WO1989000073A1 - Process and device for cleaning filter candles in precoated filters - Google Patents

Process and device for cleaning filter candles in precoated filters Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1989000073A1
WO1989000073A1 PCT/EP1988/000602 EP8800602W WO8900073A1 WO 1989000073 A1 WO1989000073 A1 WO 1989000073A1 EP 8800602 W EP8800602 W EP 8800602W WO 8900073 A1 WO8900073 A1 WO 8900073A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
filter
candle
valve
dirt
compressed air
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP1988/000602
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Paul Koch
Michael Bugarski
Original Assignee
Faudi Feinbau Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Faudi Feinbau Gmbh filed Critical Faudi Feinbau Gmbh
Publication of WO1989000073A1 publication Critical patent/WO1989000073A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D37/00—Processes of filtration
    • B01D37/02—Precoating the filter medium; Addition of filter aids to the liquid being filtered
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
    • B01D29/11—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with bag, cage, hose, tube, sleeve or like filtering elements
    • B01D29/114—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with bag, cage, hose, tube, sleeve or like filtering elements arranged for inward flow filtration
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
    • B01D29/62—Regenerating the filter material in the filter
    • B01D29/66—Regenerating the filter material in the filter by flushing, e.g. counter-current air-bumps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
    • B01D29/62—Regenerating the filter material in the filter
    • B01D29/70—Regenerating the filter material in the filter by forces created by movement of the filter element
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
    • B01D29/50—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition
    • B01D29/52—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition in parallel connection

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for cleaning filter cartridges in precoat filters for liquids, wherein a filter cake located on the outside of the filter cartridge, consisting of a layer of filter aid and a layer of dirt, is dried by a flow of dry air before each renewed connection / emm process on the filter cartridge and by mechanical movement the filter candle is removed from it.
  • a filter aid for example diatomaceous earth
  • the solid particles contained in the contaminated liquid are attached to this filter aid.
  • the filter layer consisting of the filter aid has a significantly smaller pore size than the filter medium underneath.
  • the differential pressure at the filter increases.
  • the filter cake must be cleaned and then precoated again before the filtration can be continued.
  • the filter cake can be cleaned by backwashing with liquid. To do this, the liquid flow is reversed;
  • an air or gas cushion is used in the clean room of the filter housing to increase the backwash flow.
  • a drain valve is opened, the expansion of the air or gas cushion creates a relatively high pressure surge, which leads to a brief, strong flow in the filter cartridges. This will loosen the filter cake and discharge it as sludge when the filter housing is emptied.
  • the sludge obtained in this way still contains a relatively large proportion of liquid and must therefore be prepared and dried in a complex workflow. This happens, for example, in a separate sludge filter.
  • the filter cake is dried out. After reaching a predetermined differential pressure on the filter, compressed air or compressed gas is passed into the dirty space of the filter housing so that the liquid contained therein is pressed out. When the air or gas continues to be supplied, the filter cake is tapped on the filter candles and then thrown off by a mechanical movement of the filter candle.
  • the mechanical movement of the filter candle takes place in a known method (DE-PS 28 28 976) by a vibrating drive which shakes the separating v / and in the filter housing so strongly that the filter cake falls off the filter candles. The design effort required for this is high; In addition, the filter cartridges are heavily stressed by the acceleration forces that occur.
  • a support body carrying the filter sock of the filter candle is connected to a push element and can be moved in the longitudinal direction of the candle in order to blow off the filter cake located on the filter sock.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to provide a method of the type mentioned, which makes it possible to completely clean the filter candle from all residues of the filter cake without having to accept the disadvantages associated with wet cleaning of the discharge of wet sludge.
  • This object is achieved in that the filter candle is backwashed at least after several operating cycles comprising a precoating process, a filtering process and a cleaning process by a flushing flow directed in the opposite direction to the filter flow direction, before a new one. Precoating process takes place.
  • the invention also relates to a device for carrying out the method according to the invention.
  • a device for carrying out the method according to the invention Starting from a known filter device with at least one filter candle, which is arranged on a through-hole of a partition wall, which divides a filter housing of a precoat filter into a clean room and a dirt chamber containing the filter candle, a dirt tank being connected to the dirt chamber via a filter pump and a valve, and a line to the clean room via a valve leads to a clean tank and a compressed air supply line is connected to the dirty room via a valve is the device according to the invention characterized in that a further compressed air supply line is connected to the clean room of the filter housing via a valve.
  • the invention is based on one
  • the drawing shows a simplified circuit diagram of a filter device for liquids.
  • a closed filter housing 1 which is divided into a clean room 3 and a dirty room 4 by a separator 2, a plurality of filter candles are preferably arranged, of which only one filter candle 5 is shown in simplified form in the drawing.
  • the filter candle 5 has a support body (not shown) in the form of a helical spring which carries a filter sock on its outside.
  • the coil spring forms a hollow cylindrical, openwork support body with a profiled outer surface for the filter sock.
  • the filter candle 5 is closed at its lower end; at its upper end, the filter candle 5 is connected to the clean room 3 by a bore in the separating valve 2.
  • a compressed air cylinder 6 forms a cleaning drive for the filter candle 5; its in the filter housing 1 - 6 -
  • the inserted push rod 7 is connected to the lower end of the support body of the filter candle 5 in order to move it in the longitudinal direction.
  • a line 19 branching off the line 17 can be connected to the clean room 3 via a valve 20.
  • a precoat funnel 21 into which a filter aid, for example diatomaceous earth, can be added by means of a metering device 22.
  • a line 23 branches off from line 12 and leads into precoat 21 via a valve 24.
  • the outlet of the precoat funnel 21 can be connected to the line 9 via a line 25 and a three-way valve 26.
  • In the line 25 also opens an intake port 27 from the bottom of the dirt tank 8.
  • the line 9 is connected to an intake port 28 coming from the Rei tank 14.
  • a backwash line 29 leads via a valve 30 into the line 23 opening into the dirt tank 8.
  • a line 31 leads via a valve 32 also in this line 23 and in the dirt tank 8.
  • valves described can be controlled by a common controller for the operation of the precoat filter device described below.
  • the filter pump 10, the cleaning drive 6, the metering device 22 and the cylinder 14 for the sludge discharge are also controlled.
  • the filter housing 1 is filled from the clean tank 14 by the filter pump 10, v / o when the three-way valve 26 makes the connection to the intake manifold 28 and the valve 11 is open.
  • the filter candles 5 are moved by the drive 6 in order to achieve a rinsing effect, so that any adhering residues of filter aids or dirt are removed.
  • Filter aids are introduced into the precoat 21 by the metering device 22.
  • the filter pump 10 conveys the liquid with filter aids from the connecting funnel 21 via the three-way valve 26 and the line 9 into the filter housing 1.
  • the valve 24 is . is opened and the valve 13 is closed, so that the precoat flow in the circuit through the lines 12 and 23 reaches the priming 21 again.
  • the other valves are closed.
  • the liquid to be filtered is pumped out of the dirt tank 8 via the intake port 25, the three-way valve 26, the filter pump 10 and the valve 11 into the dirt space 4 of the filter housing 1.
  • the liquid flows from the outside through the layer of filter aids deposited on the filter stocking of the filter candle 5 into the filter candle, the dirt particles being deposited on the outside of the layer of filter aids.
  • the filtered liquid passes into the clean room 3 and from there through the line 12 and the opened valve 13 into the clean tank 14. The other valves are closed. The filtering process continues until a predetermined differential pressure is established between the dirty space 4 and the clean room 3 due to the increasing dirt deposition on the filter candle 5, so that cleaning of the filter candle 5 is necessary.
  • the filter housing 1 Before the cleaning process, the filter housing 1 is emptied. Compressed air is blown into the filter housing 1 from the line 17 via the valve 18. The liquid portion, which is pressed under the effect of the compressed air injection through the filter candle 5, gets into the clean room 3 and from there via the line 12 and the valve 13 into the clean tank 14. The remaining liquid is through the line 29 and the Valve 30 pressed into the dirt tank 8. A liquid residue remaining in the clean room 3 also reaches the dirt tank 8 via the line 31 and the valve 32. During this " emptying process, the valves 11, 13, 20 and 24 are closed.
  • the filter cake is then dried on the filter candle 5.
  • compressed air is blown further into the dirt space 4 through the opened valve 18.
  • Valves 30 and 32 are opened intermittently in order to remove liquid residues from the clean room 3 and the dirt chamber 4 in the dirt tank 8.
  • the valve 13 or a valve (not shown) connected in parallel, which also opens into the clean tank 14, is opened.
  • valve 18 When the filter cake located on the filter candle 5 is sufficiently dry, the valve 18 is closed and the valves 30 and 32 are opened in order to reduce the pressure in the filter housing 1.
  • the filter cake By mechanical movement of the filter candle 5 by means of the cleaning drive 6, the filter cake is thrown off the filter candle 5 and discharged through the closure 15 into the container 16.
  • the filter candle 5 is backwashed with liquid.
  • the filter housing 1 is first filled from the clean tank 14 by means of the filter pump 10 with the valve 11 open.
  • the valve 24 is open; the other valves are closed.
  • the valve 20 is then opened.
  • the compressed air blown into the clean room 3 from the line 17 presses the liquid out of the clean room 3 in the opposite direction to the filter flow through the filter candle 5. All residues of the filter cake still located on the outside of the filter candle 5 are rinsed off.
  • the liquid flows in through line 9 open valve 11 through the standing filter pump 10 in the dirt tank 8.
  • the three-way valve 26 is set so that the line 9 is connected to the intake port 27 and the intake port 28 is shut off.
  • the valve 30 is opened so that a residual emptying of the dirt space 4 can take place via the line 29. All other valves are closed.
  • the filter housing 1 is filled in the manner described at the beginning before a new operating cycle begins.

Abstract

In a coated filter for liquids, the filter cake formed on the filter candle (5) is dried by blowing compressed air into the dirt chamber (4) of the filter housing (1), thrown off by a mechanical movement of the filter candle (5), and removed from the filter housing (1). To remove filter cake residues remaining on the outside of the filter candle (5), after several operating cycles each of which includes a coating process, a filtration process, and a cleaning process, a rinsing stream is forced through the filter candle (5) in the opposite direction to the filtration flow. This is achieved by blowing compressed air into the clean chamber (3) of the filter housing (1) which is previously filled with liquid. The rinsing stream flows through the stationary filter pump (10) and through a reversible flow pipe (29) into the dirt tank (8).

Description

Verfahren zur Abreinigung von Filterkerzen in Anschwemmfiltern und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des VerfahrensProcess for cleaning filter cartridges in precoat filters and device for carrying out the process
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Abreinigung von Filterkerzen in Anschwemmfiltern für Flüssigkeiten, wobei ein an der Außenseite der Filterkerze befindlicher, aus einer Schicht von Filterhilfsmittel und einer Schmutzschicht bestehender Filterkuchen vor jedem erneuten Anschv/emmvorgang auf der Filterkerze durch eine Trockenluftströmung getrocknet und durch mechanische Eewegung der Filterkerze von dieser abgev/orfen wird.The invention relates to a method for cleaning filter cartridges in precoat filters for liquids, wherein a filter cake located on the outside of the filter cartridge, consisting of a layer of filter aid and a layer of dirt, is dried by a flow of dry air before each renewed connection / emm process on the filter cartridge and by mechanical movement the filter candle is removed from it.
Bei Λnschwemmfiltern wird vor Beginn der Filtration auf der Außenseite der Filterkerze ein Filterhilfsmittel angeschwemmt, beispielsweise Kieselgur. An diesem Filterhilfsmittel werden die in der verschmutzten Flüssigkeit enthaltenen Feststoffpartikel angelagert. Die aus dem Filterhilfsmittel bestehende Filterschicht hat eine wesentlich geringere Porenweite als das darunter befindliche Filtermedium.In the case of flood filters, a filter aid, for example diatomaceous earth, is washed onto the outside of the filter candle before the start of the filtration. The solid particles contained in the contaminated liquid are attached to this filter aid. The filter layer consisting of the filter aid has a significantly smaller pore size than the filter medium underneath.
Mit zunehmender Verschmutzung der Schicht von Filterhilfsmittel steigt der Differenzdruck am Filter an. Bei Erreichen eines vorgegebenen Differenzdrucks muß eine Abreinigung des Filterkuchens und anschließend ein erneuter Anschwemmvorgang erfolgen, bevor die Filtration fortgesetzt werden kann. Die Abreinigung des Filterkuchens kann durch Rückspülung mit Flüssigkeit erfolgen. Hierzu wird der Flüssigkeitsstrom umgekehrt; zur Verstärkung der Rückspülströmung wird in vielen Fällen ein Luft- oder Gaspolster im Reinraum des Filtergehäuses benutzt. Beim Öffnen eines Ablaßventils entsteht durch die Entspannung des Luft- oder Gaspolsters ein verhältnismäßig hoher Druckstoß, der zu einer kurzzeitigen starken Strömung in den Filterkerzen führt. Dadurch wird der Filterkuchen gelöst und bei der Entleerung des Filtergehäuses als Schlamm ausgetragen.With increasing contamination of the filter aid layer, the differential pressure at the filter increases. When a predetermined differential pressure is reached, the filter cake must be cleaned and then precoated again before the filtration can be continued. The filter cake can be cleaned by backwashing with liquid. To do this, the liquid flow is reversed; In many cases, an air or gas cushion is used in the clean room of the filter housing to increase the backwash flow. When a drain valve is opened, the expansion of the air or gas cushion creates a relatively high pressure surge, which leads to a brief, strong flow in the filter cartridges. This will loosen the filter cake and discharge it as sludge when the filter housing is emptied.
Der so erhaltene Schlamm enthält noch einen verhältnismäßig großen Flüssigkeitsanteil und muß deshalb in einem aufwendigen Arbeitsablauf aufbereitet und getrocknet v/erden. Dies geschieht beispielsweise in einem gesonderten Schlammfilter.The sludge obtained in this way still contains a relatively large proportion of liquid and must therefore be prepared and dried in a complex workflow. This happens, for example, in a separate sludge filter.
Bei einem anderen bekannten Verfahren erfolgt ein Trockenaustrag des Filterkuchens. Hierbei wird nach Erreichen eines vorgegebenen Differenzdrucks am Filter Druckluft oder Druckgas in den Schmutzraum des Filtergehäuses geleitet, so daß die darin enthaltene Flüssigkeit herausgedrückt wird. Bei der fortgesetzten Luft- oder Gaszufuhr wird der Filterkuchen auf den Filterkerzen getrodnet und anschließend durch eine mechanische Bewegung der Filterkerze abgeworfen. Die mechanische Bewegung der Filterkerze erfolgt bei einem bekannten Verfahren (DE-PS 28 28 976) durch einen Rüttelantrieb, der die die Filterkerzen tragende Trennv/and im Filtergehäuse so stark rüttelt, daß der Filterkuchen von den Filterkerzen abfällt. Der hierzu erforderliche konstruktive Aufwand ist hoch; außerdem werden die Filterkerzen durch die auftretenden Beschleunigungskräfte stark beansprucht. Bei einem anderen Verfahren gemäß einer zum nicht vorveröffentlichten Stand der Technik gehörenden Patentanmeldung (P 36 34 460.5) ist ein den Filterstrumpf der Filterkerze tragender Stützkörper mit einem Schubelement verbunden und kann in Kerzenlängsrichtung bewegt werden, um den auf dem Filterstrumpf befindlichen Filterkuchen abzusprengen.In another known method, the filter cake is dried out. After reaching a predetermined differential pressure on the filter, compressed air or compressed gas is passed into the dirty space of the filter housing so that the liquid contained therein is pressed out. When the air or gas continues to be supplied, the filter cake is tapped on the filter candles and then thrown off by a mechanical movement of the filter candle. The mechanical movement of the filter candle takes place in a known method (DE-PS 28 28 976) by a vibrating drive which shakes the separating v / and in the filter housing so strongly that the filter cake falls off the filter candles. The design effort required for this is high; In addition, the filter cartridges are heavily stressed by the acceleration forces that occur. In another method according to a patent application (P 36 34 460.5) which does not belong to the prior publication, a support body carrying the filter sock of the filter candle is connected to a push element and can be moved in the longitudinal direction of the candle in order to blow off the filter cake located on the filter sock.
Eine andere, ebenfalls zum nicht vorveröffentlichten Stand der Technik gehörende Patentanmeldung (P 37 04 457.3) sieht vor, den den Filterstrumpf tragenden Stützkδrper als Schraubenfeder auszuführen, die in Längsrichtung verformt werden kann, um den Filterkuchen von der Filterkerze abzusprengen.Another patent application (P 37 04 457.3), which also does not belong to the previously published prior art, provides for the support body carrying the filter stocking to be designed as a helical spring which can be deformed in the longitudinal direction in order to detach the filter cake from the filter candle.
Der Vorteil des eingangs genannten Verfahrens zur Trockenabreinigung von Filterkerzen besteht darin, daß der Filterkuchen in schon fast vollständig getrocknetem Zustand ausgetragen wird, so daß keine aufv/endige Schlammtrocknung mehr erforderlich ist. Da das Absprengen und Lösen des Filterkuchens hierbei rein mechanisch erfolgt, können Teile des Filterkuchens an der Filterkerze zurückbleiben, die bei dem nachfolgenden Anschwemmvorgang eine gleichmäßige Anschwemmung des Filterhilfsmittels stören. Insbesondere wäre es nachteilig, wenn sich Schmutzpartikel, die wesentlich gröber sind als die Partikel des Filterhilfsraittels, unmittelbar am Filterstrumpf ablagern würden, weil dadurch an einzelnen Stellen die Ausbildung der feinporigen Schicht von Filterhilfsmittel unterbrochen wäre.The advantage of the process for dry cleaning filter candles mentioned at the outset is that the filter cake is discharged in an almost completely dried state, so that there is no longer any need for extensive sludge drying. Since the filter cake is blown off and detached purely mechanically, parts of the filter cake can remain on the filter candle, which in the subsequent precoating process disrupts a uniform build-up of the filter aid. In particular, it would be disadvantageous if dirt particles, which are substantially coarser than the particles of the filter aid, would be deposited directly on the filter stocking, because this would interrupt the formation of the fine-pored layer of filter aid at individual points.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es daher, ein Verfahren der eingangs genannten Gattung zu schaffen, das es ermöglicht, die Filterkerze vollständig von allen Resten des Filterkuchens zu reinigen, ohne die mit der Naßabreinigung verbundenen Nachteile des Austrags von nassem Schlamm in Kauf nehmen zu müssen. Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß die Filterkerze mindestens nach mehreren, jeweils einen Anschwemmvorgang, einen Filtervorgang und einen Abreinigungsvorgang umfassenden Betriebszyklen durch eine entgegengesetzt zur Filterstrδmungsrichtung gerichtete Spülströmung rückgespült wird, bevor ein erneuter. Anschwemmvorgang erfolgt.The object of the invention is therefore to provide a method of the type mentioned, which makes it possible to completely clean the filter candle from all residues of the filter cake without having to accept the disadvantages associated with wet cleaning of the discharge of wet sludge. This object is achieved in that the filter candle is backwashed at least after several operating cycles comprising a precoating process, a filtering process and a cleaning process by a flushing flow directed in the opposite direction to the filter flow direction, before a new one. Precoating process takes place.
Durch den Rückspülvorgang v/erden alle an der Filterkerze noch verbliebenen Reste von Filterhilfsmittel und/oder Schmutz vollständig entfernt, so daß bei dem nachfolgenden Anschwemmvorgang sichergestellt ist, daß sich unmittelbar an der Kerzenaußenseite eine zusammenhängede Schicht von Filterhilfsmittel anlagert. Da die durch den Rückspülvorgang abgeschwemmten Reste des Filterkuchens sehr gering sind, kann die Rückspülflüssigkeit in den Schmutztank geleitet werden; ein Schlammaustrag mit der Notwendigkeit nachfolgender Schlammtrocknung ist nicht erforderlich. Die Vorteile der Trockenabreinigung, nämlich der Austrag des weitestgehend schon auf der Filterkerze getrockneten Filterkuchens, bleiben uneingeschränkt erhalten.Through the backwashing process, all residues of filter aids and / or dirt still remaining on the filter candle are completely removed, so that during the subsequent precoating process it is ensured that a coherent layer of filter aids is deposited directly on the outside of the candle. Since the residues of the filter cake washed away by the backwashing process are very small, the backwashing liquid can be fed into the dirt tank; a sludge discharge with the need for subsequent sludge drying is not necessary. The advantages of dry cleaning, namely the discharge of the filter cake that has already largely dried on the filter candle, remain unrestricted.
Die Erfindung betrifft auch eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens. Ausgehend von einer bekannten Filtervorrichtung mit mindestens einer Filterkerze, die an einer Durchtrittsbohrung einer Trennwand angeordnet ist, die ein Filtergehäuse eines Anschwemmfilters in einen Reinraum und einen die Filterkerze enthaltenden Schmutzraum unterteilt, wobei ein Schmutztank über eine Filterpumpe und ein Ventil mit dem Schmutzraum verbunden ist und eine Leitung zum Reinraum über ein.Ventil zu einem Reintank führt und wobei eine Preßluftzuleitung über ein Ventil mit dem Schmutzraum verbunden ist, ist die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine weitere Preßluftzuleitung über ein Ventil mit dem Reinraum des Filtergehäuses verbunden ist.The invention also relates to a device for carrying out the method according to the invention. Starting from a known filter device with at least one filter candle, which is arranged on a through-hole of a partition wall, which divides a filter housing of a precoat filter into a clean room and a dirt chamber containing the filter candle, a dirt tank being connected to the dirt chamber via a filter pump and a valve, and a line to the clean room via a valve leads to a clean tank and a compressed air supply line is connected to the dirty room via a valve is the device according to the invention characterized in that a further compressed air supply line is connected to the clean room of the filter housing via a valve.
Diese weitere Preßluftzuleitung ermöglicht es in konstruktiv sehr einfacher Weise, den RückspülVorgang durchzuführen. Die in den Reinraum des Filtergehäuses geleitete Druckuft oder Druckgas drückt die dort vorhandene Flüssigkeit in entgegengesetzter Richtung durch die Filterkerze bzw. Filterkerzen und reinigt diese. Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen des Erfindungsgedankens sind Gegenstand weiterer Unteransprüche.This additional compressed air supply makes it possible to carry out the backwashing process in a structurally very simple manner. The compressed air or compressed gas led into the clean room of the filter housing presses the liquid present there in the opposite direction through the filter candle or filter candles and cleans them. Further advantageous embodiments of the inventive concept are the subject of further dependent claims.
Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend an einemThe invention is based on one
Ausführungsbeispiel näher erläutert, das in der Zeichnung dargestellt ist.Exemplary embodiment explained, which is shown in the drawing.
Die Zeichnung zeigt ein vereinfachtes Schaltbild einer Filtervorrichtung für Flüssigkeiten. In einem geschlossenen Filtergehäuse 1 , das durch eine Trennv/and 2 in einen Reinraum 3 und einen Schmutzraum 4 unterteilt wird, sind vorzugsweise mehrere Filterkerzen angeordnet, von denen in der Zeichnung nur eine Filterkerze 5 vereinfacht dargestellt ist.The drawing shows a simplified circuit diagram of a filter device for liquids. In a closed filter housing 1, which is divided into a clean room 3 and a dirty room 4 by a separator 2, a plurality of filter candles are preferably arranged, of which only one filter candle 5 is shown in simplified form in the drawing.
Die Filterkerze 5 weist einen (nicht dargestellten) Stützkörper in Form einer Schraubenfeder auf, die an ihrer Außenseite einen Filterstrumpf trägt. Die Schraubenfeder bildet einen hohlzylindrischen, durchbrochenen Stützkörper mit profilierter Außenfläche für den FilterStrumpf. An ihrem unteren Ende ist die Filterkerze 5 verschlossen; an ihrem oberen Ende ist die Filterkerze 5 durch eine Bohrung in der Trennv/and 2 mit dem Reinraum 3 verbunden.The filter candle 5 has a support body (not shown) in the form of a helical spring which carries a filter sock on its outside. The coil spring forms a hollow cylindrical, openwork support body with a profiled outer surface for the filter sock. The filter candle 5 is closed at its lower end; at its upper end, the filter candle 5 is connected to the clean room 3 by a bore in the separating valve 2.
Ein Preßluftzylinder 6 bildet einen Abreinigungsantrieb für die Filterkerze 5; seine in das Filtergehäuse 1 - 6 -A compressed air cylinder 6 forms a cleaning drive for the filter candle 5; its in the filter housing 1 - 6 -
eingeführte Schubstange 7 ist mit dem unteren Ende des Stützkörpers der Filterkerze 5 verbunden, um diese in Längsrichtung zu bev/egen.The inserted push rod 7 is connected to the lower end of the support body of the filter candle 5 in order to move it in the longitudinal direction.
Ein Schmutztank 8, der die zu reinigende Flüssigkeit aufnimmt, ist über eine Leitung 9, eine Filterpumpe 10 und ein Ventil 11 mit dem Schmutzraum 4 verbunden. Aus dem Reinraum 3 führt eine Leitung 12 über ein Ventil 13 in einen Reintank 14, der die gefilterte Flüssigkeit aufnimmt. Am Boden des Schmutzraums 4 ist ein durch einen Zylinder 14 betätigbarer Schlammaustragsverschluß 15 angebracht, der es ermöglicht, den weitgehend getrockneten Schlamm aus dem Schmutzraum 4 in einen darunter befindlichen Behälter 16 auszutragen.A dirt tank 8, which holds the liquid to be cleaned, is connected to the dirt chamber 4 via a line 9, a filter pump 10 and a valve 11. From the clean room 3, a line 12 leads via a valve 13 into a clean tank 14 which receives the filtered liquid. At the bottom of the dirt space 4, a sludge discharge closure 15, which can be actuated by a cylinder 14, is attached, which enables the largely dried sludge to be discharged from the dirt space 4 into a container 16 underneath.
Eine Druckuftleitung 17, die mit einer (nicht dargestellten) Druckuftguelle verbunden ist, ist über ein Ventil 18 mit dem oberen Bereich des Schmutzraums 4 verbindbar. Eine von der Leitung 17 abzweigende Leitung 19 ist über ein Ventil 20 mit dem Reinraum 3 verbindbar.A compressed air line 17, which is connected to a compressed air source (not shown), can be connected to the upper region of the dirty space 4 via a valve 18. A line 19 branching off the line 17 can be connected to the clean room 3 via a valve 20.
Im Schmutztank 8 befindet sich ein Anschwemmtrichter 21 , in den durch eine Dosiereinrichtung 22 ein Filterhilfsmittel, beispielsweise Kieselgur, gegeben werden kann. Von der Leitung 12 ist eine Leitung 23 abgezweigt, die über ein Ventil 24 in den Anschwemmtrichter 21 führt. Der Ausgang des Anschwemmtrichters 21 kann über eine Leitung 25 und ein Dreiwegeventil 26 mit der Leitung 9 verbunden werden. In die Leitung 25 mündet auch ein Ansaugstutzen 27 vom Boden des Schmutztanks 8. In der anderen Stellung des Dreiwegeventils 26 ist die Leitung 9 mit einem aus dem Rei tank 14 kommenden Ansaugstutzen 28 verbunden.In the dirt tank 8 there is a precoat funnel 21, into which a filter aid, for example diatomaceous earth, can be added by means of a metering device 22. A line 23 branches off from line 12 and leads into precoat 21 via a valve 24. The outlet of the precoat funnel 21 can be connected to the line 9 via a line 25 and a three-way valve 26. In the line 25 also opens an intake port 27 from the bottom of the dirt tank 8. In the other position of the three-way valve 26, the line 9 is connected to an intake port 28 coming from the Rei tank 14.
Auf dem unteren Bereich des Schmutzraums 4 führt eine Rückspülleitung 29 über ein Ventil 30 in die in den Schmutztank 8 mündende Leitung 23. Eine Leitung 31 führt über ein Ventil 32 ebenfalls in diese Leitung 23 und in den Schmutztank 8.On the lower area of the dirt space 4, a backwash line 29 leads via a valve 30 into the line 23 opening into the dirt tank 8. A line 31 leads via a valve 32 also in this line 23 and in the dirt tank 8.
Alle beschriebenen Ventile können durch eine gemeinsame Steuerung für den im folgenden beschriebenen Betriebsablauf der Anschwemmfiltervorrichtung gesteuert v/erden. Ebenso v/erden die Filterpumpe 10, der Reinigungsantrieb 6, die Dosiereinrichtung 22 und der Zylinder 14 für den Schlammaustrag gesteuert.All of the valves described can be controlled by a common controller for the operation of the precoat filter device described below. The filter pump 10, the cleaning drive 6, the metering device 22 and the cylinder 14 for the sludge discharge are also controlled.
Vor Inbetriebnahme der Anschwemmfiltervorrichtung sind alle Ventile geschlossen; das Dreiwegeventil 26 befindet sich in der Stellung, in der der aus dem Schmutztank 8 herausführende Ansaugstutzen 27 mit der Leitung 9 verbunden ist.Before starting the precoat filter device, all valves are closed; the three-way valve 26 is in the position in which the intake pipe 27 leading out of the dirt tank 8 is connected to the line 9.
Zunächst wird das Filtergehäuse 1 aus dem Reintank 14 durch die Filterpumpe 10 gefüllt, v/obei das Dreiwegeventil 26 die Verbindung zum Ansaugstutzen 28 herstellt und das Ventil 11 geöffnet ist. Während des Füllvorgangs werden die Filterkerzen 5 durch den Antrieb 6 bewegt, um eine Spülwirkung zu erreichen, so daß möglicherweise anhaftende Reste von Filterhilfsmittel oder Schmutz entfernt werden.First, the filter housing 1 is filled from the clean tank 14 by the filter pump 10, v / o when the three-way valve 26 makes the connection to the intake manifold 28 and the valve 11 is open. During the filling process, the filter candles 5 are moved by the drive 6 in order to achieve a rinsing effect, so that any adhering residues of filter aids or dirt are removed.
Durch die Dosiereinrichtung 22 v/ird Filterhilfsmittel in den Anschwemmtrichter 21 gegeben. Während des Anschwemmvorgangs fördert die Filterpumpe 10 die Flüssigkeit mit Filterhilfsmittel aus dem Anschv/emmtrichter 21 über das Dreiwegeventil 26 und die Leitung 9 in das Filtergehäuse 1. Das Ventil 24 ist. geöffnet und das Ventil 13 ist geschlossen, so daß die Anschwemmströmung im Kreislauf durch die Leitungen 12 und 23 wieder in den Anschv/emmtrichter 21 gelangt. Die übrigen Ventile sind dabei geschlossen. Für den anschließenden Filtervorgang wird die zu filtrierende Flüssigkeit aus dem Schmutztank 8 über den Ansaugstutzen 25, das Dreiv/egeventil 26, die Filterpumpe 10 und das Ventil 11 in den Schmutzraum 4 des Filtergehäuses 1 gepumpt. Die Flüssigkeit strömt von außen durch die auf dem Filterstrumpf der Filterkerze 5 angelagerte Schicht von Filterhilfsmittel in die Filterkerze hinein, wobei sich die Schmutzpartikel an der Außenseite der Schicht von Filterhilfsmittel .ablagern. Die filtrierte Flüssigkeit gelangt in den Reinraum 3 und von dort durch die Leitung 12 und das geöffnete Ventil 13 in den Reintank 14. Die übrigen Ventile sind hierbei geschlossen. Der Filtervorgang v/ird fortgesetzt, bis sich durch die zunehmende Schmutzablagerung an der Filterkerze 5 ein vorgegebener Differenzdruck zwischen dem Schmutzraum 4 und dem Reinraum 3 einstellt, so daß eine Abreinigung der Filterkerze 5 notwendig v/ird.Filter aids are introduced into the precoat 21 by the metering device 22. During the precoating process, the filter pump 10 conveys the liquid with filter aids from the connecting funnel 21 via the three-way valve 26 and the line 9 into the filter housing 1. The valve 24 is . is opened and the valve 13 is closed, so that the precoat flow in the circuit through the lines 12 and 23 reaches the priming 21 again. The other valves are closed. For the subsequent filtering process, the liquid to be filtered is pumped out of the dirt tank 8 via the intake port 25, the three-way valve 26, the filter pump 10 and the valve 11 into the dirt space 4 of the filter housing 1. The liquid flows from the outside through the layer of filter aids deposited on the filter stocking of the filter candle 5 into the filter candle, the dirt particles being deposited on the outside of the layer of filter aids. The filtered liquid passes into the clean room 3 and from there through the line 12 and the opened valve 13 into the clean tank 14. The other valves are closed. The filtering process continues until a predetermined differential pressure is established between the dirty space 4 and the clean room 3 due to the increasing dirt deposition on the filter candle 5, so that cleaning of the filter candle 5 is necessary.
Vor dem Abreinigungsvorgang v/ird das Filtergehäuse 1 entleert. Aus der Leitung 17 wird Preßluft über das Ventil 18 in das Filtergehäuse 1 eingeblasen. Der Flüssigkeitsanteil, der unter der Wirkung der Preßlufteinblasung durch die Filterkerze 5 gedrückt v/ird, gelangt in den Reinraum 3 und von dort über die Leitung 12 und das Ventil 13 in den Reintank 14. Die übrige - Flüssigkeit wird durch die Leitung 29 und das Ventil 30 in den Schmutztank 8 gedrückt. Ein im Reinraum 3 verbleibender Flüssigkeitsrest gelangt über die Leitung 31 und das Ventil 32 ebenfalls in den Schmutztank 8. Bei " diesem Entleervorgang sind die Ventile 11, 13, 20 und 24 geschlossen.Before the cleaning process, the filter housing 1 is emptied. Compressed air is blown into the filter housing 1 from the line 17 via the valve 18. The liquid portion, which is pressed under the effect of the compressed air injection through the filter candle 5, gets into the clean room 3 and from there via the line 12 and the valve 13 into the clean tank 14. The remaining liquid is through the line 29 and the Valve 30 pressed into the dirt tank 8. A liquid residue remaining in the clean room 3 also reaches the dirt tank 8 via the line 31 and the valve 32. During this " emptying process, the valves 11, 13, 20 and 24 are closed.
Anschließend erfolgt das Trocknen des Filterkuchens auf der Filterkerze 5. Zu diesem Zweck v/ird weiter durch das geöffnete Ventil 18 Druckuft in den Schmutzraum 4 geblasen. Die Ventile 30 und 32 werden intermittierend geöffnet, um anfallende Flüssigkeitsreste aus dem Reinraum 3 und dem Schmutzraum 4 in den Schmutztank 8 auszuschleusen. Zur Abführung der Luft aus dem Reinraum 3 v/ird das Ventil 13 oder ein dazu parallel geschaltetes (nicht dargestelltes) Ventil geöffnet, das ebenfalls in den Reintank 14 mündet.The filter cake is then dried on the filter candle 5. For this purpose, compressed air is blown further into the dirt space 4 through the opened valve 18. Valves 30 and 32 are opened intermittently in order to remove liquid residues from the clean room 3 and the dirt chamber 4 in the dirt tank 8. To remove the air from the clean room 3, the valve 13 or a valve (not shown) connected in parallel, which also opens into the clean tank 14, is opened.
Wenn der auf der Filterkerze 5 befindliche Filterkuchen ausreichend getroclcnet ist, v/ird das Ventil 18 geschlossen und die Ventile 30 und 32 werden geöffnet, um den Druck im Filtergehäuse 1 abzubauen. Durch mechanische Bewegung der Filterkerze 5 mittels des Reinigungsantriebs 6 v/ird der Filterkuchen von der Filterkerze 5 abgeworfen und durch den Verschluß 15 in den Behälter 16 ausgetragen.When the filter cake located on the filter candle 5 is sufficiently dry, the valve 18 is closed and the valves 30 and 32 are opened in order to reduce the pressure in the filter housing 1. By mechanical movement of the filter candle 5 by means of the cleaning drive 6, the filter cake is thrown off the filter candle 5 and discharged through the closure 15 into the container 16.
Im Normalfall, d.h. wenn noch keine zusätzliche Abreinigung der Filterkerze 5 erforderlich ist, beginnt nun wieder der nächste Betriebszyklus mit dem anfangs beschriebenen Füllen des Filtergehäuses 1.Normally, i.e. if no additional cleaning of the filter candle 5 is required, the next operating cycle now begins again with the filling of the filter housing 1 described at the beginning.
Nach mehreren Betriebszyklen v/ird eine Rückspülung der Filterkerze 5 mit Flüssigkeit durchgeführt. Dazu wird zunächst das Filtergehäuse 1 mittels der Filterpumpe 10 bei geöffnetem Ventil 11 aus dem Reintank 14 gefüllt. Das Ventil 24 ist geöffnet; die übrigen Ventile sind geschlossen. Anschließend v/ird das Ventil 20 geöffnet. Die aus der Leitung 17 in den Reinraum 3 eingeblasene Druckluft drückt die Flüssigkeit aus dem Reinraum 3 entgegengesetzt zu der Filterströmungsrichtung durch die Filterkerze 5. Dabei v/erden alle noch an der Außenseite der Filterkerze 5 befindlichen Reste des Filterkuchens abgespült. Durch die Leitung 9 strömt die Flüssigkeit bei geöffnetem Ventil 11 durch die stehende Filterpumpe 10 in den Schmutztank 8. Das Dreiwegeventil 26 ist dabei so eingestellt, daß die Leitung 9 mit dem Ansaugstutzen 27 verbunden ist und der Ansaugstutzen 28 abgesperrt ist. Das Ventil 30 ist geöffnet, so daß eine Restentleerung des Schmutzraums 4 über die Leitung 29 erfolgen kann. Alle übrigen Ventile sind geschlossen.After several operating cycles, the filter candle 5 is backwashed with liquid. For this purpose, the filter housing 1 is first filled from the clean tank 14 by means of the filter pump 10 with the valve 11 open. The valve 24 is open; the other valves are closed. The valve 20 is then opened. The compressed air blown into the clean room 3 from the line 17 presses the liquid out of the clean room 3 in the opposite direction to the filter flow through the filter candle 5. All residues of the filter cake still located on the outside of the filter candle 5 are rinsed off. The liquid flows in through line 9 open valve 11 through the standing filter pump 10 in the dirt tank 8. The three-way valve 26 is set so that the line 9 is connected to the intake port 27 and the intake port 28 is shut off. The valve 30 is opened so that a residual emptying of the dirt space 4 can take place via the line 29. All other valves are closed.
Nach Beendigung des Rückspülvorgangs wird das Filtergehäuse 1 in der eingangs beschriebenen Weise gefüllt, bevor ein erneuter Eetriebszyklus beginnt. After the backwashing process has ended, the filter housing 1 is filled in the manner described at the beginning before a new operating cycle begins.

Claims

Verfahren zur Abreinigung von Filterkerzen in Anschwemmfiltern und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des VerfahrensP a t e n t a n s p r ü c h e Process for cleaning filter cartridges in precoat filters and device for carrying out the process
1. Verfahren zur Abreinigung von Filterkerzen in Anschv/emmfiltern für Flüssigkeiten, v/obei,ein an der Außenseite der Filterkerze befindlicher, aus einer Schicht von Filterhilfsmittel und einer Schmutzschicht bestehender Filterkuchen vor jedem erneuten Anschwemmvorgang auf der Filterkerze durch eine Trockenluftströmung getrocknet und durch mechanische Bewegung der Filterkerze von dieser abgev/orfen v/ird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Filterkerze (5) mindestens nach mehreren, jeweils einen Anschwemmvorgang, einen Filtervorgang und einen Abreinigungsvorgang umfassenden Betriebszyklen durch eine entgegengesetzt zur Filterströmungsrichtung gerichtete Spülströmung rückgespült v/ird, bevor ein erneuter1.Procedure for cleaning filter candles in connecting filters for liquids, v / obei, a filter cake located on the outside of the filter candle and consisting of a layer of filter aid and a layer of dirt before each new precoating process on the filter candle dried by a flow of dry air and by mechanical means Movement of the filter candle is / are detected, characterized in that the filter candle (5) is backwashed at least after several operating cycles comprising a precoating process, a filtering process and a cleaning process by a flushing flow directed in the opposite direction to the filter flow direction, before an again
Anschwemmvorgang erfolgt.Precoating process takes place.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Spülströmung in den Zulauf (9) für die ungefilterte Flüssigkeit gedrückt wird.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the flushing flow is pressed into the inlet (9) for the unfiltered liquid.
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Spülströmung durch Beaufschlagung einer die Filterkerze (5) umgebenden Flüssigkeitsmenge durch Druckluft oder -gas an der Reinseite erfolgt. 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the flushing flow takes place by acting on a quantity of liquid surrounding the filter candle (5) by compressed air or gas on the clean side.
4. Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3 mit mindestens einer Filterkerze, die an einer Durchtrittsbohrung einer Trennv/and angeordnet ist, die ein Filtergehäuse eines Λnschwemmfilters in einen Reinraum und einen die Filterkerze enthaltenden Schmutzraum unterteilt, wobei ein Schmutztank über eine Filterpumpe und ein Ventil mit dem Schmutzraum verbunden ist und eine Leitung zum Reinraum über ein Ventil zu einem Reintank führt und wobei eine Preßluftzuleitung über ein Ventil mit dem Schmutzraum verbunden ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine v/eitere Preßluftzuleitung (19) über ein Ventil (20) mit dem Reinraum (3) des Filtergehäuses (1) verbunden ist.4. Apparatus for carrying out the method according to one of claims 1 to 3 with at least one filter candle, which is arranged on a through-hole of a separating v / and which divides a filter housing of an Λnschwemmfilter into a clean room and a dirt chamber containing the filter candle, a dirt tank above a filter pump and a valve is connected to the dirty space and a line to the clean room leads to a clean tank via a valve and a compressed air supply line is connected to the dirty space via a valve, characterized in that a further compressed air supply line (19) is connected via a valve (20) with the clean room (3) of the filter housing (1).
5. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine durch ein Ventil (30) verschließbare Rückspülleitung (29) aus dem Schmutzraum (4) des Filtergehäuses (1 ) in den Schmutztank (8) führt. 5. Apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that a backwash line (29) which can be closed by a valve (30) leads from the dirty space (4) of the filter housing (1) into the dirt tank (8).
PCT/EP1988/000602 1987-07-06 1988-07-06 Process and device for cleaning filter candles in precoated filters WO1989000073A1 (en)

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DEP3722238.4 1987-07-06
DE19873722238 DE3722238A1 (en) 1987-07-06 1987-07-06 METHOD FOR CLEANING FILTER CANDLES IN precoat filters and DEVICE FOR IMPLEMENTING THE METHOD

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DE4439806C2 (en) * 1994-11-08 1997-08-21 Rudolf Hofer Process for cleaning and disposal of used filter cartridges
DE10029963A1 (en) * 2000-06-26 2002-01-03 Volkswagen Ag Filtering liquid phosphatizing liquid comprises directly introducing additive to liquid added to filtering device
DE102011121406A1 (en) 2011-12-17 2012-06-21 Daimler Ag Cleaning device for coolant and lubricant, comprises dirt tank, filter unit, and cleaning tank, where dirt tank stands in fluid connection with filter unit and filter unit with cleaning tank

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