WO1982002585A1 - Thermal exploitation of refuses and plant for implementing such method - Google Patents

Thermal exploitation of refuses and plant for implementing such method Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1982002585A1
WO1982002585A1 PCT/DE1982/000013 DE8200013W WO8202585A1 WO 1982002585 A1 WO1982002585 A1 WO 1982002585A1 DE 8200013 W DE8200013 W DE 8200013W WO 8202585 A1 WO8202585 A1 WO 8202585A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pyrolysis
plant
combustion
waste
gas
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE1982/000013
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Veba Umwelttechnik Gmbh Mannesmann
Original Assignee
Riemann Hanns Helmut
Bracker Gerd Peter
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Riemann Hanns Helmut, Bracker Gerd Peter filed Critical Riemann Hanns Helmut
Priority to DE8282900303T priority Critical patent/DE3260167D1/en
Priority to AT82900303T priority patent/ATE7625T1/en
Publication of WO1982002585A1 publication Critical patent/WO1982002585A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
    • F23G5/027—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2201/00—Pretreatment
    • F23G2201/30—Pyrolysing
    • F23G2201/303—Burning pyrogases
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
    • Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for the thermal part of waste recycling by incineration and pyrolysis of the waste, and to the part of a waste recycling system suitable for carrying out the method.
  • it is known to arrange and operate the facilities in one and the same waste recycling plant, namely the incineration plant and the pyrolysis plant, completely separately.
  • the auxiliary burners of the incineration plants which are fired with oil or natural gas and can be switched on as group-controlled units, ensure the start of the incineration plant and are only in operation during the stationary operation of the plant to the extent that the current combustibility of the waste to maintain the combustion temperature as constant as possible required.
  • the pyrolysis plant is heated with the pyrolysis gas remaining after removal of the recyclable large-molecular components.
  • a process for thermal waste recycling by pyrolysis and combustion in which the pyrolysis gases are passed untreated into a fuel gas reactor charged with pyrolysis coke, cracked therein and burned as a mixture with the reactor gas, for example in a gas engine.
  • the pyrolysis drum is heated with the exhaust gases from the gas engine.
  • the device is a modification of, for example, the spill generator, in order to use waste as fuel and to convert the carbonization gases into a composition that is more suitable for engine operation.
  • the invention aims to operate the waste recycling energetically cheaper, especially so that for the support no or only a small amount of oil or natural gas is required.
  • This object is achieved in that the auxiliary heating which supports the combustion of the garbage is carried out at least partly by combustion of the gas obtained in the pyrolysis and the heat required for the pyrolysis is supplied by the flue gas of the combustion.
  • the invention is based on the knowledge that the flue gas temperatures of a waste incineration chamber are sufficiently high for the pyrolysis process and that the combustion of pyrolysis gas results in sufficient temperatures for an auxiliary burner.
  • thermal part of a waste recycling plant is shown using an arrangement diagram as an example.
  • the waste recycling plant consists of a pyrolysis plant 1 with a pyrolysis reactor 1 a configured as a rotatable drum and a device 1 b composed of a condenser and gas scrubber units, so-called 'pyrolysis gas escaping from this device.
  • the clean gas outlet 3 is connected to an auxiliary burner 4 of an incinerator 5.
  • the pyrolysis reactor 1a and a waste heat boiler 10 are located between the flue gas outlet 6 of the incineration plant 5 and the secondary preheater 7. In the secondary preheater 7, the combustion air 8 is heated by the flue gases which are drawn off through the chimney 9.
  • the arrow directions refer to the gaseous media;
  • the dashed arrows indicate the liquid or solid flows on the one hand of the pyrolysis plant 1 and on the other hand of the incineration plant 5.
  • the approximately 1200 ° C hot flue gases of the flame chamber of the combustion system 5 are fed via the channel 6 to the pyrolysis reactor 1a, in the case of said drum design of which it is first of all supplied to an internally arranged radiant heater surface and then the outside of the drum jacket.
  • the process temperature for the pyrolysis material is of the order of 500-700 ° C.
  • the flue gases emerging from the pyrolysis reactor are cooled to chimney temperature in the waste heat boiler 10 and secondary preheater 7.
  • the drawn and structurally simplest arrangement scheme applies to the ideal case of a balanced energy balance, in which the amount of pyrolysis gas generated corresponds exactly to the supporting heat requirement of the incineration plant 5.
  • this waste can be sufficiently exothermic that there is an excess of pyrolysis gas.
  • a gas storage container (not shown) should be present on the channel 3, which is dimensioned at least for the start and peak buffering.
  • the auxiliary burner 4 can be a burner of a group, the remaining burners of which are operated with oil or gas in a controller-controlled manner.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
  • Incineration Of Waste (AREA)

Abstract

In a method for thermal exploitation of refuses, gas obtained by pyrolysis is used as an additional make-up fuel and the combustion gas are used as heating means for effecting the pyrolysis. The plant for implementing this method comprises a make-up burner (4) fed with the gas obtained in the section (1) effecting the pyrolysis. The pyrolysis reactor (1a) is included between the combustion gas outlet of the burning plant (5) and a boiler (10).

Description

Verfahren zur thermischen Müllverwertung und Anlage zur Durchführung des Verfahrens Process for thermal waste recycling and installation for carrying out the process
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren für den thermischen Teil der Müllverwertung durch Verbrennung und Pyrolyse des Mülls sowie den für die Durchführung des Verfahrens geeigneten Teil einer Müllverwertungsanlage. Bei derartigen Verfahren ist es bekannt, die in ein und derselben Müllverwertungsanlage vorhandenen Einrichtungen, nämlich die Verbrennungsanlage und die Pyrolyseanlage völlig getrennt anzuordnen und zu betreiben. Die Stützbrenner der Verbrennungsanläge, die mit öl oder Erdgas befeuert werden und als Gruppenaggregate reglergesteuert zuschaltbar sind, besorgen den Start der Verbrennungsanlage und sind während des stationären Betriebes der Anlage nur soweit in Betrieb, wie es die momentane Brennfähigkeit des Mülls zur Aufrechterhaltung einer möglichst konstanten Verbrennungstemperatur erfordert. Anderenteils wird die Pyrolyseanlage mit dem nach Entzug der wiederverwertbaren großmolekularen Bestandteile übrigbleibenden Pyrolysereingas beheizt.The invention relates to a method for the thermal part of waste recycling by incineration and pyrolysis of the waste, and to the part of a waste recycling system suitable for carrying out the method. In such processes, it is known to arrange and operate the facilities in one and the same waste recycling plant, namely the incineration plant and the pyrolysis plant, completely separately. The auxiliary burners of the incineration plants, which are fired with oil or natural gas and can be switched on as group-controlled units, ensure the start of the incineration plant and are only in operation during the stationary operation of the plant to the extent that the current combustibility of the waste to maintain the combustion temperature as constant as possible required. On the other hand, the pyrolysis plant is heated with the pyrolysis gas remaining after removal of the recyclable large-molecular components.
Ferner ist ein Verfahren zur thermischen Müllverwertung durch Pyrolyse und Verbrennung bekannt, bei dem die Pyrolysegase unbehandelt in einen mit Pyrolysekoks beschickten Brenngasreaktor geführt, darin geσrackt und als Gemisch mit dem Reaktorgas etwa in einem Gasmotor verbrannt werden. Die Pyrolysetrommel wird mit den Abgasen des Gasmotors beheizt. Die Einrichtung ist eine Abwandlung etwa des Kolzgenerators, um als Brennstoff Müll zu verwenden und um die Schwelgase in eine für den Motorbetrieb geeignetere Zusammensetzung umzuwandeln.Furthermore, a process for thermal waste recycling by pyrolysis and combustion is known, in which the pyrolysis gases are passed untreated into a fuel gas reactor charged with pyrolysis coke, cracked therein and burned as a mixture with the reactor gas, for example in a gas engine. The pyrolysis drum is heated with the exhaust gases from the gas engine. The device is a modification of, for example, the spill generator, in order to use waste as fuel and to convert the carbonization gases into a composition that is more suitable for engine operation.
Die Erfindung bezweckt, die Müllverwertung energetisch günstiger zu betreiben, insbesondere so, daß für die Stütz brenner kein oder nur eine geringe Menge Öl oder Erdgas benötigt wird. Diese Aufgabe wird dadurch gelöst, daß die die Verbrennung des Mülls stützende Zusatzbeheizung zumindest teilweise durch Verbrennung des in der Pyrolyse anfallenden Gases erfolgt und die für die Pyrolyse notwendige Wärme vom Rauchgas der Verbrennung geliefert wird. Die Erfindung beruht auf der Erkenntnis, daß die Rauchgastemperaturen einer Müllverbrennungskammer für das Pyrolyseverfahren ausreichend hoch sind und die Verbrennung von Pyrolysereingas für einen Stützbrenner ausreichende Temperaturen ergibt.The invention aims to operate the waste recycling energetically cheaper, especially so that for the support no or only a small amount of oil or natural gas is required. This object is achieved in that the auxiliary heating which supports the combustion of the garbage is carried out at least partly by combustion of the gas obtained in the pyrolysis and the heat required for the pyrolysis is supplied by the flue gas of the combustion. The invention is based on the knowledge that the flue gas temperatures of a waste incineration chamber are sufficiently high for the pyrolysis process and that the combustion of pyrolysis gas results in sufficient temperatures for an auxiliary burner.
In der Zeichnung ist der thermische Teil einer Müllverwertungsanlage an einem AnordnungsSchema als Beispiel dargestellt.In the drawing, the thermal part of a waste recycling plant is shown using an arrangement diagram as an example.
Die Müllverwertungsanlage nach der Zeichnung besteht aus einer Pyrolyseanlage 1 mit einem etwa als drehbare Trommel ausgebildeten Pyrolysereaktor 1a und einer sich aus Kondensator und Gaswäschereinheiten zusammensetzenden Einrichtung 1b, wobei aus dieser Einrichtung sogenanntes' Pyrolysereingas austritt. Der Reingasaustritt 3 ist mit einem Stützbrenner 4 einer Verbrennungsanlage 5 verbunden. Zwischen dem Rauchgasaustritt 6 der Verbrennungsanlage 5 und dem Nachschaltvorwärmer 7 liegt der Pyrolysereaktor 1a und ein Abhitzkessel 10. In dem Nachschaltvorwärmer 7 wird die Verbrennungsluft 8 durch die Rauchgase erwärmt, die durch den Schornstein 9 abziehen.The waste recycling plant according to the drawing consists of a pyrolysis plant 1 with a pyrolysis reactor 1 a configured as a rotatable drum and a device 1 b composed of a condenser and gas scrubber units, so-called 'pyrolysis gas escaping from this device. The clean gas outlet 3 is connected to an auxiliary burner 4 of an incinerator 5. The pyrolysis reactor 1a and a waste heat boiler 10 are located between the flue gas outlet 6 of the incineration plant 5 and the secondary preheater 7. In the secondary preheater 7, the combustion air 8 is heated by the flue gases which are drawn off through the chimney 9.
Die Pfeilrichtungen beziehen sich auf die gasförmigen Medien; die gestrichelt gezeichneten Pfeile bezeichnen die Flüssigkeits- bzw. Feststoffströme einmal der Pyrolyseanlage 1 und zum anderen der Verbrennungsanlage 5.The arrow directions refer to the gaseous media; The dashed arrows indicate the liquid or solid flows on the one hand of the pyrolysis plant 1 and on the other hand of the incineration plant 5.
Die etwa 1200 ºC heißen Rauchgase der Flammenkammer der Verbrennungsanlage 5 werden über den Kanal 6 dem Pyrolysereaktor 1a zugeführt, bei der besagten Trommelausführung desselben etwa zuerst einer innen angeordneten Strahlungsheiz fläche und dann außen dem Trommelmantel. Die Prozeßtemperatur für das Pyrolysegut liegt in der Größenordnung von 500 - 700 ºC. Die aus dem Pyrolysereaktor austretenden Rauchgase werden in dem Abhitzkessel 10 und Nachschaltvorwärmer 7 auf Schornsteintemperatur abgekühlt.The approximately 1200 ° C hot flue gases of the flame chamber of the combustion system 5 are fed via the channel 6 to the pyrolysis reactor 1a, in the case of said drum design of which it is first of all supplied to an internally arranged radiant heater surface and then the outside of the drum jacket. The process temperature for the pyrolysis material is of the order of 500-700 ° C. The flue gases emerging from the pyrolysis reactor are cooled to chimney temperature in the waste heat boiler 10 and secondary preheater 7.
Das gezeichnete und baulich einfachste AnordnungsSchema gilt für den Idealfall des ausgeglichenen Energiehaushaltes, bei dem die anfallende Menge an Pyrolysereingas genau dem StützWärmebedarf der Verbrennungsanlage 5 entspricht. Je nach Art des in einem bestimmten Zeitpunkt zur Verbrennung kommenden Mülls kann dieser Müll ausreichend exotherm sein, so daß ein Überschuß an Pyrolysereingas besteht. Demgemäß sollte an dem Kanal 3 ein nicht gezeichneter GasSpeicherbehälter vorhanden sein, der mengenmäßig zumindest für die Start- und Spitzenauspufferung bemessen ist. Für den Fall der Verbrennung endothermer Abfallschlätnme kann der Stützbrenner 4 ein Brenner einer Gruppe sein, deren übrige Brenner reglergesteuert mit öl oder Gas betrieben werden.The drawn and structurally simplest arrangement scheme applies to the ideal case of a balanced energy balance, in which the amount of pyrolysis gas generated corresponds exactly to the supporting heat requirement of the incineration plant 5. Depending on the type of waste to be incinerated at a certain point in time, this waste can be sufficiently exothermic that there is an excess of pyrolysis gas. Accordingly, a gas storage container (not shown) should be present on the channel 3, which is dimensioned at least for the start and peak buffering. In the event of combustion of endothermic waste sludge, the auxiliary burner 4 can be a burner of a group, the remaining burners of which are operated with oil or gas in a controller-controlled manner.
Bei der Müllverwertung kann es andererseits vorkommen, daß die Pyrolyseanlage oder die Verbrennungsanlage zeitweise stillstehen. Die beiden Anlagenkomponenten sind daher so gestaltet, daß sie in herkömmlicher Weise auch getrennt betreibbar sind. On the other hand, when recycling waste, it can happen that the pyrolysis plant or the incineration plant comes to a standstill. The two system components are therefore designed so that they can also be operated separately in a conventional manner.

Claims

Patentansprüche Claims
1. Verfahren zur thermischen Müllverwertung durch Verbrennung und Pyrolyse, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Reingase der Pyrolyse zur stützenden Beheizung der Verbrennung und die Rauchgase der Verbrennung zur Beheizung der Pyrolyse verwendet werden.1. A method for thermal waste utilization by combustion and pyrolysis, characterized in that the pure gases of the pyrolysis are used for supporting heating of the combustion and the flue gases of the combustion for heating the pyrolysis.
2. Müllverwertungsanlage mit einer Pyrolyseanlage und einer mit einem Stützbrenner versehenen Verbrennungsanlage, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Reingasaustritt (3) der Pyrolyseanläge (1) mit dem Stützbrenner (4) der Verbrennungsanlage (5) verbunden ist, und daß der Pyrolysereaktor (la) zwischen dem Rauchgasaustritt (6) der Verbrennungsanlage und einem Abhitzekessel (10) oder dergleichen angeordnet ist.2. Waste recycling plant with a pyrolysis plant and a combustion plant provided with a support burner, characterized in that the clean gas outlet (3) of the pyrolysis plant (1) is connected to the support burner (4) of the combustion plant (5), and that the pyrolysis reactor (la) between the flue gas outlet (6) of the incinerator and a waste heat boiler (10) or the like is arranged.
3. Müllverwertungsanlage nach Anspruch 2,. dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in der Verbindung zwischen Reingasaustritt (3) und dem Stützbrenner (4) ein Speicherbehälter für das Reingas angeordnet ist. 3. Waste treatment plant according to claim 2. characterized in that a storage container for the clean gas is arranged in the connection between the clean gas outlet (3) and the auxiliary burner (4).
PCT/DE1982/000013 1981-01-22 1982-01-21 Thermal exploitation of refuses and plant for implementing such method WO1982002585A1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE8282900303T DE3260167D1 (en) 1981-01-22 1982-01-21 Thermal exploitation of refuse and plant for implementing such method
AT82900303T ATE7625T1 (en) 1981-01-22 1982-01-21 PROCESS FOR THERMAL WASTE RECYCLING AND PLANT FOR CARRYING OUT THE PROCESS.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19813101961 DE3101961A1 (en) 1981-01-22 1981-01-22 METHOD FOR THERMAL WASTE RECYCLING AND SYSTEM FOR IMPLEMENTING THE METHOD
DE3101961810122 1981-01-22

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WO1982002585A1 true WO1982002585A1 (en) 1982-08-05

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PCT/DE1982/000013 WO1982002585A1 (en) 1981-01-22 1982-01-21 Thermal exploitation of refuses and plant for implementing such method

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US (1) US4485745A (en)
EP (1) EP0069752B1 (en)
CA (1) CA1193917A (en)
DE (2) DE3101961A1 (en)
WO (1) WO1982002585A1 (en)

Cited By (3)

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EP0141932A2 (en) * 1983-08-25 1985-05-22 Klöckner-Humboldt-Deutz Aktiengesellschaft Method and apparatus for the pollutant-free disposal of noxious and waste materials with a low calorific value, esp. refuse, by burning
FR2581380A1 (en) * 1985-02-15 1986-11-07 Skf Steel Eng Ab DESTRUCTION OF WASTE
EP0482306A2 (en) * 1990-10-20 1992-04-29 Hoval Interliz Ag Method and device for the combustion of wood chips generating fumes low in noxious substances under continuously controllable firing power

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LU85980A1 (en) * 1985-06-28 1987-01-13 Alpha Foundation PROCESS AND PLANT FOR THE INCINERATION OF FUELS
US4766823A (en) * 1986-03-21 1988-08-30 Seabury Samuel W System for and method of producing a beneficiated fuel
US4745868A (en) * 1986-03-21 1988-05-24 Seabury Samuel W System for and method of producing a beneficiated fuel
DE3626106A1 (en) * 1986-08-01 1988-02-11 Babcock Anlagen Ag DEVICE FOR PYROLYSIS OF WASTE
US4913069A (en) * 1989-03-17 1990-04-03 Surface Combustion, Inc. Batch pyrolysis system
US5040972A (en) * 1990-02-07 1991-08-20 Systech Environmental Corporation Pyrolyzer-kiln system
AT403772B (en) * 1996-08-27 1998-05-25 Holderbank Financ Glarus METHOD FOR PROCESSING WASTE AND DEVICE FOR IMPLEMENTING THIS METHOD
US5782188A (en) * 1996-09-25 1998-07-21 Evans; Marvin Pyrolytic combustion apparatus and method
US6202577B1 (en) * 1999-12-09 2001-03-20 Anatoly Boguslavsky Method and apparatus for treating refuse
US6807916B2 (en) * 2002-09-25 2004-10-26 Continental Cement Company, Llc Integrated pyrolysis systems and methods
ATE517292T1 (en) * 2004-06-10 2011-08-15 Scoutech S R L METHOD AND DEVICE FOR THE HIGH TEMPERATURE TREATMENT OF FLAMMABLE MATERIAL, IN PARTICULAR WASTE
CN104807014B (en) * 2015-04-20 2017-06-23 华南农业大学 Harmless treatment device is incinerated in a kind of livestock and poultry pyrolysis

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WO1980001713A1 (en) * 1979-02-09 1980-08-21 R Honigsbaum Smoke-incinerating woodstove

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0141932A2 (en) * 1983-08-25 1985-05-22 Klöckner-Humboldt-Deutz Aktiengesellschaft Method and apparatus for the pollutant-free disposal of noxious and waste materials with a low calorific value, esp. refuse, by burning
EP0141932A3 (en) * 1983-08-25 1986-11-26 Klöckner-Humboldt-Deutz Aktiengesellschaft Method and apparatus for the pollutant-free disposal of noxious and waste materials with a low calorific value, esp. refuse, by burning
FR2581380A1 (en) * 1985-02-15 1986-11-07 Skf Steel Eng Ab DESTRUCTION OF WASTE
EP0482306A2 (en) * 1990-10-20 1992-04-29 Hoval Interliz Ag Method and device for the combustion of wood chips generating fumes low in noxious substances under continuously controllable firing power
EP0482306A3 (en) * 1990-10-20 1992-11-19 Hoval Interliz Ag Method and device for the combustion of wood chips generating fumes low in noxious substances under continuously controllable firing power

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0069752A1 (en) 1983-01-19
EP0069752B1 (en) 1984-05-23
DE3101961A1 (en) 1982-09-02
US4485745A (en) 1984-12-04
CA1193917A (en) 1985-09-24
DE3260167D1 (en) 1984-06-28

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