WO1988000409A2 - Power circuit for switching the number of poles on the rotor of synchronous machines by using rotative diodes - Google Patents

Power circuit for switching the number of poles on the rotor of synchronous machines by using rotative diodes Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1988000409A2
WO1988000409A2 PCT/EP1987/000324 EP8700324W WO8800409A2 WO 1988000409 A2 WO1988000409 A2 WO 1988000409A2 EP 8700324 W EP8700324 W EP 8700324W WO 8800409 A2 WO8800409 A2 WO 8800409A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
circuit
poles
diode
switched
coils
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP1987/000324
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
WO1988000409A3 (en
Inventor
Giovanni Chiarion
Original Assignee
Tecnomasio Italiano Brown Boveri S.P.A.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Tecnomasio Italiano Brown Boveri S.P.A. filed Critical Tecnomasio Italiano Brown Boveri S.P.A.
Publication of WO1988000409A2 publication Critical patent/WO1988000409A2/en
Publication of WO1988000409A3 publication Critical patent/WO1988000409A3/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K19/00—Synchronous motors or generators
    • H02K19/02—Synchronous motors
    • H02K19/10—Synchronous motors for multi-phase current
    • H02K19/12—Synchronous motors for multi-phase current characterised by the arrangement of exciting windings, e.g. for self-excitation, compounding or pole-changing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K19/00—Synchronous motors or generators
    • H02K19/16—Synchronous generators
    • H02K19/26—Synchronous generators characterised by the arrangement of exciting windings
    • H02K19/32—Synchronous generators characterised by the arrangement of exciting windings for pole-changing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P25/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details
    • H02P25/16—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details characterised by the circuit arrangement or by the kind of wiring
    • H02P25/18—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details characterised by the circuit arrangement or by the kind of wiring with arrangements for switching the windings, e.g. with mechanical switches or relays
    • H02P25/20—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details characterised by the circuit arrangement or by the kind of wiring with arrangements for switching the windings, e.g. with mechanical switches or relays for pole-changing

Definitions

  • the above invention relates to a circuit for switching the
  • the slip rings which are identified by the reference number 1, are connected to the poles 2 to be switched, and to the coils 3 of the poles which are not to be switched.
  • Contact brushes 4 act on the slip rings 1 and are connected to an electrical power source, which is schematically identified by 5.
  • a disconnector and reversing switch 6 is provided, which in practice has the task of reversing the polarity of the current which is supplied to the poles and thereby causing the poles to be switched.
  • poles to be switched over there are also poles to be excluded, it is e.g. required to use five slip rings 1, as shown in the circuit diagram of FIG. 2.
  • the fifth slip ring in particular is connected to the poles 7 to be switched off, which in turn are connected to the slip ring 1 between the poles which are not to be switched and the line of the poles which are not to be switched.
  • a disconnect and reverse switch 6 is provided, which has the task of reversing the polarity of the supplied current for the poles to be switched and at the same time excluding poles which are not to be switched.
  • the object of the above invention is to avoid the disadvantages mentioned and to create a circuit for switching the number of poles on the rotor of synchronous machines, which opens up the possibility, 10 the inversion and possibly. the exclusion of the poles, using only two slip rings.
  • Another object of the invention is to be seen to simplify the construction of the electrical machine considerably and to ensure that the two slip rings used are always under an electrical power supply, whereby the wear of the rings is significantly reduced.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a
  • a final object of the above invention is to provide a circuit for the number of poles on the rotor of synchronous machines which has the greatest possible reliability and
  • the tasks according to the invention are achieved with a circuit for switching the number of poles on the rotor of synchronous machines in that a rotor circuit is connected to a first and a second slip ring and contact brushes are in contact with these slip rings which are connected to an electrical power source, with the interposition of a Separating and
  • Reversible switch can be connected, that the rotor circuit also receives the coils of the poles to be switched, which are connected to one of the slip rings, and are connected via a first diode to a circuit formed by the coils of the poles not to be switched, a second and a third diode is that the circuit is ' connected ' to another slip ring and a branch is provided which receives a fourth diode with opposite polarity compared to the first mentioned diodes and that a connection of this diode is provided between the coils of the poles to be switched and the first diode and that the other connection is arranged between the coils of the non-switchable poles and the second diode.
  • Fig. 4 shows an electrical circuit diagram of the Umschal tkre ⁇ ses " according to the invention, with different connection and
  • Synchronous machine on a circuit of the rotor which is identified in its entirety with the reference numeral 10, and is operatively connected at its ends to a first slip ring 11 and a second slip ring 12.
  • Connections 14 for the supply of the electrical current are connected with the interposition of a disconnector and reversing switch 15. If the switch position changes, the polarity of the supplied current is reversed.
  • the circuit of the rotor 10 has the coils of the poles 20 to be switched, which are connected in series. With the line 21, the poles 20 are connected to a first slip ring 11.
  • the poles 20 to be switched are part of a circuit 22 which has a first rotating diode 23.
  • the circuit 22 takes the coils 24 of the not to be switched
  • Poles on, which are connected in series and in the circuit 22 with a second diode 25 and a third diode 26 operatively connected are.
  • the circuit 22 is between " 'of the second diode 25 and the third diode 26 is operatively connected with the second slip ring 12, this via the line 27. It is a further branch line 30 is provided which receives a fourth diode 31' jmgeParkte polarity to the previously mentioned diodes.
  • the branch 30 is connected at one end between the poles 20 to be switched and the first diode 23, its other end is connected between the poles 24 not to be switched and the third diode 25 ' .
  • coils of poles 40 to be switched off are provided. These can be connected to the circuit in various ways. 3, the poles 40 to be switched off are arranged with the circuit 22 between the line junction 30 and the diode 25. 4, which shows a similar circuit, the poles 40 to be switched off are connected between the third diode 26 and the connection point of the circuit 22 to the electrical connecting line 27 of the slip ring 12.
  • poles it is possible to attach the poles to be switched off in various other locations in the circuit of the rotor, as is shown with dashed squares, which are identified by the reference number 41, and for example before or after the first diode 23 in the section between the circuit 22 and the connection of the ⁇ -
  • Branch line 30 and in the section between the second diode 25 and the line 27 can be provided.
  • the researchersch I iessenden circuits, as shown in Fig .. 4, in the branch 30, both before and provided "by the fourth diode 31 may be, and in the circuit 22 between the third diode 26 and the A ⁇ gleichtician the first diode 23.
  • this current flows through the poles 20 to be switched in one direction, through the first diode 23 to the circuit 22, the poles 24, which are not to be switched , and the possibly Poles 40 to be switched off and see the circuit from here in the second slip ring 12.
  • Reversing the polarity of the supplied current means that the current always flows in the same direction through the poles 24 (which cannot be switched) via the third diode 26 and then through the branch 32, which is controlled by the fourth diode 31, and this with reverse polarity compared to the previously specified polarities; then the current flows in the opposite direction through the poles 20 to be switched over, but the poles 40 to be switched off are not flowed through by the current, since the current supply through the second diode 25 is prevented.
  • a similar consideration applies to the poles to be switched off, which are arranged in the striated fields and are marked with 41.
  • the description shows how the objects are achieved by the invention. At this point, the fact that the provision of rotatable diodes allows a drastic simplification, in terms of construction, of the circuit diagram is emphasized, with all the advantages of a constructive and functional kind.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Synchronous Machinery (AREA)

Abstract

Circuit as described, whereby a power circuit of the rotor is connected to a first and to a second collector ring, and each collector ring co-operates with brushes which are conductively connected to a power source, and an isolating and reversing switch is connected in series. The circuit of the rotor is provided with the coils of the poles which are connected with one of the collector rings and which, by the insertion of a first diode, are connected with the power circuit of the pole windings which are not to be switched, the circuit being provided with a second and a third diode. The power circuit is functionally linked with a further collector ring. In addition, a branch of the lines is provided which has a fourth diode with a reverse polarity to that of the aforementioned diodes. A connection of the diodes is provided between the pole windings to be switched and the first diode; the further connection of the diode is provided between the windings which are not to be switched and the second diode.

Description

- 4 - - 4 -
"Stromkreis zum Schalten der Polzahl am Rotor von"Circuit for switching the number of poles on the rotor from
Synchronmaschinen unter Verwendung von Rotationsdioden"Synchronous machines using rotating diodes "
Die vorstehende Erfindung betrifft einen Stromkreis zum Schalten derThe above invention relates to a circuit for switching the
Polzahl am Rotor von Synchronmaschinen.Number of poles on the rotor of synchronous machines.
In vielen Industriezweigen in denen elektrische Synchronmaschinen zum Einsatz gelangen, tritt die Notwendigkeit auf, die Polzahl des Rotors zu aendern. Besonders wichtig ist dies bei Kraftwerken. Bei Vorhandensein bestimmter hydraulischer Zustaende, z.B. bei starker Veraenderung der Fallhoehe oder bei Einsatz der Anlage als Turbine und als Pumpe, ist es in. der Praxis notwendig, dass die Baugruppen-Turbine - Generator - mit zwei verschiedenen Geschwindigkeiten angetrieben werden koennen. .Eine Aenderung der Geschwindigkeit kann in vorteilhafter Weise durch Aendern der elektrischen Polzahl des Rotors vorgenommen werden.In many branches of industry in which electrical synchronous machines are used, the need arises to change the number of poles of the rotor. This is particularly important for power plants. In the presence of certain hydraulic conditions, e.g. in the case of a significant change in the head or when the system is used as a turbine and as a pump, in practice it is necessary that the component turbine - generator - can be driven at two different speeds. The speed can be changed in an advantageous manner by changing the number of electrical poles of the rotor.
W-ie bekannt ist, erfolgt die Schaltung der Polzahl am Rotor einer Synchronmaschine durch Umkehrung der Fl ussrichtung desAs is known, the number of poles on the rotor of a synchronous machine is switched by reversing the direction of flow of the
Erregerstromes in den Wicklungen oder Spulen bestimmter Polgruppen, unter Ausschluss anderer Polgruppen. Tritt die Notwendigkeit auf, lediglich einige Pole umzuschalten, ist - %. -Excitation current in the windings or coils of certain pole groups, excluding other pole groups. There is a need to switch only a few poles -%. -
es erforderlich vier Schleifringe zu verwenden, wie dies mit dem Stromkreis in Fig. 1 dargestellt ist.it is necessary to use four slip rings, as shown with the circuit in Fig. 1.
Die Schleifringe, die mit dem Bezugszeichen 1 gekennzeichnet sind, sind- an die umzuschaltenden Pole 2 angeschlossen, sowie an die Spulen 3 der nicht umzuschaltenden Pole. Auf die Schleifringe 1 wirken Kontaktbuersten 4 ein, die mit einer elektrischen Stromquelle verbunden sind, die schematisch mit 5 gekennzeichnet ist. Es ist ein Trenn- und Umkehrschalters 6 vorgesehen, der in der Praxis die Aufgabe hat, die Polarϊtaet des Stromes, der den Polen zugeleitet wird, umzukehren und dadurch eine Umschaltung der Pole zu bewirken.The slip rings, which are identified by the reference number 1, are connected to the poles 2 to be switched, and to the coils 3 of the poles which are not to be switched. Contact brushes 4 act on the slip rings 1 and are connected to an electrical power source, which is schematically identified by 5. A disconnector and reversing switch 6 is provided, which in practice has the task of reversing the polarity of the current which is supplied to the poles and thereby causing the poles to be switched.
Fuer den Fall, dass neben umzuschaltenden Polen auch auszusch liesseήde Pole vorgesehen sind, ist es z.B. erforderlich fuenf Schleifringe 1 zu verwenden, wie dies im Schaltbild nach Fig. 2 dargestellt ist. Besonders der fuenfte Schleifring ist an die abzuschaltenden Pole 7 angeschlossen, die ihrerseits zwischen den nicht umzuschaltenden Polen und der Leitung der nicht umzuschaltenden Pole mit dem Schleifring 1 verbunden sind. Auch in diesem Fall ist ein Trenn- und Umkehrschalter 6 vorgesehen, der die Aufgabe hat, die Polaritaet des zugefuehrten Stromes fuer die umzuschaltenden Pole umzukehren und gleichzeitig nicht umzuschaltenden Pole auszuschl Jessen .If, in addition to poles to be switched over, there are also poles to be excluded, it is e.g. required to use five slip rings 1, as shown in the circuit diagram of FIG. 2. The fifth slip ring in particular is connected to the poles 7 to be switched off, which in turn are connected to the slip ring 1 between the poles which are not to be switched and the line of the poles which are not to be switched. In this case too, a disconnect and reverse switch 6 is provided, which has the task of reversing the polarity of the supplied current for the poles to be switched and at the same time excluding poles which are not to be switched.
Wie den Zeichnungen der bekannten Ausfuehrungsformen zu entnehmen ist, treten erhebliche konstruktive Schwierigkeiten auf, die auf die grosse Anzahl von Schleifringen mit den dazugehoeringen --*,As can be seen from the drawings of the known embodiments, considerable constructional difficulties arise, which are due to the large number of slip rings with the associated rings - *,
Kontaktbuersten zurueckzufuehren ist. Ferner ist auch die Tatsache zu beruecksichtϊgen , dass im Fall von fuenf Schleifringen jener Ring, dem kein elektrischer Strom zugefuehrt wird, einem erheblichen Verschleiss ausgesetzt ist. Es treten daherContact brushes is to be returned. Furthermore, the fact must be taken into account that in the case of five slip rings, that ring to which no electrical current is supplied is subject to considerable wear. Therefore occur
5 Schwierigkeiten hinsichtlich seines Austausches und seiner Wartung auf.5 difficulties with its replacement and maintenance.
Aufgabe der vorstehenden Erfindung ist es, die genannten Nachteile zu vermeiden und einn Stromkreis zum Schalten der Polzahl am Rotor von Synchronmaschinen zu schaffen, der die Moeglichkeit erschliesst, 10 die Umkehrung und u.U. den Äusschluss der Pole, unter Verwendung von lediglich zwei Schleifringen durchzuf uehren .The object of the above invention is to avoid the disadvantages mentioned and to create a circuit for switching the number of poles on the rotor of synchronous machines, which opens up the possibility, 10 the inversion and possibly. the exclusion of the poles, using only two slip rings.
Eine weitere Aufgabe der Erfindung ist darin zu sehen, den Aufbau der elektrischen Maschine wesentlich zu vereinfachen und dafuer Sorge zu tragen, dass die zwei verwendeten Schleifringe stets unter 15 elektrischer Stromzufuhr stehen, wodurch der Verschleiss der Ringe wesentlich gemindert wird.Another object of the invention is to be seen to simplify the construction of the electrical machine considerably and to ensure that the two slip rings used are always under an electrical power supply, whereby the wear of the rings is significantly reduced.
Eine weitere Aufgabe der Erfindung besteht darin, eineAnother object of the invention is to provide a
Umkehrschaltung vorzuschlagen, die besonders vielseitig einsetzbar ist und die Moeglichkeit eroeffnet, auf eine grossen Anzahl baulich 20 verschiedener Pole einzuwirken, wodurch eine weitere Vereinfachung des Maschinenaufbaues moeglich wird.To propose reverse switching, which is particularly versatile and opens the possibility to act on a large number of structurally 20 different poles, whereby a further simplification of the machine structure is possible.
Eine letzte Aufgabe der vorstehenden Erfindung besteht darin, einen Stromkreis zur der Polzahl am Rotor von Synchronmaschinen zu schaffen, die eine groesstmoegl ϊche Zuverlaessigkei t undA final object of the above invention is to provide a circuit for the number of poles on the rotor of synchronous machines which has the greatest possible reliability and
25 Funktionsicherheϊt bietet. - A -25 functional reliability. - A -
Die erf indungsgemaessen Aufgaben werden mit einem Stromkreis zur Schaltung der Polzahl am Rotor von Synchronmaschinen dadurch geloest, dass ein Rotorschaltkreis mit einem ersten und mit einem zweiten Schleifring verbunden ist und mit diesen Schleifringen Kontaktbuersten in Beruehrung stehen, die mit einer elektrischen Stromquelle, unter Zwischenschaltung eines Trenn- undThe tasks according to the invention are achieved with a circuit for switching the number of poles on the rotor of synchronous machines in that a rotor circuit is connected to a first and a second slip ring and contact brushes are in contact with these slip rings which are connected to an electrical power source, with the interposition of a Separating and
Umkehrschalters verbindbar sind, dass ferner der Rotorstromkreis die Spulen der umzuschaltenden Pole aufnimmt, die mit einem der Schleifringe verbunden sind, und ueber eine erste Diode an einen Stromkreis angeschlossen sind, der von den Spulen der nicht umzuschaltenden Pole, einer zweiten und einer dritten Diode gebildet ist, dass der Stromkreis mit einem weiteren Schleifring wϊrkverbunden ' ist und eine Abzweigung vorgesehen ist, die eine vierte Diode mit umgekehrter Polaritaet gegenueber den erstgenannten Dioden aufnimmt und, dass ein Anschluss dieser Diode zwischen den Spulen der umzuschaltenden Pole und der ersten Diode vorgesehen ist und dass der andere Anschluss zwischen den Spulen der nicht umzuschaltenden Pole und der zweiten Diode angeordnet ist. Weitere Merkmale und Vorteile koennen der nun folgenden Beschreibung von Ausfuehrungsbeispϊelen des erf indungsgemaessen Stromkreises zum Schalten der Polzahl am Rotor vonReversible switch can be connected, that the rotor circuit also receives the coils of the poles to be switched, which are connected to one of the slip rings, and are connected via a first diode to a circuit formed by the coils of the poles not to be switched, a second and a third diode is that the circuit is ' connected ' to another slip ring and a branch is provided which receives a fourth diode with opposite polarity compared to the first mentioned diodes and that a connection of this diode is provided between the coils of the poles to be switched and the first diode and that the other connection is arranged between the coils of the non-switchable poles and the second diode. Further features and advantages can be found in the following description of exemplary embodiments of the circuit according to the invention for switching the number of poles on the rotor of
Synchronmaschinen, sowie den beϊgefuegten Zeichnungen entnommen werden. Fig. 1 und 2 zeigen elektrische Schaltkreise mit und ohne abzuschaltende Pole, wie diese aus dem Stand der Technik bekann sind ;Synchronous machines, as well as the attached drawings. 1 and 2 show electrical circuits with and without Poles to be switched off, as are known from the prior art;
Fig. 3 zeigt einen erf indungsgemaessen elektrischen Umschaltkreis;3 shows an electrical switching circuit according to the invention;
Fig. 4 zeigt ein elektrisches Schaltschema des Umschal tkreϊses " gemaess der Erfindung, mit unterschiedlichem Anschluss undFig. 4 shows an electrical circuit diagram of the Umschal tkreϊses " according to the invention, with different connection and
Anordnung der auszusch I iessenden Pole.Arrangement of the poles to be fired.
Unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnungen weist der erf indungsgemaesseWith reference to the drawings, the invention shows
Stromkreis zum Umschalten der Polzahl am Rotor einerCircuit for switching the number of poles on the rotor one
Sychronmaschine einen Schaltkreis des Rotors auf, der in seiner Gesamtheit mit dem Bez,ugszeichen 10 gekennzeichnet ist, und an seinen Enden mit einem ersten Schleifring 11 und einem zweiten Schleifring 12 in Wirkverbindung steht.Synchronous machine on a circuit of the rotor, which is identified in its entirety with the reference numeral 10, and is operatively connected at its ends to a first slip ring 11 and a second slip ring 12.
Auf die Schleifringe wirken Buersten 13 ein, die mit denBrushes 13 act on the slip rings
Anschluessen 14 fuer die Zufuehrung des elektrischen Stromes; unter Zwischenschaltung eines Trenn- und Umkehrschalters 15 verbunden sind-. Bei Aendern der Schalterstellung wird die Polaritaet des zugefuehrten Stromes umgekehrt.Connections 14 for the supply of the electrical current; are connected with the interposition of a disconnector and reversing switch 15. If the switch position changes, the polarity of the supplied current is reversed.
Der Stromkreis des Rotors 10 weist die Spulen der umzuschaltenden Pole 20 auf, die in Serie geschaltet sind. Mit der Leitung 21 sind die Pole 20 an einen ersten Schleifring 11 angeschlossen.The circuit of the rotor 10 has the coils of the poles 20 to be switched, which are connected in series. With the line 21, the poles 20 are connected to a first slip ring 11.
Die umzuschaltenden Pole 20 sind Bestanteil eines Stromkreises 22 der eine erste Drehdiode 23 aufweist.The poles 20 to be switched are part of a circuit 22 which has a first rotating diode 23.
Der Schaltkreis 22 nimmt die Spulen 24 der nicht umzuschaltendenThe circuit 22 takes the coils 24 of the not to be switched
Pole auf, die in Serie geschaltet sind und im Schaltkreis 22 mit einer zweiten Diode 25 und einer dritten Diode 26 wirkverbundeπ sind.Poles on, which are connected in series and in the circuit 22 with a second diode 25 and a third diode 26 operatively connected are.
Der Schaltkreis 22 ist zwischen "'der zweiten Diode 25 und der dritten Diode 26 mit dem zweiten Schleifring 12 wirkverbunden, dies ueber die Leitung 27. Es ist ferner eine Leitungsverzweigung 30 vorgesehen, die eine vierte Diode 31 aufnimmt, die 'jmgekehrte Polaritaet gegenueber den vorher genannten Dioden hat.The circuit 22 is between " 'of the second diode 25 and the third diode 26 is operatively connected with the second slip ring 12, this via the line 27. It is a further branch line 30 is provided which receives a fourth diode 31' jmgekehrte polarity to the previously mentioned diodes.
Die Verzweigung 30 ist mit einem Ende zwischen den umzuschaltenden Polen 20 und der ersten Diode 23 angeschlossen, ihr anderes Ende ist zwischen den nicht umzuschaltenden Polen 24 und der dritten Diode 25' angeschlossen.The branch 30 is connected at one end between the poles 20 to be switched and the first diode 23, its other end is connected between the poles 24 not to be switched and the third diode 25 ' .
Wie schematisch in Fig. 3 dargestellt ist , sind Spulen auszuschaltender Pole 40 vorgesehen. Diese koennen auf verschiedene Weise mit dem Stromkreis verbunden sein. In Fig. 3 sind die auszuschaltenden Pole 40 mit dem Stromkreis 22 zwischen der Leitungsverzweϊgung 30 und der Diode 25 angeordnet. Tn Fig. 4, die einen aehnfϊchen Schaltkreis zeigt, sind die auszuschaltenden Pole 40 zwischen der dritten Diode 26 und dem Verbindungspunkt des Stromkreises 22 zur elektrischen Verbindungsleitung 27 des Schleifringes 12 angeschlossen.As shown schematically in FIG. 3, coils of poles 40 to be switched off are provided. These can be connected to the circuit in various ways. 3, the poles 40 to be switched off are arranged with the circuit 22 between the line junction 30 and the diode 25. 4, which shows a similar circuit, the poles 40 to be switched off are connected between the third diode 26 and the connection point of the circuit 22 to the electrical connecting line 27 of the slip ring 12.
Es- ist moeglϊch, die auszuschaltenden Pole in verschiedenen anderen Stellen des Stromkreises des Rotors anzubringen, wie dies mit gestrichelten Quadraten dargestellt ist, die mit dem Bezugszeichen 41 gekennzeichnet sind, und z.B. vor oder nach der ersten Diode 23 im Teilstueck zwischen dem Stromkreis 22 und der Verbindung der ~ -It is possible to attach the poles to be switched off in various other locations in the circuit of the rotor, as is shown with dashed squares, which are identified by the reference number 41, and for example before or after the first diode 23 in the section between the circuit 22 and the connection of the ~ -
Abzweigungsleitung 30, sowie im Teilstueck zwischen der zweiten Diode 25 und der Leitung 27 vorgesehen sein koennen. Aehnlich koennen die auszusch I iessenden Stromkreise, wie dies in Fig.. 4 dargestellt ist, in der Verzweigung 30 sowohl vor als auch "nach der vierten Diode 31 vorgesehen sein, und im Stromkreis 22 zwischen der dritten Diode 26 und dem Aπschlusspunkt der ersten Diode 23.Branch line 30 and in the section between the second diode 25 and the line 27 can be provided. Similarly, the auszusch I iessenden circuits, as shown in Fig .. 4, in the branch 30, both before and provided "by the fourth diode 31 may be, and in the circuit 22 between the third diode 26 and the Aπschlusspunkt the first diode 23.
Mit dem beschriebenen Stromkreis ist es moeglich eine Umkehrung der Polaritaet des Stromes, der den umzukehrenden Polen zugefuehrt wird, vorzunehmen, dabei werden die elektrischen Merkmale der Dioden ausgenuetzt. Man erhaelt eine Umkehrung der Polaritaet des zugefuehrten Stromes und eine Umkehrung der Pole mit lediglich zwei Schleifringen, was zu einer wesentlichen konstruktiven Vereinfachung fuehrt . Es sei noch hinzugefuegt , dass es moeglich ist, den Stromkreis mit Dioden herzustellen, die alle umgekehrte Polaritaet gegenüeber der in den Zeichnungen angegebenen Polaritaet aufweisen. Ferner koennen die in den Schaltkreisen dargestellten Dioden durch Baugruppen Serieschaltung/Parallelschaltung der Dioden ersetzt werden, um sich an die verschiedenen Stromstaerken und Spannungen anpassen zu koennen.With the circuit described, it is possible to reverse the polarity of the current that is supplied to the poles to be reversed, thereby utilizing the electrical characteristics of the diodes. One obtains a reversal of the polarity of the supplied current and a reversal of the poles with only two slip rings, which leads to an essential constructional simplification. It should also be added that it is possible to produce the circuit using diodes which are all of opposite polarity to the polarity indicated in the drawings. Furthermore, the diodes shown in the circuits can be replaced by assemblies series connection / parallel connection of the diodes in order to be able to adapt to the different current levels and voltages.
Selbstverstaendl ich kann die Umkehrung der Polaritaet des zugefuehrten Stromes mit jedem anderendazu geeigneten elektrischen Geraet durchgefuehrt werden, auch wenn es nicht den Aufbau des Trenn- und Umkehrschalters hat. - 2 -Of course, the reversal of the polarity of the supplied current can be carried out with any other suitable electrical device, even if it does not have the structure of the isolating and reversing switch. - 2 -
In der praktischen Anwendung tritt ein, dass mit der in Fig. 3 dargestellten Polaritaet des zugefuehrten Stromes, dieser Strom in einer Richtung die umzuschaltenden Pole 20 durchfliesst, durch die erste Diode 23 zum Stromkreis 22 geleiet wird, die Pole 24, die nicht umzuschalten sind, und die u.U. auszuschaltenden Pole 40 durchstroemt und von hier den Stromkreis im zweiten Schleifring 12 seh I ϊ esst .In practical use it occurs that with the polarity of the supplied current shown in FIG. 3, this current flows through the poles 20 to be switched in one direction, through the first diode 23 to the circuit 22, the poles 24, which are not to be switched , and the possibly Poles 40 to be switched off and see the circuit from here in the second slip ring 12.
Durch Umkehrung der Polaritaet des zugefuehrten Stromes tritt ein, dass der Strom stets in gleicher Richtung die Pole 24, (die nicht umzuschalten sind) ueber die dritte Diode 26 durchfliesst und dann die Abzweigung 32 durchstroemt, die von der vierten Diode 31 kontrolliert wird, und dies mit umgekehrter Polaritaet gegenueber den vorher angegebenen Polaritaeten; dann durchfliesst der Strom in entgegengesetzter Richtung die umzuschaltenden Pole 20, die auszuschaltenden Pole 40 werden aber nicht vom Strom durchflössen, da die Stromzufuhr durch die zweite Diode 25 verhindert wird. Eine aehnlϊche Ueberlegung gilt fuer die auszuschaltenden Pole, die in den gestrϊchtel ten Feldern angeordnet sind und mit 41 gekennzeichnet sind. Der Beschreibung kann entnommen werden, wie durch die Erfindung die gestellten Aufgaben geloest werden. Es sei an dieser Stelle besonders die Tatsache herausgestellt, dass die Vorsehung drehbarer Dioden eine drastische Vereinfachung, in konstruktiver Hinsicht, des Stromlaufplanes ermoeglicht, mit allen Vorteilen konstruktiver und funktϊonel ler Art. -gReversing the polarity of the supplied current means that the current always flows in the same direction through the poles 24 (which cannot be switched) via the third diode 26 and then through the branch 32, which is controlled by the fourth diode 31, and this with reverse polarity compared to the previously specified polarities; then the current flows in the opposite direction through the poles 20 to be switched over, but the poles 40 to be switched off are not flowed through by the current, since the current supply through the second diode 25 is prevented. A similar consideration applies to the poles to be switched off, which are arranged in the striated fields and are marked with 41. The description shows how the objects are achieved by the invention. At this point, the fact that the provision of rotatable diodes allows a drastic simplification, in terms of construction, of the circuit diagram is emphasized, with all the advantages of a constructive and functional kind. -G
Die Erfindung kann baulich auch veraendert werden, ohne dadurc aus dem Schutzumfang auszutreten. Auch koennen Einzelteile durc gleichwertige andere Bauteile ersetzt werden. The invention can also be structurally changed without leaving the scope of protection. Individual parts can also be replaced by equivalent other components.

Claims

Paten tansprueche Godparents claims
1. Stromkreis zum Schalten der Polzahl am Rotor von1. Circuit for switching the number of poles on the rotor from
Synchronmaschinen, dadurch gekennzeichnet , dass einSynchronous machines, characterized in that a
Rotorschaltkreis (10) vorgesehen ist, der mit einem ersten (11) und einem zweiten Schleifring (12) verbunden ist, und mit diesen Schleifringen (10, 11) Kontaktbuersten (13) in Wirkverbinding stehen, die mit einer elektrischen Stromquelle (14) verbunden sind, unter Zwischenschaltung eines Trenn- und Umkehrschalters (15), dass fe ner der Rotorstromkreis (10) 'die Spulen der umzuschaltenden Pole (20) aufnimmt, die mit einem der Schleϊfrϊoge (11) wirkverbunden sind, und ueber eine erste Diode (23) an einen Stromkreis (22) angeschlossen sind, der von den Spulen (24) der nicht umzuschaltenden Pole und einer zweiten (25) und einer dritten Diode (26) gebildet ist, dass der Stromkreis (22) mit dem weiteren Schleifring (23) wirkverbunden ist, und eine Abzweigung (30) vorgesehen ist, die eine vierte Diode (31) mit umgekehrter Polaritaet gegenueber der Polaritaet der erstgenannten Dioden (23, 25, 26) aufweist un dass ein Anschluss dieser Diode (31) zwischen den Spulen (20) der umzuschaltenden Pole und der ersten Diode (23) angeschlossen ist und der andere Anschluss zwischen den Spulen (24) der nicht umzuschaltenden Pole und der zweiten Diode (25) angeschlossen ist.Rotor circuit (10) is provided, which is connected to a first (11) and a second slip ring (12), and with these slip rings (10, 11) contact brushes (13) are operatively connected, which are connected to an electrical power source (14) are, with the interposition of a disconnect and reverse switch (15), that the rotor circuit (10) 'receives the coils of the poles (20) to be switched, which are operatively connected to one of the slides (11), and via a first diode (23 ) are connected to a circuit (22) which is formed by the coils (24) of the poles not to be switched and a second (25) and a third diode (26) such that the circuit (22) with the further slip ring (23) is operatively connected, and a branch (30) is provided which has a fourth diode (31) with reversed polarity compared to the polarity of the former diodes (23, 25, 26) and that a connection of this diode (31) between the coils (20 ) the Po to be switched le and the first diode (23) is connected and the other connection between the coils (24) of the non-switchable poles and the second diode (25) is connected.
2. Stromkreis, nach Patentanspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die erste Diode (23) mit dem Stromkreis zwischen den Spulen der nicht umzuschaltenden Pole und der dritten Diode (26) verbunden ist.2. Circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that the first diode (23) with the circuit between the coils of not switchable poles and the third diode (26) is connected.
3. Stromkreis, nach Patentanspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Stromkreis (22) mit dem anderen Schleifring (13) zwischen der zweiten (25) und dritten Diode (26) verbunden ist.3. Circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that the circuit (22) with the other slip ring (13) between the second (25) and third diode (26) is connected.
4. Stromkreis, nach Patentanspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Stromkreis (22) die Spulen (40) von auszuschaltenden Polen aufnimmt, die im Stromkreis (22) zwischen dem Verbiπdungspunkt mit der ersten Diode (23) und dem Verbindungspunkt mit der Abzweigung (30), ausserhalb des Tei I stueckes, das von den Spulen (24) der nicht umzuschaltenden Pole beinflusst wird, angeordnet ist.4. Circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that the circuit (22) receives the coils (40) of poles to be switched off, which in the circuit (22) between the connection point with the first diode (23) and the connection point with the branch ( 30), is arranged outside the part which is influenced by the coils (24) of the poles which cannot be switched.
5. Stromkreis, nach Patentanspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Stromkreise der auszuschaltenden Spulen (40 mit der Verzweigungsleitung (30) wϊrkverbunden sind. 5. Circuit, according to claim 1, characterized in that the circuits of the coils to be switched off (40 with the branch line (30) are connected wϊrk.
6. Stromkreis, nach Patentanspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Spulen (41) der auszuschaltenden Pole vor und nach der ersten Diode (23) an das Teilstueck zwischen der Verbindung zu dem Stromkreis (22) und der Verbindung der Abzweigung ( 30 Jangeordnet sind . 6. Circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that the coils (41) of the poles to be switched off before and after the first diode (23) are arranged on the section between the connection to the circuit (22) and the connection of the branch (30 J) .
PCT/EP1987/000324 1986-06-27 1987-06-22 Power circuit for switching the number of poles on the rotor of synchronous machines by using rotative diodes WO1988000409A2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT20933A/86 1986-06-27
IT20933/86A IT1191814B (en) 1986-06-27 1986-06-27 SWITCHING CIRCUIT OF THE NUMBER OF POLES ON THE SYNCHRONOUS MACHINE ROTOR USING ROTARY DIODES

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WO1988000409A2 true WO1988000409A2 (en) 1988-01-14
WO1988000409A3 WO1988000409A3 (en) 1988-01-28

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EP (1) EP0290480A1 (en)
JP (1) JPH01501036A (en)
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US5173569A (en) * 1991-07-09 1992-12-22 The Ensign-Bickford Company Digital delay detonator
WO2015078603A1 (en) * 2013-11-28 2015-06-04 Nrg Tech Ltd. Electric machine

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AU656885B2 (en) * 1989-10-27 1995-02-23 Satake Engineering Co. Ltd. Multiple-stator synchronous induction motor
US5736829A (en) * 1994-08-02 1998-04-07 Performance Controls, Inc. High-speed constant-horsepower motor
BR9807036A (en) * 1997-01-29 2000-03-14 Dieter W Blum Dynamo-electric machines and operating and control systems for them.
WO1998044615A1 (en) * 1997-03-28 1998-10-08 Dax Industries, Inc. Electronically commutated pole-changing motor
US8319481B2 (en) * 2006-12-26 2012-11-27 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Pole shifting generator

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US5173569A (en) * 1991-07-09 1992-12-22 The Ensign-Bickford Company Digital delay detonator
WO2015078603A1 (en) * 2013-11-28 2015-06-04 Nrg Tech Ltd. Electric machine
CN104813569A (en) * 2013-11-28 2015-07-29 Nrg科技有限公司 Electric machine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IT1191814B (en) 1988-03-23
IT8620933A0 (en) 1986-06-27
IT8620933A1 (en) 1987-12-27
EP0290480A1 (en) 1988-11-17
US4866364A (en) 1989-09-12
JPH01501036A (en) 1989-04-06
WO1988000409A3 (en) 1988-01-28

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