Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
  • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
  • F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
  • F23G7/06—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases
  • F23G7/061—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases with supplementary heating
  • F23G7/065—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases with supplementary heating using gaseous or liquid fuel
  • F23G7/066—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases with supplementary heating using gaseous or liquid fuel preheating the waste gas by the heat of the combustion, e.g. recuperation type incinerator
  • F23G7/068—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases with supplementary heating using gaseous or liquid fuel preheating the waste gas by the heat of the combustion, e.g. recuperation type incinerator using regenerative heat recovery means

Definitions

• the rate of a combustion reaction is very sensitive to temperature and the rate increases strongly with increasing temperature. In a combustion process it is necessary that the temperature of the flame or combustion zone is high enough to make the reaction proceed with rea ⁇ sonable speed.
• the method has some drawbacks, for instance: a) Catalysts are expensive. . b) Catalysts are easily destroyed by certain impurities in the gas even if their concentration is low (catalyst poisons) . c) Catalysts usually are sensitive to tempe ⁇ rature and destroyed at too high temperatures. Consequently, gas mixtures with too high concentrations of burnables cannot be treated and the whole process is sensitive to variations of concentration of burnables.
• the present invention relates to a process for the establishment of combustion and/or decomposition of pollutants in the form of gas or particles carried by air or other gas.
• the main object of this invention is to bring about a process of the above mentioned kind which makes possible an effective and reliable combustion and/or decom- position of pollutants for instance obtained in industry such as air evacuated from paint spraying booths or nitrogen oxides and thereby prevent harmful gases and particles from entering the environment.
• a second object of the invention is to present an apparatus by means of which the above mentioned process can be practised. Said second object is accomplished by an apparatus according to the present invention characterized by said apparatus incorporating a bed filled with sand, stone or the like having the ability to store heat and exchange heat and having means for heating of the inner portion of said bed to self decomposition temperature and/ or self combustion temperature for instance by means of an electric heater in the bed or by means of gaseous fuel.
• a "combustor" 1 which preferably is suited to be used effectively according to the invention comprises a bed of sand, stone or other material which has the ability to store and exchange heat and to combust and/or decompose gaseous or particulate pollutants carried by air or other gas in the bed.
• air evacuated from paint spray ⁇ ing booths or other gases which contain burnable gases etc. and/or for instance nitrogen oxides or other gases possible to decompose can be combusted and/or decomposed in said bed 1. This is only due to the high temperature, i.e. without the bed participating in the reaction otherwise than as a means to establish the high temperature.
• a conduit 2 communicating with the two ends 1A and IB respectively of the combustor 1 also communicates with a device 3 for periodic changing of the direction of flow .which can be manually and/or automatically operated.
• the intention is to preferably let the pollutants in question be fed into it by means of conduit 2 in order to drive the apparatus 1, but mainly to ascertain a complete combustion of said pollutants which may be harmful or odorous like paint gases.
• the feeding of pollutants to the device 3 for changing of flow direction is done through a duct 4 from the inlet 5.
• Said duct 2 also works as outlet for air and/or gas from the combustor 1 to an exhaust duct 11 which leads from the flow direction changer 3 to an exhaust 12.
• the counter current regenerative heat ex ⁇ change occurring in the bed makes it possible to use the heat contents of the treated gas which leaves through the bed 1* of the combustor 1 to heat the gas and/or air or of other gas carried particulate pollutants which are being fed inwards through said bed 1* .
• this is done so that maximum temperature and combustion and/or decompo- sition occurs in the central parts of the bed 1'.
• This is accomplished by changing of the direction of gas flow through the combustor 1 and its bed l 1 at suitable time intervals by means of the gas flow direction changer 3.
• the combustion and/or decomposition of the pollutants can often proceed by influence from the heat of the bed 1* without having any extra energy supplied by the heating means. This is the case when heat produced by the reaction in the bed is enough to compensate for unavoidable heat losses from for instance incomplete heat exchange in the bed. In cases when the pollutants are rich in energy, produced excess heat could be utilized by extraction at desired temperature level by means of cooling tubes installed at suitable positions in the bed.
• a storing device M which makes possible a safe reception of pollutants which are fed from the inlet 5 to the changing device 3 during the time said changing de ⁇ vice 3 is being switched over for the reversal of the flow direction in the conduit 2 to the combustor 1 is connected to the outlet duct 11 after the direction changer 3, as seen in the direction of the flow. This is done to prevent pollu ⁇ tants to escape in connection with the above described inter ⁇ change of point of feed and point of outlet of gas/air.
• said storing device M comprises a comparatively long duct 13 which makes it possible to temporarily store air/gas of said kind.
• a circuit 14 which comprises an ent ⁇ rance duct 15 which is connected to•the exhaust duct 11 before an incorporated valve 16 or the like and an outlet 17 which is connected to the inlet duct 4 is connected to said long duct 13 or the like in store M incorporated recep- tion reservoir.
• One way valves 18 and 19 which make it possible to convey air and/or gas in the direction of the arrows 20 and 21 on the drawing to and from the store M, but are designed to automatically shut off flow in the opposite direction, are incorporated in the inlet and outlet ducts 15 and 17, respectively.
• a valve 22 is incorporated in a duct 23 leading for instance outside from the store M and a fan 24 or some other type of blowing machinery is connected to the store M.
• This fan can preferably be run continuously while the device is operating. Changing of flow is made possible according to the following: Positions of the valve 6 at the switching device 3 according to the continuous line in the drawing will convey the pollutants in the direction 7 in the conduit 2 into the combustor 1 and convey treated gas to the outlet 12 from the combustor 1 in the direction 25. Reversal of the valve 6 according to the dashed line on the drawing will convey the pollu ⁇ tants from the entrance 5 to the combustor 1 in the direct ⁇ ion 8 and thus treated gas by means of the circuit 9 to the exhaust 12 in the direction 26. When opening valve 22 the one way valve 19 is automatically shut so that possible gas flowing towards exhaust 12 is instead conveyed into the store M when valve 16 has been shut off and the one way valve 18 opened.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Incineration Of Waste (AREA)

Priority Applications (3)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=20356317

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (7)

Cited By (6)

Families Citing this family (70)

Citations (3)

Family Cites Families (7)

• 1984
  • 1984-06-21 SE SE8403330A patent/SE441623B/sv unknown
• 1985
  • 1985-06-19 EP EP85903427A patent/EP0218590B1/en not_active Expired
  • 1985-06-19 DE DE8585903427T patent/DE3568483D1/de not_active Expired
  • 1985-06-19 DE DE19853590307 patent/DE3590307T1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 1985-06-19 JP JP60502928A patent/JPH0733905B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1985-06-19 US US06/848,397 patent/US4741690A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1985-06-19 WO PCT/SE1985/000257 patent/WO1986000389A1/en active IP Right Grant
  • 1985-06-20 CA CA000484668A patent/CA1249213A/en not_active Expired

Patent Citations (3)

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