WO1983001657A1 - Moteur eolien - Google Patents

Moteur eolien Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1983001657A1
WO1983001657A1 PCT/DK1982/000097 DK8200097W WO8301657A1 WO 1983001657 A1 WO1983001657 A1 WO 1983001657A1 DK 8200097 W DK8200097 W DK 8200097W WO 8301657 A1 WO8301657 A1 WO 8301657A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rotor
wind power
shaft
power engine
crown wheel
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DK1982/000097
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Henrik Stiesdal
Karl Erik Joergensen
Original Assignee
Henrik Stiesdal
JORGENSEN, Karl, Erik
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Henrik Stiesdal, JORGENSEN, Karl, Erik filed Critical Henrik Stiesdal
Publication of WO1983001657A1 publication Critical patent/WO1983001657A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03DWIND MOTORS
    • F03D15/00Transmission of mechanical power
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03DWIND MOTORS
    • F03D15/00Transmission of mechanical power
    • F03D15/10Transmission of mechanical power using gearing not limited to rotary motion, e.g. with oscillating or reciprocating members
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H1/00Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion
    • F16H1/02Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion without gears having orbital motion
    • F16H1/04Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion without gears having orbital motion involving only two intermeshing members
    • F16H1/12Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion without gears having orbital motion involving only two intermeshing members with non-parallel axes
    • F16H1/14Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion without gears having orbital motion involving only two intermeshing members with non-parallel axes comprising conical gears only
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H1/00Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion
    • F16H1/02Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion without gears having orbital motion
    • F16H1/20Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion without gears having orbital motion involving more than two intermeshing members
    • F16H1/22Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion without gears having orbital motion involving more than two intermeshing members with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts
    • F16H1/222Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion without gears having orbital motion involving more than two intermeshing members with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with non-parallel axes
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction

Definitions

  • the present invention concerns a wind power engine in which the rotor runs on bearings at a stationary hollow shaft, and in which the output shaft driven by the rotor via a gear transmission extends through a stationary hollow shaft which serves as bearing housing for the output shaft.
  • Wind power engines nowadays are all provided with a speed increasing wheel gearing in the transmission between the rotor and a generator or similar energy con ⁇ verter for the utilization of the wind energy.
  • the transmission is built up over used parts from lorries so that the hub of the engine wings is bolted to the brake drum of the rear axle-assembly in such a way that a first stage in the transmission will be the crown wheel and the bevel pinion in the locked differential gear of- * the rear axle-assembly.
  • the second stage in the transmission normally consists of v-belts or roller chains to the generator.
  • Wind power engines built up from new parts only have most often industrial gears in different types as speed increasing member.
  • Wind power engines the transmission system of which is built up by automobile parts, normally are charac ⁇ terized by a comparatively more noiseless operation than is the case of wind power engines where common industrial gears are used. This is caused by the curved tooth gearing of the crown wheel and the bevel pinion.
  • the use of automobile parts loaded completely, different from their original purpose is not satisfactory, and V-belts or rol ⁇ ler chains are rather unsuitable for use in wind power engines which must be able to run without service for long periods and often exposed to shock exitating loads.
  • a wind power engine which is characterized in that the gear transmission comprises a gear rim of a crown wheel which is secured to the rotor and which is mounted to transmit the drive power of the rotor to a be ⁇ vel pinion at the output shaft via at least one with crown heel and a bevel pinion provided intermediate shaft which runs on bearings at the hollow stationary shaft and where ⁇ in the rotor itself is also running on bearings at the hollow stationary shaft.
  • the purpose of the invention is obtained because of the intermediate shaft which extends in a direction crosswise to the rotor axis, and because of the conical gears.
  • the short length of construction is obtained because the free space in the center of the gear rim of the crown wheel is utilized for a part of the crown wheel at the intermediate shaft and the engagement of this with the bevel pinion of the output shaft.
  • the length of construction may be further mini ⁇ mized and the stiffness of the construction further in ⁇ creased when the stationary hollow shaft is secured to a radially outwardly extending supporting flange and the ro ⁇ tor is running on bearings on this supporting flange con- centrical with the gear rim of the crown wheel secured to the rotor.
  • conical gears at the intermediate shaft have their tooth planes turned to each other.
  • a single intermedi ⁇ ate shaft is used and where the bearing load of the inter- mediate shaft in axial direction of the intermediate shaft becomes low because the axial forces from the two gear en ⁇ gagements are oppositely directed.
  • a single momentum transmitting bearing having horizontal axis such as a cross roller bea ⁇ ring is defined a hitherto unknown mounting of a rotor for a wind power engine and whereby is obtained an increase of structural stiffness and strength besides a further de ⁇ crease of structural length or building-in length of the wind power engine.
  • the axis of the intermediate shaft intersect the plane of the crown wheel gear rim of the rotor in a point positioned within the circumference of said gear rim.
  • the wing bracket or wing flange of the wind power engine is mounted concentrically to the crown wheel rim of the rotor at an arbitrary position from the front side of the rotatable housing of the rotor to the rear flange of the rotor or possibly to the tubular hub of the rotor.
  • the axis of the rotor and the axis of the output shaft extends in a mutual distance.
  • At least one of the gears of the transmission is a crown wheel or a bevel pinion for an automobile, preferably the crown wheel gear rim of the rotor.
  • At least the crown wheel gear rim of the rotor and the gear engaged with this gear rim have hypoid tooth gearing.
  • this bar can be a complete regular rectilinear regulation bar.
  • there are two intermediate shafts in the rotor casing each having a bevel pinion in engagement with the crown wheel gear rim of the rotor and each having a crown wheel in engagement with the bevel gear of the output shaft.
  • Fig. 1 shows a wind power engine according to the invention
  • fig. 2 the wind power engine of fig. 1 in axial cross section
  • fig. 3 an axial section through a wind power en- gine according to the invention and which engine is provided with a cross roller bearing
  • fig. 4 and 5 schematically the position of crown wheel gear rim and a concentrical position- ed output shaft
  • fig. 6 and 7 schematically the position of the • crown wheel gear rim and the output shaft mounted excentrically
  • Fig. 1 shows a wind power engine 1 according to the invention and comprising a rotatable engine housing which is also the rotor 2 possibly performed as a hub triangle or triangular boss, a hollow stationary shaft 3 of the rotor, a tubular hub 4 and an output shaft 5.
  • fig. 2 is shown in section a gear rim 6 of a crown wheel which is secured to the wind rotor 2 via a support 7 of the gear rim 6 at a radial supporting flange 8 which forms a part of the wind rotor 2.
  • an intermediate shaft 3 running on bearings and having a slow-running bevel pinion 10 which is in tooth engagement with the gear rim 6 and a fast-running crown wheel 12 which is in tooth engage ⁇ ment with a fast-running bevel pinion 34 of the output shaft 5.
  • the intermediate shaft 9 is rotatably mounted in a bearing housing 14 via roller bearings 16 and the bearing housing 14 is secured to the stationary shaft 3 via a supporting flange 18.
  • the tubular hub 4 which is rigidly connected to the radially extending supporting flange 8 for the gear rim 6 of the wind rotor 2 is rotat ⁇ ably mounted on the stationary shaft 3 via two roller bea ⁇ rings 20.
  • the wind rotor 2 besides the tubular hub 4 and the supporting flange 8 also comprises an annular side plate 22 and a rotor front plate 24 and a staying member 26 which connects the tubular hub 4 to the supporting flange 8.
  • a stationary bearing housing 28 for the output shaft 5 which is running on two roller bearings 30 in the bearing housing 28.
  • the rotor i.e. the wind rotor hou ⁇ sing 2 with the parts 6, 7 secured thereto and a not shown wing provided bracket which is secured to the rotor housing 2 on its front plate 24, on its side plate 22 or on its supporting flange 8, is mounted on the hollow shaft 3 which is stationary and through which the output shaft 5 which is driven by the rotor via a gear transmission, is extending, which hollow stationary shaft 3 serves as a bearing housing for the output shaft 5.
  • the shown gear transmission comprises a to the rotor 2 secured gear rim 6 of a crown wheel which transmits the driving power of the rotor to a bevel pinion 34 at the output shaft 5 via a crown wheel 12 and a bevel pinion 10 provided at the intermediate shaft 9, which is rotatably mounted at the stationary shaft 3 which also carries the rotor running on bearings.
  • the wing bracket which is not shown may e.g. be modified for a three-bladed 5 meter wing from ⁇ kaer Vindenergi, a 6 meter or 7,5 meter from Coronet or a 5,5 m wing from K.J. Fiber.
  • wind power engines may be dimensioned up to 30 KW or more.
  • a cardan shaft or a flex- ible coupling be connected to the output shaft 15 via a gear transmission, a cardan shaft or a flex- ible coupling be connected a generator such as an asyn ⁇ chronous or synchronous generator, a water brake, a hydrau ⁇ lic pump, a heat pump or a similar energy converting de ⁇ vice but obviously also every other mechanism may be dri ⁇ ven thereby.
  • the gear rim 6 may instead of being placed at the supporting flange 8 be placed at the inner side of the front plate 24 of the rotor.
  • the applied crown wheels and bevel pinions may e.g. be a matching set of crown wheel and bevel pinion from a lorry and a matching set of crown wheel and bevel pinion from a passenger car.
  • a typipal lorry motor produces approximately 200 KW and its maximum torque is of the magnitude 100 daNm. With a gear transmission ratio in the low gear the torque at the bevel pinion shaft exceeds 500 daNm. Shock loads and the degree of irregularity must be estimated to be of the same magnitude for a wind power engine as for a lorry.
  • Fig. 3 shows another construction for a wind po ⁇ was engine 1A according to the invention.
  • the rotor comprises the wind rotor housing 2A which is made up of its annular side plate 22A, the supporting flange 8A for the slow running crown wheel gear rim 6A, the front plate 24A, and the inner part of a cross roller bearing 20A pro ⁇ vided with cross rollers 36.
  • the cross roller bearing 20A replaces the two in Fig. 2 shown roller bearings 20.
  • the stationary part of the wind power engine comprises the outer part of the cross roller bearing 20A, a supporting flange 38 -for the cross roller bearing 20A, a bearing housing 3A having an axially inserted tubular sert 28A for the roller bearings 30A of the output shaft 5A, a supporting flange 18A, and its thereto secured bearing housing 14A in which the intermediate shaft 9A via roller bearings 16A is rotatably mounted. Also in this case the slow running bevel pinion
  • the conical gears 12A and 10A have their tooth planes facing each other, and the rotor is rotatably mounted at the supporting flange 38 via a single momentum transmitting bearing 20A which in this case is a cross roller bearing.
  • the hollow stationary shaft which in this case is performed by the bearing housing 3A, is secured to the radially outwardly extending supporting flange 38, and the rotor is rotatably mounted on this to the bearing housing 3A secured supporting flange 38 concentrically with the to the rotor secured gear rim 6A.
  • Fig. 4 and 5 show schematically in a side view and front view,respectively,the gear wheel mounting of the gear transmission in the wind power engine of fig. 3.
  • a pull-push bar 44 may be inserted through a central bore of the output shaft 5A and provided with a fork- formed part passing around the intermediate shaft in the space between the crown wheel 12A and the bearing housing 14A of the intermediate shaft.
  • Fig. 6 and 7 are schematically shown an excentric mounting of the output shaft relative to the axis of the gear rim 6 whereby there will be more space for the fork-formed pull-push bar 45 of larger dimensions for central mounting relatively to the gear rim 6 of e.g. the embodiment of the wind power engine shown in fig. 2.
  • Fig.8 and 9 show in a similar way the .position of the gear wheels where at least the gear rim 6B and the slow running bevel pinion 10B have hypoid tooth gearing. Thereby a pull-push bar 46 may be rectilinear, i.e. without a fork-form.
  • the rotor axis i.e. the axis of the gear rim 6 or 6B and of the output shaft 5 extends in a mutual distance.
  • each shaft having a bevel pinion in engagement with the gear rim of the rotor and each a crown wheel in engagement with the bevel pinion of the output shaft.
  • the intermediate shaft may also be mounted at the shaft 3 or the flange 18A via a not shown supporting member which is mounted rotatably about the axis of the gear rim and locked in a working position against the said rotation of not shown spring members, breakable means, such as burst pins,or friction means, such as friction discs.
  • the intermediate shaft thereby is able to rotate around the rotational axis of the gear rim but in normal load situations it will be maintained in its functional position by the mentioned spring members, friction discs or breakable means, where ⁇ by is obtained that the intermediate shaft when exposed to shock effects is able to yield or to rotate around the-*;. ⁇ ; axis of the gear rim whereby the transmission will be exempted fromoverload.
  • An overload of this type may occur by short circuiting the generator or in situations of uncommon rapid increasing squalls.
  • the wind power engine shown in fig. 3 may be provided with a cross roller swiwelling rim of the SKF- rim type RKS 12104-5151 x/x.
  • the roller bearings 16A may be type SKF 31314 and the roller bearings 30A type SKF 31313.
  • the gear wheels may be helical with Klingelnberg or hypoid tooth gearing.
  • the slow running gear wheel set 6A, 10A may have normal modulus 6 and number of teeth 17 and 61, respectively,corresponding to pitch diameters 129,52 mm and 480,00 mm, respectively.
  • the spiral angle or pitch may be 26 18'.
  • the fast running gear wheel set 12A, 34A may have normal modulus 4 and 5 with number of teeth 8 and.43 ⁇ respectively corresponding to the pitch diame ⁇ ters 55,81 mm and 300,00 mm, respectively.
  • the spiral ang ⁇ le or pitch may here be 38°20'.
  • the total gear transmission ratio may be 1:19,92 calculated for 51 r.p.m. of the wings and 1015 r.p.m. of the generator at oversynchronous running for a asyn ⁇ chronous generator.
  • the bearings 16 of the intermediate shaft 9 are secured to the inner ring of the cross roller bearing 20A in such a way that the intermediate shaft besides being rotatable around its longitudinal axis also is rotatable • around the axis of the cross roller bearing 20A and the output shaft 5.
  • the rotatable housing or the wind rotor 2 is also secured to the inner ring of the cross roller bearing 20A whereby a not shown wing carrying bracket fastened to the rotor 2 drives the intermediate shaft 9 in a rotating movement. Thereby the bevel pinion 10 is rotated in engagement with the gear rim 6 and the crown wheel 12 in engagement with the bevel pinion 34.

Abstract

Moteur mû par l'énergie éolienne (1) dans lequel le rotor (2) tourne sur des paliers d'un arbre stationnaire creux (3) et dans lequel l'arbre de sortie (5) entraîné par le rotor (2) via une transmission à engrenages s'étend au travers de l'arbre stationnaire creux (3) qui sert de logement de palier pour l'arbre de sortie (5), le moteur ainsi obtenu étant un moteur éolien solide, relativement silencieux, s'ajustant aisément dans des engrenages uniformes engagés, ayant une capacité de charge élevée, de courte longueur, et ayant un rapport élevé de transmission, ce moteur pouvant être fabriqué partiellement à l'aide de pièces réutilisables, la transmission par engrenage du moteur éolien de l'invention comprenant un pourtour d'engrenage (6) d'une couronne dentée qui est fixée sur le rotor (2) ou sur l'arbre stationnaire creux (3), lequel pourtour d'engrenage (6) est monté pour transmettre la puissance d'entraînement du rotor (2) à un pignon conique (34) de l'arbre de sortie (5) via au moins un arbre intermédiaire (9) pourvu d'une couronne dentée (2) et d'un pignon conique (10), cet arbre tournant sur des paliers de l'arbre stationnaire creux (3), le rotor (2) tournant lui-même également sur des paliers de l'arbre stationnaire creux (3).
PCT/DK1982/000097 1981-10-30 1982-10-27 Moteur eolien WO1983001657A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DK4790/81811030 1981-10-30
DK479081A DK151488C (da) 1981-10-30 1981-10-30 Vindmotor

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1983001657A1 true WO1983001657A1 (fr) 1983-05-11

Family

ID=8136684

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/DK1982/000097 WO1983001657A1 (fr) 1981-10-30 1982-10-27 Moteur eolien

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0093126A1 (fr)
DK (1) DK151488C (fr)
WO (1) WO1983001657A1 (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2604753A1 (fr) * 1986-10-07 1988-04-08 Lejeloux Sarl Dispositif de liaison du rotor au multiplicateur d'un aero-generateur, et aero-generateur qui en est equipe
WO2001048395A1 (fr) * 1999-12-24 2001-07-05 Tromelin Jean Pierre Dispositif de transmission de couple a haut rendement, notamment pour eolienne
EP1445484A1 (fr) * 2003-02-08 2004-08-11 Renk Aktiengesellschaft Limiteur de couple à friction, notamment pour éolienne
EP1961958A3 (fr) * 2007-02-22 2012-11-28 Schuler Pressen GmbH & Co. KG Unité transmission-moyeu pour une éolienne
EP3045719A1 (fr) * 2015-01-15 2016-07-20 ZF Friedrichshafen AG Turbine éolienne comprenant une couronne dentée

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114060242B (zh) * 2020-07-31 2023-03-31 新疆金风科技股份有限公司 轴系轴承的支撑装置及风力发电机组

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR964995A (fr) * 1950-08-30
DE860029C (de) * 1943-04-13 1952-12-18 Otto Frueh Windrad
DE911840C (de) * 1951-07-28 1954-05-20 Georg Braun Windkraftmaschine
DE3136576A1 (de) * 1980-09-15 1982-04-01 Snamprogetti S.p.A., Milano Vorrichtung zur erzeugung elektrischen stroms aus windenergie

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR964995A (fr) * 1950-08-30
DE860029C (de) * 1943-04-13 1952-12-18 Otto Frueh Windrad
DE911840C (de) * 1951-07-28 1954-05-20 Georg Braun Windkraftmaschine
DE3136576A1 (de) * 1980-09-15 1982-04-01 Snamprogetti S.p.A., Milano Vorrichtung zur erzeugung elektrischen stroms aus windenergie

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2604753A1 (fr) * 1986-10-07 1988-04-08 Lejeloux Sarl Dispositif de liaison du rotor au multiplicateur d'un aero-generateur, et aero-generateur qui en est equipe
WO2001048395A1 (fr) * 1999-12-24 2001-07-05 Tromelin Jean Pierre Dispositif de transmission de couple a haut rendement, notamment pour eolienne
FR2804727A1 (fr) * 1999-12-24 2001-08-10 Jean Pierre Tromelin Dispositif de transmission de couple a haut rendement, notamment pour eolienne
EP1445484A1 (fr) * 2003-02-08 2004-08-11 Renk Aktiengesellschaft Limiteur de couple à friction, notamment pour éolienne
EP1961958A3 (fr) * 2007-02-22 2012-11-28 Schuler Pressen GmbH & Co. KG Unité transmission-moyeu pour une éolienne
EP3045719A1 (fr) * 2015-01-15 2016-07-20 ZF Friedrichshafen AG Turbine éolienne comprenant une couronne dentée

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DK479081A (da) 1983-05-01
DK151488C (da) 1988-05-24
EP0093126A1 (fr) 1983-11-09
DK151488B (da) 1987-12-07

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