WO1984001862A1 - Moteur a aimant permanent avec rotor a disques multiples - Google Patents

Moteur a aimant permanent avec rotor a disques multiples Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1984001862A1
WO1984001862A1 PCT/US1982/001554 US8201554W WO8401862A1 WO 1984001862 A1 WO1984001862 A1 WO 1984001862A1 US 8201554 W US8201554 W US 8201554W WO 8401862 A1 WO8401862 A1 WO 8401862A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rotor
magnets
coil means
coil
rotors
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1982/001554
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Robert A Palmer Jr
Robert A Palmer
Denis L Palmer
Original Assignee
Robert A Palmer Jr
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert A Palmer Jr filed Critical Robert A Palmer Jr
Priority to PCT/US1982/001554 priority Critical patent/WO1984001862A1/fr
Priority to EP19820903628 priority patent/EP0124518A1/fr
Priority to JP50004882A priority patent/JPS59502091A/ja
Publication of WO1984001862A1 publication Critical patent/WO1984001862A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K25/00—DC interrupter motors or generators

Definitions

  • This invention pertains to direct current electric motors using permanent magnets to supply a large portion of the driving force.
  • the invention is an improvement in magnetic motors using electromagnets in conjunction with permanent magnets.
  • An important object of the invention is to continuously limit all magnetic air-gaps to as short a distance as prac ⁇ ticable, preferably less than one-tenth of an inch.
  • Another important object of the invention is to use both poles of each electromagnet to provide driving forces.
  • Other objects of the invention are to provide starting torque from any stopped location, to use both the repulsion and attraction forces of the magnets, to provide the flexibility of being susceptible to power increases by axially adding more rotors and stators, to provide for brushless operation and to pro ⁇ vide a majority of the driving force from permanent magnets.
  • the radii of the axes of the rotor magnets and stator coils from the centrally located drive shaft are identical.
  • starting torque is avail ⁇ able for any rotor position; air-gap can approach zero; both repulsion and attraction forces can be used; both poles of each active electromagnet are used; magnetic reluctance can be kept low by minimizing the magnetic material in the coil cores; and the available magnetic force of the permanent magnets is multiplied by shunting their force fields through the electromagnets.
  • Fig. 1 is an axial section through a simple embodiment of a motor according to the invention
  • Fig. 2 is Section A-A from Fig. 1 showing the stator
  • Fig. 3 is an axial section through a more complex embodiment of a motor according to the invention.
  • Fig. 4 is Section B-B from Fig. 3 showing the stator
  • Fig. 5 is Section C-C from Fig. 3 showing an end view of a rotor
  • Fig. 6 is a linear projection of a circumference through two rotors and a stator of the motor of Figs. 3-5;
  • Fig. 7 is the view of Fig. 6 after 15° of rotor rotation;
  • Fig. 8 is the view of Fig. 6 after 30" of rotor rotation
  • Fig. 9 is the view of Fig. 6 after 45° of rotor rotation.
  • Fig. 10 is a schematic of a distributor circuit for determining the cycling sequence.
  • Fig. 11 is a transverse section illustrating one embodiment of distributor means.
  • Fig. 12 is a transverse section illustrating a second embodiment of distributor.
  • Fig. 13 is a transverse section illustrating a third embodiment of distributor means.
  • Figs. 1 and 3 the invention embodies a magnetic motor 1 containing stator 2, rotors 3, a central shaft 4, a distributor means 5 and a housing 6. Said stators 2, rotors 3 and housing 6 are made of nonmagnetic material.
  • Each stator 2 has a plurality of solenoid coils 7 disposed with equal radial spacing around a circumference near the outside circumference of said stators 2.
  • the num ⁇ ber of said solenoid coils 7 in each stator 2 is always an integral multiple of four.
  • the cylindrical axis of each said solenoid coil 7 is parallel to the axis of the central shaft 4.
  • the solenoid coils 7 are wound on cores with low magnetic reluctance.
  • Each rotor 3 has a plurality of permanent magnets 8 disposed at equal radial spacing around the same circum ⁇ ference at which said solenoid coils 7 are disposed.
  • the number of permanent magnets 8 in each rotor 3 is always one and one-half times the number of solenoid coils 7 in each stator 2.
  • the magnetic poles of each permanent magnet 8 are axially aligned with said central shaft 4.
  • the relative locations of the stator coils 9 through 12 and the rotor magnets 13 through 18 are such that at least two-thirds of said rotor magnets 13 through 18 are always misaligned relative to at least half of said stator coils 9 through 12.
  • rotational magnetic forces can be imposed on the rotors 3.
  • the details of operation will be explained presently. However, it should be noted that with only four stator coils and six rotor magnets, the radial gap between said coils and said magnets will often be quite large.
  • Coils 20, 22, 24 and 26 are simultaneously misaligned relative to permanent magnets 28/29, 31/32, 34/35 and 37/38, and their primes, respectively.
  • the advantage of alternating the polarity of the permanent magnets around each rotor and aligning their polarity from rotor to rotor is now apparent.
  • coils 20 and 24 are given one polarity while coils 22 and 26 are given the opposite polarity, as shown.
  • the other coils are left unmagnetize .
  • each magnetic pole of each magnet ⁇ ized coil is now repelling one permanent rotor magnet and attracting a second rotor magnet.
  • coils 19, 21, 23 and 25 have become progressively more misaligned with magnets 38/27, 29/30, 32/33 and 35/36, respectively, and their primes.
  • coils 19 and 23 are magnetized in the opposite direction as magnets 27 and 33 and their primes
  • coils 21 and 25 are magnetized in the opposite direction as coils 19 and 23.
  • the rotors have rotated an additional 15° so that there are now rotor magnets in the same locations as other magnets were located in Fig. 6. However, the magnets now have polarities opposite those shown in Fig. 6.
  • coils 19, 21, 23 and 25 are again made magnetically neutral at this pont; but coils 20, 22, 24 and 26 have been given magnetic polarities opposite what they had in Fig. 6.
  • the magnetic charging of coils 20, 22, 24 and 26 takes place at the point of rotation where the repulsive forces created between their magnetic flux and that of the passing like-poled magnet acquires a significant helpful rotational component.
  • the rotor has rotated an additional 15° to a point where magnets of opposite polarity are now located where other magnets were in Fig. 7.
  • the distributor neutralizes the same coils as were neutral in Fig. 7, but now charges the other coils with magnetic polarity opposite that which they had in Fig. 7.
  • the timing of the magnetic charging is similar to that previously described, and the resultant rotational forces will also be similar.
  • magnets and coils used in the preferred embodiment are cylindrical, other shapes may be used.
  • coils and/or magnets with square or rectangular cross-sections may be used in a motor of this same inventive concept.
  • Distributor means 5 is provided to properly cycle the magnetizing current from a direct current source to the stator coils.
  • the cycling sequence for the number of poles in the embodiment of Figs. 6-9 can be seen by reference to the circuit shown in Fig. 10 wherein the poles of a battery or other direct current source are connected to a pair of switches 43, 43' repeatedly cycling together from contacts 44 to 47 and 44' to 47', respectively.
  • Magnetic coils 19, 21, 23 and 25 are in a first bank to be charged simultane ⁇ ously while the other coils 20, 22, 24 and 26 are in a sec ⁇ ond bank to be charged as a group alternately with the first bank.
  • Nonconductive rotor 42 is fixed on shaft 4 in a housing 48 and has a series of six equally spaced cam lobes on its periphery arranged to sequentially engage spring contacts 44-47 and close them against a stationary contact 43 leading to the positive pole of the direct current source.
  • a second cam rotor like rotor 42 is located directly behind it and oper ⁇ ates contacts 44'-47' simultaneously to connect them with the negative pole of the direct current source. It is im- portant to note from Fig.
  • FIG. 12 A second, more preferred distributor arrangement, involving brushes rather than spring contacts, is shown in Fig. 12.
  • the cam rotors are replaced by electrically conductive rings 142, 142 1 separated by an insulating ring 143 and each having an insulating core 150 coupled to the shaft 4.
  • Spring-loaded brush units 44-47, 15° apart from center to center, are mounted in a carrier 151 to move radially inward against the periphery of the ring 142.
  • This ring has circumferential cutouts filled with insulating sections 152 leaving conductive lobes there ⁇ between which extend circumferentially preferably slightly more than 15° so that at least one of the brushes will engage one of the conductive lobes.
  • insulating sections 152 leaving conductive lobes there ⁇ between which extend circumferentially preferably slightly more than 15° so that at least one of the brushes will engage one of the conductive lobes.
  • lobe 142a is coming into engagement with brush 44 before lobe 142b leaves brush 47.
  • the other conductive ring 142' is arranged in the same manner with respect to a second set of brushes corresponding to contacts 44 • -47' in Fig. 10. Power to the conductive rings 142, 142' may be by way of brushes 243, 243* engaging their outer faces.
  • a photoelectric distributor control can also be used and is preferred for many applications.
  • Fig. 13 illustrates such a control for the Fig. 1 embodiment.
  • a disc 242 is mounted on the shaft and has three equally spaced light passage holes 143.
  • Four photoelectric cells are arranged so that their light beams 144-147 are spaced apart 30° , center to center, in an arc centered at the axis of the shaft 4.
  • the holes 143 in the disc 242 have a dia ⁇ meter corresponding to a chord connecting two of the centers of adjoining of the light beams 144-147 and the beams have a width so that there will always be the passage through the disc 242 of at least one of the beams.
  • the amount of over- lap in which two of the light beams pass simultaneously through the disc can be varied by varying the size of the light passage holes or by varying the width of the light beams at the disc, as for example, by varying the distance of the light emitters of the photoelectric cells from the disc.
  • the photoelectric cells operate in a suitable circuit to close control switches 44-47 and 44'-47' sequentially as explained with respect to Fig. 10.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Permanent Magnet Type Synchronous Machine (AREA)
  • Reciprocating, Oscillating Or Vibrating Motors (AREA)

Abstract

Un moteur magnétique possède K stators (K = tout nombre entier) et de préférence K + 1 rotors, chaque stator (2) possédant 4 n bobines électromagnétiques (7) (n = tout nombre entier), et chaque rotor agissant de concert (3) possède p = (3/2)n aimants permanents (8) dont les pôles ont une polarité alternée. Les bobines sur chaque stator sont disposées en deux groupes, et un distributeur (5) envoie de manière cyclique le courant aux groupes de manière à produire une inversion de la polarité de chaque groupe à chaque mise sous tension successive.
PCT/US1982/001554 1982-11-05 1982-11-05 Moteur a aimant permanent avec rotor a disques multiples WO1984001862A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US1982/001554 WO1984001862A1 (fr) 1982-11-05 1982-11-05 Moteur a aimant permanent avec rotor a disques multiples
EP19820903628 EP0124518A1 (fr) 1982-11-05 1982-11-05 Moteur a aimant permanent avec rotor a disques multiples
JP50004882A JPS59502091A (ja) 1982-11-05 1982-11-05 パ−マネントマグネツトモ−タ

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US1982/001554 WO1984001862A1 (fr) 1982-11-05 1982-11-05 Moteur a aimant permanent avec rotor a disques multiples

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1984001862A1 true WO1984001862A1 (fr) 1984-05-10

Family

ID=22168330

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US1982/001554 WO1984001862A1 (fr) 1982-11-05 1982-11-05 Moteur a aimant permanent avec rotor a disques multiples

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0124518A1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS59502091A (fr)
WO (1) WO1984001862A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2475095A (en) * 2009-11-06 2011-05-11 Nexxtdrive Ltd Armature arrangement in permanent magnet electrical machines
TWI777810B (zh) * 2021-08-27 2022-09-11 克米龍有限公司 電磁感應輪毂

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP7107980B2 (ja) * 2020-02-03 2022-07-27 和明 小林 マグネットモータ

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1863294A (en) * 1928-04-14 1932-06-14 William A Weaver Electric motor
US3331973A (en) * 1964-12-07 1967-07-18 Kenneth D Mcclure Magnetic motor
US3832581A (en) * 1972-03-31 1974-08-27 G Jack Multi-armature and concentric motors

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1863294A (en) * 1928-04-14 1932-06-14 William A Weaver Electric motor
US3331973A (en) * 1964-12-07 1967-07-18 Kenneth D Mcclure Magnetic motor
US3832581A (en) * 1972-03-31 1974-08-27 G Jack Multi-armature and concentric motors

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2475095A (en) * 2009-11-06 2011-05-11 Nexxtdrive Ltd Armature arrangement in permanent magnet electrical machines
TWI777810B (zh) * 2021-08-27 2022-09-11 克米龍有限公司 電磁感應輪毂

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS59502091A (ja) 1984-12-13
EP0124518A1 (fr) 1984-11-14

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