WO1984000053A1 - Dispositif de commande des pales d'une turbine eolienne - Google Patents

Dispositif de commande des pales d'une turbine eolienne Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1984000053A1
WO1984000053A1 PCT/SE1983/000247 SE8300247W WO8400053A1 WO 1984000053 A1 WO1984000053 A1 WO 1984000053A1 SE 8300247 W SE8300247 W SE 8300247W WO 8400053 A1 WO8400053 A1 WO 8400053A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
vane
wind turbine
turbine
auxiliary
servo motor
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/SE1983/000247
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Nils Eric Staffan Engstroem
Original Assignee
Conort Eng Ab
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Conort Eng Ab filed Critical Conort Eng Ab
Priority to AU17059/83A priority Critical patent/AU1705983A/en
Publication of WO1984000053A1 publication Critical patent/WO1984000053A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors 
    • F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
    • F03D7/0244—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor for braking
    • F03D7/0252—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor for braking with aerodynamic drag devices on the blades
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/20—Rotors
    • F05B2240/37—Multiple rotors
    • F05B2240/374—Auxiliary rotors attached to blades of main rotor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00—Function
    • F05B2260/90—Braking
    • F05B2260/901—Braking using aerodynamic forces, i.e. lift or drag
    • F05B2260/9011—Braking using aerodynamic forces, i.e. lift or drag of the tips of rotor blades
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction

Definitions

  • the invention refers to a wind turbine comprising at least one vane, at least one such vane, preferably all of them being provided with a control device for controlling the output power of the vane.
  • the whole vane is vane angle controlled in order to limit the output power when the wind is so gale that the rated output power of the turbine is exceeded in order to facilitate the start of the turbine and in order to enable emergency breaking should, for example the load of the wind turbine drop out.
  • the vane angle control may be limited to the outer portion of the vane, for example the outer third of the vane, thereby reducing necessary control forces to about only 10 percent of the forces required when the whole vane is vane angle controlled, an additional advantage being that the heavily stress ed journal used for the vane angle control and provided adjacent the turbine hub is dispensed with.
  • Another alternative for limiting the power of a wind turbine is by stalling which occurs automatically when the wind speed exceeds a certain value, provided that the shape and rate of rotation o f the vane has been choos en in a suitable way. Also in this case a decive is required for emergency breaking should the load drop out.
  • the invention starts from a wind turbine comprising at least one vane, at least one such an preferably all vanes being provided with a control device for controlling the power output of the vane, the invention being characterized in that an auxiliary wind turbine is provided on the vane provided with said control device radially spaced from the shaft of the wind turbine to be exposed to a wind speed substantially corresponding to the rotational velocity of the auxiliary turbine around the shaft and that the auxiliary turbine is adapted to drive the control device of the vane.
  • the control device comprising e power varying means for varying the power output of the vane, a s ervo motor which normally is supplied with power and is controlled from a position remote from the wind turbine, and an adjusting device driven by the motor to act upon said power varying means, the auxiliary turbine being provided to drive and control the adjusting device to cause said power varying means to reduce the power output of the vane during malfunction in the operation of the wind turbine.
  • Said power varying means may comprise a top portion of the vane, for example the outer third of the vane which is rotatable by means of a journal around the longitudinal axis of the vane in relation to the portion of the vane which is firmly connected to the turbine shaft.
  • said power varying means may comprise a flap connected to the vane and acting by increasing the breaking force and reducing the lifting force. The flap may also be able to turn the whole vane or a part thereof into the desired position.
  • the auxiliary turbine can be arranged to be connected by means of a clutch to the adjusting device in order to act upon the same and the clutch is suitably arranged to be activated when the power supply or the control of the servo motor drops out or when the number of revolutions of the wind turbine or auxiliary turbine exceeds a predetermined value.
  • the auxiliary turbine is preferably mounted near the area of the journal of the vane top and preferably on the stationary part of the vane, desireably in connection with the adjusting device.
  • the adjusting device may suitably comprise a mechanical jack of the type comprising a rotary, not shiftable screw which is rotated by the servo motor and which drives a shiftable nut, the one end of the jack being coupled to the pressure side of the stationary vane portion in the area at the dowstream edge of the vane, said one end of the jack containing the driving connection of the jack.
  • the servo motor is suitably mounted in preferably direct connection to the jack, and the wind turbine is suitably mounted adjacent the servo motor, preferably coaxially therewith.
  • the clutch may be biased, for example by means of a spring, towards its coupling position, while an electro magnet is arranged to hold under the action of a control signal circuit the clutch in the released postion against the action of the spring.
  • the shaft of the auxiliary turbine may act upon a rotational-speed detector which is adapted to interrupt the control circuit at a rotational speed in excess of a predetermined value so that the clutch is activated and the auxiliary turbine actuates the adjusting device to cause the vanes of the wind turbine to be angularly adjusted.
  • the control circuit can be arranged to interrupt the current supply of the servo motor when there is an interruption in the control circuit.
  • the wind turbine may be arranged to be stopped if the number of revolutions of the auxiliary turbine is below a certain value when the wind turbine is rotating, for example with a number of revolutions of 20 percent or more of its rated number of revolutions.
  • the servo motor is mounted externally of the vane to be cooled by air, to be easily accessable and not to interfere with the construction of the vane.
  • Fig. 1 schematically shows a wind power plant according to the invention
  • Fig. 2 is a section along line II-II in Fig. 1,
  • Fig. 3 is a schematical section taken along line III-III in fig. 2, and
  • Fig. 4 schematically illustrates a control circuit for the device according to Fig. 3.
  • a wind power plant comprising a wind power rotor 1 having two vanes.
  • the horizontal shaft 30 of the rotor 1 is journalled in a movable engine house on a tower 40, said house containing a load connected to shaft 30, for example en electric generator 41.
  • the rotor vanes comprise a rigid inner vane portion 2 and attached thereto a vane top portion 3 adapted to be angularly adjusted in relation to vane portion 2 about the longitudinal axis of the vane.
  • the lenght of vane portion 2 amounts to about 70 percent of the entire length of the vane.
  • a wind turbine 20 is mounted on each vane adjacent the journal of the vane top portion 3.
  • the wind turbine 20 is adapted to be exposed to a wind velocity substantially corresponding to the rotational velocity of the wind turbine about shaft 30 of the rotor to supply power to a control device by means of which the angular position of the vane top 3 is adjusted.
  • Fig. 2 there is shown the rigid portion 2 of the vane and the angularly adjustable top portion 3 which is connected to vane portion 2 by means of a shaft 4.
  • the plane of rotation of rotor 1 is indicated by P.
  • a bracket 7 is provided and on the upstream portion of the pressure side of the vane top 3 a bracket 6 is provided.
  • a jack 5 is inserted between brackets 6 and 7 .
  • the jack 5 comprises an axially shiftable nut which is driven by a rotatable screw within a housing 8.
  • the wind turbine 20 is shown to be directly connected to housing 8.
  • Fig. 3 shows again the jack 5 with the screw housing 8 and a sleeve connecting the wind turbine 20 to the housing 8.
  • a rotatable shaft 9 is adapted to rotate the screw in the housing 8 for driving the jack 5.
  • Shaft 9 carries a conical cog-wheel 10 which cooperates with a conical cog-wheel 11 on the shaft of a servo motor 12.
  • Turbine 20 comprises a rotor carrying vanes, the shaft of said rotor being coaxial with the shaft 12 of the servo motor.
  • a clutch K is provided between the rotor shaft of the wind turbine and the shaft 12 of the servo motor.
  • servo motor 12 is remote controlled by means of electric current MS via a cable 60 containing a normally closed switch 61 controlled by an electro magnet 62.
  • the electro magnet 62 is in series with a control circuit 70 containing a control central 71.
  • a control circuit 70 containing a control central 71.
  • an electro magnet 72 which when energized will hold clutch K open against the action of a presure spring 73 (Fig. 3) tending to move the clutch into engaged condition.
  • circuit 70 comprises a normally closed switch 74 adapted to be controlled by a rotational speed counter V so that the switch 74 will open if the number of rotations of the auxiliary turbine is exceeding a predetermined value.
  • circuit 70 also may contain additional supervising normally closed switches so that circuit 70 is interrupted when the number of revolutions of the wind power rotor is exceeding a perdetermined value. This may be accomplished by means of a centrifugal force detector. As appears from Fig. 4, the current supply of the servo motor 12 will be interrupted and the clutch K will be activated when the number of revolutions of the auxiliary turbine is in exceeding a predetermined value or the control circuit 70 is interrupted unintentionally or deliberately. This will provide an emergency angular adjustment of the vanes of the wind power rotor under all conditions.
  • a large wind power turbine operates at a vane topspeed of about 100 meters/sek. At 70 percent of the radius the air flow speed thus amounts to 70 meters/sek. This is the air speed to which the wind turbine 20 will be exposed.
  • a simple consideration will show that the wind turbine 20 only requires a diameter of 0.3 meter in order to offer at a low efficiency a sufficient power to drive the vane top adjustment of a wind turbine having a diameter of 70 meter (the generator output power is 2-4 MW).
  • wind power rotor having a vane top control
  • the invention also may be applied in wind power rotors in which the entire vane is vane angle controlled.
  • the invention may be used in connection with wind power rotors of the type different from the turbine type shown here and that the wind turbine used may be arranged to provide power to devices for controlling the power output of the vane without any need of a servo motor, suitabl e control circuit being provided to control the connection of the wind turbine shaft to the adjustment device, a reverse gear suitable being incorporated to permit reversing the direction of angular adjustment of the vane.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Abstract

Une turbine éolienne comprend au moins une pale présentant une partie interne rigide (2) et une partie externe (3) qui est rotative par rapport à l'axe de la pale pour commander la sortie de puissance de la turbine éolienne. Une turbine auxiliaire (20) est disposée sur chaque pale de turbine à une certaine distance de l'arbre (30) de la turbine éolienne de manière à être exposée à un vent ayant une vitesse correspondant sensiblement à la vitesse de rotation de la turbine auxiliaire (20) autour de l'arbre (30). La turbine auxiliaire (20) est conçue pour agir sur des organes de commande de la position angulaire de la partie supérieure de la pale (3), notamment la position angulaire critique des pales du rotor à énergie éolienne.
PCT/SE1983/000247 1982-06-15 1983-06-15 Dispositif de commande des pales d'une turbine eolienne WO1984000053A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU17059/83A AU1705983A (en) 1982-06-15 1983-06-15 Regleranordning for en vindturbins blad

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE8203721A SE8203721L (sv) 1982-06-15 1982-06-15 Regleranordning for en vindturbins blad

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1984000053A1 true WO1984000053A1 (fr) 1984-01-05

Family

ID=20347077

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/SE1983/000247 WO1984000053A1 (fr) 1982-06-15 1983-06-15 Dispositif de commande des pales d'une turbine eolienne

Country Status (2)

Country Link
SE (1) SE8203721L (fr)
WO (1) WO1984000053A1 (fr)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1985004930A1 (fr) * 1984-04-26 1985-11-07 Sir Henry Lawson-Tancred, Sons & Co Ltd Pales d'eolienne
GB2169663A (en) * 1984-12-29 1986-07-16 Proven Eng Prod Windmill blade
US4735552A (en) * 1985-10-04 1988-04-05 Watson William K Space frame wind turbine
US5124920A (en) * 1989-04-20 1992-06-23 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Driver restriction apparatus for restricting a vehicle driver
US5269652A (en) * 1988-12-23 1993-12-14 Helge Petersen Aerodynamic brake on a wind rotor for a windmill
US5387083A (en) * 1992-12-23 1995-02-07 Alliedsignal Inc. Helicopter servoflap actuator having mechanical stop and oil pump
EP0761964A1 (fr) * 1995-08-28 1997-03-12 Grégoire Alexandroff Aérogénérateur birotor
US6428274B1 (en) 1997-11-04 2002-08-06 Windtec Anlagenerrichtungs-Und Consulting Gmbh Drive mechanism for adjusting the rotor blades of wind power installations
WO2002064974A1 (fr) * 2001-02-13 2002-08-22 Akira Obata Dispositif de generation d'energie eolienne
EP2778398A3 (fr) * 2013-03-15 2018-03-07 GE Infrastructure Technology, LLC Système de déploiement de sécurité pour déflecteur d'air du pale d'éolienne

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2340251A1 (de) * 1973-08-09 1975-02-20 Walter Schoenball Steuerrotor mit windabhaengigem verstellmechanismus fuer windmuehlen
DE2737767B1 (de) * 1977-08-22 1978-09-21 Ulrich Prof. Dr.-Ing. 7312 Kirchheim Huetter Windkraftanlage
FR2464384A1 (fr) * 1979-08-28 1981-03-06 Charpentier Pierre Dispositif recuperateur de l'energie cinetique d'un fluide en ecoulement

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2340251A1 (de) * 1973-08-09 1975-02-20 Walter Schoenball Steuerrotor mit windabhaengigem verstellmechanismus fuer windmuehlen
DE2737767B1 (de) * 1977-08-22 1978-09-21 Ulrich Prof. Dr.-Ing. 7312 Kirchheim Huetter Windkraftanlage
FR2464384A1 (fr) * 1979-08-28 1981-03-06 Charpentier Pierre Dispositif recuperateur de l'energie cinetique d'un fluide en ecoulement

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1985004930A1 (fr) * 1984-04-26 1985-11-07 Sir Henry Lawson-Tancred, Sons & Co Ltd Pales d'eolienne
GB2169663A (en) * 1984-12-29 1986-07-16 Proven Eng Prod Windmill blade
US4735552A (en) * 1985-10-04 1988-04-05 Watson William K Space frame wind turbine
US5269652A (en) * 1988-12-23 1993-12-14 Helge Petersen Aerodynamic brake on a wind rotor for a windmill
US5124920A (en) * 1989-04-20 1992-06-23 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Driver restriction apparatus for restricting a vehicle driver
US5387083A (en) * 1992-12-23 1995-02-07 Alliedsignal Inc. Helicopter servoflap actuator having mechanical stop and oil pump
EP0761964A1 (fr) * 1995-08-28 1997-03-12 Grégoire Alexandroff Aérogénérateur birotor
US6428274B1 (en) 1997-11-04 2002-08-06 Windtec Anlagenerrichtungs-Und Consulting Gmbh Drive mechanism for adjusting the rotor blades of wind power installations
WO2002064974A1 (fr) * 2001-02-13 2002-08-22 Akira Obata Dispositif de generation d'energie eolienne
EP2778398A3 (fr) * 2013-03-15 2018-03-07 GE Infrastructure Technology, LLC Système de déploiement de sécurité pour déflecteur d'air du pale d'éolienne

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE8203721L (sv) 1983-12-16

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