WO1982000485A1 - Method for producing a high quality,water absorbent,cellulosic sheet having high surface-perceived softness - Google Patents

Method for producing a high quality,water absorbent,cellulosic sheet having high surface-perceived softness Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1982000485A1
WO1982000485A1 PCT/US1981/001046 US8101046W WO8200485A1 WO 1982000485 A1 WO1982000485 A1 WO 1982000485A1 US 8101046 W US8101046 W US 8101046W WO 8200485 A1 WO8200485 A1 WO 8200485A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
web
sheet
treated
level
chemical bonding
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1981/001046
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English (en)
Inventor
Y Lim
Original Assignee
Y Lim
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Y Lim filed Critical Y Lim
Publication of WO1982000485A1 publication Critical patent/WO1982000485A1/en

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H25/00—After-treatment of paper not provided for in groups D21H17/00 - D21H23/00
    • D21H25/005—Mechanical treatment
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
    • D21F11/00—Processes for making continuous lengths of paper, or of cardboard, or of wet web for fibre board production, on paper-making machines
    • D21F11/14—Making cellulose wadding, filter or blotting paper
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
    • D21H17/03—Non-macromolecular organic compounds
    • D21H17/05—Non-macromolecular organic compounds containing elements other than carbon and hydrogen only
    • D21H17/14—Carboxylic acids; Derivatives thereof

Definitions

  • This invention is directed to a method for producing a highly absorbent cellulosic sheet having excellent over-all quality and a high level of surface- perceived softness, respectively, which is capable of being employed in high softness grades of tissue and towel.
  • U. S. 3,844,880 to Meisel et al.; and U. S. 3,903,342 to Roberts et al., respectively, describe the addition of materials such as the above mentioned debonding agents to an aqueous slurry of cellulosic fibers to minimize hydrogen bonding in an attempt to increase softness.
  • the above chemical debonding agents comprise surfactants such as those described in the Hervey et al. U. S. patents, Nos . 3,554,862; 3,554,863; and 3,395,708.
  • the subject invention contemplates treating the cellulose fibers in the formed web with a chemical bonding inhibitor having an acidic pH. More specifically, the cellulosic web immediately after formation preferably has an initial pH of not less than about 6.0, and preferably not less than about 6.5, and more preferably not less than about 7.0. At least one surface of the web is treated with the chemical bonding inhibitor, and the pH of the treated web immediately after the treatment step is not more than about 5.0, and preferably not more than about 4.5, and more preferably not more than about 4..0, and most preferably not more than about 3.0.
  • a method for producing a highly absorbent, cellulosic sheet which exhibits excellent over-all quality and a high degree of surface-perceived softness.
  • a schematic drawing depicting a process configuration is set forth in FIGURE 1.
  • an aqueous furnish including cellulose papermaking fibers is initially formed.
  • the cellulosic fibers have undergone some degree of lignin modification, such as at least partial chemical treatment, to produce materials such as chemimechanical pulp, semichemical pulp, chemical pulp, or mixtures thereof.
  • lignin modification such as at least partial chemical treatment
  • Suitable materials from which the above cellulose fibers can be derived include the usual species of coniferous and deciduous pulpwood, the cellulosic components being preferably produced from coniferous pulpwood because of its greater fiber length.
  • the aqueous furnish is transported to a headbox 2 at a level sufficient to permit the formation of a substantially dry sheet upon completion of the hereinafter described dewatering and thermal drying steps , respectively, without requiring further drying thereof subsequent to creping.
  • the consistency of the aqueous furnish used in forming the subject wet web is desirably maintained at a level of from about 0.05% by weight, and more preferably from about 0.1% by weight, based on the total weight of cellulosic fibers in the aqueous furnish, up to a pre- ferred consistency of about 1.0% by weight, and more 5 preferably up to about 0.75% by weight.
  • a wet web 1 is then formed by deposition of the aqueous furnish onto a web forming means 3 , typically a conventional papermaking system including a foraminous conveying means 4 such as a Fourdrinier wire, Stevens former, or the like.
  • a foraminous conveying means 4 such as a Fourdrinier wire, Stevens former, or the like.
  • Dewatering of the wet web is then provided prior to the thermal drying operation typically employing a nonthermal dewatering means 5.
  • the nonthermal dewatering step is usually accomplished by various means for imparting mechanical compaction to the web 1 such as vacuum boxes, slot boxes, coacting press rolls, or combinations thereof.
  • the wet web 1 is de watered by subjecting same to a series of vacuum boxes and/or slot boxes, as shown in FIGURE 1. Thereafter, the web is further dewatered by subjecting same to the compressive forces exerted by nonthermal dewatering means such as, for example, a pair of rolls, followed by a pressure roll coacting with a thermal drying means .
  • the wet web 1 is carried by the foraminous conveying means 4 through the nonthermal dewatering means 5, where it is dewatered to a consistency of at least about 5%, preferably at least 10%, and more preferably at least 15%, up to a consistency of preferably about 50%, and more preferably up to about 45%, and most preferably up to about 35%.
  • the cellulosic web formed, as described above preferably has an initial pH of at least about 6 in order to minimize corrosion problems which can occur with respect to the foraminous conveying means, as well as other portions of the papermaking equipment if the pH per se is too low. More preferably, the initial pH of the web is maintained at a level, as previously described.
  • the wet web 1 prior to the thermal drying step is treated with an acidic chemical material 6 , which inhibits the formation of papermaking bonds between adjacent cellulosic fibers.
  • an acidic chemical material 6 which inhibits the formation of papermaking bonds between adjacent cellulosic fibers.
  • this chemical bonding inhibitor per se is a "chemical debonding agent" .
  • these materials are well-known in the prior art, and are preferably substantially cationic in nature. Examples of suitable chemical bonding inhibitor materials include Quaker 2001 (Quaker Chemical) , Ceranine HCS (Sandoz) , Leomin KP (Hoechst AG) , and Amasoft-PM (American Color and Chemical) .
  • the bonding inhibitor 6 employed for treatment of the web is provided at a treatment level which is sufficient to minimize the formation of the above described hydrogen bonds, but less than an amount which would cause significant runnability and sheet strength problems in the final commercial product.
  • the amount of acid chemical bonding inhibitor 6 employed, on a 100% active basis is preferably from about 0.5 pound per ton (1 kg/tonne) of cellulose pulp, up to about 15 pounds per ton (30 kg/tonne) of cellulose pulp. However, a more preferred addition of from about 1 pound (2 kg) , up to about 10 pounds (20 kg) , of chemical bonding inhibitor per ton (tonne) of cellulose pulp can be employed.
  • Treatment of the wet web with the bonding inhibitor material can be accomplished by various means.
  • the treatment step can comprise spraying, applying with a direct contact applicator means or by employing an applicator felt.
  • the preferred method of application is by spraying the web such as by employing spray header 6a, at various points prior to thermal drying means 8 (see FIGURE 1) .
  • the adjustment of the pH of the web is localized at a given point of treatment, as opposed to having the web adjusted to the desired acidic pH level in the headbox.
  • the pH of the chemical bonding inhibitor 6 is adjusted to a pH level, prior to treatment therewith, which will facilitate the requisite minimum pH of the treated web at a level within the previously set forth pH limits.
  • the pH of the web is first adjusted to a prescribed level and thereafter the sheet is treated with the chemical bonding inhibitor.
  • the acidity level of the bonding inhibitor material 6 can be adjusted employing numerous materials capable of performing that function. However, organic acids such as formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid and benzoic acid, and inorganic acids such as hydro- chloric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid and nitric acid, or salts thereof, are preferred. Of the above acidic materials, however, sulfuric acid is the most preferred.
  • the surface treated web la is then applied to the surface 7 of the.rmal drying means 8, preferably a thermal drying cylinder such as a Yankee drying cylinder, employing preferably an adhesive to supplement the adhesion process.
  • a thermal drying cylinder such as a Yankee drying cylinder
  • typical adhesive compounds which may be used include carboxymethyl cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, anionic starch, various soluble natural polymers such as gums and the like, and synthetic resins such as polyamide resins, and the like.
  • Adhesion of the treated web la to the cylinder surface 7 is preferably facilitated by the mechanical compressive action exerted thereon, generally using one or more press rolls 9 , which form a nip in combination with the.rmal drying means 8 and which brings the web into more uniform contact with the thermal drying surface 7.
  • the web is then dried on the thermal drying surface preferably to a consistency of at least abour 92%, and more preferably to a consistency of at least about 97%.
  • the creping means 11 then removes the dried, creped sheet 20 from the thermal drying surface, the creping action disrupting bonds between respective fibers and causing a softening effect to be imparted to the sheet.
  • the creping means is a doctor blade which crepes and removes the sheet from the thermal drying surface.
  • Sheet 20 has a high degree of bulk softness .
  • "Bulk softness” is measured by conducting a Handle-O-Meter test (HOM) according to TAPPI T-498.
  • HOM Handle-O-Meter test
  • the bulk softness (reciprocal of stiffness) of a given sheet is then calculated by dividing the HOM value by the square of the caliper of a given single sheet being tested, the quotient thereof being multiplied by 10 .
  • HOM/ (Caliper) 2 x 10 5 is preferably not more than about 1.0, and more preferably not more than about 0.8, and most preferably not more than about 0.6.
  • the basis weight of a given sheet is determined according to TAPPI test number T-410.
  • the basis weight of the sheet produced by the subject method can, in general, range from about 5 pounds per 3,000 square feet (118.8 kg/3000 2 ) , and preferably from about 8 pounds per 3,000 square feet (190.1 kg per 3000 2 ), up to about 50 pounds per 3,000 square feet (1180 kg/3000 2 ) , and preferably up to about 40 pounds per 3,000 square feet (950.4 kg per 3000 2 ).
  • Each sheet must have enough structural integrity so that it will be capable of being manufactured without being damaged.
  • a measure of the structural integrity of a sheet is breaking length. This procedure is run according to TAPPI T-222, except that in stead of a 15-millimeter-wide sample strip, a one-inch
  • the BL avg of a sheet is then calculated after the tensile strength of the sample in the machine direction (MD) and cross-machine direction (CMD) , respectively, is determined, using the following equation:
  • MD machine direction
  • CMD cross-machine direction
  • the BL aVg of preferably at least about 150 meters, and more preferably at least about 250 meters is provided.
  • the creped sheet has too high a BLavg value, it will be too harsh to the feel and, therefore, unacceptable to the consumer.
  • the BL avg be not more than about 450 meters, and more preferably not greater than about 400 meters.
  • the water absorbency parameter is expressed as the number of seconds it takes for a single sheet (4.5 inches by 4.5 inches) (11.43 cm by 11.43 cm) to absorb 0.1 cc of water, the test being described in TAPPI T-432.
  • an unexpected increase in the absorben-cy will result.
  • an increase in water absorbency of at least about 50% , and more preferably at least 100%, and most preferably at least 150% can be provided.
  • EXAMPLE 1 A series of three experiments (A-C) was conducted, employing a paper machine having a configuration set out in FIGURE 1.
  • a chemical bonding inhibitor material namely, Quaker 2001, a cationic quaternary ammonium compound produced by Quaker Chemical Company, at a pH of 5.48 was sprayed on the formed web at a consistency of about 10%.
  • Experiments 3 and C 25 and 50 ml of a 10% solution of sulfuric acid was added to 4 gallons
  • the over-all quality and surface-perceived softness, respectively, of a cellulose sheet are subjectively determined to a great extent by the hand feel as discerned by the ultimate consumer. Objective testing of the sheets in question are a measure of these properties and cannot totally act as a substitute for such a subjective determination. Therefore, the over-all quality and surface-perceived softness of sheets such as those produced by the method of this invention can best be subjectively determined by polling randomly selected respondents who have compared cellulosic sheets prepared by various methods, including the subject method. More specifically, four sheets prepared in substantially the same manner, except for pH of the chemical bonding inhibitor employed, were compared.
  • Each of the four sheets was then rated by a group of ten respondents with respect to over-all quality and surface-perceived softness .
  • An average over-all quality and surface-perceived softness for each of the sheets tested was then determined by adding the total points received for each of the sheets tested from a given respondent and dividing that total by ten, i.e., the total number of respondents.
  • An over-all quality factor and surface-perceived scftness factor for sheets produced by the subject invention were then determined by dividing the average over-all quality, or the average surface-perceived softness, for the subject sheet by the comparable average value of the sheet, using a chemical bonding inhibitor per se.
  • a series of four experimental sheets, including the three cellulosic sheet products described in Example 1 (Nos. A-C) were tested, and an average overall quality factor and an average surface-perceived softness factor for each were determined.
  • the sheets produced by the method of this invention have an over-all quality factor and a surface-perceived softness factor of preferably at least about 1.5, and more preferably at least about 2.0, and most preferably at least about 2.5.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)

Abstract

Procede de production d'une feuille de cellulose (20) pouvant etre utilisee dans des mouchoirs et des serviettes de haute qualite et ayant d'excellentes proprietes d'absorption de l'eau et tres douce en surface. Le procede comprend les etapes de formation d'une bande de cellulose (1), le traitement de cette bande avec un inhibiteur de liaison chimique (6) pour que le pH de la bande, apres traitement, ne depasse pas 5,0 environ, puis le crepage et le sechage de la bande traitee. La feuille (20) produite par cette methode possede un facteur de qualite et un facteur de douceur sensible en surface, respectivement, d'au moins 1,5 environ.
PCT/US1981/001046 1980-08-07 1981-08-03 Method for producing a high quality,water absorbent,cellulosic sheet having high surface-perceived softness WO1982000485A1 (en)

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US17622580A 1980-08-07 1980-08-07

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EP (1) EP0057212A1 (fr)
CA (1) CA1159694A (fr)
WO (1) WO1982000485A1 (fr)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0184603A1 (fr) * 1984-12-07 1986-06-18 Korsnäs-Marma Ab Procédé de préparation d'une pâte duvet
US4795530A (en) * 1985-11-05 1989-01-03 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Process for making soft, strong cellulosic sheet and products made thereby
US4992140A (en) * 1989-04-06 1991-02-12 Scott Paper Company Method for creping a paper web and product produced thereby
US5059282A (en) * 1988-06-14 1991-10-22 The Procter & Gamble Company Soft tissue paper
US5164046A (en) * 1989-01-19 1992-11-17 The Procter & Gamble Company Method for making soft tissue paper using polysiloxane compound
US5227242A (en) * 1989-02-24 1993-07-13 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Multifunctional facial tissue
US5399241A (en) * 1993-10-01 1995-03-21 James River Corporation Of Virginia Soft strong towel and tissue paper
US5730839A (en) * 1995-07-21 1998-03-24 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Method of creping tissue webs containing a softener using a closed creping pocket

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1986291A (en) * 1933-11-23 1935-01-01 Brown Co Manufacture of absorbent waterlaid webs of felted fiber
US2032645A (en) * 1933-08-18 1936-03-03 Northern Paper Mills Absorbent paper product and process of producing the same
US2683088A (en) * 1952-06-10 1954-07-06 American Cyanamid Co Soft bibulous sheet
US2940890A (en) * 1956-06-25 1960-06-14 Kimberly Clark Co Treatment of cellulosic pulps
GB852678A (en) * 1958-03-18 1960-10-26 Canadian Aniline And Extract C Pulp production using non-ionic surface active agents
DE2314060A1 (de) * 1973-03-21 1974-10-10 Honshu Paper Co Ltd Oberflaechenaktive substanz

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2032645A (en) * 1933-08-18 1936-03-03 Northern Paper Mills Absorbent paper product and process of producing the same
US1986291A (en) * 1933-11-23 1935-01-01 Brown Co Manufacture of absorbent waterlaid webs of felted fiber
US2683088A (en) * 1952-06-10 1954-07-06 American Cyanamid Co Soft bibulous sheet
US2940890A (en) * 1956-06-25 1960-06-14 Kimberly Clark Co Treatment of cellulosic pulps
GB852678A (en) * 1958-03-18 1960-10-26 Canadian Aniline And Extract C Pulp production using non-ionic surface active agents
DE2314060A1 (de) * 1973-03-21 1974-10-10 Honshu Paper Co Ltd Oberflaechenaktive substanz

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0184603A1 (fr) * 1984-12-07 1986-06-18 Korsnäs-Marma Ab Procédé de préparation d'une pâte duvet
US4795530A (en) * 1985-11-05 1989-01-03 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Process for making soft, strong cellulosic sheet and products made thereby
US5059282A (en) * 1988-06-14 1991-10-22 The Procter & Gamble Company Soft tissue paper
US5164046A (en) * 1989-01-19 1992-11-17 The Procter & Gamble Company Method for making soft tissue paper using polysiloxane compound
US5227242A (en) * 1989-02-24 1993-07-13 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Multifunctional facial tissue
US4992140A (en) * 1989-04-06 1991-02-12 Scott Paper Company Method for creping a paper web and product produced thereby
US5399241A (en) * 1993-10-01 1995-03-21 James River Corporation Of Virginia Soft strong towel and tissue paper
US5730839A (en) * 1995-07-21 1998-03-24 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Method of creping tissue webs containing a softener using a closed creping pocket

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0057212A1 (fr) 1982-08-11
CA1159694A (fr) 1984-01-03

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