WO1986001796A1 - Suppresseurs de la lueur d'armes a feu - Google Patents

Suppresseurs de la lueur d'armes a feu Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1986001796A1
WO1986001796A1 PCT/AU1985/000207 AU8500207W WO8601796A1 WO 1986001796 A1 WO1986001796 A1 WO 1986001796A1 AU 8500207 W AU8500207 W AU 8500207W WO 8601796 A1 WO8601796 A1 WO 8601796A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
propellant
ammonium salt
charge
flash
gun
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/AU1985/000207
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
David Alan Winkler
Original Assignee
The Commonwealth Of Australia Care Of The Secretar
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by The Commonwealth Of Australia Care Of The Secretar filed Critical The Commonwealth Of Australia Care Of The Secretar
Publication of WO1986001796A1 publication Critical patent/WO1986001796A1/fr

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B23/00—Compositions characterised by non-explosive or non-thermic constituents
    • C06B23/04—Compositions characterised by non-explosive or non-thermic constituents for cooling the explosion gases including antifouling and flash suppressing agents

Definitions

  • muzzle flash has long been of concern to propellant formulators and systems engineers.
  • The, important, undesirable aspects of muzzle flash such as signature, temporary loss of night vision by gun crews, significantly increased muzzle blast and reduced gun performance are well known.
  • More recently muzzle flash has been implicated in loss of aircraft due to compressor stall and flame-out .
  • gun muzzle flash usually consists of three components: a weak "primary” flash due to visible emission from hot product gas molecules; a strong but brief “intermediate” flash cause by recompression of the product gases on passing through the shock front; a strong and long-lived
  • Secondary flash corresponding to rapid combustion of fuel-rich muzzle gases in the atmosphere. Secondary flash is the most important and it is the suppression of this phenomenon that is one of the objects of this invention.
  • alkali metal salt flash suppressants A problem with alkali metal salt flash suppressants is that they usually reduce the impetus of the propellant, cause smoke and, when used in aircraft cannon, are the prime cause of aircraft skin erosion and fouling.
  • the alkali metal salts can also foul, corrode or otherwise degrade the performance of aircraft engines.
  • the object of this invention is to provide a method of and means of flash suppression which can be readily applied and will not give rise to significant skin erosion or fouling, will not materially reduce propulsion and which produces minimal smoke.
  • the flash suppressants were added to the charge in several ways. All suppressant salts were analytical reagent grade and powdered in a mortar and pestle then dried before being used. Suppressant salt discs were 6mm in diameter and contained either 100 or 200 milligram of material. The discs were pressed in a Manesty Pelleting Press under sufficient pressure to form hard pellets. They were stored in a dessicator until ready for loading. They were placed on top of the propellant charge prior to crimping. Suppressant salt grains were formed by mixing 1:1 w/w salt and hydroxyethyl cellulose (Hoechst TYLOSE H4000) with sufficient water to form a thick gelatinous paste.
  • Hoechst TYLOSE H4000 hydroxyethyl cellulose
  • the paste was then extruded through a glass hyperdermic syringe with the needle removed.
  • the resulting strands were dried and cut to length with a mechanical propellant cutter.
  • the dried, finished grains had nominal diameters of 1.0mm and a length of 1.5mm, comparable dimensions to those of propellant grains.
  • These flash suppressant salt grains were loaded on top of the propellant charge. It was not possible to process ammonium sulphate or potassium carbonate by this method as these salts appeared to be incompatible with the hydroxyethyl cellulose.
  • the suppressant salts were also used in powder form similar to the way salts were incorporated in the experiments of Bracuti et al referred to earlier herein. In this case the appropriate weight of each salt was wrapped in a small piece of polymer film and loaded on top of the propellant charge.
  • the experiments were carried out in four sessions, the results of which are summarized in Tables 1 - 4 which form part of this specification.
  • the first session was primarily to assess the secondary flash produced by the unsuppressed single-base propellant.
  • Three propellant batches were produced, one deterrent coated in the same way as standard AR 2206 and two others processed as uncoated base grains.
  • the base grain batches were of differing web sizes produced by dies having diameters of 0.050" and 0.055".
  • Table 1 shows the coated propellant and the smaller web base grain flashed consistently at all charge weights. The larger web base grain did not flash because it was found that the propellant grains did not burn completely.
  • the coated propellant was used in the remaining two experiments as the "base-line" propellant for which flash was to be suppressed.
  • the final experiment investigated the efficacy of ammonium chloride and ammonium nitrate salts when mixed into the propellant at processing stage in the proportion of 6% weight for weight (W/W). As table 4 indicates, both compounds were very effective at eliminating muzzle flash.
  • the ammonium nitrate was found to be superior to ammonium chloride in propellant compatibility and ballistic performance. No attempt was made to incorporate ammonium carbonate or bicarbonate salts into this particular propellant due to extreme incompatibility.
  • ammonium salts in a proportion not exceeding 12% W/W, excepting the carbonate and bicarbonate salts, either incorporated directly into a granular gun propellant used for any gun, or in the form of inert grains containing the salts which are added to the propellant charge, the percentage limitation ensuring that the ammonium salt does not materially effect the propellant charge but acts simply as a flash suppressant.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)

Abstract

Un propulseur pour armes à feu comprend un suppresseur de la lueur se caractérise par le fait qu'un sel d'ammonium est incorporé à la charge propulsive granulée dans une proportion ne dépassant pas 12 % de sel d'ammonium poids en poids.
PCT/AU1985/000207 1984-09-11 1985-08-30 Suppresseurs de la lueur d'armes a feu WO1986001796A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AUPG706084 1984-09-11
AUPG7060 1984-09-11

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1986001796A1 true WO1986001796A1 (fr) 1986-03-27

Family

ID=3770754

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/AU1985/000207 WO1986001796A1 (fr) 1984-09-11 1985-08-30 Suppresseurs de la lueur d'armes a feu

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0195027A4 (fr)
WO (1) WO1986001796A1 (fr)

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3161551A (en) * 1961-04-07 1964-12-15 Commercial Solvents Corp Ammonium nitrate-containing emulsion sensitizers for blasting agents
US3985594A (en) * 1974-07-09 1976-10-12 Ab Bofors Method of reducing the muzzle flash when firing firearms loaded with powder, and powder flash-reducing agent intended for this purpose
US4078955A (en) * 1974-07-09 1978-03-14 Ab Bofors Flash-reducing agent for powder
JPS5432608A (en) * 1977-08-18 1979-03-10 Asahi Chemical Ind High safety water containing explosives
US4196026A (en) * 1975-09-04 1980-04-01 Walker Franklin E Donor free radical explosive composition
US4402775A (en) * 1982-06-24 1983-09-06 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Hybrid gun propellant
GB2121399A (en) * 1982-05-07 1983-12-21 Nippon Oils & Fats Co Ltd Propellant compositions

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR353299A (fr) * 1905-03-15 1905-09-07 Paul De Golovine Nouvel explosif
GB191121147A (en) * 1911-05-26 1912-05-23 Conrad Claessen Method of Manufacturing Smokeless Nitrocellulose-nitroglycerine Powders.
FR828773A (fr) * 1937-11-08 1938-05-30 Westfalisch Anhaltische Spreng Charge explosive

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3161551A (en) * 1961-04-07 1964-12-15 Commercial Solvents Corp Ammonium nitrate-containing emulsion sensitizers for blasting agents
US3985594A (en) * 1974-07-09 1976-10-12 Ab Bofors Method of reducing the muzzle flash when firing firearms loaded with powder, and powder flash-reducing agent intended for this purpose
US4078955A (en) * 1974-07-09 1978-03-14 Ab Bofors Flash-reducing agent for powder
US4196026A (en) * 1975-09-04 1980-04-01 Walker Franklin E Donor free radical explosive composition
JPS5432608A (en) * 1977-08-18 1979-03-10 Asahi Chemical Ind High safety water containing explosives
GB2121399A (en) * 1982-05-07 1983-12-21 Nippon Oils & Fats Co Ltd Propellant compositions
US4402775A (en) * 1982-06-24 1983-09-06 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Hybrid gun propellant

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See also references of EP0195027A4 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0195027A4 (fr) 1987-02-03
EP0195027A1 (fr) 1986-09-24

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