WO1988002057A1 - Combined rigid profiled and expanding anchor - Google Patents
Combined rigid profiled and expanding anchor Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1988002057A1 WO1988002057A1 PCT/EP1986/000559 EP8600559W WO8802057A1 WO 1988002057 A1 WO1988002057 A1 WO 1988002057A1 EP 8600559 W EP8600559 W EP 8600559W WO 8802057 A1 WO8802057 A1 WO 8802057A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- sections
- borehole
- anchor
- section
- tension member
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
- E21D21/0026—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection characterised by constructional features of the bolts
- E21D21/0033—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection characterised by constructional features of the bolts having a jacket or outer tube
Definitions
- the invention relates to a rock anchor for securing routes and spaces in mining and tunneling
- the tension member made of ductile steel can be fixed at least in the deepest borehole by means of an adhesive and whose end protruding from the borehole mouth he can be braced against the mountains by means of an anchor plate and a screw connection , wherein the tension member has at least a part of its length a so-called free play section, which shields by an adhesive material filling the tension member surface with respect to the borehole, e.g. B.
- tubular separation layer is formed, and the tension member of the anchor, with the exception of its formed as a formula, known mixing tip, is surrounded over its entire length by a two-section cladding tube, the deepest in the borehole section with the anchor cable member and the other cladding tube section is non-positively connected (according to patent 34 17 252 ⁇ .
- the rock anchor of the type mentioned at the outset is a combined rigid profile and expansion anchor, which initially acts as a rigid anchor with high tensile strength after the adhesive has hardened, and which only gives up the reinforcing effect and takes on the function of an expansion anchor after a predeterminable load-bearing capacity has been exceeded.
- the invention has for its object when using a combined rigid profile and expansion anchor, in particular in the stratified carbon mountains, to avoid the above-mentioned drop in force and to ensure in a simple manner that the breakage or tearing of the cladding tube does not occur at the mountain opening, but takes place at the predetermined breaking point.
- the cladding tube consists of at least three sections which are non-positively connected to each other via predetermined breaking points, only the sections arranged in the region of the borehole mouth and the deepest of the borehole being provided with a permanent adhesive profile.
- the friction in such a section can be increased by providing this section with a separating layer of glued-on quartz sand that shields the adhesive material.
- This coating is released when the cladding tube is elongated accordingly, this friction component again contributing to the compensation of the characteristic curve.
- the jacket tube made of steel has a lower elongation at break than the tension member of the armature.
- the technical progress of the invention can be seen in particular in the fact that the mode of action is better adapted to the stratified carbon mountains.
- the anchor 1 made of a flexible material glued into a borehole 3 in the mountains 4 by means of an adhesive 8 is at the bottom of the borehole with a mixing tip 2 designed as a form-locking element or a comparable one serving as an abutment with respect to the Wegl tube 5 Element.
- the armature 1 and also the sleeve tube 5 surrounding it over the entire length is braced via an anchor plate 11 and a spherical washer 13 by means of a nut 12, a spacer sleeve 14 being arranged between the nut 12 and the spherical washer 13.
- the end of the armature 1 outside the borehole 3 is provided with a short thread 15 in order not to allow any notch stresses to occur in the area of the possible anchor plate bending. Furthermore, the armature 1 has a square 16 for assembly using the conventional setting devices.
- the cladding tube 5 surrounding the armature 1 over the entire length in the exemplary embodiment shown consists of three sections 6, 7 and 17. Sections 6 and 7 or 7 and 17 are each non-positively connected, for example via welding points 10, which represent broken bricks, The section facing the deepest hole
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Dowels (AREA)
Abstract
Rock anchors intended for consolidating tunnels and spaces during mine and tunnel boring are produced from ductile steel and are fixed by means of an adhesive to the innermost part of the bore-hole. The end protruding from the mouth of the hole can be secured against the rock by means of an anchor plate and bolt assembly. In order to produce a combined rigid profiled and expanding anchor, the sleeve tube (5) is composed of at least three sections (6, 7, 17) connected to one another by force via breakage points. Only the sections (6, 17) arranged in the regions of the mouth of the hole and the innermost part of the latter are provided with a permanent adhesive profiled section (18).
Description
Kombinierter starrer Profil- und Dehnanker Combined rigid profile and expansion anchor
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Gebirgsanker zur Sicherung von Strecken und Räumen im Berg- und Tunnelbau, dessen Zugglied aus dehnbarem Stahl hergestellt mindestens im Bohrlochtiefsten mittels eines Klebers festlegbar und dessen aus dem Bohrlochmund he raus ragendes Ende mittels einer Ankerplatte und einer Verschraubung gegenüber dem Gebirge verspannbar ist, wobei das Zugglied zumindest auf einem Teil seiner Länge eine sogenannte Freispielstrecke aufweist, die durch eine die Zuggliedoberfläche gegenüber dem Bohrloch füllenden Klebematerial abschirmende, z . B. rohrförmig ausgebildete Trennschicht gebildet wird, und das Zugglied des Ankers mit Ausnahme seiner als Formelernent ausgebildeten, an sich bekannten Mischspitze, über seine gesamte Länge von einem aus zwei Abschnitten bestehenden Hüllrohr umgeben ist, dessen im Bohrlochtiefsten angeordnete Abschnitt mit dem Ankerzug
glied und dem anderen Hüllröhrabschnitt jeweils kraftschlüssig verbunden ist (nach Patent 34 17 252}.The invention relates to a rock anchor for securing routes and spaces in mining and tunneling, the tension member made of ductile steel can be fixed at least in the deepest borehole by means of an adhesive and whose end protruding from the borehole mouth he can be braced against the mountains by means of an anchor plate and a screw connection , wherein the tension member has at least a part of its length a so-called free play section, which shields by an adhesive material filling the tension member surface with respect to the borehole, e.g. B. tubular separation layer is formed, and the tension member of the anchor, with the exception of its formed as a formula, known mixing tip, is surrounded over its entire length by a two-section cladding tube, the deepest in the borehole section with the anchor cable member and the other cladding tube section is non-positively connected (according to patent 34 17 252}.
Der Gebirgsanker der eingangs genannten Gattung ist ein kombinierter starrer Profil- und Dehnanker, der zunächst nach Aushärten des Klebers als starrer Anker mit hoher Zugfestigkeit wirkt, und der erst nach überschreiten einer vorbestimmbaren Tragkraft die armierende Wirkung aufgibt und die Funktion eines Dehnankers übernimmt.The rock anchor of the type mentioned at the outset is a combined rigid profile and expansion anchor, which initially acts as a rigid anchor with high tensile strength after the adhesive has hardened, and which only gives up the reinforcing effect and takes on the function of an expansion anchor after a predeterminable load-bearing capacity has been exceeded.
Bei Verwendung derartiger Anker, insbesondere im geschichteten Karbongebirge, konnte man feststellen, daß das über die gesamte Länge im Bohrloch eingeklebte Hüllrohr bei überschreiten der vorgesehenen Tragkraft nicht unbedingt an der vorgesehenen SolIbruchstelle, sondern an der Stelle der Gebirgsöffnung reißt. Mit dem Abreißen des Hüllrohres an der Stelle der Gebirgsöffnijng ist ein Kraftabfall auf die Kennlinie des innenliegender. Stahles verbunden, was nicht erwünscht ist. Zur Verbesserung des Gegenstandes liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde bei Verwendung eines kombinierten starren Profil- und Dehnankers, insbesondere im geschichteten Karbongebirge, den obengenannten Kraftabfall zu vermeiden und auf einfache Weise sicherzustellen, daß der Bruch bzw. das Abreißen des Hüllrohres nicht an der Gebirgsöffnung, sondern an der Sollbruchstelle stattfindet.When using such anchors, especially in the stratified carbon mountains, it was found that the cladding tube glued over the entire length in the borehole does not necessarily tear at the intended breaking point, but at the location of the mountain opening when the intended load-bearing capacity is exceeded. With the tearing off of the cladding tube at the location of the mountain opening, there is a drop in force on the characteristic of the inside. Steel connected, which is not desirable. To improve the object, the invention has for its object when using a combined rigid profile and expansion anchor, in particular in the stratified carbon mountains, to avoid the above-mentioned drop in force and to ensure in a simple manner that the breakage or tearing of the cladding tube does not occur at the mountain opening, but takes place at the predetermined breaking point.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß das Hüllrohr aus mindestens drei jeweils über Sollbruchstellen kraftschlüssig miteinander verbundenen Abschnitten besteht, wobei nur die im Bereich des Bohrlochmundes und des Bohrlochtiefsten angeordneten Abschnitte mit einer bleibenden Haftprofilierung versehen sind.
Durch die glatte Ausbildung der Oberfläche des oder der zwischen den Endabschnitten des Hüllrohres gelegenen mittleren Abschnittes findet bei einer entsprechenden Gebirgs- öffnung nach Abriß des Hüllrohres eine weitere Längenänderung unter Reibung gegenüber der das Hüllrohr umgebenden Klebersäule statt und verursacht einen Ausgleich in der Kennlinie.This object is achieved in that the cladding tube consists of at least three sections which are non-positively connected to each other via predetermined breaking points, only the sections arranged in the region of the borehole mouth and the deepest of the borehole being provided with a permanent adhesive profile. As a result of the smooth formation of the surface of the central section or those located between the end sections of the cladding tube, when the cladding tube is torn off, a further change in length takes place under friction with respect to the adhesive column surrounding the cladding tube and causes a compensation in the characteristic curve.
Vorteilhafterweise kann eine Erhöhung der Reibung in einem solchen Abschnitt dadurch vorgenommen werden, daß dieser Abschnitt mit einer das Klebematerial abschirmenden Trennschicht aus aufgeklebtem Quarzsand versehen ist. Diese Beschichtung löst sich bei der entsprechenden Längung des Hüllrohres, wobei wiederum dieser Reibungsanteil zum Ausgleich der Kennlinie beiträgt. Für die Wirkungsweise des kombinierten starren Profill- und Dehn¬ ankers ist es unabdingbar, daß das aus Stahl hergestellte Hüllrohr eine geringere Bruchdehnung als das Zugglied des Ankers aufweist.Advantageously, the friction in such a section can be increased by providing this section with a separating layer of glued-on quartz sand that shields the adhesive material. This coating is released when the cladding tube is elongated accordingly, this friction component again contributing to the compensation of the characteristic curve. For the operation of the combined rigid and Profill- Dehn ¬ armature, it is essential that the jacket tube made of steel has a lower elongation at break than the tension member of the armature.
Der technische Fortschritt der Erfindung ist insbesondere, wie bereits erwähnt, darin zu sehen, daß die Wirkungsweise dem geschichteten Karbongebirge besser angepaßt ist.As already mentioned, the technical progress of the invention can be seen in particular in the fact that the mode of action is better adapted to the stratified carbon mountains.
Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung dargestellt und wird im folgenden näher erläutert.An embodiment of the invention is shown in the drawing and is explained in more detail below.
Der in einem Bohrloch 3 im Gebirge 4 mittels eines Klebemittels 8 eingeklebte Anker 1 aus dehnfähigem Material ist zum Bohrtochtiefsten hin mit einer als Formschlußelement ausgebildeten Mischspitze 2 oder einem vergleichbaren gegenüber dem Hütlrohr 5 als Widerlager dienenden
Element versehen. Außerhalb des Bohrlochs 3 ist der Anker 1 und auch das ihn über die ganze Länge umgebende Hütlrohr 5 über eine Ankerplatte 11 und eine Kugelscheibe 13 mittels einer Mutter 12 verspannt, wobei zwischen der Mutter 12 und der Kugelscheibe 13 eine Abstandshülse 14 angeordnet ist. Das Ende des Ankers 1 außerhalb des Bohrlochs 3 ist mit einem kurzen Gewinde 15 versehen, um im Bereich der möglichen AnkerptattenabwinkeLung keine Kerbspannungen auftreten zu lassen. Weiterhin besitzt der Anker 1 einen Zweikant 16 zur Montage mit Hilfe der herkömmlichen Setzvorrichtungen. Das den Anker 1 auf die gesamte Länge umgebende Hüllrohr 5 besteht in dem dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel aus drei Abschnitten 6, 7 und 17. Die Abschnitte 6 und 7 bzw. 7 und 17 sind jeweils kraftschlüssig, beispielsweise über Schweißpunkte 10 miteinander verbunden, die Soltbruchstelten darstellen, Der zum Bohrtochtiefsten gerichtete AbschnittThe anchor 1 made of a flexible material glued into a borehole 3 in the mountains 4 by means of an adhesive 8 is at the bottom of the borehole with a mixing tip 2 designed as a form-locking element or a comparable one serving as an abutment with respect to the Hütl tube 5 Element. Outside the borehole 3, the armature 1 and also the sleeve tube 5 surrounding it over the entire length is braced via an anchor plate 11 and a spherical washer 13 by means of a nut 12, a spacer sleeve 14 being arranged between the nut 12 and the spherical washer 13. The end of the armature 1 outside the borehole 3 is provided with a short thread 15 in order not to allow any notch stresses to occur in the area of the possible anchor plate bending. Furthermore, the armature 1 has a square 16 for assembly using the conventional setting devices. The cladding tube 5 surrounding the armature 1 over the entire length in the exemplary embodiment shown consists of three sections 6, 7 and 17. Sections 6 and 7 or 7 and 17 are each non-positively connected, for example via welding points 10, which represent broken bricks, The section facing the deepest hole
6 des Hüllrohres 5 und auch der zum Bohrlochmund gerichtete Abschnitt 17 sind jeweils mit einer Haftprofilie- rung 18 versehen, die beispielsweise in Form von kalt aufgerollten Haftgewinden hergestellt sind. Die Oberfläche des oder der zwischen den Abschnitten 6 und 17 angeordneten Abschnitte 7 ist gegenüber dem das Hüttrohr umgebenden Klebematerial 8 glatt ausgebildet. Zur Erhöhung der Reibung dieses Abschnitts gegenüber dem Klebemater iat 8 ist es nach einem nicht in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel möglich, diesen Abschnitt6 of the cladding tube 5 and also the section 17 directed towards the mouth of the borehole are each provided with an adhesive profile 18, which are produced, for example, in the form of cold rolled adhesive threads. The surface of the section or sections 7 arranged between the sections 6 and 17 is smooth compared to the adhesive material 8 surrounding the heating tube. To increase the friction of this section compared to the adhesive mat iat 8, it is possible according to an embodiment not shown in the drawing, this section
7 mit einer Beschichtung aus aufgeklebtem Quarzsand zu versehen. Bei einer entsprechenden Betastung des Hüllrohrabschnitts 7 und der damit verbundenen Längung löst sich diese Beschichtung.
7 to be provided with a coating of glued quartz sand. With a corresponding touching of the cladding tube section 7 and the associated elongation, this coating is released.
Claims
1. Gebirgsanker zur Sicherung von Strecken und Räumen im Berg- und Tunnetbau, dessen Zugglied aus dehnbarem Stahl hergestellt mindestens im Bohrlochtiefsten mittels eines Klebers festlegbar und dessen aus dem Bohrlochmund herausragendes Ende mittels einer Ankerplatte und einer Verschraubung gegenüber dem Gebirge verspannbar ist, wobei das Zugglied zumindest auf einem Teil seiner Länge eine sogenannte Freispiel' strecke aufweist, die durch eine die Zuggliedoberfläche gegenüber dem das Bohrloch füllende Klebematerial abschirmende, z. B. rohrförmig ausgebildete Trennschicht gebildet wird, und daß Zugglied des Ankers mit Ausnahme seiner als Formelement ausgebildeten an sich bekannten Mischspitze über seine gesamte Länge von einem aus zwei Abschnitten bestehenden Hüllro-hr umgeben ist, dessen im Bohrlochtiefsten angeordneter Abschnitt mit dem Ankerzuggtied und dem anderen Hüllrohrabschnitt jeweils kraftschtüssig verbunden ist (nach Patent 34 17 252), dadurch gekenn zeichnet, daß das Hüllrohr (5) aus mindestens drei jeweils über Sottbruchstetten kraftschlüssig miteinander verbundenen Abschnitten (6, 7, 17) besteht, wobei nur die im Bereich des Bohrlochmundes und des Bohrlochtiefsten angeordneten Abschnitte (6, 17) mit einer bleibenden Haftprofitierung (18) versehen sind,1.Mountain anchors for securing routes and spaces in mining and tunnel construction, the tension member made of ductile steel can be fixed at least in the deepest hole with an adhesive and the end protruding from the mouth of the hole can be braced against the mountains using an anchor plate and a screw connection, the tension member at least on part of its length has a so-called free spin 'section, which shields the tensile member surface from the adhesive material filling the borehole, e.g. B. tubular separating layer is formed, and that the tension member of the armature, with the exception of its mixing tip, which is known as a shaped element, is surrounded over its entire length by a sheath tube consisting of two sections, the deepest section of which is located in the borehole with the anchor pull member and the other Cladding tube section is connected non-positively (according to patent 34 17 252), characterized thereby characterized in that the cladding tube (5) consists of at least three sections (6, 7, 17) which are non-positively connected to each other via Sottbruchstetten, only the sections (6, 17) arranged in the region of the borehole mouth and the deepest of the borehole with a permanent adhesion benefit ( ) are provided,
2. Gebirgsanker nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß mindestens der zwischen den Abschnitten (6, 17) liegende Abschnitt (7) mit einer das Klebematerial (8) abschirmenden Trennschicht aus aufgeklebten Quarzsand versehen ist.2. Rock anchor according to Claim 1, characterized in that at least the section (7) lying between the sections (6, 17) is provided with a separating layer of glued quartz sand which shields the adhesive material (8).
3. Gebirgsanker nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das aus Stahl hergestellte Hüllrohr (5) eine geringere Bruchdehnung als das Zugglied des Ankers (1) aufweist. 3. Rock anchor according to claim 1, characterized in that the cladding tube (5) made of steel has a lower elongation at break than the tension member of the anchor (1).
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19853531393 DE3531393C1 (en) | 1985-09-03 | 1985-09-03 | Combined, rigid profiled and expansion roof bolt |
| PCT/EP1986/000559 WO1988002057A1 (en) | 1986-09-22 | 1986-09-22 | Combined rigid profiled and expanding anchor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP1986/000559 WO1988002057A1 (en) | 1986-09-22 | 1986-09-22 | Combined rigid profiled and expanding anchor |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO1988002057A1 true WO1988002057A1 (en) | 1988-03-24 |
Family
ID=8165141
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP1986/000559 WO1988002057A1 (en) | 1985-09-03 | 1986-09-22 | Combined rigid profiled and expanding anchor |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| WO (1) | WO1988002057A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0995878A3 (en) * | 1998-10-20 | 2003-10-29 | VORSPANN-TECHNIK Ges.m.b.H. & Co. KG | Rock anchor and borehole with said anchor installed |
| US11739368B2 (en) | 2014-10-29 | 2023-08-29 | 10X Genomics, Inc. | Methods and compositions for targeted nucleic acid sequencing |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2158538A (en) * | 1984-05-10 | 1985-11-13 | Bergwerksverband Gmbh | Initially rigid then extensible rock anchor |
| DE3531393C1 (en) * | 1985-09-03 | 1986-06-05 | Bergwerksverband Gmbh, 4300 Essen | Combined, rigid profiled and expansion roof bolt |
-
1986
- 1986-09-22 WO PCT/EP1986/000559 patent/WO1988002057A1/en unknown
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2158538A (en) * | 1984-05-10 | 1985-11-13 | Bergwerksverband Gmbh | Initially rigid then extensible rock anchor |
| DE3531393C1 (en) * | 1985-09-03 | 1986-06-05 | Bergwerksverband Gmbh, 4300 Essen | Combined, rigid profiled and expansion roof bolt |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0995878A3 (en) * | 1998-10-20 | 2003-10-29 | VORSPANN-TECHNIK Ges.m.b.H. & Co. KG | Rock anchor and borehole with said anchor installed |
| US11739368B2 (en) | 2014-10-29 | 2023-08-29 | 10X Genomics, Inc. | Methods and compositions for targeted nucleic acid sequencing |
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