3 and the roadbed is soft relative to the large shock load generated due to the large axle load and high speed operation. In such a case, a significant reduction in the amount of roadbed breakage is expected, and this will be effective in saving roadbed maintenance. Furthermore, vibration pollution prevention is also effective. In addition, a train running at high speed may cause damage by rolling up gravel on the roadbed.

Therefore, if the present invention is applied to a track structure, not only can the maintenance of the track bed and the roadbed be reduced, so that the maintenance cost can be reduced, but also low pollution and high safety when passing through the train can be achieved at the same time.

Until now, such ideas have not come to light because high tensile strength materials that have low cleave strain under repeated load, are durable, have a small amount of elastic deformation due to the difference in angle, and are naturally insulating. The reason was that it was not available at a low price. However, recently, various types of engineering plastics and other types of 钭 which have such characteristics have been supplied in low quantities and abundantly, and can be fully commercialized.高価 It is good to wrap expensive high tension materials that are weak to shear force with FRP and wrap them in low-strength, low-strength materials.

New ^ Paper

Claims

Claims A high tension applied net sheet is sandwiched between roadbed gravel and sleepers or between roadbed gravel and roadbed to spread the train load as widely and evenly as possible on the roadbed and roadbed. Install a vibration-reducing mechanism that uses fluid inertia for each of the components of the track structure, such as sleepers, roadbeds, roadbeds, and foundation structures that support the roadbed.

New ^ Paper