WO1986004391A1 - Wave energy plant - Google Patents

Wave energy plant Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1986004391A1
WO1986004391A1 PCT/EP1986/000013 EP8600013W WO8604391A1 WO 1986004391 A1 WO1986004391 A1 WO 1986004391A1 EP 8600013 W EP8600013 W EP 8600013W WO 8604391 A1 WO8604391 A1 WO 8604391A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
chamber
inflow
wave energy
outflow
wave
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP1986/000013
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Dieter Bliesener
Original Assignee
Dieter Bliesener
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dieter Bliesener filed Critical Dieter Bliesener
Publication of WO1986004391A1 publication Critical patent/WO1986004391A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F03B13/12—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
    • F03B13/14—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy
    • F03B13/141—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy with a static energy collector
    • F03B13/144—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy with a static energy collector which lifts water above sea level
    • F03B13/145—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy with a static energy collector which lifts water above sea level for immediate use in an energy converter
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F03B13/12—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
    • F03B13/14—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy
    • F03B13/16—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem"
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/30—Energy from the sea, e.g. using wave energy or salinity gradient

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a wave energy system with a floating body, which has an inflow chamber above an exhaust flow chamber, which are connected to one another via at least one hydropower machine and are provided with at least one inflow or outflow opening, which openings can be closed with a blocking element that opens only in one sighting.
  • the inflow chamber is an upwardly open channel in which the seawater entering from a passing wave crest via the inflow openings collects; because the blocking elements provided at the inflow openings prevent the water from flowing back into the sea when it is discharged pulling the wave crest, ie while the system is immersed in a wave valley.
  • the water then flows via the hydropower machine, which drives a generator, into the outflow chamber and from there through the outflow openings back into the sea.
  • the blocking elements on the outflow openings are designed such that they close when the water level rises, ie when a wave crest arrives.
  • the object of the invention is now to eliminate the disadvantages mentioned and to increase the energy yield of floating wave energy systems by using part of the dynamic pressure of the wave movement in the energy conversion.
  • a wave energy system projects a part of the bottom wall of the inflow chamber laterally beyond the outflow chamber and has the inflow openings with the blocking element opening upwards. Due to this, according to the invention, horizontal arrangement of the blocking elements for the inflow openings on the underside of the inflow chamber, a build-up pressure is generated by the upwardly swinging ocean waves in front of the inflow openings, which keeps the pressure in the inflow chamber at low wave heights above the static pressure corresponding to the wave height and thus at All wave heights guaranteed a favorable efficiency of the hydropower machine.
  • this chamber has proven useful to use this chamber with at least one vent Provide opening that can be closed with a float valve in order to limit the volume of the air cushion according to the invention.
  • the blocking elements on the outflow chamber are designed as hanging flaps which can be pivoted about a horizontal axis, the surface of which faces away from the outflow chamber has a curvature parallel to the pivot axis.
  • the water flowing along the curved flap surface in the vertical direction causes horizontal force components acting in opposite directions on the rising and falling curved surface and acting on different lever arms.
  • Upward flowing water causes closing and downward flowing water creates an opening torque on the flap, which shortens its opening and closing times, which increases performance affects the wave energy system.
  • a force is transmitted from the housing of the hydropower machine to the floating body of the wave energy installation which tends to rotate this installation about an essentially vertical axis, so that the installation is to be anchored very firmly to the sea floor.
  • This torque can be counteracted according to the invention in that the wave energy system is equipped with a pair of hydropower machines, the rotors of which rotate in the opposite direction. The rotational forces transmitted from the housings of the hydropower machines to the floating body are thus opposite and therefore cancel each other out.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic sectional view a wave energy system with two hydroelectric machines along the line I - I of Fig. 2,
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic top view of the wave energy plant according to FIG. 1.
  • the floating body of the wave energy system shown is made of reinforced concrete and comprises an inflow chamber 2 arranged above an outflow chamber 4 with blocking elements 5 designed as non-return flaps with blocking elements 3 designed as non-return valves.
  • the inflow chamber 2 sits like a mushroom hat on the outflow chamber 4 and has an airtight seal as well as domed cover 1 and are the locking elements 3 in which the
  • Outflow chamber 4 laterally projecting bottom region of the inflow chamber 2 is provided.
  • the partition 6 between the inflow 2 and outflow chamber 3 there are two flow openings 7, each with an inserted water Engine 8 with coupled alternator 9, which are arranged in encapsulated rooms 10 in the inflow chamber 2.
  • the runners of the hydropower machines rotate in the opposite direction.
  • the cover In the cover
  • a ventilation opening 11 is arranged, which can be closed by a spherical buoyancy body 12.
  • the floating body made of reinforced concrete is buoyed by air chambers 13, 14, 15.
  • the air chambers 13, 14, 15 are chosen so large that the water line of the floating body in calm seas approximately at the level of the mouth of the vent hole
  • a rectifier 19 is arranged in the air chamber 13 for each generator 9.
  • An electric line 20 leads from the three-phase generators 9 to the coast via the rectifiers 19.
  • Eyes 16 and 17 are provided on the outflow chamber 4. They are used to attach anchor chains 18 and and for anchoring the floating body, which is to be carried out in such a way that the blocking elements 3 lie on the sea side and the sea waves hit the floating body parallel or obliquely.
  • the dimensions of the float are to be chosen according to the prevailing sea profile at the intended place of use so that part of the blocking elements 3 on the inflow chamber 2 in the region of a wave crest and part of the blocking elements 5 on the outflow chamber 4 are simultaneously in the region of a wave trough.
  • the sea waves vibrating upwards under the inflow chamber 2 of the float hit the barrier located in their area elements 3 and press water into the inflow chamber 2. They compress the air in it below the cover 1 after the vent 11 has been closed beforehand by the rising water level in the inflow chamber 2 with the buoyancy body 12.
  • the immersion depth of the float increases slightly due to the inflowing amount of water.
  • the air pressure prevailing above the water level in the inflow chamber 2 and the water pressure in front of the blocking elements 5 in the outflow chamber 4, which lie in the region of wave troughs, result in a maximum pressure drop, which water from the inflow chamber 2 through the hydropower machines 8 into the outflow chamber 4 and through the locking elements 5 located in it, located in the area of wave troughs, presses.
  • the maximum pressure drop between the blocking elements 3 and 5, through which water flows in and out, and the amount of water flowing through the hydropower machines 8 are a measure of the Pressure energy that is converted into mechanical energy in the hydropower machines 8 and used to drive the three-phase generators 9.
  • the three-phase current generated by the three-phase generators 9 is expediently converted into direct current in the rectifiers 19.
  • the direct current output from a plurality of three-phase generators 9 can be used via separate windings to generate the armature and pole field of a direct current motor, which is expediently a shunt motor.
  • the energy output of this direct current motor, not shown, can then be supplied by a likewise not shown , Three-phase generator converted into three-phase current and fed into the public power grid.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)

Abstract

A plant for the exploitation of wave energy comprises a float anchor at the bottom of the sea and subdivided into an inlet chamber (2) and a discharge chamber (4) which are provided with a plurality of barrage elements (3, 5) which let the stream pass in only one direction. One or a plurality of flow openings (7) are formed in the wall between the inlet chamber (2) and the discharge chamber (4), a hydraulic turbine (8) coupled to a generator (9) being arranged in each opening. The water penetrates in the inlet chamber (2) through the barrage elements (3) which are in the area of the up waves of the sea. The water comes out of the discharge chamber (4) through the barrage elements (5) which are in the region of the trough of the waves. The pressure difference between the barrage elements (3, 5) opened by the water which enters and comes out and the volume of water which flows due to said difference through the hydraulic turbines (8) produces a useful energy.

Description

Wellenenergieanlage Wave power plant
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Wellenenergieanlage mit einem Schwimmkörper, der oberhalb einer Ausatrömkammer eine Einströmkammer aufweist, die über mindestens eine Wasserkraftmaschine miteinander verbunden sowie mit mindestens einer Einström- bzw. Ausströmöffnung versehen sind, welche Öffnungen mit äe einem nur in einer Sichtung öffnenden Sperrelement verschließbar sind.The invention relates to a wave energy system with a floating body, which has an inflow chamber above an exhaust flow chamber, which are connected to one another via at least one hydropower machine and are provided with at least one inflow or outflow opening, which openings can be closed with a blocking element that opens only in one sighting.
Bei einer derartigen aus der GB-PS 1 581 831 bekannten Anlage zur Gewinnung von elektrischer Energie aus der Wellenbewegung des Meeres ist die Einströmkammer eine nach oben offene Rinne, in der sich das von einem vorbeilaufenden Wellenberg über die Einströmöffnungen eintretende Meerwasser sammelt; denn die an den Einströmöffnungen vαgesehenen Sperrelemente verhindern das Rückströmen des Wassers ins Meer beim Ab ziehen des Wellenberges, d. h. während die Anlage in ein Wellental eintaucht. Das Wasser fließt dann über die Wasserkraftmaschine, die einen Generator antreibt, in die Ausströmkammer und von dort durch die Ausströmöffnungen ins Meer zurück. Dabei sind die Sperrelemente an den Ausströmöffnungen so ausgebildet, daß sie bei ansteigendem Wasserspiegel, d. h. beim Ankommen eines Wellenberges, schließen. Aufgrund des großen Gewichtes der Anlage reagiert diese mit Veränderungen ihrer Schwimmlage äußerst träge auf die Wellenbewegung des Meeres, so daß auf diese Weise das Fließen des Wassers aus der Einströmkammer in die Ausströmkammer und dadurch der Antrieb der Wasserkraftmaschine sichergestellt ist. Nachteilig ist hierbei nicht nur die von der unterschiedlichen Wellenhöhe herrührende Druckbeaufschlagung der Wasserkraftmaschine, sondern auch die geringe Nutzung der Wellenenergie, indem nur das Druckgefälle zwischen Wellenberg und Wellental auf die Kraftmaschine einwirkt, deren Energieausbeute bei geringen Wellenhöhen sehr schlecht ist.In such a system known from GB-PS 1 581 831 for the generation of electrical energy from the wave movement of the sea, the inflow chamber is an upwardly open channel in which the seawater entering from a passing wave crest via the inflow openings collects; because the blocking elements provided at the inflow openings prevent the water from flowing back into the sea when it is discharged pulling the wave crest, ie while the system is immersed in a wave valley. The water then flows via the hydropower machine, which drives a generator, into the outflow chamber and from there through the outflow openings back into the sea. The blocking elements on the outflow openings are designed such that they close when the water level rises, ie when a wave crest arrives. Due to the great weight of the system, this reacts extremely sluggishly to the wave movement of the sea with changes in its swimming position, so that in this way the flow of water from the inflow chamber into the outflow chamber and thereby the drive of the hydroelectric machine is ensured. The disadvantage here is not only the pressurization resulting from the different wave heights Hydropower machine, but also the low use of wave energy, since only the pressure difference between the wave crest and wave valley affects the machine, the energy yield of which is very poor at low wave heights.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es nun, die genannten Nachteile zu beseitigen und die Energieausbeute schwimmender Wellenenergieanlagen zu erhöhen, indem ein Teil des dynamischen Druckes der Wellenbewegung bei der Energieumwandlung genutzt wird.The object of the invention is now to eliminate the disadvantages mentioned and to increase the energy yield of floating wave energy systems by using part of the dynamic pressure of the wave movement in the energy conversion.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß ausgehend von einer Anlage der eingangs beschriebenen Art dadurch gelöst, daß die Einströmkammer eine luftundurchlässige und vorzugsweise gewölbte Abdeckung aufweist. Von dem die Wellenenergieanlage anströmenden Wasser der aufwärtsschwingenden Meereswellen werden die Sperrelemente an den Einströmöffnungen periodisch aufgedrückt, wodurch in die nach der Erfindung luftdicht abgedeckte Einströmkammer Wasser gelangt, das die auf diese Weise in dieser Kammer eingesperrte Luft verdichtet, Gleichzeitig öffnen sich.die Sperrelemente der Ausströmkammer, die sich im Bereich eines Wellentales befinden, so daß Wasser von der Einström- zur Ausströmkammer durch die Wasserkaftmaschine fließt und diese antreibt. Dabei hat es sich als zweckmäßig erwiesen, die Einström- und Ausströmöffnungen in Fließrichtung der Meereswellen auf gegenüberliegenden Seiten der Wellenenergieanlage so anzuordnen, daß gleichzeitig ein Teil der Sperrelemente der Einströmkammer im Bereich eines Wellenberges und ein Teil der Sperrele mente der Ausströmkammer im Bereich eines Wellentales liegen. Da zum Antrieb der Wasserkraftmaschine somit nicht nur der statische Wasserdruck, der sich aus dem Höhenunterschied zwischen dem Wasserspiegel in der Einströmkammer und dem Wasserspiegel des Wellentales, in dessen Bereich die Sperrelemente der Ausströmkammer öffnen, ergibt, sondern erfindungsgemäß auch der Druck der komprimierten Luft in der Einströmkammer, wodurch noch Schwankungen in der Menge des zuund abfließenden Wassers ausgeglichen werden, zur Verfügung steht, wird erreicht, daß die Wasserkraftmaschine im optimalen Kennfeldbereich arbeitet, und damit ein günstigesThis object is achieved based on a system of the type described in the introduction in that the inflow chamber has an air-impermeable and preferably curved cover. The blocking elements at the inflow openings are periodically pressed open by the water flowing up to the wave power plant, causing water to enter the inflow chamber covered in an airtight manner according to the invention, which compresses the air trapped in this chamber. At the same time, the blocking elements of the outflow chamber open , which are located in the area of a wave trough, so that water flows from the inflow to the outflow chamber through the hydraulic motor and drives it. It has proven to be expedient to arrange the inflow and outflow openings in the direction of flow of the sea waves on opposite sides of the wave energy system in such a way that at the same time part of the blocking elements of the inflow chamber in the region of a wave crest and part of the blocking element elements of the outflow chamber lie in the area of a trough. Since not only the static water pressure, which results from the height difference between the water level in the inflow chamber and the water level of the trough, in the area of which the blocking elements of the outflow chamber open, thus also drives the pressure of the compressed air in the Inflow chamber, which still compensates for fluctuations in the amount of water flowing in and out, is achieved so that the hydropower works in the optimal map area, and thus a cheap one
Verhältnis zwischen ausgenutzter Wellenenergie und aufgewandten Kosten für die Wellenenergieanlage erhalten.Relationship between exploited wave energy and costs incurred for the wave energy system.
Bei einer zweckmäßigen Ausgestaltung der er findungsgemäßen Wellenenergieanlage ragt ein Teil der Bodenwand der Einströmkammer seitlich über die Ausströmkammer hinaus und weist die Einströmöffnungen mit nach oben öffnenden Sperrelement auf. Durch diese nach der Erfindung waagerechte Anordnung der Sperrelemente für die Einströmöffnungen auf der Unterseite der Einströmkammer wird von den aufwärts schwingenden Meereswellen vor den EinströmÖffnungen ein Staudruck erzeugt, der den Druck in der Einströmkammer bei geringen Wellenhöhen über dem der Wellenhöhe entsprechenden statischen Druck hält und damit bei allen Wellenhöhen einen günstigen Wirkungsgrad der Wasserkraftmaschine gewährleistet.With an appropriate design of the he A wave energy system according to the invention projects a part of the bottom wall of the inflow chamber laterally beyond the outflow chamber and has the inflow openings with the blocking element opening upwards. Due to this, according to the invention, horizontal arrangement of the blocking elements for the inflow openings on the underside of the inflow chamber, a build-up pressure is generated by the upwardly swinging ocean waves in front of the inflow openings, which keeps the pressure in the inflow chamber at low wave heights above the static pressure corresponding to the wave height and thus at All wave heights guaranteed a favorable efficiency of the hydropower machine.
Zum weiteren Ausgleich von Druckschwankungen in der Einströmkammer hat es sich bewährt, diese Kammer mit mindestens einer Entluftungs öffnung zu versehen, die mit einem Schwimmventil verschließbar ist, um das Volumen des erfindungsgemäßen Luftpolsters zu begrenzen.To further compensate for pressure fluctuations in the inflow chamber, it has proven useful to use this chamber with at least one vent Provide opening that can be closed with a float valve in order to limit the volume of the air cushion according to the invention.
Bei einer anderen vorteilhaften Ausführungsform der Erfindung sind die Sperrelemente an der Ausströmkammer als hängende und um eine horizontale Achse schwenkbare Klappen ausgebildet, deren von der Ausströmkammer wegweisende Fläche eine zur Schwenkachse parallele Wölbung aufweist. Das in vertikaler Richtung an der gewölbten Klappenfläche entlang strömende Wasser verursacht an der ansteigenden und abfallenden Wölbungsfläche entgegengesetzt gerichtete und an unterschiedlichen Hebelarmen wirkende horizontale Kraftkomponenten. Dabei bewirkt aufwärts strömendes Wasser ein schließendes und abwärts strömendes Wasser ein öffnendes Drehmoment an der Klappe, wodurch deren Öffnungs- bzw. Schließzeit verkürzt wird, was sich leistungssteigernd auf die Wellenenergieanlage auswirkt.In another advantageous embodiment of the invention, the blocking elements on the outflow chamber are designed as hanging flaps which can be pivoted about a horizontal axis, the surface of which faces away from the outflow chamber has a curvature parallel to the pivot axis. The water flowing along the curved flap surface in the vertical direction causes horizontal force components acting in opposite directions on the rising and falling curved surface and acting on different lever arms. Upward flowing water causes closing and downward flowing water creates an opening torque on the flap, which shortens its opening and closing times, which increases performance affects the wave energy system.
Vom Gehäuse der Wasserkraftmaschine wird auf den Schwimmkörper der Wellenenergieanlage eine Kraft übertragen, die bestrebt ist, diese Anlage um eine im wesentlichen vertikale Achse zu drehen, so daß die Anlage sehr fest am Meeresgrund zu verankern ist. Dieser Drehkraft kann erfindungsgemäß dadurch entgegengewirkt werden, daß die Wellenenergieanlage mit einem Paar Wasserkraftmaschinen ausgerüstet ist, deren Läufer in entgegengesetzter Richtung rotieren. Die von den Gehäusen der Wasserkraftmaschinen auf den Schwimmkörper übertragenen Drehkräfte sind somit entgegengerichtet und heben sich daher auf.A force is transmitted from the housing of the hydropower machine to the floating body of the wave energy installation which tends to rotate this installation about an essentially vertical axis, so that the installation is to be anchored very firmly to the sea floor. This torque can be counteracted according to the invention in that the wave energy system is equipped with a pair of hydropower machines, the rotors of which rotate in the opposite direction. The rotational forces transmitted from the housings of the hydropower machines to the floating body are thus opposite and therefore cancel each other out.
Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen Wellenenergieanlage wird noch an Hand der Zeichnungen beschrieben. Es stellen dar:An embodiment of the wave energy system according to the invention will be described with reference to the drawings. They represent:
Fig. 1 eine schematische Schnittansicht durch eine Wellenenergieanlage mit zwei Wasserkraftmaschinen längs der Linie I - I der Fig. 2,Fig. 1 is a schematic sectional view a wave energy system with two hydroelectric machines along the line I - I of Fig. 2,
Fig. 2 eine schematische Draufsicht auf die Wellenenergieanlage nach Fig. 1.FIG. 2 shows a schematic top view of the wave energy plant according to FIG. 1.
Der Schwimmkörper der gezeigten Wellenenergieanlage besteht aus Stahlbeton und umfaßt eine über einer Ausströmkammer 4 mit als Rückschlagklappen ausgebildeten Sperrelementen 5 angeordnete Einströmkammer 2 mit als Rückschlagklappen ausgebildeten Sperrelementen 3. Dabei sitzt die Einströmkammer 2 wie der Hut eines Pilzes auf der Ausströmkammer 4, und weist eine luftdichte sowie gewölbte Abdeckung 1 auf und sind die Sperrelemente 3 in. dem dieThe floating body of the wave energy system shown is made of reinforced concrete and comprises an inflow chamber 2 arranged above an outflow chamber 4 with blocking elements 5 designed as non-return flaps with blocking elements 3 designed as non-return valves. The inflow chamber 2 sits like a mushroom hat on the outflow chamber 4 and has an airtight seal as well as domed cover 1 and are the locking elements 3 in which the
Ausströmkammer 4 seitlich überragenden Bodenbereich der Einströmkammer 2 vorgesehen. In der Trennwand 6 zwischen der Ein- 2 und Ausströmkammer 3 befinden sich zwei Durchströmöffnungen 7 mit je einer eingesetzten Wasser kraftmaschine 8 mit angekoppeltem Drehstromgenerator 9, die in abgekapselten Räumen 10 in der Einströmkammer 2 angeordnet sind. Die Läufer der Wasserkraftmaschinen rotieren in entgegengesetzter Richtung. In der AbdeckungOutflow chamber 4 laterally projecting bottom region of the inflow chamber 2 is provided. In the partition 6 between the inflow 2 and outflow chamber 3 there are two flow openings 7, each with an inserted water Engine 8 with coupled alternator 9, which are arranged in encapsulated rooms 10 in the inflow chamber 2. The runners of the hydropower machines rotate in the opposite direction. In the cover
I ist eine Entlüftungsöffnung 11 angeordnet, die durch einen kugelförmigen Auftriebskörper 12 verschlossen werden kann. Der Schwimmkörper aus Stahlbeton erhält durch Luftkammern 13, 14, 15 seine Schwimmfähigkeit. Die Luftkammern 13, 14, 15 sind so groß gewählt, daß die Wasserlinie des Schwimmkörpers bei ruhiger See etwa in Höhe der Einmündung der EntlüftungsbohrungI a ventilation opening 11 is arranged, which can be closed by a spherical buoyancy body 12. The floating body made of reinforced concrete is buoyed by air chambers 13, 14, 15. The air chambers 13, 14, 15 are chosen so large that the water line of the floating body in calm seas approximately at the level of the mouth of the vent hole
11 in der Einströmkammer 2 liegt. In der Luftkammer 13 ist für jeden Generator 9 ein Gleichrichter 19 angeordnet. Von den Drehstromgeneratoren 9 führt über die Gleichrichter 19 eine Elektroleitung 20 zur Küste. An der Ausströmkammer 4 sind Ösen 16 und 17 vorgesehen. Sie dienen zur Befestigung von Ankerketten 18 und und zur Verankerung des Schwimmkörpers, die so vorzunehmen ist, daß die Sperrelemente 3 auf der See-Seite liegen und die Meereswellen parallel oder schräg auf den Schwimmkörper treffen. Die Abmessungen des Schwimmkörpers sind entsprechend dem vorherrschenden Seegangsprofil am vorgesehenen Einsatzort so zu wählen, daß ein Teil der Sperrelemente 3 an der Einströmkammer 2 im Bereich eines Wellenberges und ein Teil der Sperrelemente 5 an der Ausströmkammer 4 gleichzeitig im Bereich eines Wellentales liegen.11 lies in the inflow chamber 2. A rectifier 19 is arranged in the air chamber 13 for each generator 9. An electric line 20 leads from the three-phase generators 9 to the coast via the rectifiers 19. Eyes 16 and 17 are provided on the outflow chamber 4. They are used to attach anchor chains 18 and and for anchoring the floating body, which is to be carried out in such a way that the blocking elements 3 lie on the sea side and the sea waves hit the floating body parallel or obliquely. The dimensions of the float are to be chosen according to the prevailing sea profile at the intended place of use so that part of the blocking elements 3 on the inflow chamber 2 in the region of a wave crest and part of the blocking elements 5 on the outflow chamber 4 are simultaneously in the region of a wave trough.
Im folgenden wird noch kurz die Arbeitsweise der dargestellten schwimmenden Wellenenergieanlage beschrieben:The mode of operation of the floating wave energy system shown is briefly described below:
Die unter der Einströmkammer 2 des Schwimmkörpers aufwärtsschwingenden Meereswellen stoßen die in ihrem Bereich liegenden Sperr elemente 3 auf und drücken Wasser in die Einströmkammer 2. Hierbei verdichten sie die sich in ihr unterhalb der Abdeckung 1 befindliche Luft, nachdem zuvor durch den ansteigenden Wasserspiegel in der Einströmkammer 2 mit dem Auftriebskörper 12 die Entlüftungsöffnung 11 verschlossen wurde. Durch die einströmende Wassermenge vergrößert sich die Eintauchtiefe des Schwimmkörpers geringfügig. Der über dem Wasserspiegel in der Einströmkammer 2 herrschende Luftdruck und der Wasserdruck vor den Sperrelementen 5 in der Ausströmkammer 4, die im Bereich von Wellentälern liegen, ergeben ein maximales Druckgefälle, welches Wasser von der Einströmkammer 2 durch die Wasserkraftmaschinen 8 in die Ausströmkammer 4 und durch die in ihr befindlichen, im Bereich von Wellentälern liegenden Sperrelementen 5, drückt.The sea waves vibrating upwards under the inflow chamber 2 of the float hit the barrier located in their area elements 3 and press water into the inflow chamber 2. They compress the air in it below the cover 1 after the vent 11 has been closed beforehand by the rising water level in the inflow chamber 2 with the buoyancy body 12. The immersion depth of the float increases slightly due to the inflowing amount of water. The air pressure prevailing above the water level in the inflow chamber 2 and the water pressure in front of the blocking elements 5 in the outflow chamber 4, which lie in the region of wave troughs, result in a maximum pressure drop, which water from the inflow chamber 2 through the hydropower machines 8 into the outflow chamber 4 and through the locking elements 5 located in it, located in the area of wave troughs, presses.
Bei stetigem Zufluß von Wasser in die Einström kammer 2 und stetigem Abfluß aus der Ausströmkammer 4 bleibt das Druckgefälle aufrechterhalten. Kleinere Unterschiede in der Menge des zuund abfließenden V/assers werden durch das Luftpolster in der Einströmkammer 2 ausgeglichen.With steady inflow of water into the inflow Chamber 2 and steady outflow from the outflow chamber 4, the pressure drop is maintained. Smaller differences in the amount of water flowing in and out are compensated for by the air cushion in the inflow chamber 2.
Gelangt Luft mit dem einströmenden Wasser in die Einströmkammer 2, so vergrößert sich das Luftpolster und drückt den Wasserspiegel in ihr herab, bis der Auftriebskörper 12 die Entlüftungsöffnung 11 frei gibt. Die unter Druck stehende Luft entweicht dann teilweise in die Atmosphäre, und der Wasserspiegel steigt wieder an und schließt die Entlüftungsöffnung 11 mit Hilfe des Auftriebskörpers 12.If air enters the inflow chamber 2 with the inflowing water, the air cushion increases and presses the water level down in it until the buoyancy body 12 clears the vent opening 11. The air under pressure then partially escapes into the atmosphere, and the water level rises again and closes the ventilation opening 11 with the aid of the buoyancy body 12.
Das maximale Druckgefälle zwischen den Sperrelementen 3 und 5, durch die Wasser zu- und abfließt, und die durch die Wasserkraftmaschinen 8 fließende Wassermenge sind ein Maß für die Druckenergie, die in den Wasserkraftmaschinen 8 in mechanische Energie umgewandelt und zum Antrieb der Drehstromgeneratoren 9 genutzt wird.The maximum pressure drop between the blocking elements 3 and 5, through which water flows in and out, and the amount of water flowing through the hydropower machines 8 are a measure of the Pressure energy that is converted into mechanical energy in the hydropower machines 8 and used to drive the three-phase generators 9.
Der von den Drehstromgeneratoren 9 erzeugte Drehstrom wird zweckmäßigerweise in den Gleichrichtern 19 in Gleichstrom umgeformt. Zur Erlangung großer Energieeinheiten kann dann der abgegebene Gleichstrom von mehreren Drehstromgeneratoren 9 über separate Wicklungen zur Erzeugung des Anker- und Polfeldes eines Gleichstrommotors, der zweckmäßigerweise ein Nebenschlußmotor ist, verwendet werden« Die abgegebene Energie dieses nicht dargestellten Gleichstrommotors kann dann durch einen, ebenfalls nicht dargestellten, Drehstromgenerator in Drehstrom umgeformt und in das öffentliche Stromnetz eingespeist werden. The three-phase current generated by the three-phase generators 9 is expediently converted into direct current in the rectifiers 19. In order to obtain large energy units, the direct current output from a plurality of three-phase generators 9 can be used via separate windings to generate the armature and pole field of a direct current motor, which is expediently a shunt motor. The energy output of this direct current motor, not shown, can then be supplied by a likewise not shown , Three-phase generator converted into three-phase current and fed into the public power grid.

Claims

P a t e nt an s p rü c h e P ate nt on demand
1. Wellenenergieanlage mit einem Schwimmkörper, der oberhalb einer Ausströmkammer eine Einströmkammer aufweist, die über mindestens eine Wasserkraftmaschine miteinander verbunden sowie mit mindestens einer Einström- bzw. Ausströmöffnung versehen sind, welche Öffnungen mit je einem nur in einer Richtung öffnenden Sperrelement verschließbar sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Einströmkammer (2) eine luftundurchlässige Abdeckung (1) aufweist.1.Wave energy system with a floating body which has an inflow chamber above an outflow chamber, which are connected to one another via at least one hydropower machine and are provided with at least one inflow or outflow opening, which openings can be closed with a blocking element which opens only in one direction, characterized in that that the inflow chamber (2) has an air-impermeable cover (1).
2. Wellenenergieanlage nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Einström- und die Ausströmöffnungen in Fließrichtung der Meereswellen auf gegenüberliegenden Seiten des Schwimmkörpers so angeordnet sind, daß gleichzeitig ein Teil der Sperrelemente (3) der Einströmkammer (2) im Bereich eines Wellenberges und ein Teil der Sperrelemente (5) der Ausströmkammer (4) im Bereich eines Wellentales liegen.2. Wave energy system according to claim 1, characterized in that the inflow and outflow openings are arranged in the flow direction of the sea waves on opposite sides of the float so that at the same time part of the blocking elements (3) of the inflow chamber (2) in the region of a wave crest and part of the blocking elements (5) of the outflow chamber (4) lie in the region of a trough.
3. Wellenenergieanlage nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein Teil der Bodenwand der Einströmkammer (2) seitlich über die Ausströmkammer (4) hinausragt und die Einströmöffnungen mit nach oben öffnenden Sperrelementen (3) aufweist.3. Wave energy system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a part of the bottom wall of the inflow chamber (2) projects laterally beyond the outflow chamber (4) and has the inflow openings with upwardly opening blocking elements (3).
4. Wellenenergieanlage nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Einströmkammer (2) mit mindestens einer Entlüftungsöffnung (11) versehen ist, die mit einem Schwimmerventil (12) verschließbar ist.4. Wave energy system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the inflow chamber (2) is provided with at least one vent opening (11) which can be closed with a float valve (12).
5. Wellenenergieanlage nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Sperrelemente (5) an der Ausströmkammer (4) als hängende und um eine horizontale Achse schwenkbare Klappen ausgebildet sind, deren von der Ausströmkammer (4) wegweisende Fläche eine zur Schwenkachse parallele Wölbung aufweist.5. Wave energy plant according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the blocking elements (5) on the outflow chamber (4) are designed as hanging flaps which can be pivoted about a horizontal axis, the surface of which faces away from the outflow chamber (4) has a curvature parallel to the pivot axis.
6. Wellenenergieanlage nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Abdeckung (1) der Einströmkammer (2) nach oben gewölbt ist.6. Wave energy system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cover (1) of the inflow chamber (2) is curved upwards.
7. Wellenenergieanlage nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, gekennzeichnet durch mindestens ein Paar Wasserkraftmaschinen (8), deren Läufer in entgegengesetzter Richtung rotieren. 7. wave energy installation according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by at least one pair of hydropower machines (8), the rotors of which rotate in the opposite direction.
PCT/EP1986/000013 1985-01-18 1986-01-16 Wave energy plant WO1986004391A1 (en)

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DEP3501543.8 1985-01-18
DE3501543 1985-01-18

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2211896A (en) * 1987-10-31 1989-07-12 Timothy William Bazeley Wave power device
DE3904442C1 (en) * 1989-02-10 1990-04-26 Heinz 1000 Berlin De Noack Device for converting wave lifting energy into rotational energy
US6747363B2 (en) * 2002-02-02 2004-06-08 Gines Sanchez Gomez Floating platform harvesting sea wave energy for electric power generation
EP2232055A1 (en) * 2007-12-17 2010-09-29 Carnegie Wave Energy Limited Buoyant actuator
US9222456B2 (en) 2008-08-29 2015-12-29 Hann-Ocean Energy Pte Ltd. Device with twin-chamber structure for conversion of wave energy of oscillating water

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB156248A (en) * 1919-04-23 1921-10-20 Frederick George Peck Improvements in apparatus for deriving power from waves, tides and the like
FR2233507A1 (en) * 1973-06-18 1975-01-10 Gustafson Manfred
US4022549A (en) * 1975-07-30 1977-05-10 Harold Gregg Shoreline air compressors wherein swell water pumps the air
GB2036189A (en) * 1978-11-03 1980-06-25 Inst Za Yadreni Izsledvaniya I Energy converter for extracting energy from sea waves (and the like)
GB1581831A (en) * 1976-06-09 1980-12-31 Energy Secretary Of State For Device for extracting energy from water waves

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB156248A (en) * 1919-04-23 1921-10-20 Frederick George Peck Improvements in apparatus for deriving power from waves, tides and the like
FR2233507A1 (en) * 1973-06-18 1975-01-10 Gustafson Manfred
US4022549A (en) * 1975-07-30 1977-05-10 Harold Gregg Shoreline air compressors wherein swell water pumps the air
GB1581831A (en) * 1976-06-09 1980-12-31 Energy Secretary Of State For Device for extracting energy from water waves
GB2036189A (en) * 1978-11-03 1980-06-25 Inst Za Yadreni Izsledvaniya I Energy converter for extracting energy from sea waves (and the like)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2211896A (en) * 1987-10-31 1989-07-12 Timothy William Bazeley Wave power device
DE3904442C1 (en) * 1989-02-10 1990-04-26 Heinz 1000 Berlin De Noack Device for converting wave lifting energy into rotational energy
US6747363B2 (en) * 2002-02-02 2004-06-08 Gines Sanchez Gomez Floating platform harvesting sea wave energy for electric power generation
EP2232055A1 (en) * 2007-12-17 2010-09-29 Carnegie Wave Energy Limited Buoyant actuator
CN101970855A (en) * 2007-12-17 2011-02-09 卡内基波能有限公司 Buoyant actuator
EP2232055A4 (en) * 2007-12-17 2013-05-01 Ceto Ip Pty Ltd Buoyant actuator
AP3001A (en) * 2007-12-17 2014-10-31 Ceto Ip Pty Ltd Buoyant actuator
US9103315B2 (en) 2007-12-17 2015-08-11 Ceto Ip Pty Ltd. Bouyant actuator
US9222456B2 (en) 2008-08-29 2015-12-29 Hann-Ocean Energy Pte Ltd. Device with twin-chamber structure for conversion of wave energy of oscillating water

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Publication number Publication date
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AU5452286A (en) 1986-08-13

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