WO1984000936A1 - Agencement de liaison a transfer de poids pour des combinaisons semiremorques-tracteurs - Google Patents

Agencement de liaison a transfer de poids pour des combinaisons semiremorques-tracteurs Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1984000936A1
WO1984000936A1 PCT/GB1983/000209 GB8300209W WO8400936A1 WO 1984000936 A1 WO1984000936 A1 WO 1984000936A1 GB 8300209 W GB8300209 W GB 8300209W WO 8400936 A1 WO8400936 A1 WO 8400936A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
trailer
tractor
arrangement
drawbar
connector
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB1983/000209
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Robert Johnson Greatbatch
Original Assignee
Weight Distribution Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Weight Distribution Ltd filed Critical Weight Distribution Ltd
Priority to AU19406/83A priority Critical patent/AU1940683A/en
Publication of WO1984000936A1 publication Critical patent/WO1984000936A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D53/00—Tractor-trailer combinations; Road trains
    • B62D53/04—Tractor-trailer combinations; Road trains comprising a vehicle carrying an essential part of the other vehicle's load by having supporting means for the front or rear part of the other vehicle
    • B62D53/08—Fifth wheel traction couplings
    • B62D53/0871—Fifth wheel traction couplings with stabilising means, e.g. to prevent jack-knifing, pitching, rolling, buck jumping
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D53/00—Tractor-trailer combinations; Road trains
    • B62D53/04—Tractor-trailer combinations; Road trains comprising a vehicle carrying an essential part of the other vehicle's load by having supporting means for the front or rear part of the other vehicle
    • B62D53/08—Fifth wheel traction couplings
    • B62D53/0807—Fifth wheel traction couplings adjustable coupling saddles mounted on sub-frames; Mounting plates therefor
    • B62D53/0814—Fifth wheel traction couplings adjustable coupling saddles mounted on sub-frames; Mounting plates therefor with adjustment of the clearance between the tractor or the trailer

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an arrangement for connecting a trailer to a tractor.
  • the invention has a particular application to a drawbar for connecting a trailer to a weight transfer hitch attached to a prime mover such as a tractor.
  • a prime mover such as a tractor.
  • weight transfer hitches There are a number of weight transfer hitches currently on the
  • hitch must be so constructed as to permit relative freedom of movement between the tractor and the trailer in three senses, namely:-
  • the composite vehicle must be able to change
  • steering or 'yawing axis' generally known as the steering or 'yawing axis'.
  • the tractor and the trailer must be able to move independently about a horizontal axis to enable the
  • the composite vehicle This is generally known as the
  • the axis about which this movement takes place is generally known as the 'humping axis'
  • a weight transfer hitch must consist of a mechanism incorporating these three axes, and must be so
  • hitch to the tractor is placed as low as possible, and generally somewhat in front of the centre line of the
  • the ground is maintained at the lowest possible level, so
  • R indicates the rolling axis of the hitch for the straigh o fe ahead position of the composite vehicle
  • R Qn indicates the
  • H indicates the humping axis of the hitch for the straight-
  • A'BC lies on the original humping axis H which has
  • One aim of the invention is to provide a drawbar for connecting a trailer to a weight transfer hitch
  • the invention also has a particular application
  • Such a vehicle consists of first and second vehicles, the first vehicle being a
  • the fifth wheel is so constructed as to permit relative movement, in the horizontal plane, of up to 90°
  • the trailer may have one or more axles so arranged as to transfer a large part of the weight of
  • Jack-knifing occurs when the kinetic energy in the trailer is applied as a force to the tractor at such an angle, and in such a position, as to cause the rear of the tractor to rotate about (or near) the point of contact of the outside front wheel of the tractor.
  • Jack-knifing is the cause of many road accidents with, loss of lives, much injury and damage.
  • Another aim of the invention is, therefore, to
  • the present invention provides an arrangement for
  • said means is such that, as the tractor executes a turn, the first connector is moved into
  • first connector diverts the line of action of the kineti
  • said means is such that the movement of the first connector is proportional to the angle throu
  • a drawbar constitutes the connecting arrangement, the drawbar having the first
  • the drawbar is constituted by a beam, and a hydraulic ram constitutes said means.
  • the ram can control the lateral movement of the trailer for both right-hand and left-hand turns, the ram is conven ⁇ iently a double-acting hydraulic ram.
  • the ram may be pivotally attached to the beam and
  • the beam is pivotally attached to a
  • the drawbar may further comprise a sensor for measuring the angle of turn and for controlling the amount of pressurised hydraulic fluid supplied to the ram.
  • the drawbar may further comprise a hydraulic master cylinder for controlling the hydraulic ram, the master cylinder being actuated by a mechanical linkage which is moved in dependence upon the angle of the turn.
  • weight transfer hitch may constitute the mechanical
  • the drawbar is
  • the cross-piece being pivotally attachable to the weight
  • the trailer define a parallelogram linkage, the pivotal
  • a hydraulic ram constitutes said means, the hydraulic ram being pivotally connected across a diagonal of the parallelogram linkage.
  • the drawbar further comprises a fail ⁇ safe device for moving the drawbar into a predetermined
  • the first connector is a fifth wheel attachable to the tractor
  • the second connector is a king pin attachable to the trailer.
  • the fifth wheel is fixed to a frame which is pivotally
  • the fifth wheel is movable in an arc about the axis of the pivot joint.
  • the fifth wheel is movable in an arc about the axis of the pivot joint.
  • arrangement may further comprise an arcuate track which
  • roller means which engage with the track.
  • the arm is connected to a cross-member by the pivot joint, the cross-member being fixable to the
  • the arrangement may further comprise sensing means
  • the sensing means is constituted by a cam fixable to the front of the trailer, and a cam follower moun ⁇
  • the sensing means is such that the angular movement of the cam is converted into linear movement of the cam follower, and the linear movement of the cam follower is transmitted, via a rack-and-pinion drive, to a hydraulic control unit
  • control unit comprises a diverter valve and a proportional
  • the diverter valve is a flow control
  • valve having two outputs connected to the opposite ends
  • the hydraulic control unit being such that hyd ⁇ raulic fluid passes to the output side of the diverter valve only after passing through the proportional valve.
  • the diverter valve and the proportional valve may be controlled by a mechanical linkage driven by the rack- and-pinion drive.
  • the invention also provides a tractor-trailer
  • the weight transfer hitch being attached to the rear of the
  • the trailer being of the type having a
  • OMPI transfer hitch having a rolling axis, a humping axis
  • the invention further provides an articulated semi-trailer comprising a tractor connected to a trailer by means of a connecting arrangement, the connecting arrangement having a fifth wheel mounted on the chassis
  • Figure 2 is a schematic plan view of a tractor-
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic side elevation of a tractor- trailer combination incorporating a weight transfer hitch and a second form of drawbar constructed in accordance
  • Figure 4 is a schematic plan view of the arrangement
  • Figure 5 is a schematic plan view of an articulated
  • Figure 6 is a schematic partial plan view of the
  • Figure 7 is a plan view, on a larger scale, of a practical form of connecting arrangement
  • Figure 8 is a side elevation of the connecting
  • Figure 9 is a partial plan view showing the fifth
  • Figure 10 is a side elevation corresponding to
  • Figure 11 is a hydraulic circuit diagram.
  • Figure 2 shows a tractor-
  • R indicates the rolling axis of the hitch for o e the straight-ahead position of the composite vehicle
  • R qn indicates the rolling axis of the hitch for a 90 left
  • H indicates the humping axis of the hitch
  • the drawbar D' is constituted by a cross-piece 1
  • the cross-piece 1 is mounted on
  • pivot joints 3 and 4 are attached, by pivot joints 3 and 4, to the opposite ends of the cross-piece.
  • the opposite ends of the arms 2 are pivotally attached, by pivot joints 5 and 6, to the front of the trailer T.
  • the pivot joints 3, 4, 5 and 6 are so positioned that the cross-piece 1, the arms 2, and the front of the trailer T define a parallelogram linkage.
  • the constant-displacement, double-acting hydrauli ram 7 has a member fixed to its piston within the cylindric
  • This member is .of such a size as to compensate for the presence of the piston rod within the other working chamber of the ram, so that the ram can be extended and retracted by substantially the same distance by supplying the same amount of hydraulic
  • a sensor (not shown) is provided for sensing
  • the tractor turns.
  • the sensor is attached
  • the sensor is used to actuate a
  • the hydraulic control valve is effective to supply pressurised hydraulic fluid to the ram 7, the amount of pressurised hydraulic fluid supplied being proportional to the angle sensed, and hence to the angle of turn.
  • the hydraulic control valve supplies pressurised hydraulic fluid to one side of the piston of the ram 7 for right-hand turns, and to the other side of the piston for left-hand turns.
  • T is again the isosceles triangle ABC, w ⁇ here A is the
  • the drawbar D' is distorted to define a parallelogram, this distortion being caused by the extension or retraction
  • the degree of distortion of the drawbar D' is also proportional to the angle of turn.
  • OMPI Figures 3 and 4 show a tractor-trailer combination
  • the weight transfer hitch W has a pair of parallel, rigid arms 11, one end of each of which is pivotally attached to the tractor (the rear wheels 12 of which only are
  • the humping axis H is positioned slightly forwards
  • the arms 11 support
  • the pivot bearing 13a defines the rolling axis R
  • the pivot bearing 13_b defines the yawing axis Y. This type of weight transfer hitch is described in greater detail in our British Patent Spec ⁇ ifications Nos. 1,602,735 and 2,006,595.
  • the drawbar D' ' comprises a beam 15, one end of which is attached to the weight transfer hitch W for
  • pivot joints 18 and 19 are pivotally connected, by pivot joints 18 and 19 respec- tively, to the beam 15 and to one arm of the strut 16.
  • a sensor (not shown) is associated with the pivot
  • T is again the isosceles triangle ABC. In this position,
  • Fig. 4 shows, in dash lines, the
  • each of the drawbars D' and D , ! is
  • the rams 7 and 17 could be controlled by a master cylinder which is controlled in dependence upon the angle of turn.
  • the master cylinder could be controlled by a rack meshing with the pinion. It would also be possible
  • Figs. 5 and 6 show an articulated semi-trailer incorporating an anti-jack-knifing mechanism constituted
  • the articulated semi-trailer has a tractor
  • the tractor 20 is generally by the reference numeral 22.
  • the tractor 20 is generally by the reference numeral 22.
  • An arcuate track 27 is provided
  • a powered device (not shown) .
  • the device is arranged to move the fifth wheel 23 laterally
  • Fig. 5 shows the trailer 21 in the straight-ahead
  • FIG. 5 also shows (in dashed
  • K_. is the centre of the fifth wheel in the position
  • trailer 21 lies at an angle of 20 to the straight-ahead
  • FIGs. 7 and 8 show a practical form of connecting
  • This connecting arrangement has a fifth wheel 30 attached to
  • the frame 31 carries a pair of rollers 32,
  • a double-acting hydraulic ram 37 is pivotally connected
  • the arcuate track being such that
  • a king pin 40 is detachably fixed to the fifth
  • a pair of cams 41 are fixed to the trailer chassis (shown schematically by the dashed line 42 in Fig. 8) and are positioned above the fifth wheel 30. As shown in Fig. 9, the two cams 41 are positioned symmetrically on opposite sides of the central longitud ⁇
  • Figs. 7 and 8 show only one of the control
  • roller (cam follower) 44 which engages the
  • iated cam followers 44 are fixed to the fifth wheel 30.
  • the ram 37 is pressurised to force the fifth wheel 30
  • the linkage 47 controls a diverter valve 49 and a propor-
  • the output side of the diverter valve has hydraulic lines 53a and 53t> leading to the opposite ends of the ram 37.
  • the input side of the diverter valve 49 is also connected to the proportional valve 50 in such a manner that hydraulic fluid passes to the output side of the diverter valve only after it
  • Each of the control devices 43 is used to pressurise
  • each ram 37 could be pressurised by a respective
  • control device 43 or both control devices could be
  • each of the cams 41 is chosen to balance the working stroke of the ram 37 with the angular
  • jack-knifing can occur at smaller angles than that shown in Figs. 5 and 6. This illustrated position shows a critical situation in which jack-knifing is probable - though this depends on
  • jack-knifing can occur during very small angle turns.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)

Abstract

Agencement permettant de relier une remorque à un tracteur. L'agencement de liaison possède un premier et un deuxième connecteurs pouvant être reliés au tracteur et à la remorque respectivement. Dans un mode de réalisation, une barre de traction (D') constitue l'agencement de liaison, la barre de traction possédant une poutre (15), le premier connecteur à une extrémité de la poutre et un troisième connecteur à l'autre extrémité de la poutre. Le troisième connecteur est fixé à un accrochage (W) de transfert de poids fixé au tracteur. Dans un autre mode de réalisation, l'agencement de liaison est utilisé pour relier le tracteur et la remorque de manière à former une semi-remorque articulée. Dans ce cas le premier connecteur est un cercle horizontal (30) et le deuxième connecteur est un pivot d'attelage (40). Le cercle horizontal (30) est fixé à l'extrémité d'un bras (33) monté de manière pivotante sur le châssis (36) du tracteur. Le pivot d'attelage est fixé sur la partie avant de la remorque. Dans les deux modes de réalisation un organe (tel qu'un bélier hydraulique 17 ou 37) permet de déplacer le premier connecteur latéralement par rapport à l'axe longitudinal central du tracteur.
PCT/GB1983/000209 1982-08-27 1983-08-25 Agencement de liaison a transfer de poids pour des combinaisons semiremorques-tracteurs WO1984000936A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU19406/83A AU1940683A (en) 1982-08-27 1983-08-25 Connecting arrangement

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB08224595A GB2125672A (en) 1982-08-27 1982-08-27 Drawbar

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1984000936A1 true WO1984000936A1 (fr) 1984-03-15

Family

ID=10532550

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB1983/000209 WO1984000936A1 (fr) 1982-08-27 1983-08-25 Agencement de liaison a transfer de poids pour des combinaisons semiremorques-tracteurs

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0134213A1 (fr)
GB (1) GB2125672A (fr)
WO (1) WO1984000936A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2344044A (en) * 1998-10-31 2000-05-31 Brian George Knight Draw bar
WO2002074610A1 (fr) * 2001-03-15 2002-09-26 Stephen Carl Henderson Vehicule articule

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2166932B (en) * 1984-11-17 1988-06-29 Dowdeswell C V R Adjustable plough offset arrangement
US5335856A (en) * 1992-10-13 1994-08-09 Fmc Corporation Air boom sprayer trailer hitch and suspension
DE102017213635A1 (de) * 2017-08-07 2019-02-07 Horsch Maschinen Gmbh Gezogenes landwirtschaftliches Gerät mit aktiver Lenkung und Verfahren zur Lenkung eines landwirtschaftlichen Geräts
CN109168510A (zh) * 2018-09-27 2019-01-11 温州大学瓯江学院 农业施肥机

Citations (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2400522A (en) * 1945-01-08 1946-05-21 Myrtle E Hoss Trailer hitch
US2461212A (en) * 1947-11-17 1949-02-08 William T Hanna Device for controlling the swing of trailer vehicles
GB782387A (en) * 1955-04-28 1957-09-04 Sentinel Shrewsbury Ltd Improvements in or relating to vehicle couplings or hitches
FR1144416A (fr) * 1956-03-19 1957-10-14 Tracteur avec remorque à un essieu
US3136566A (en) * 1963-01-11 1964-06-09 Raymond H Harding Tractor semitrailer load distributor device
DE1195609B (de) * 1959-07-23 1965-06-24 Beteiligungs & Patentverw Gmbh Vorrichtung zur UEbertragung der Last von dem Auflieger auf das Zugfahrzeug eines Sattelschleppzuges
DE1933963U (de) * 1965-12-07 1966-03-03 Und Eisengiesserei Lauingen Ko Vorrichtung fuer die horizontale verstellung der anhaengekupplung an zugmaschinen, ackerschleppern usw.
DE1934459U (de) * 1965-02-11 1966-03-10 Texas Industries Inc Ladewagen.
US3391948A (en) * 1966-08-26 1968-07-09 Joe F. Mccown Drawbar mechanism
US3487448A (en) * 1968-03-11 1969-12-30 Deere & Co Power operated swinging drawbar
US3498637A (en) * 1968-03-11 1970-03-03 Deere & Co Power-operated swinging drawbar
US4019754A (en) * 1973-01-22 1977-04-26 Hinckley John A Vehicle connecting device
FR2390321A1 (fr) * 1977-08-12 1978-12-08 Weight Distribution Ltd Attelage pour vehicules
WO1981002276A1 (fr) * 1980-02-11 1981-08-20 A Landriault Dispositif de securite pour tracteur et semi-remorque
GB2069428A (en) * 1980-02-07 1981-08-26 Daimler Benz Ag An articulated vehicle
EP0081190A2 (fr) * 1981-12-04 1983-06-15 Hans Ruf Remorque de véhicule avec attelage pivotable latéralement

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB619744A (en) * 1946-12-23 1949-03-14 Pest Control Ltd An improved draw gear for tractor vehicles
DK120263A (fr) * 1968-07-02
NL7304647A (fr) * 1973-04-04 1974-10-08
US3919831A (en) * 1975-01-24 1975-11-18 Sperry Rand Corp Crop harvesting machine convertible between field operating and road transporting orientations
US4065914A (en) * 1976-03-15 1978-01-03 International Harvester Company Offset baler with steerable control
US4196917A (en) * 1978-07-05 1980-04-08 Deere & Company Hydraulic lock for the swingable tongue of a towed machine

Patent Citations (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2400522A (en) * 1945-01-08 1946-05-21 Myrtle E Hoss Trailer hitch
US2461212A (en) * 1947-11-17 1949-02-08 William T Hanna Device for controlling the swing of trailer vehicles
GB782387A (en) * 1955-04-28 1957-09-04 Sentinel Shrewsbury Ltd Improvements in or relating to vehicle couplings or hitches
FR1144416A (fr) * 1956-03-19 1957-10-14 Tracteur avec remorque à un essieu
DE1195609B (de) * 1959-07-23 1965-06-24 Beteiligungs & Patentverw Gmbh Vorrichtung zur UEbertragung der Last von dem Auflieger auf das Zugfahrzeug eines Sattelschleppzuges
US3136566A (en) * 1963-01-11 1964-06-09 Raymond H Harding Tractor semitrailer load distributor device
DE1934459U (de) * 1965-02-11 1966-03-10 Texas Industries Inc Ladewagen.
DE1933963U (de) * 1965-12-07 1966-03-03 Und Eisengiesserei Lauingen Ko Vorrichtung fuer die horizontale verstellung der anhaengekupplung an zugmaschinen, ackerschleppern usw.
US3391948A (en) * 1966-08-26 1968-07-09 Joe F. Mccown Drawbar mechanism
US3487448A (en) * 1968-03-11 1969-12-30 Deere & Co Power operated swinging drawbar
US3498637A (en) * 1968-03-11 1970-03-03 Deere & Co Power-operated swinging drawbar
US4019754A (en) * 1973-01-22 1977-04-26 Hinckley John A Vehicle connecting device
FR2390321A1 (fr) * 1977-08-12 1978-12-08 Weight Distribution Ltd Attelage pour vehicules
GB2069428A (en) * 1980-02-07 1981-08-26 Daimler Benz Ag An articulated vehicle
WO1981002276A1 (fr) * 1980-02-11 1981-08-20 A Landriault Dispositif de securite pour tracteur et semi-remorque
EP0081190A2 (fr) * 1981-12-04 1983-06-15 Hans Ruf Remorque de véhicule avec attelage pivotable latéralement

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2344044A (en) * 1998-10-31 2000-05-31 Brian George Knight Draw bar
GB2344044B (en) * 1998-10-31 2003-01-15 Brian George Knight Draw bar
WO2002074610A1 (fr) * 2001-03-15 2002-09-26 Stephen Carl Henderson Vehicule articule

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0134213A1 (fr) 1985-03-20
GB2125672A (en) 1984-03-14

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