WO1988001440A1 - Improvements in and relating to the reduction of radio frequency transmission loss - Google Patents

Improvements in and relating to the reduction of radio frequency transmission loss Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1988001440A1
WO1988001440A1 PCT/GB1987/000587 GB8700587W WO8801440A1 WO 1988001440 A1 WO1988001440 A1 WO 1988001440A1 GB 8700587 W GB8700587 W GB 8700587W WO 8801440 A1 WO8801440 A1 WO 8801440A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sheet
transparent
assembly
glass
further material
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB1987/000587
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Brian Frederick Salkeld
Original Assignee
Independent Broadcasting Authority
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Independent Broadcasting Authority filed Critical Independent Broadcasting Authority
Priority to GB08808516A priority Critical patent/GB2205525A/en
Publication of WO1988001440A1 publication Critical patent/WO1988001440A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
    • B32B17/10018—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising only one glass sheet
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/02—Physical, chemical or physicochemical properties
    • B32B7/025—Electric or magnetic properties
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/42—Housings not intimately mechanically associated with radiating elements, e.g. radome
    • H01Q1/422—Housings not intimately mechanically associated with radiating elements, e.g. radome comprising two or more layers of dielectric material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/40—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular optical properties
    • B32B2307/412—Transparent
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2315/00—Other materials containing non-metallic inorganic compounds not provided for in groups B32B2311/00 - B32B2313/04
    • B32B2315/08—Glass

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the reduction of radio frequency (e.g. microwave) transmission loss through a sheet of material transparent to visible lightr, such" * ⁇ for example as through glass.
  • radio frequency e.g. microwave
  • Broadcasting Satellites allows the use of antenna of relatively compact dimensions, however to allow the satisfactory installation of such antenna in indoor environments it is necessary to minimise the signal attenuation.
  • a major source of such attenuation is through windows.
  • a method of reducing radio frequency transmission loss through a sheet of material transparent to vi ⁇ able light comprising placing adjacent the or each major surface of the sheet of transparent material a sheet of further material having a different dielectric constant from that of the transparent material.
  • the sheet of further material is secured to the sheet of transparent material such that the major surfaces of the transparent sheet and the futher sheet(s) are substantially parallel and preferably in contact.
  • the present invention provides an assembly comprising a sheet of further materia secured adjacent one of its major surfaces such that the major surfaces of the sheets are substantially parallel, the dielectric constant of the further material being different from that of the transparent material whereby to reduce radio frequency transmission loss through the transparent material.
  • a sheet of said further material is secured adjacent each of the major surfaces of the transparent sheet so that the major surfaces of the three sheets are substantially parallel.
  • the dielectric constant of the further material is approximately equal to the geometric mean of the dielectric constants of air and the transparent material.
  • the dielectric constant of the further material should be equal to the geometric mean but this is not necessarily achievable in practice and a approximation suffices.
  • the thickness of the sheet( ⁇ ) of the further material should be equivalent to a quarter of the wavelenght in the further material of the microwave signal to be transmitted. However, in practice the thickness of the material can deviate widely from the ideal £ wavelength and still produce good results.
  • the further material is also transparent.
  • the window can still function.
  • the assembly of the invention includes means for preventing the ingress of moisture between the transp sheet and the sheet(s) of further material.
  • the transparent material is preferably glass and the further material is preferably plastics.
  • the thickness of the plastics material can vary between 2.5mm and 5mm.
  • the dielectric constant of the further material can be in the range 2 to 4*
  • Figure 1 shows a plot of loss (dB) against air gap width (mm) between glass and plastic for a sheet of glass of thickness 3mm;
  • Figure 2 shows an embodiment of the invention in plan view
  • Figure 3 is a section along the line III-III of Figure 2;
  • Figure 4 shows an alternative embodiment of the invention in plan view
  • Figure 5 is A section along the line V-V of Figure 4;
  • Figure 6 shows a further alternative embodiment of the invention in plan view
  • Figure 7 is a section along the line VII-VII of Figure 6;
  • Figure 8 shows a plot of loss (dB) sgainst incidence angle (*) for • plain (lass double glazed window;
  • Figure 9 shows a plot of loss (dB) against incidence angle (•) for the window of Figure 8 when incorporated into an assembly in accordance with an embodiment of the invention.
  • Figure 10 is a chart showing computed loss through double glazing showing variation with separation between layers; .
  • Figure 11 is a chart corresponding to Fig. 10 showin computed loss through double glazing with plastic sheets a
  • Radio frequency transmission through glass is affect by the mismatch of impedance between the glass and the air surrounding it, as well as by losses in the glass itself.
  • One method of reducing microwave transmission loss through glass is to match the impedance of the glass to the surrounding air by the application, to one or both sides of the glass, of a layer of material with a lower dielectric constant than the glass.
  • the dielectric constant E of the material should be equal to the geometric mean of that of the air and glass.
  • the thickness of the material should ideally be equal to a quarter of the wavelength of the microwave signal in the material.
  • Suitable commonly available materials for application to the glass have been found to be polystyrene and acrylic. Because of their resistance to ultra-violet deterioration and their better abrasion resistance, acrylics are the preferred material. Other plastics materials of suitable values of dielectric constant may alternatively be employed.
  • Figures 2 and 3 show a first method of attaching plastics material sheets 1 to a sheet of glass 2.
  • the 20 periphery of the glass is surrounded by a sealing member 3 which, both attaches and seals the sheet to the glass.
  • the seals may be part of a window frame (not shown).
  • Figures 4 and 5 show a further method of attaching plastics material sheet 1 to a glass sheet 2.
  • a layer of adhesive 4 is interposed between the plastic sheet and the glass.
  • the adhesive layer may be a thin adhesive film and the plastic sheet may additionally be sealed to the glass around its periphery by a sealing strip (not shown)
  • FIGS 6 and 7 show a yet further method for attaching a plastics material sheet 1 to a glass pane 2.
  • the plastic sheet is both attached and sealed to the surface of the glass sheet by a sealing strip 5 extending around the periphery of the plastic sheet. As shown, the sealing 5 strip 5 is separate from the strip 6 surrounding the periphe of the glass sheet.
  • Figures 4 to 7 onl ⁇ a single plastics sheet is shown applied to the glass, it will be appreciated that plastics sheets may be applied to both sides of the glass. It will be recognised that the methods of affixing plastic sheets to glass windows illustrated in Figures 4 to 7 are particularly suitable for retrospective fitting of the plastic sheets to existing windows, thus avoiding the need for total replacement of a window fitting.
  • the plastic sheets may of course also be fitted to glass sheets prior to their installation in window frames.
  • the glass sheets may be shaped other than rectangular.
  • the transparent material of the window itself may be other than glass or may be a composite or laminated material.
  • Double glazing can result in higher losses, up to approximately 10 dB, the value of the loss being dependent on the inclination of the glaz- ing to the microwave source and on the spacing between the glazing sheets.
  • Treatment of glass in the above described manner can reduce the loss through single glazed windows to 1 dB or less over incidence angles of up to 50°. Losses through double glazed windows can be reduced to 2 dB or less depending on the spacing between the glass panels, for incidence angles up to 50°.
  • Figures 8 and 9 show the loss in dB for a double glazed window of two 4mm thick glass sheets with a 6mm air gap. Figure 8 shows the loss for plain glass and Figure 9 when layers of acrylic are applied. The two plots in each figure ⁇ how the measured loss for polarisation perpendicular to (bold line) and parallel to (broken line) the plane of incidence.
  • the invention does not require the use of accurately manufactured materials and the method of the invention can be applied to existing windows without requiring skilled 30 personnel. These factors all increase the feasability of direct satellite broadcasting to indoor mounted antenna.

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  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

Radio frequency transmission loss through a sheet of transparent material (2) such as glass is reduced by covering one or both of the major surfaces of the glass with a sheet of further material (1) having a lower dielectric constant than that of the glass.

Description

Improvements in and Relating to the Reduction of Radio Frequency Transmission Loss
The invention relates to the reduction of radio frequency (e.g. microwave) transmission loss through a sheet of material transparent to visible lightr, such" * ~ for example as through glass. To receive satellite television and/or sound radio programmes it is necessary to utilize an antenna. More usually these antenna have been situated in outdoor environments where they may be subjected to the extremes of the weather, with the associated risk of high winds deflecting the antenna and/or rainwater affecting the electronics. To avoid a number of the problems associated with outdoor antenna, it has been proposed to utilize indoor mounted antenna.
When considering indoor Mounted antenna, it is desirable to minimise the overall size of the antenna.
However, because of the attenuation of the signal brought about by mounting the antenna in an idoor environment, it has been difficult to achieve signals of sufficient strength with indoor antenna of acceptably small size. The comparatively strong signal of Direct
Broadcasting Satellites allows the use of antenna of relatively compact dimensions, however to allow the satisfactory installation of such antenna in indoor environments it is necessary to minimise the signal attenuation. A major source of such attenuation is through windows. According to a first aspect of the present invention there is provided a method of reducing radio frequency transmission loss through a sheet of material transparent to viβable light, comprising placing adjacent the or each major surface of the sheet of transparent material a sheet of further material having a different dielectric constant from that of the transparent material.
Preferably the sheet of further material is secured to the sheet of transparent material such that the major surfaces of the transparent sheet and the futher sheet(s) are substantially parallel and preferably in contact.
According to a further aspect the present invention provides an assembly comprising a sheet of further materia secured adjacent one of its major surfaces such that the major surfaces of the sheets are substantially parallel, the dielectric constant of the further material being different from that of the transparent material whereby to reduce radio frequency transmission loss through the transparent material.
Preferably a sheet of said further material is secured adjacent each of the major surfaces of the transparent sheet so that the major surfaces of the three sheets are substantially parallel. Preferably the dielectric constant of the further material is approximately equal to the geometric mean of the dielectric constants of air and the transparent material. Ideally the dielectric constant of the further material should be equal to the geometric mean but this is not necessarily achievable in practice and a approximation suffices. Preferably the thickness of the sheet(β) of the further material should be equivalent to a quarter of the wavelenght in the further material of the microwave signal to be transmitted. However, in practice the thickness of the material can deviate widely from the ideal £ wavelength and still produce good results.
Preferably the further material is also transparent. Thus, if the invention is being applied to a window, the window can still function.
Preferably the assembly of the invention includes means for preventing the ingress of moisture between the transp sheet and the sheet(s) of further material.
The transparent material is preferably glass and the further material is preferably plastics.
It has been found that with glass of either 3mm or 4mm, the thickness of the plastics material can vary between 2.5mm and 5mm.
It has also been found that for glass of dielectric constant of 6, the dielectric constant of the further material can be in the range 2 to 4*
There is thus provided a treatment for a sheet of transparent material which will enable it to be placed infront of an antenna without attenuating the signal to an unacceptable degree.
Embodiments of the invention will now be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:-
Figure 1 shows a plot of loss (dB) against air gap width (mm) between glass and plastic for a sheet of glass of thickness 3mm;
Figure 2 shows an embodiment of the invention in plan view;
Figure 3 is a section along the line III-III of Figure 2;
Figure 4 shows an alternative embodiment of the invention in plan view; Figure 5 is A section along the line V-V of Figure 4;
Figure 6 shows a further alternative embodiment of the invention in plan view;
Figure 7 is a section along the line VII-VII of Figure 6; Figure 8 shows a plot of loss (dB) sgainst incidence angle (*) for • plain (lass double glazed window;
Figure 9 shows a plot of loss (dB) against incidence angle (•) for the window of Figure 8 when incorporated into an assembly in accordance with an embodiment of the invention.
Figure 10 is a chart showing computed loss through double glazing showing variation with separation between layers; . Figure 11 is a chart corresponding to Fig. 10 showin computed loss through double glazing with plastic sheets a
Radio frequency transmission through glass is affect by the mismatch of impedance between the glass and the air surrounding it, as well as by losses in the glass itself.
One method of reducing microwave transmission loss through glass is to match the impedance of the glass to the surrounding air by the application, to one or both sides of the glass, of a layer of material with a lower dielectric constant than the glass. To optimise the loss reduction effect, the dielectric constant E of the material should be equal to the geometric mean of that of the air and glass. Furthermore, the thickness of the material should ideally be equal to a quarter of the wavelength of the microwave signal in the material.
Figure imgf000007_0001
Example
At normal incidence of a microwave signal to a glass sheet with a dielectric constant of 6, the material should ideally have a dielectric constant of 6-2.45- Reflection-less transmission would result if the thickness, and dielectric constant were precisely correct but such material is not necessarily available in practice. However it has been found that significant reduction in transmission loss can be achieved with a variety of readily available materials. A quarter wavelength for polystyrene with a dielectric constant of 2.7 is 3«8»un at 12 GHz. Commonly available polystyrene sheet has a thickness of 2.5mm which is not very close to ideal. Nevertheless calculations show that a polystyrene sheet "sandwich" with 3">ιn glass can greatly reduce transmission loss.
Suitable commonly available materials for application to the glass have been found to be polystyrene and acrylic. Because of their resistance to ultra-violet deterioration and their better abrasion resistance, acrylics are the preferred material. Other plastics materials of suitable values of dielectric constant may alternatively be employed.
If a single side only of a sheet of glass is treated in the above described manner, the loss reduction achieved is approximately half that achieved by treating both sides of the glass. Small gaps of the order of 01.mm, between the glass and the applied material, do not significantly affect the loss reduction. This last point is shown by Figure 1 which shows the results of tests performed on a sandwich of glass of 3mm thickness with E=6 and plastic of 2.5πun thickness .with E=2.5, at
20 an incident angle of 30° at a frequency of 12.1 GHz.
It is necessary when applying the material layer to the glass sheet, to adequately seal the interface between the glass and the material to prevent the ingress of moisture. As well as having a detrimental effect on
- 5 the appearance of the window, the ingress of moisture or foreign particles would affect the performance of the loss reduction.
Figures 2 and 3 show a first method of attaching plastics material sheets 1 to a sheet of glass 2. The 20 periphery of the glass is surrounded by a sealing member 3 which, both attaches and seals the sheet to the glass. The seals may be part of a window frame (not shown).
Figures 4 and 5 show a further method of attaching plastics material sheet 1 to a glass sheet 2. In this 5 embodiment, a layer of adhesive 4 is interposed between the plastic sheet and the glass. The adhesive layer may be a thin adhesive film and the plastic sheet may additionally be sealed to the glass around its periphery by a sealing strip (not shown)
"0 Figures 6 and 7 show a yet further method for attaching a plastics material sheet 1 to a glass pane 2. The plastic sheet is both attached and sealed to the surface of the glass sheet by a sealing strip 5 extending around the periphery of the plastic sheet. As shown, the sealing 5 strip 5 is separate from the strip 6 surrounding the periphe of the glass sheet. Although in Figures 4 to 7 onl} a single plastics sheet is shown applied to the glass, it will be appreciated that plastics sheets may be applied to both sides of the glass. It will be recognised that the methods of affixing plastic sheets to glass windows illustrated in Figures 4 to 7 are particularly suitable for retrospective fitting of the plastic sheets to existing windows, thus avoiding the need for total replacement of a window fitting. The plastic sheets may of course also be fitted to glass sheets prior to their installation in window frames.
The glass sheets may be shaped other than rectangular. The transparent material of the window itself may be other than glass or may be a composite or laminated material.
Building regulations currently require a minimum glass thickness of 4BU_ In many old houses the thickness of glass is of the order of 3«un« Loss and noise addition with 3κm thick glass can amount to a
5 dB degradation. With 4mm glass, a video signal/noise degradation of 2 dB is common. Double glazing can result in higher losses, up to approximately 10 dB, the value of the loss being dependent on the inclination of the glaz- ing to the microwave source and on the spacing between the glazing sheets.
Treatment of glass in the above described manner can reduce the loss through single glazed windows to 1 dB or less over incidence angles of up to 50°. Losses through double glazed windows can be reduced to 2 dB or less depending on the spacing between the glass panels, for incidence angles up to 50°. Figures 8 and 9 show the loss in dB for a double glazed window of two 4mm thick glass sheets with a 6mm air gap. Figure 8 shows the loss for plain glass and Figure 9 when layers of acrylic are applied. The two plots in each figure βhow the measured loss for polarisation perpendicular to (bold line) and parallel to (broken line) the plane of incidence.
The charts shown in Figs. 9 and 10 were obtained c by computer modelling and βhow that significant reduction of transmission loss can be achieved for a wide range of angles of incidence and for linear or circular polarised signals.
The reduction" of microwave attenuation achieved
J by.the present invention is particularly advantageous because it has been found not to be critical as to the following factors:
1) The angle of incidence of the microwave signals. As mentioned above transmission loss can be reduced jc for a wide range of incident angles. This is clear from Figs. 9 and 10 which show variation of loss with angle of incidence.
2) The dielectric constant of the plastic. Computer modelling has shown that the dielectric
20 constant of the plastic is non-critical over a range of 2 to 4>
4) The loss tangent of the materials (also shown by computer modelling).
5) The frequency within the DBS band.
2 6) Small gaps between the plastics and glass sheets,
Thus the invention does not require the use of accurately manufactured materials and the method of the invention can be applied to existing windows without requiring skilled 30 personnel. These factors all increase the feasability of direct satellite broadcasting to indoor mounted antenna.

Claims

1. A method of reducing radio frequency transmission loss through a sheet of material transparent to visible light, comprising placing adjacent the or each major surface of the^sheet of transparent material a sheet of further material having a different dielectric constant from that » of the transparent material.
2. A method as claimed in claim 1 further comprising securing the sheet(β) of further material to the sheet of transparent material such that the major surfaces of the transparent sheet and the further sheet(β) are substantially parallel.
3. A method as claimed in claim 1 further comprising securing the sheet(β) of further material to the sheet of transparent material such that their major surfaces are in contact.
4. An assembly comprising a sheet of material which is transparent to visible light having a sheet of further material secured adjacent one of its major surfaces such that the major surfaces of the sheets are substantially parallel, the dielectric constant of the further material being different from that of the transparent material whereb to reduce radio frequency transmission loss through the transparent material.
5. An assembly as claimed in claim 4 in which a sheet of said further material is secured adjacent each of the major surfaces of the transparent sheet such that the major surfaces of the three sheets are substantially parallel.
6. An assembly as claimed in claim 4 or 5 in which the further material has a lower dielectric constant than that of the transparent material.
7. An assembly as claimed in claim 4,5 or 6 in which the dielectric constant of the further material is approximately equal to the geometric mean of the dielectric constants of air and the transparent material. _ . ..
8. An assembly as claimed in any of claims 4 to 7, in which the thickness of the sheets of further material is equivalent to a quarter of the wavelength in the further material of the microwave signal to be transmitted.
e 9. An assembly as claimed in any of claims 4 to 8 in which the transparent material is glass.
10. An assembly as claimed in claim 9, in which the dielectric constant of the glass is 6 and the dielectric constant of the further material is in the range 2 to 4*
10 11* An assembly as claimed in any of claims 4 to 10, in which the further material is plastics.
12. An assembly as claimed in claim when dependent from claim 9 or 10, in which the thickness of the glass is 3 or 4mm and the thickness of the plastics sheet(β) is JΓ between 2.5mm and 5mm.
13* An assembly as claimed in any of claims 4 to 12 further comprising means for preventing the ingress of moisture between the transparent sheet and the sheet(s) of further material.
2o * » An assembly as claimed in any of claims 4 to 13 in which the periphery of the transparent sheet is surrounde by a sealing member which both attaches and seals the sheet( of further material to the transparent sheet.
15* An assembly as claimed in any of claims 4 to 13 in 25 which the sheet(s) of further material is/are secured to the transparent sheet by means of a layer of adhesive interposed between the sheets.
16. An assembly as claimed in claim 15 in which the adhesive layer is a thin film.
17. An assembly as claimed in claim 15 or 16 in which the sheet of transparent material is additionally secured to the sheet(s) of further material by means of a sealing member around its periphery.
18. An assembly as claimed in any of claims 4 to 13 in which the or each sheet of further material is smalle than the sheet of transparent material and is secured 0 to the sheet of transparent material by means of a sealing strip extending around its periphery.
19* An assembly as claimed in any of claims 4 to 18 in which the further material is also transparent.
20. An assembly substantially as hereinbefore describe with reference to Figs 2 and 3 or 4 and 5 or 6 and 7 of 5 the accompanying drawings.
21. A method of reducing microwave transmission loss through a sheet of material which is transparent to visible light, substantially as hereinbefore described w Q reference to the accompanying drawings.
PCT/GB1987/000587 1986-08-20 1987-08-20 Improvements in and relating to the reduction of radio frequency transmission loss WO1988001440A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB08808516A GB2205525A (en) 1986-08-20 1987-08-20 Improvements in and relating to the reduction of radio frequency transmission loss

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB868620260A GB8620260D0 (en) 1986-08-20 1986-08-20 Reduction of microwave transmission loss
GB8620260 1986-08-20

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WO1988001440A1 true WO1988001440A1 (en) 1988-02-25

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Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2228143A (en) * 1988-12-08 1990-08-15 British Aerospace Optical window for transmitting radio frequencies
GB2234117A (en) * 1989-07-19 1991-01-23 David Scott Satellite reception window
EP0485333A1 (en) * 1990-11-06 1992-05-13 Daniel Soller Receiver installation with an individual parabolic antenna
DE10037626B4 (en) * 2000-08-02 2005-07-07 Weiss Chemie + Technik Gmbh & Co. Kg integrated system
WO2014057051A1 (en) * 2012-10-12 2014-04-17 Dsm Ip Assets B.V. Composite antiballistic radome walls and methods of making the same
WO2015000926A1 (en) * 2013-07-02 2015-01-08 Dsm Ip Assets B.V. Composite antiballistic radome walls and methods of making the same
CN109843578A (en) * 2016-10-18 2019-06-04 三星电子株式会社 Film laminate and window product including film laminate
CN110915063A (en) * 2017-07-19 2020-03-24 三星电子株式会社 Antenna assembly including lens and film layer
CN113302795A (en) * 2019-11-15 2021-08-24 符仙琼 Dielectric structure for building parts to increase radio frequency signal penetration rate and method for setting the same
US11322818B2 (en) 2017-07-19 2022-05-03 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Antenna assembly comprising lens and film layer
WO2023009075A3 (en) * 2021-07-29 2023-05-11 Eiko Techno Corporation Pte. Ltd. Dielectric apparatus applied to building components and manufacturing method thereof
WO2023038583A3 (en) * 2021-09-13 2023-05-25 Eiko Techno Corporation Pte. Ltd. Frequency tunable dielectric apparatus applied to building components and arrangement method thereof
EP4283786A3 (en) * 2018-03-16 2024-02-28 Agc Inc. Antenna unit, window glass equipped with antenna unit, and matching body

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CN109070704B (en) * 2016-04-27 2021-10-08 Ａｇｃ株式会社 Window member and window glass for vehicle

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JPS54107655A (en) * 1978-02-13 1979-08-23 Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> Radome for antenna installed indoor

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Title
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PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN, Volume 3, No. 129 (E-147), 26 October 1979, & JP, A, 54107655 (Nippon Denshin Denwa Kosha) 23 August 1979 *

Cited By (22)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2228143A (en) * 1988-12-08 1990-08-15 British Aerospace Optical window for transmitting radio frequencies
GB2234117A (en) * 1989-07-19 1991-01-23 David Scott Satellite reception window
EP0485333A1 (en) * 1990-11-06 1992-05-13 Daniel Soller Receiver installation with an individual parabolic antenna
DE10037626B4 (en) * 2000-08-02 2005-07-07 Weiss Chemie + Technik Gmbh & Co. Kg integrated system
WO2014057051A1 (en) * 2012-10-12 2014-04-17 Dsm Ip Assets B.V. Composite antiballistic radome walls and methods of making the same
CN104718426A (en) * 2012-10-12 2015-06-17 帝斯曼知识产权资产管理有限公司 Composite antiballistic radome walls and methods of making the same
JP2016502633A (en) * 2012-10-12 2016-01-28 ディーエスエム アイピー アセッツ ビー．ブイ． Composite ballistic radome wall and manufacturing method thereof
US10062962B2 (en) 2012-10-12 2018-08-28 Dsm Ip Assets B.V. Composite antiballistic radome walls and methods of making the same
WO2015000926A1 (en) * 2013-07-02 2015-01-08 Dsm Ip Assets B.V. Composite antiballistic radome walls and methods of making the same
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GB8808516D0 (en) 1988-06-08
GB8620260D0 (en) 1986-10-01
GB2205525A (en) 1988-12-14

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