WO1988006213A1 - Systeme de construction omniforme - Google Patents

Systeme de construction omniforme Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1988006213A1
WO1988006213A1 PCT/US1987/000345 US8700345W WO8806213A1 WO 1988006213 A1 WO1988006213 A1 WO 1988006213A1 US 8700345 W US8700345 W US 8700345W WO 8806213 A1 WO8806213 A1 WO 8806213A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
walls
module
bracing
ceiling
wall
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1987/000345
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Hanns U. Baumann
Original Assignee
Baumann Hanns U
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to US06/729,747 priority Critical patent/US4644709A/en
Priority claimed from US06/729,747 external-priority patent/US4644709A/en
Application filed by Baumann Hanns U filed Critical Baumann Hanns U
Publication of WO1988006213A1 publication Critical patent/WO1988006213A1/fr

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/348—Structures composed of units comprising at least considerable parts of two sides of a room, e.g. box-like or cell-like units closed or in skeleton form
    • E04B1/34815—Elements not integrated in a skeleton
    • E04B1/34823—Elements not integrated in a skeleton the supporting structure consisting of concrete
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B7/00—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
    • B28B7/22—Moulds for making units for prefabricated buildings, i.e. units each comprising an important section of at least two limiting planes of a room or space, e.g. cells; Moulds for making prefabricated stair units

Definitions

  • This invention relates generally to multi-story building structures, and more specifically to the pre ⁇ fabricated modules used in their construction.
  • the present invention provides a very light pre- fabricated module which is completely finished inside, but still has the structural integrity for installation into a multi-story building. This is accomplished throu the use of a collapsible, soft-faced internal bracing system, which allows the vertical walls to contain very little structure beyond the internal finished material.
  • a primary object therefore, is to provide a structural module that allows maximum amount of pre- fabrication to be done before transporting to the build ⁇ ing site.
  • a further object is to design an internal brac ⁇ ing system that cooperates with a light construction module to resist transporting and erection loads.
  • Another object is the provision of a living unit of minimum weight that can be craned to the upper floors of a multi-story building.
  • a still further object is to develop a bracing system that can be collapsed and reused on many subsequent modules. Still another object is to provide a system for internal bracing that does not damage finished walls and floors.
  • a final object is to provide a structural module whose floor, sides and ceiling can be poured contiguously and raised into position while connected.
  • the Omniform building system involves the fabrica ⁇ tion and finishing modular living spaces such as a hotel room or an apartment unit.
  • a simple structure is described relative to the system of fabrication and assembly, but the finished unit may contain a bathroom or kitchen.
  • One way this may be accomplished is through the use of my U.S. Pat ⁇ ent 4,447,996, issued May 15, 1984 to Maurer, Baumann and atkins.
  • a completed sub-unit cubicle is replaced by removal through an exterior opening and a new cubicle is rolled into place through the balcony open ⁇ ing of a previously installed module.
  • the removable interior bracing system is designed so that prefinished inside surfaces will not be damaged during transport, erection and on-site concrete placement of bearing-shear walls between units.
  • the module with reinforcing steel attached When craned into place, the module with reinforcing steel attached, will normally be positioned 6 1/2" from an adjacent unit and concrete poured into the resulting void.
  • the wet concrete exerts a maximum lateral load of about 1500 pounds per square foot, depending on the pouring rate.
  • the wall After curing, the wall has a minimum two-hour fire rating, an acceptable acoustical insulation rating and sufficient bearing and shear strength for a building of 160 feet in height, in seismic zones 3 and 4.
  • the outside wall for end units when installed at the building site, may be poured into a space-frame cored wall as described in my U.S. Patent 3,407,560 issued 29 October 1968.
  • the internal bracing system is made up of a multi ⁇ plicity of light sections for ease of handling. Generally, two flat vertical panels of about 3 feet in width are placed against opposing vertical walls of the module. An adjustable tubular bracing assembly is unfolded against each panel, and the two assemblies are placed against each other at the lateral center of the room. Extension of the tube lengths presses outwardly against both vertical panels and supports the thin walls during transport and erection at the site. Other similar sections are added through the length of the module and knock-down furniture, drapes, etc. can be placed inside, to be available when needed. After the module has been placed in position on the building -structure, and both side walls have been poured and cured, each bracing section is removed by collapsing the tubular assemblies and passing them out of a balcony or down a stairwell.
  • Fig. 1 is a parallel perspective drawing of a completed module with bracing of the preferred embodiment in place.
  • Fig. 2 is an end view of the preferred constructio as cast, with partial wall erection positions shown in phantom. An alternate bracing system is shown ready to accept the walls when erected.
  • Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken along plane 3-3 in Fig. 1, showing the preferred wall-bracing structure ceiling and floor ribbed sections.
  • Fig. 4 shows an end view of the preferred bracing system, taken along plane 4-4 in Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 5 is a sectional view looking upward along plane 5-5 in Fig. 4.
  • Fig. 6 is a sectional view looking downward along plane 6-6 in Fig. 4.
  • Fig. 7 is an end view of another alternate bracing system, taken along plane 4-4 in Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 8 is a slant section taken along lines 8-8 in Fig. 7.
  • Fig. 9 is similar to Fig. 7, with the bracing syst partially collapsed.
  • the prefabricated module of my invention can be essentially completed at the factory. Since it will rece temporary internal bracing during transport and erection, the module can have thin vertical walls. After a crane has placed the module adjacent another unit at the site, the space between walls is filled with concrete to provid structural integrity. After the concrete has cured, the internal bracing is removed by collapsing and passing it through a doorway in the module.
  • a preferred method of constructing the module will also be described in detail, but it is not the only way to manufacture the unit. Any combination of material that provides vertical walls incapable of withstanding a uniform side load of 15 pounds per square foot would benefit from my invention. This load is estimated as the average wind load encountered during transport to the sit
  • Fig. 1 shows a compl module 1, with end wall removed for clarity.
  • An internal system is shown in place, ready for transporting and crani
  • Module 1 consists of cast floor panel 2, cast ceiling pane 3 and vertical walls 4 and 5. These walls can be fabricat from gypsum board or cast of light weight concrete.
  • Welde wire fabric 6 is attached to the outer surface of walls 4 and 5, and serves to bind the walls to the final concrete wall poured on erection at the site.
  • Module 1 can have the inner surfaces completed, including wallpaper and carpeting.
  • honeycomb door panels 7 have outer surfac 8 padded by a material such as bubble-formed polyethylene.
  • FIG. 2 A method of construction for module 1 is shown in Fig. 2.
  • Forms for pouring light-weight concrete are align horizontally, including floor form 16, ceiling form 17 and wall forms 18 and 19.
  • Wall 4 and ceiling panel 3 are poured and interconnected by hinges 20.
  • Wall 5 and floor panel 2 are poured and interconnected by hinges 21.
  • Wall 4 is also connected to floor panel 2 by hinges 22.
  • Wall-bracing system 23 is" erected above floor panel 2 and wall 5 is hinged into an upright position against vertical panel 24 of bracing system 23. Since wal 5 is very thin, form 19 remains connected to wall 5 until it is in place against panel 24, then removed. Ceiling panel 3 is hinged out of form 17 into an upright position, since it is stiffened by transverse ribs 25, best seen in Fig. 1. Wall 4, together with form 18, is hinged into an upright position against vertical panel 26, thus placing ceiling panel 3 into position for attaching the free end to the top of wall 5.
  • Rotatable sleeves 27 cooperate with oppositely threaded ends of tubes 28 and 29 to form an adjustable diagonal member as part of wall-bracing system 23.
  • the lower ends of tubes 29 are attached to horizontal transverse member 30, and the upper ends of tubes 28 are fastened to vertical structural member 31.
  • Transverse members 30 are adjustably connected by compression bolts 32, best seen in Fig. 7.
  • Fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view taken alo place 3-3 in Fig. 1, and shows the ribbed nature of cast floor panel 2 and ceiling panel 3.
  • Structural frames 9 are shown to be held in alignment by longitudinal channel 10 and 11.
  • Vertical longerons 33 are joined together by ribs 34, with all members being channel-shaped, and con ⁇ taining lightening holes wherever possible.
  • the bracing system shown in Fig. 4 is the preferre embodiment, and is also the one shown in Fig. 1.
  • Honeyco panel 7 has its outer surface 8 padded with bubble-formed polyethylene sheet 35 to protect the inner surface of wall 4.
  • Structural frame 9 is held against panel 7 by upper longitudinal channel 10 and lower channel 11.
  • Upper fitti 12 supports channel 10 and is held captive to adjustable diagonal member 14 by threaded rod 36, since transverse shaft portion 37 passes through end fitting 12 and has an expanded end 38 on the far side ' of the fitting.
  • This attachment is best seen in Fig. 5, and is also typical of the connection between horizontal tubular brace 15 and end fitting 13, which presses against lower longitudinal channel 11.
  • Threaded rods 39 extend from the opposite, or inboard, ends of tubular braces 14 and 15. These rods also have transverse shaft portions 40, but longer and without an expanded end. The threads are opposite from those on rods 36, so that rotation of tubular braces 14 and 15 changes the distance between the transverse shaft portions at opposite ends of the braces.
  • Central fitting 41 has holes 42 which accept transverse shafts 40 but do not hold them captive. Further details of the attachment of tubular brace - 14 to end fitting 12 are shown in Fig. 5.
  • Threaded rod 36 is seen to have shaft portion 37 passing through fitting 12, and to have expanded end 38 holding it captive thereto.
  • Channel 10 is shown pressing against structural frame 9, made up of longerons 33 and horizontal ribs 34.
  • Door panel 7 are sectioned to show the honeycomb centers.
  • Fig. 6 shows further details of the connections between central fitting 41 and threaded rods 39.
  • Transvers shaft portion 40 indexes into holes 42, but can easily be withdrawn for removal of the bracing system from module 1.
  • the use of two holes per shaft in fitting 41 provides stability of the connection during load transfer between braces.
  • a third and higher diagonal brace could be added if required to spread the transverse load during erection.
  • An alternate bracing system is shown in Fig. 7, with wall 4 reinforced by vertical door panel 7, held in place by structural frame 9.
  • the vertical longerons of frame 9 are slotted at their upper ends and hinged to horizontal members 43 at their lower ends.
  • Two adjustable diagonal tube assemblies are shown, although collapsible bracing section 44 could function with only one.
  • Tube assemblies 45 and 46 are similar to those shown in Fig. 2.
  • rotatable sleeve 47 cooperates with oppositely threaded ends of tubes 48 and n 49 to provide adjustable length.
  • Upper tube 48 has rotatab attachment 50 to frame 9
  • lower tube 49 has a slidable attachment to horizontal linear member 43 by indexing into slot 51 in member 43.
  • the outboard end of slot 51 is widened on the lower side to provide a locking position for tube 49.
  • Outer tube assembly 46 has rotatable sleeve 52 providing adjustment with oppositely threaded ends of tubes 53 and 54.
  • lower tube 54 has rotatable attachment 55 to linear member 43, but to the opposite flange.
  • Upper tube 53 has a slidable attachment to frame 9 by indexing into slot 54 in the longeron of adjacent fram 9.
  • the lower end of slot 54 is widened on the outboard side to provide locking for tube 53.
  • These attachments a also shown in slant section in Fig. 8, taken along lines 8-8 in Fig. 7.
  • Horizontal members 43 are adjustably connected at the module center line by compression bolts 32, previously identified in Fig. 2. Nuts 56 are welded to right side member 43 on the near side only. Bolts 32 cooperate with locknuts 57 to hold flange 58 into position. On the far side of members 43, the assembly is reversed, with nuts 56 welded to left side member 43. This arrangement allows all bracing sections to be interchangeable.
  • outer wall 4 and door panels 7 are shown at the top.
  • Structural frames 9 are shown to be mad up of longerons 33 and ribs 34, as- previously shown in Fig. 3.
  • Inner tube assembly 45 is shown to have a rotatab attachment 50 to longeron 33 of frame 9 on the right, whil outer tube assembly 46 has a slidable attachment to longer 33 of frame 9 on the left, " through slot 54.
  • Fig. 9 shows the bracing section 44 of Fig. 7 partially collapsed for removal from module 1.
  • rotatable attachment 55 of outer tube assembly 46 is removed from member 43, and assembly 46 is slid up into slot 54 and pivoted into position 59.
  • the lower end of inner tube assembly 45 is then slid horizontally in slot 51 as frame 9 is hinged into a horizontal position about the outer end of member 43.
  • Door panels 7 are removed separately, since they are not connected to structural frames 9. This allows each portion of the bracing section 44 to be lighter and easier to handle.
  • prefabricated modules 1 When prefabricated modules 1 are awaiting erection at the site of a multi-story building, their vertical wall are always supported from inside by a multiplicity of internal bracing systems.
  • a module is placed approximately 6 " from an existing module, and concrete is poured between the adjacent walls. After the concrete has cured, the internal bracing sections are collapsed within the previously existing module, and removed through one end, either balcony or stairwell.
  • module 1 is placed approximately 6 inches from an existing module at a desired location for an outsid wall.
  • a vertical form must be erected at the outer surface location for the wall, and concrete poured between adjacent walls of the modules, and inside the outside wall form.
  • the internal bracing sections can then be removed after the concrete has cured.
  • An alternate method is the use of a space frame cored wall into which the concrete is poured.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Conveying And Assembling Of Building Elements In Situ (AREA)

Abstract

Un module de construction préfabriqué peut être essentiellement achevé avant d'être transporté sur le chantier de construction. Des murs fins (4) ainsi qu'une structure de plancher (2) et de plafond (3), sont fabriqués sur un plan aligné avec le plancher et reliés par des charnières (20) et (21). Après finition complète des surfaces intérieures par la pose de revêtement mural et de sol, le plafond et les deux murs sont assemblés par charnière dans leur position finale, avec des coffrages de renfort provisoires externes comme renforts. Des contre-fiches à surface lisse internes (23) sont montées pour soutenir les deux murs avant de retirer les coffrages de renfort extérieurs. Cette armature permet de transporter et de lever avec une grue le module achevé jusqu'aux étages supérieurs d'une construction à plusieurs étages. L'unité est suffisamment légère pour permettre que des meubles désassemblés soient transportés à l'intérieur.
PCT/US1987/000345 1985-05-02 1987-02-11 Systeme de construction omniforme WO1988006213A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US06/729,747 US4644709A (en) 1985-05-02 1985-05-02 Omniform building system

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US06/729,747 US4644709A (en) 1985-05-02 1985-05-02 Omniform building system

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1988006213A1 true WO1988006213A1 (fr) 1988-08-25

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US1987/000345 WO1988006213A1 (fr) 1985-05-02 1987-02-11 Systeme de construction omniforme

Country Status (1)

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WO (1) WO1988006213A1 (fr)

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2548935A (en) * 1947-09-05 1951-04-17 Vacuum Concrete Inc Method of molding joints between spaced structural members
US3171627A (en) * 1962-04-19 1965-03-02 Union Metal Products Inc Extensible shoring device
US3710304A (en) * 1971-05-05 1973-01-09 J Warner Locking electric plug
US3710534A (en) * 1970-03-16 1973-01-16 Namara J Mc Method of forming building units and assembling same with lateral displacement
US3751864A (en) * 1972-04-11 1973-08-14 H Weese Interstitial space frame system
US3849952A (en) * 1971-12-29 1974-11-26 Misawa Homes Co Capsule-unit house
US3880394A (en) * 1973-11-08 1975-04-29 Bishop Wisecarver Corp Extensible load bracing device
SU490927A1 (ru) * 1972-12-13 1975-11-05 Опытное производственно-техническое предприятие "Энерготехпром" Сборно-разборное здание
US3969872A (en) * 1971-09-20 1976-07-20 Wesse Harry M Method of constructing modular buildings
US4023315A (en) * 1968-07-26 1977-05-17 Elcon A.G. Prefabricated buildings

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2548935A (en) * 1947-09-05 1951-04-17 Vacuum Concrete Inc Method of molding joints between spaced structural members
US3171627A (en) * 1962-04-19 1965-03-02 Union Metal Products Inc Extensible shoring device
US4023315A (en) * 1968-07-26 1977-05-17 Elcon A.G. Prefabricated buildings
US3710534A (en) * 1970-03-16 1973-01-16 Namara J Mc Method of forming building units and assembling same with lateral displacement
US3710304A (en) * 1971-05-05 1973-01-09 J Warner Locking electric plug
US3969872A (en) * 1971-09-20 1976-07-20 Wesse Harry M Method of constructing modular buildings
US3849952A (en) * 1971-12-29 1974-11-26 Misawa Homes Co Capsule-unit house
US3751864A (en) * 1972-04-11 1973-08-14 H Weese Interstitial space frame system
SU490927A1 (ru) * 1972-12-13 1975-11-05 Опытное производственно-техническое предприятие "Энерготехпром" Сборно-разборное здание
US3880394A (en) * 1973-11-08 1975-04-29 Bishop Wisecarver Corp Extensible load bracing device

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