WO1984001011A1

WO1984001011A1 - Seal for a rotary hydraulic valve

Info

Publication number: WO1984001011A1
Application number: PCT/US1983/001332
Authority: WO
Inventors: Lamburtus J Sonneborn
Original assignee: Applied Power Inc
Priority date: 1982-09-07
Filing date: 1983-08-31
Publication date: 1984-03-15
Also published as: AU559855B2; AU2035683A

Abstract

Seal (30) for a rotary hydraulic valve (14) having an inner surface (34) which is concave and spaced from the recess (28) in the rotary core (10) in which it is received. Two parallel troughs are formed in the inner surface (34) between the edges thereof and the central flow passageway (32). In use, fluid under pressure enters the trough and distorts the seal (30) both radially outwardly against the valve body (14) and circumferentially outwardly against the sides of the seal recess (28).

Description

SEAL FOR A ROTARY HYDRAULIC VALVE -

Field of the Invention

This invention relates to a seal for a rotary valve. In particular, it relates to such a seal in which the presure of the fluid being valved is used to stress the seal into engagement with the valve parts.

Background of the Invention

Seals of the type involved here are used in hydraulic valve devices comprising a housing having a valve body movable in a bore therein. A plurality of apertures opening into the bore are provided in the wall of the housing, said apertures being adapted to communicate with a conduit provided in the valve body and opening into the peripheral surface thereof, dependent on the position of the valve body. An annular sealing means is provided in the counter-bored conduit mouth, and the sealing means is in engagement with the bore wall.

Such a hydraulic valve device . is known from the German Gebrauchsmuster 7408649. The application of a sealing means in the transition(s) of the aperture (s) between the housing and the mouth(s) of the conduit in the valve body has the advantage that a relatively large clearance is acceptable between the bore wall and the valve body without this being at the cost of the leak tightness of the valve device, as is the case with other known constructions without such a sealing means. A larger clearance means larger manufacturing toler¬ ances and therefore cheaper manufacture, while the valve body may more easily be actuated with a larger clearance than with a narrow clearance of the valve body in the bore. In the known construction according to the above mentioned Gebrauchs uster, the sealing means is composed of two parts: an annulus of relatively hard material engaging the bore wall and an annulus of relatively elastic material which in pre- stressed condition is received in the counter-bore of the conduit mouth in the valve body and pushes the first mentioned annulus outwardly against the bore wall.

Summary of the Invention A seal for a rotary hydraulic valve according to the present invention has an inner surface which is concave and spaced from the recess in the rotary core in which it is received. Two parallel troughs are found in the inner surface between the edges thereof and the central flow passageway. In use, fluid under pressure enters the troughs and distorts the seal both radially outwardly against the valve body and circum- ferentially outwardly against the sides of the seal recess. _

Brief Description of the Drawings

Fig. 1 is a cross-section through a hydraulic valve device according to the invention.

Fig. 2 shows a section on enlarged scale of a detail of the valve device according to Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a cross-section through the sealing means in unstressed condition.

OMPI Fig. 4 is a plan view of the sealing means in the unstressed condition.

Detailed Description of the Presently Preferred Embodiment In the embodiment shown in the drawings, the substantially cylindrical valve body 10 is rotatably received in the bore 12 of the valve housing 14. The housing 14 in this example has three apertures 16, 18, and 20, the aperture 18 being adapted for communication with a source of hydraulic fluid. By means of the valve device, the hydraulic fluid supplied to the aperture 18 may be selectively passed through to either the aperture 16 or the aperture 20, the apertures 16 and 2^*0 being adapted to be connected to a working device, such as a hydraulic piston-cylinder device. For this purpose the valve body 10 has a conduit 22 comprising two intersecting radial bores 24 and 26 respectively, said conduit opening at the valve cylinder periphery at two positions which are mutually spaced at 90°. The conduit is counter-bored at both opening positions. In each of the cylindrical counter- bores 28, a sealing means 30 made of a polyamide such as Nylon-6 is received. *■

The sealing means 30 is provided with a central through-going passageway 32. One head wall of the sealing means 30 is adapted to the curvature of the wall of the bore 12 and the other head wall is annu- larly recessed such that at the periphery a lip 34 extending in the axial direction has been formed. In the unstressed condition, the peripheral lip 34 may be somewhat conical in shape so that, when mounting the sealing means 30 in the counter-bore 28, the lip 34 is moved somewhat inwardly so that the sealing means 30, as seen in the radial direction, engages the peripheral wall of the counter-bore 28 in a somewhat pre-stressed condition. The axial dimension of the sealing means 30 furthermore is such that the axial direction (or the radial direction relative to the valve cylinder 10) of the sealing means 30 is also enclosed in es ressed condition between the bottom of the counter-bore 28 and the wall of the bore 12.

As shown in the drawings, there is -a relatively large clearance between the bore 12 and the valve body 10. It may be seen in the drawings that the head surface of the sealing means 30 remote from the bore wall is for the greater part freely exposed so that the pressure prevailing in the conduit 22 may act thereon. Accordingly, a radially outwardly directed force, as seen relative to the valve body 10, is imparted to the sealing means 30, presing the sealings means 30 into engagement with the bore wall. Simultaneously the peripheral lip 34 is pressed into engagement with the peripheral wall of the counter-bore 28 by the pressure. It will be clear that, when the valve body 10 is rotated to the left through 90° from the position of Fig. 1, the apertures 16 and 18 are mutually connected. Simultaneously therewith, the clearance between the bore 12 and the valve body 10 is displaced such that the contact point between both moves from position x to position y.

As the material for the integral sealing means, a polyamide, e.g. such as the polyamide known under the name "Nylon-6", is suitable. Such a material has a certain compressibility so that the sealing means in combination with the flexible character of the head wall of the means at its end remote from the bore wall may be mounted in pres ressed condition. However, such

OMPI Y.Ii material on the ^' other hand has sufficient wear resistance along the bore wall.

Due to the particular structure or shaping of the sealing means 30, the sealing means 30 is pushed more strongly into engagement with the bore wall or the wall of the counter-bore of. the conduit mouth as .. the pressure in the aperture or the conduit increases. Under the influence of this pressure, the flexible lip 34 is pressed in the radial direction against the counter-bore wall while, at the same time, a force is imparted to the annular surface of the sealing means situated within the lip around the central passageway 32 of the sealing means 30 which forces the sealing means 30 against the bore wall. By forming the sealing means 30 as an integral piece, manufacture is, more¬ over, simpler and therefore cheaper than in the known construction.

Caveat

While the present invention has been illustrated by a detailed description of a preferred embodiment thereof, it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail can be made therein without departing from the true scope of the invention. In particular, it will be clear that the invention may likewise advantageously be applied to a valve device having a valve body being slidable instead of rotatable relative to the housing.

For the foregoing reason, the invention must be measured by the claims appended hereto and not by the preferred embodiment.

Claims

1. A hydraulic valve device comprising a housing having a valve body movable in a bore thereof, a plurality of apertures opening into the bore provided in the housing wall, said apertures being adapted to communicate with a conduit provided in the valve body, and an annular sealing means pressing against the bore wall provided in the counter-bored mouth of the conduit, said annular sealing means being an integral piece and having at its head wall remote from the bore wall a flexible lip extending in the axial direction along the periphery.

2. A valve device according to claim 1 wherein the peripheral lip has a thickness that gradually increases in the direction of the other head end.

3. A valve device according to claims 1 or 2 wherein the peripheral lip in the unstressed condition has a peripheral shape that conically widens towards its head end wall.

4. A valve device according to claims 1, 2, or 3 wherein the sealing means is formed from a polyamide.

5. A seal for a rotary valve, said seal being formed of a resilient material and having:

(a) a central passageway for the flow of the fluid to be valved;

(b) a first surface which is generally perpen¬ dicular to said central passageway and which is generally cylindrical in shape, said first surface being adapted to function as the wear surface when the seal is in use;

(c) second and third surfaces which are generally parallel to said central passageway and

OMPI fa WIPO diverge from said first surface by more than 90° in their unstressed condition; and (d) a fourth surface which . is generally perpendicular to said central passageway, said fourth surface having a trough therein on either side of said central passageway.

6. A seal as recited in claim 5 wherein said troughs are symmetrical with respect to said central passageway.

7. A seal as recited in claims 5 or 6 wherein the lines where said fourth surface meets with said second and third surfaces are farther from said first surface than is the aperture of said central passageway in said fourth surface, whereby said fourth surface is slightly concave.

8. A rotary valve comprising:

(a) a valve block containing at least two fluid flow paths;

(b) a valve core rotatably disposed in said valve block, said valve core containing at least one fluid flow path which interconnects said at least two fluid flow paths in said valve block when said valve core is suitably positioned; (c) at least one seal disposed in a recess in the surface of said valve core at an aperture of said fluid flow path, said seal being formed of a resilient material and having: (i) a central passageway for the flow of the fluid to valved, said central passageway being in fluid communication with said fluid flow path in said valve core; (ii) a first surface which is generally perpendicular to said central passageway - 8 -

and which is generally cylindrical in shape, said first surface functioning as the wear surface of said seal and being in contact with said valve block when the rotary valve is in use;

(iii)second and third surfaces which are generally parallel to said central passageway and which extend radially inwardly from said first surface, said second and third surfaces and the corresponding surfaces of said recess in said valve core being shaped such that said seal is deformed inwardly towards said central passageway when said seal is inserted in said recess; and

(iv) a fourth surface which is generally perpendicular to said central passageway, said fourth surface having a trough therein on either side of said central passageway and the lines where said fourth surface meets with said second and third surfaces being farther from said first surface than is the aperture of said central passageway in said fourth surface, whereby said fourth surface is slightly concave.

9. A rotary valve as recited in claim 8 wherein said troughs are symmetrical with respect to said central passageway.

10. A rotary valve as recited in claims 8 or 9 wherein said recess is rectangular in plan and has a flat bottom.