WO1985003458A1 - Procede et appareil de melange induit par un gaz - Google Patents

Procede et appareil de melange induit par un gaz Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1985003458A1
WO1985003458A1 PCT/US1985/000181 US8500181W WO8503458A1 WO 1985003458 A1 WO1985003458 A1 WO 1985003458A1 US 8500181 W US8500181 W US 8500181W WO 8503458 A1 WO8503458 A1 WO 8503458A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
air
blending
container
air inlet
mixing
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1985/000181
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Richard E. Parks
Original Assignee
Parks Richard E
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Parks Richard E filed Critical Parks Richard E
Priority to JP60501026A priority Critical patent/JPH0649143B2/ja
Priority to AT85901187T priority patent/ATE43253T1/de
Priority to DE8585901187T priority patent/DE3570370D1/de
Publication of WO1985003458A1 publication Critical patent/WO1985003458A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F33/00—Other mixers; Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
    • B01F33/40—Mixers using gas or liquid agitation, e.g. with air supply tubes
    • B01F33/406—Mixers using gas or liquid agitation, e.g. with air supply tubes in receptacles with gas supply only at the bottom

Definitions

  • the invention relates generally to the area of mixing and blending and more particularly to the use of compressed air as an agitating, stirring or mixing medium.
  • Italian Patent No. 545,047 to Klinger is likewise not pertinent since it is concerned only with blending and mixing dry particulates such as cement and lime. Neither in structure nor in operating principal is it pertinent to the invention of this application.
  • the blending and mixing method and apparatus of this invention is used for open or vented tanks.
  • the relationship of tank diameter and height will determine whether one or more gas/air injection openings are required.
  • a single injection inlet will be located at the center of the tank. Additional inlets will be dis- posed in one or more circular patterns concentric with the circumference of the tank.
  • the inlets will inject the air in pulses directly into the liquid depending upon the nature of the liquid to form a bubble. In viscous liquids the bubble in the shape of a spherical segment will be formed as it rises. Injection is such that essentially a single bubble is formed.
  • Alterna ⁇ tively over each injection opening is an accumulator plate which effectuates the formation of essentially a single bubble directly over the plate before it rises to the top of the medium being blended.
  • a controller injects the air into the tank from a compressed air supply with a predetermined variable frequency and quantity of air.
  • the pulsed air injections set up gen- erally circular toroidal flow patterns in a vertical plane.
  • air actuated circuitry may be used rather than electrical controller circuitry.
  • the system reduces overall blending and mixing time and also re ⁇ cutes the amount of entrained air or gases when the instant system is used in place of the old spider sys ⁇ tem. Because it injects a large volume of air or gas in a short period of time into the tank, there is an in ⁇ creased efficiency. The fact that the system forms a large single bubble and thus reduces the amount of compressed air necessary in order to effectively mix and blend, the energy consumption is therefor also re- cuted. Since the blending time is reduced due to the increased efficiency, the production capability of an existing mixing or blending tank is substantially in ⁇ creased.
  • the invention is low in cost, simple and con ⁇ venient to install.
  • the system has a wide range of con- trol over the size and frequency of the bubbles.
  • the controller is air actuated al ⁇ though electronic circuitry may be used if desired.
  • the system may be used to inject gases as well as air into a particular blending operation.
  • the system is effec ⁇ tive in tall, narrow diameter tanks as well as in tanks having a large diameter to height ratio and size of the tanks may vary from a little as a few gallons to many thousands of gallons.
  • the system is equally effi ⁇ cient in cone bottom tanks as well as in flat bottom tanks.
  • the system can be used in liquids which are highly corrosive since stainless steel or other mate ⁇ rial such as plastic may be employed in the tank and piping.
  • the invention by incorporation of an air-actu ⁇ ated control system may be used safely in highly vola ⁇ tile and hazardous environments and operating condit ⁇ ions.
  • the invention can be used in a . number of industrial and commercial applications such as chemical blending, food or beverage processing, sewage treat ⁇ ment, oil well drilling mud, tank trucks and railroad tank cars, tank cleaning, oil storage and blending and others.
  • the invention reduces air entrainment, signifi ⁇ cantly.
  • the invention creates circular toroidal flow or current patterns in generally vertical planes within the tank which can be particularly important when prod ⁇ ucts of different viscosities and specific gravities are being mixed.
  • This system will inject almost any medium which can pass through a valve, including inert gases, liquids, and fine uniform solids. Once the cor ⁇ rect timing of the injection is established, the con ⁇ troller will accurately maintain sequential operation for mixing, agitating and blending.
  • Figure 1 is a diagrammatic view of an instal ⁇ lation utilizing a single injection opening under an accumulator plate and further showing details of an in- stallation;
  • Figure 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of the bottom of a cone-type tank showing diagrammatically the position of an accumulator plate over the air inlet opening and formation of a bubble;
  • Figure 2A shows an air injection opening without an accumulator plate;
  • Figure 3 is a cut-away view in perspective showing the circulatory pattern induced by installation of the system in the tank of Figure 1;
  • Figure 4 is a diagrammatic view of the system as it would be used in a flat bottom tank;
  • Figure 5 is a plan- diagrammatic view of the tank of Figure 4 showing additional details of the installation of the system in a flat bottom tank;
  • Figure 6 shows in 'perspective additional details of the tank of Figures 4 and 5;
  • Figure 7 is a partial cross-section view showing that air may be introduced from a pipe coming in over the top of the plate but opening onto the bot- torn surface of the accumulator plate;
  • Figure 8 shows a perspective view of an accu ⁇ mulator plate as it would be spaced from the bottom of a tank;
  • Figure 9 shows that one or more rings of inlets and accumulator plates may be necessary in a large tank in which diameter was great in comparison to height
  • Figure 10 is a plan view of the tank in Fig ⁇ ure 9 indicating the circulatory pattern of the ateri- als within the tank. Best Mode For Carrying Out The Invention
  • the invention comprises injecting a predeter ⁇ mined quantity of compressed air or gas into a liquid medium at a specified but variable frequency in order to generate substantially a single bubble which may be roughly described as a hemispherical or a spherical segment shape.
  • the pressured air or gas injected is introduced into the tank in a fraction of a second though injection time and air pressure will depend upon liquid characteristics such as viscosity.
  • the size of the bubble or quantity of air is an emperical determi ⁇ nation. For instance in blending oil stocks the bubble should not be so large that when it breaks the surfaces it splatters or splashes oil out of the tank.
  • the volume of the spheri ⁇ cal segment bubbles begins at about 1 cubic inch as a minimum to much larger which can in a large tank con ⁇ taining viscous materials range up to several cubic feet in volume.
  • the spherical seg ⁇ ment shape displaces a considerably greater circular area in the liquid than would a round or spherical bubble of the same volume. Again, it has been deter- mined that the bubbles are in volume about 1 cubic inch and more.
  • the cross-sectional area across the largest part of the spherical segment bubble is on the order of 4 to 6 times the cross-sectional area of a round bubble of the same volume.
  • the bubble is formed from about 1/4 to 1/2 the depth of the liquid head measuring from the bottom of the tank to the liq ⁇ uid surface. In low viscosity liquids, however, such as water, a single bubble may not be formed unless the accumulator plate is provided.
  • Frequency of the bubbles is generally determined by the interval of time re ⁇ quired for a bubble to rise to the surface before the next pulse or shot of air is injected. For pulses in the forms of tanks in Figure 4 through 10 the ⁇ ontrol- ler will allow air to be sequentially injected into the rings of injectors.
  • the cone or V-bottom tank 10 has cylindrical wall 12, top or cover 14, and a vent opening 16. At its bottom, the tank has the inwardly and downwardly angling or cone bottom 18 with outlet 20. Support legs 22 are provided for maintaining the tank in its upright position. An air inlet line 24 is provided for admitting air to the bottom of the tank.
  • Figure 2A shows diagrammatically a predetermined quantity air injection 45 and its for a- tion into spherical segment bubble 47. Bubble 47 will be formed from about 1/4 to 1/2 the distance from the bottom of the tank to the surface of the liquid in viscous liquids.
  • control components include check valve 26, air inlet valve 28, pressure regulator 30, filter 32 and incoming supply line 34 for the compressed air.
  • air will be taken off the compressed air supply and directed to the control ⁇ ler as indicated by line 36 to controller 38 which in turn via line 40 controls the air inlet valve 28.
  • the controller may be electrically or electronically oper ⁇ ated, if desired.
  • an accumulator plate 42 Spaced slightly above the opening 25 of the inlet line 24 is an accumulator plate 42 which may be a quarter to one-half inch above opening 25 and which is of a predetermined diameter in relation to the diameter of the tank itself.
  • the accumulator plate 42 need not have any specific thickness but is most desirably round and from about 1/10 to 1/20 the diameter of the tank.
  • the preferred accumulator plate diameter is approxi- mately 1/16 the diameter of the tank.
  • a six foot diameter mixing tank will incorporate an accumulator plate or plates of slightly over seven inches diameter. While- supports are not shown, it will be appreciated that means for supporting plate 42 in place will be spaced about every 90 degrees so that it is horizontal and firmly secured in position.
  • toroidal flow patterns in a generally vertical plane within the tank are gener ⁇ ated.
  • This circulation pattern is particularly signifi- cance since heavier liquids and/or particles are drawn towards the inlet opening 25 and then lifted towards the top of the tank.
  • This action is the primary result of the periodic pulsing resulting from the controller acting on the compressed air supply.
  • a harmonic frequency may be created by the periodic in ⁇ jection frequency of the air into the tank.
  • the tor ⁇ oidal circulatory flow pattern in a generally vertical plane just described is the result of the operation of the control system and location of the inlets.
  • the circulatory pattern is a significance assistance to the blending because of the horizontal bottom currents and the circulatory motion.
  • FIGS 4-6 show the arrangement of multiple air inlet openings in a flat bottom tank in which the diameter of the tank is approximately equal to its height. In embodiment 60 tank 62 has flat bottom 64.
  • inlets 66 are provided at approxi- mately 60 degree intervals from each other on a circu ⁇ lar concentric line which is approximately half the radius of tank 60.
  • one inlet line 68 goes to the center inlet 70 while a sec ⁇ ond inlet line 72 extends to the connector line 74 for each of the inlets 66.
  • the accumulator plates 76 are set slightly above the bottom 64 by spacers 78 and that the inlets 66 and 70 open into the underside of the plate through an opening 75 in the plate. The air then flows outwardly from beneath towards the edge so that the bubble can be formed as described above. Air may be injected from below the plates or from above as shown in Figure 6 to 8.
  • the spacers or supporting means 78 be located so as not to extend outwardly beyond the edge of the plate and that they be thin so as not to inter ⁇ fere or disrupt the air movement.
  • the size of the accumulator plates 76 is roughly 1/10 to 1/20 the diameter of the tank itself, again with 1/16 being the preferred ratio.
  • the drawings by use of dotted lines show bubbles rising in an ex- panding form to generate the circulation patterns, shown by the arrows in Figures 4 and 5.
  • the pattern as mentioned above is to set up a current which moves upwardly with the bubbles, flows radially outwardly at the top and downwardly on the inside of the wall, and then moves inwardly across the bottom wall 64.
  • the controller will pulse a predetermined amount of com- pressed air alternately to the center inlet 70 and then the multiple inlets 66 on connector line 74. Again, the inlets and plates are shown to be on a tank half radius line at 60 degree spacings.
  • FIGS 9 and 10 show a tank with a diameter which is quite large in relation to its height. Shown is tank 80 with side wall 82 and bottom 84 having air inlets under accumulator plates 90 though it will be recognized that the accumulator plates are not manda ⁇ tory if the nature of the tank contents is such that the bubbles are formed as described.
  • the circulation pattern in the liquid being mixed or blended is illus- trated roughly by the arrows.
  • the toroidal circulation pattern or flow is created by the sequential cycling of the three air or gas injection valves 92, 93 and 94.
  • the center injection inlet is actuated by valve 92 followed sequentially by air to the outlets on conn ⁇ ector line 103 through valve 93 and finally to the out- lets on connector line 102 via valve 94. Sequencing is timed so that when the bubble from the center reaches the surface air is then injected to line 103. when bubbles from line 103 reach the liquid surface valve 94 is actuated to release air to line 102 and the outer circle of inlets.
  • twelve air injectors are shown in Figure 10 equi-spaced on a cir ⁇ cle which is concentric to line 103 and the tank wall. When the bubbles from the outer ring of injectors have reached the surface the cycle begins anew at the cen- ter. In this way, the air pulses complement each other and result in a thorough mixing and _ blending action because of the circular toroidal generally vertical flow patterns -in the liquid.
  • inlet pipe size should be adequate to allow a large volume of air to be injected in a short period of time, most desirably in a fraction of a second.
  • Primary factors in establishing bubble size are head or liquid height, compressed air pressure and time, with time clearly depending upon piping, valving size and air pressure.
  • the spherical segment shape or configuration of the bubbles is pro ⁇ symbolized by injecting the desired quantity of air per bubble in a short period of time, preferably in a frac ⁇ tion of a second.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Mixers With Rotating Receptacles And Mixers With Vibration Mechanisms (AREA)
  • Accessories For Mixers (AREA)

Abstract

Dans un système de mélange des bulles d'air ou du gaz pulsé (45, 46, 47) de dimensions et de fréquences variables prédéterminées sont injectés dans un réservoir (10, 60, 80) contenant des matériaux à agiter ou remuer pour les mélanger et les malaxer. L'air est introduit au fond du réservoir au travers d'une ouverture d'admission d'air (24, 25). Il peut y avoir plus d'une admission d'air et les admissions peuvent être pourvues de plaques d'accumulation (42) en fonction du diamètre et de la hauteur du réservoir dans lequel ont lieu le mélange et le malaxage. Les admissions sont placées de manière à créer un écoulement toroïdal circulaire (48, 50, 52, 54) de fluide dans un plan généralement vertical. Le but de la plaque d'accumulation est d'assister la formation d'une seule bulle (46) à partir de la charge d'air comprimé sur l'admission d'air et d'augmenter le temps nécessaire à la bulle pour monter au travers du liquide en la formant plus rapidement et plus près du fond du réservoir. En conséquence, la plaque d'accumulation (42) est utilisée dans des liquides de faible viscosité telle l'eau.
PCT/US1985/000181 1984-02-06 1985-02-06 Procede et appareil de melange induit par un gaz WO1985003458A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP60501026A JPH0649143B2 (ja) 1984-02-06 1985-02-06 容器内で気泡により液体を混合及びブレンドする方法及び装置
AT85901187T ATE43253T1 (de) 1984-02-06 1985-02-06 Verfahren und vorrichtung zum durch gas bewirktes mischen und mengen.
DE8585901187T DE3570370D1 (en) 1984-02-06 1985-02-06 Method and apparatus for gas induced mixing and blending

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US57727684A 1984-02-06 1984-02-06
US577,276 1995-12-22

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1985003458A1 true WO1985003458A1 (fr) 1985-08-15

Family

ID=24308016

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US1985/000181 WO1985003458A1 (fr) 1984-02-06 1985-02-06 Procede et appareil de melange induit par un gaz

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0171431B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH0649143B2 (fr)
AU (1) AU3996485A (fr)
CA (1) CA1253853A (fr)
DE (1) DE3570370D1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1985003458A1 (fr)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5077016A (en) * 1988-09-16 1991-12-31 Michigan Consolidated Gas Company Apparatus for producing gas-air concentrations
EP0880995A2 (fr) * 1997-05-28 1998-12-02 Kyowa Hakko Kogyo Co., Ltd. Méthode de fabrication et système pour la granulation de matière en poudre
WO2000071235A1 (fr) * 1999-05-20 2000-11-30 Stem Drive Limited Systeme melangeur pour liquides
WO2005049785A1 (fr) * 2003-11-18 2005-06-02 Nestec S.A. Systeme de culture cellulaire
WO2011114113A1 (fr) * 2010-03-19 2011-09-22 The Technology Partnership Plc Appareil destiné à la culture cellulaire
CN105903396A (zh) * 2016-05-19 2016-08-31 王丽莉 一种聚能气体搅拌方法及装置

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3179379A (en) * 1963-01-09 1965-04-20 Grun Gustav Apparatus for treatment of powdered and granular material
US3592450A (en) * 1969-12-03 1971-07-13 George Maxwell Rippon Fluid circulator
GB1400723A (en) * 1971-12-30 1975-07-23 Jones & Attwood Ltd Means for circulating liquids or mixtures of liquids and solids in a container
US4136970A (en) * 1977-12-15 1979-01-30 Coulter Electronics, Inc. Method and apparatus for regulating the size and frequency of bubbles employed for mixing liquids
US4168913A (en) * 1977-03-22 1979-09-25 Kabushiki Kaisha Ako Sutherland Company Process for mixing particulate material
US4293506A (en) * 1979-01-15 1981-10-06 Atara Corporation Liquid circulating device
EP0043717A2 (fr) * 1980-07-04 1982-01-13 Malcolm Frederick Parkins Dispositif à remuer d'un fluide réagissant à la flottabilité

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3179379A (en) * 1963-01-09 1965-04-20 Grun Gustav Apparatus for treatment of powdered and granular material
US3592450A (en) * 1969-12-03 1971-07-13 George Maxwell Rippon Fluid circulator
GB1400723A (en) * 1971-12-30 1975-07-23 Jones & Attwood Ltd Means for circulating liquids or mixtures of liquids and solids in a container
US4168913A (en) * 1977-03-22 1979-09-25 Kabushiki Kaisha Ako Sutherland Company Process for mixing particulate material
US4136970A (en) * 1977-12-15 1979-01-30 Coulter Electronics, Inc. Method and apparatus for regulating the size and frequency of bubbles employed for mixing liquids
US4293506A (en) * 1979-01-15 1981-10-06 Atara Corporation Liquid circulating device
EP0043717A2 (fr) * 1980-07-04 1982-01-13 Malcolm Frederick Parkins Dispositif à remuer d'un fluide réagissant à la flottabilité

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
Transactions of A.S.M.E. Journal of Applied Mechanics, Vol. 96, No. 1, March 1974; MERCIER et al.: "Influence of Enveloping Water Layer on the Rise of air Bubbles in Newtonian Fluids", pages 29-34 *

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5077016A (en) * 1988-09-16 1991-12-31 Michigan Consolidated Gas Company Apparatus for producing gas-air concentrations
EP0880995A2 (fr) * 1997-05-28 1998-12-02 Kyowa Hakko Kogyo Co., Ltd. Méthode de fabrication et système pour la granulation de matière en poudre
EP0880995A3 (fr) * 1997-05-28 2000-05-17 Kyowa Hakko Kogyo Co., Ltd. Méthode de fabrication et système pour la granulation de matière en poudre
US6464737B1 (en) 1997-05-28 2002-10-15 Kyowa Hakko Kogyo Co., Ltd. Production method and system for granulating powdered material
WO2000071235A1 (fr) * 1999-05-20 2000-11-30 Stem Drive Limited Systeme melangeur pour liquides
WO2005049785A1 (fr) * 2003-11-18 2005-06-02 Nestec S.A. Systeme de culture cellulaire
EA008157B1 (ru) * 2003-11-18 2007-04-27 Нестек С.А. Система культивирования клеток
US7897390B2 (en) * 2003-11-18 2011-03-01 Nestec S.A. Cell culture system
AU2010238548B2 (en) * 2003-11-18 2011-09-22 Nestec S.A. Cell culture system
WO2011114113A1 (fr) * 2010-03-19 2011-09-22 The Technology Partnership Plc Appareil destiné à la culture cellulaire
CN105903396A (zh) * 2016-05-19 2016-08-31 王丽莉 一种聚能气体搅拌方法及装置
CN105903396B (zh) * 2016-05-19 2018-12-07 王丽莉 一种聚能气体搅拌方法及装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3570370D1 (en) 1989-06-29
CA1253853A (fr) 1989-05-09
JPH0649143B2 (ja) 1994-06-29
EP0171431B1 (fr) 1989-05-24
EP0171431A1 (fr) 1986-02-19
JPS61501081A (ja) 1986-05-29
AU3996485A (en) 1985-08-27

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