WO1980001494A1 - Commande de porte a force lineaire - Google Patents

Commande de porte a force lineaire Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1980001494A1
WO1980001494A1 PCT/US1979/000031 US7900031W WO8001494A1 WO 1980001494 A1 WO1980001494 A1 WO 1980001494A1 US 7900031 W US7900031 W US 7900031W WO 8001494 A1 WO8001494 A1 WO 8001494A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
door
operator
output shaft
open
axis
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1979/000031
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
K Daugirdas
S Elguindy
Original Assignee
Vapor Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Vapor Corp filed Critical Vapor Corp
Priority to PCT/US1979/000031 priority Critical patent/WO1980001494A1/fr
Priority to DE19792953493 priority patent/DE2953493A1/de
Publication of WO1980001494A1 publication Critical patent/WO1980001494A1/fr
Priority to EP19790901104 priority patent/EP0023203A4/fr

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
    • E05F15/00—Power-operated mechanisms for wings
    • E05F15/60—Power-operated mechanisms for wings using electrical actuators
    • E05F15/603—Power-operated mechanisms for wings using electrical actuators using rotary electromotors
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
    • E05F15/00—Power-operated mechanisms for wings
    • E05F15/50—Power-operated mechanisms for wings using fluid-pressure actuators
    • E05F15/56—Power-operated mechanisms for wings using fluid-pressure actuators for horizontally-sliding wings
    • E05F15/565—Power-operated mechanisms for wings using fluid-pressure actuators for horizontally-sliding wings for railway-cars
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
    • E05F15/00—Power-operated mechanisms for wings
    • E05F15/60—Power-operated mechanisms for wings using electrical actuators
    • E05F15/603—Power-operated mechanisms for wings using electrical actuators using rotary electromotors
    • E05F15/632—Power-operated mechanisms for wings using electrical actuators using rotary electromotors for horizontally-sliding wings
    • E05F15/649—Power-operated mechanisms for wings using electrical actuators using rotary electromotors for horizontally-sliding wings operated by swinging arms
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2900/00—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof
    • E05Y2900/50—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof for vehicles
    • E05Y2900/51—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof for vehicles for railway cars or mass transit vehicles
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2900/00—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof
    • E05Y2900/50—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof for vehicles
    • E05Y2900/53—Type of wing
    • E05Y2900/531—Doors

Definitions

  • This application is a continuation-in-part of our co-pending application Serial No. 794,842, filed May 9, 1977.
  • This invention relates in general to an apparatus for driving doors between open and closed positions in a vehicle or a building, and more particularly to a door operator capable of producing a substantially linear static output force along essentially the entire door travel.
  • the present invention is particularly concerned with the operation of doors on railroad passenger cars, and particu ⁇ larly sliding doors arranged between interconnected passenger cars to provide automatic door operation for passenger traffic between the cars. It is therefore important to safe- guard passengers using such doors against injury.
  • Such door operators are preferably passenger actuated for opening and automatically actuated for closing although totally automatic operation initiated at a 'remote location is also contemplated. Further, such operators must have provisions for sensing an obstruction to prevent injury of a passenger that may be in the path of a closing door.
  • the door operator of the present invention utilizes a unique series wound motor and a unique linkage arrangement.
  • Door operators heretofore known using series wound motors and conventional four bar linkages are objectionable under present day standards in that they produce an unacceptable closing buildup or stall force near the end of the closing cycle when the door edge approaches its complimentary closure member. These forces, as will be shown, are appreciable and can be injurious or can "trap" an appendage of a passenger's body or clothing.
  • the stall force at the beginning of the closing cylce is at a high level.
  • the present invention eliminates this buildup and provides a substantially linear stall force to the door during nearly the entire closing cycle.
  • An additional problem encountered in power door design involves the need for a drive motor having dynamic charac ⁇ teristics which produce door operation in a predetermined time without excessive velocity and force peaks.
  • Ordinary design methods do not sufficiently consider inertial factors of motor components in concert with driven loads and linkages, resulting in inefficient, oversized units. It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a new and improved door operator using a series would motor for driving doors between open and closed posi ⁇ tions and particularly where the doors are utilized for handling passenger traffic.
  • a further object of this invention is in the provision of a door operator utilizing a unique series wound electric motor together with an improved linkage arrangement for applying a substantially linear force to ' a door during the closing cycle.
  • a further object of the invention is in the provision of a door operator especially useful for handling doors through which passenger traffic is provided and which includes a unique series wound motor.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of one form of door operator of Fig. 1 mounted overhead and interconnected with a door;
  • Fig. 3 is a somewhat diagrammatic view of the door operator of Fig. 1 mounted on a floor and drivingly con ⁇ nected to a door;
  • Fig. 4 is an enlarged side elevational view of a part of the door operator of Fig. 1 and particularly illustrating the output linkage arrangement which produces a modulated
  • Fig. 5 is an end elevational view of the output linkage shown in Fig. 4.
  • Fig. 6 is a top plan view of the output linkage shown in Fig. 4;
  • Fig. 7 is a force diagram of the door operator of Fig. 1 and particularly the embodiment of Fig. 2;
  • Fig. 8 is a force diagram of the door operator of Fig. 1 and particularly the embodiment of Fig. 3;
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the pneumatic circuit for the door operator of Fig. 1 and illustrating the state of the circuit when the door is in closed position;
  • Fig. 10 is an electrical schematic diagram of the circuit for the door operator of Fig. 1 and- illustrating the state of the circuit when the door is in closed position and when the porter switch is in off position;
  • Fig. 11 is a side elevational view of a modified door operator of the invention illustrating the operator and door in solid in closed position and in phantom in mid- travel and open positions;
  • Fig. 12 is a top plan view of the door operator illustrated in Fig. 11 showing the operator and door in closed position;
  • Fig. 13 is a side elevational partly fragmentary view of the door operator of Fig. 11 showing the operator in closed but unlocked position in solid lines and in closed and locked position in phantom;
  • Fig. 14 is a force travel diagram illustrating the curve for a prior art four-bar linkage operator and the curve for the operator of Fig. 11;
  • Fig. 15 is an open circuit saturation curve for the unique series wound motor of the embodiment of Fig. 11 which powers the operator.
  • the door operator of the invention may be actuated by a passenger to drive it throughout the opening cycle.
  • the door operator may be controlled by the porter to open the door and maintain it in open position or to maintain the door in closed position.
  • the porter When the operator is set for passenger operation, it is only necessary for a passenger to actuate a switch to cause the door to open after which the door operator goes through the door opening cycle.
  • an electro-pneumatic control circuit controls the engine through opening and closing cycles.
  • the door engine Once the door engine completes the opening cycle, it will automatically go through a closing cycle upon the lapse of a predetermined delay. In the event an obstruction is sensed at the door edge during the closing cycle, the operator will recycle through the opening cycle. In the event of electrical failure, the differential engine is conditioned with a lower pneumatic force level which permits manual opening of the door. A modulated output force is provided with this pneumatic engine operator. Where the door operator is one having the unique series wound motor of the invention and the unique linkage arrangement, a substantially linear out- put force is obtained.
  • the door operator unit illustrated in Fig. 1 and generally designated by the numeral 15 includes a pneumatic differential engine 16 mounted on a base plate 17.
  • the engine is of the general type shown in U.S. patents 1,557,684 and 1,849,516 and includes a housing having interconnected large and small cylinders 18 and 19 receiving large and small pistons 20 and 21 respectively, wherein the pistons are interconnected by a rod 22 having a rack gear 23 in engagement with a pinion gear 24 mounted on an output shaft 25.
  • the cylinders 18 and 19 and the respective pistons are characterized large and small for differentiation and the significance here is that they
  • -BURE OMPI are of different sizes.
  • the housing for the cylinders is supported on suitable brackets 26 and 27 that are secured to the base plate 17.
  • a slide bar 30 is connected at one end to the output 5.
  • shaft 25 and defines a track 31 for receiving a roller 32 mounted on the end of a multiplying lever 33.
  • the other end of the multiplying lever is secured to a shaft 34 rotatably mounted in bearings 35 secured to the base plate 17.
  • the axis of the shaft 34 is parallel to the axis of
  • the engine output shaft 25 is located beneath the shaft 25.
  • the output shaft 25 rotates through an arc to drive the slide bar 30 upward and to the left, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3. -All of the necessary supporting components for
  • a modulated force output is generated by the engine through the slide bar and the multiplying lever arrangement as represented by the graphical illustrations of Figs. 7 and 8.
  • FIG. 2. An illustration of how the operator 15 can be mounted overhead at the ceiling is shown in Fig. 2., while an illustration of how it can be mounted on the floor is shown in Fig. 3.
  • the multiplying lever- 33 will move through an arc of substanti ⁇ ally the same extenct during the opening and closing cycles of the engine.
  • the embodiment of Fig. 2 where the operator is mounted at the ceiling is interconnected with a door 40 through pivotaUy interconnected links or arms 41 and -42.
  • the arm 41 which is an extension of the multiplying lever 33 is connected to the lever 33 by means of a pair of connecting bolts or fasteners 43.
  • the arm 41 is therefore connected at one end to the multiplying lever 33 and at the other end of a connecting link or arm 42, the latter of which is in turn pivotaUy connected to a bracket 44 secured to one edge of the door 40. Accordingly, opening and closing forces produced by the differential engine 16 are trans ⁇ mitted through the slide bar 30 and multiplying lever 33 to the arms 41 and 42 and finally the door 40.
  • the engine is connected through the slide bar and multiplying lever to the door by means of a roller arm 48 having a roller 49 at the free end engageable in a track 50 secured to the edge of the door 51.
  • the slide bar 30 traverses through a greater angle than the driven multiplying lever 33 or the extension arms 41 and 48.
  • the fasteners 43 mounted on the multiplying lever 33 the installation of a door operator of the invention and the connections between the multiplying lever and the door are relatively easy and can be accomplishe quickly.
  • the door operation is universal to the extent that it can also then be used either as a unit mounted at the ceiling or a unit mounted at the floor and for a left-hand or a right-hand installation.
  • the modulated force applied to the door by the door operator of Fig. 1 is graphically illustrated in Figs. 7 and 8.
  • the illustration of Fig. 7 relates to a ceiling mounted operator such as shown in Fig. 2, while the illustration of Fig. 8 relates to a floor mounted operator, as shown in Fig 3, It can be appreciated from these graphical illustrations that the modulated force produced by the operator is relatively constant throughout the travel of the door during the closing cycle and that the force drops off slightly between the mid point of the closing cycle and the fully closed position.
  • the pneumatic circuit for the differential engine 16 is illustrated in Fig. 9 and generally includes an air supply to an air cock 55, an air strainer 56, an adjust ⁇ able high pressure regulator 57, and adjustable low pressure regulator 58, a three-way normally closed magnet valve 59, a shuttle valve 60, an adjustable door closing metering valve or flow control valve 61, a door open three-way normally open magnet valve 62, an adjustable door opening cushioning metering valve or flow control valve 63, and a cam operated air valve 64.
  • the components of the circuit as illustrated are in the condition when the door is in closed position.
  • the electrical control circuit for the door operator of Fig. 1 is shown in Fig.
  • a porter switch 68 operable between off, open and automatic positions
  • a passenger switch 69 of the momentary push type for effecting the opening cycle a sensitive edge switch 70 which may be mounted along the edge of the door and which would sense an obstruction and which would function, when actuated, to recycle the door operator through the opening cycle
  • a cam operated limit switch 71 which opens and prevents operation of the sensitive edge switch when the door is in closed position
  • a time delay relay 72 which functions to maintain the door in open position through a predetermined period of time and thereafter to condition the circuit for the closing cycle.
  • the time delay relay 72 includes contacts 72a.
  • the magnet portion of the three-way magnet valves 59 and 62 are illustrated as 59a and 62a.
  • the limit switch 71 opens just ahead of the closed position or just prior to the door reaching closed position. Likewise, it will close during the opening cycle just after the door leaves the closed position to render effective the sensitive edge switch circuit.
  • the operation of the door operator electro-pneumatic control circuit during the opening and closing cycles further depends upon the mechanical actuation of the cam operated air switch 64 and the cam operated limit switch 71.
  • a cam 75 is mounted on the output shaft 25 of the engine 16 and which engages and operates the actuating arm 64a of the cam operated switch 64 and the actuating arm 71a of the limit switch 71.
  • the cam is positioned with the door in closed position and which conditions the cam operated air switch 64, as shown in Fig.
  • the cam operated air switch 64 Shortly after the engine commences the opening cycle, the cam operated air switch 64 is closed and the cam operated limit switch 71 ⁇ s closed.
  • the porter switch 68 With the porter switch 68 in the automatic position and upon actuation of the passenger switch 69 by a passenger, closing of switch 69 causes energization of the time delay relay 72 to close the contact 72a and thereby energize the door open magnet valve 62.
  • the time delay for the time delay relay 72 starts when the relay is de-energized upon opening of the passenger switch 69 and is set to hold the contact 72a in closed position and the magnet valve 62 to exhaust for about 15 seconds or a suitable period of time so that the passenger can complete movement through the doorway.
  • the time delay relay 72 drops out and de-energizes the door open magnet valve 62 to once again connect the large cylinder to the high pressure regulated source and cause closing of the door.
  • Both the air directed to the large cylinder and the air then exhausted from the small cylinder 19 is regulated to provide a door closing cushion.
  • the door closing cushioning valve 61 regulates the exhausting of the air from the small cylinder 19.
  • the limit switch 71 will be closed, thereby conditioning the sensitive edge circuit so that upon actuation the sensitive edge switch 70 will cause energization of the time delay relay 72 and consequent energization of the door opening magnet valve 62 to cause the door engine to go through an opening cycle.
  • an obstruction at the edge of the door during the closing cycle will cause actuation of the sensitive edge switch 70 and a recycling of the door open cycle.
  • the porter switch 68 By actuation of the porter switch 68 to the open position, the time delay relay contacts 72 are bypassed and the door magnet valve 62 is energized to cause the operator to effect the opening cycle and maintain the door in an open position. Thus, the doors will then remain in the open position until the porter switch is actuated to either the off or automatic positions.
  • the high pressure magnet valve 59 is energized to connect the high pressure from the high pressure regulator 57 to the shuttle valve 60.
  • the high pressure magnet valve 59 will de-energize, thereby shutting off the high pressure regulator to the shut-off valve and exhausting the system of the high pressure level. Air from the high pressure valve is then channeled through the parallel circuit which includes the low pressure regulator 58 which delivers the low pressure through the shuttle valve to the system. This low pressure allows the doors to be opened and closed manually. The air pressure at this point is sufficient so that it will maintain the doors in a closed position when desired. Actually, the door once opened manually will automatically close slowly due to the differential force between the large and small cylinders of the differential engine. This effectively defines a pneumatic spring effect to the door and eliminates the need to provide any mechanical spring for maintaining the door in closed position.
  • the door operator embodiment of Figs. 11 to 15 is a modification which differs from the above described embodiment in that it is electrically driven and includes a linkage arrangement with an overcenter lock.
  • the linkage arrangement is similar to that of the previous embodiments in that a drive arm mounted on the output shaft of the operator applies force to a multiplying lever connected to the door being driven by the operator.
  • the unique series wound electric motor coupled with a gear box having a given gear ratio drives a unique linkage arrangement to provide a substantially linear door edge force along essentially all of the door travel between open and closed positions and, more particularly, to provide a relatively low door closing force just before final closing position.
  • the operator includes an electric motor 80 generally known to those skilled in the art as “series” , although other motor designs such as “compound” and permanent magnet could be utilized, having its output shaft connected into a gear box 81, all of which is mounted on a base 82.
  • the gear box 81 is mounted on a base 82.
  • OM s ⁇ ⁇ , w ⁇ iPp box 81 includes an output shaft 83 on which is mounted for oscillation therewith a drive bar 84.
  • a roller 85 is mounted adjacent the free end of the drive bar 84 and slidably engages in a slide bar or multiplying lever 86.
  • the element 5 86 may be considered a multiplying lever in the form of a slide bar and is connected at one end to a shaft 87 which is pivotaUy mounted to the base 82.
  • the axes of the drive shaft and slide bar pivot are in superposed relation and generally aligned along a vertical plane relating to the horizontal axis- of the door operator.
  • a bracket 91 is fixed to the edge of the door 90 and has mounted thereon a roller 92 which is slidably engaged by the slide bar 86.
  • the roller 92 is carried on a shaft 93 extending
  • the over ⁇ center locking. feature is in operation in Fig. 11, and in this position the drive bar bears against a stop 96 carried on the base 82.
  • the drive arm 84 is in the overcenter locked position as shown in solid lines in
  • the position of the slide bar 86 shown in Fig. 13 in solid lines is such that the door is in closed position.
  • the position of the drive arm 84 shown in solid lines in Fig. 13 is such as to cause the slide bar 86 to be positioned as shown where the door is in closed position.
  • the position of the drive arm 84 as illustrated in phantom and designated 84a in Fig. 13 is such that the operator is in overcenter locked position. Between the position 84a and the position shown in solid lines the door does not move, nor does the slide bar 86 move when the drive arm travels this distance.
  • the position of the drive arm shown in solid lines presents the door operator in an unlocked condition, while in phantom presents the door operator in locked position.
  • the drive arm must move past the center line between the output shaft 83 and the roller 85 which is perpendicular to the slide bar 86. So when the drive arm rests against the stop 96, the operator is in closed and locked position and the door is closed and locked.
  • a door operator designed to drive an eighty-pound door includes a unique series wound motor with a gear box having a particular gear ratio and a linkage arrangement having particular measurements.
  • Other door weigths are contem ⁇ plated, generally in a range of fifty to 120 pounds.
  • One particular series wound motor providing .forces disclosed and operating in a specified predetermined time of about two seconds would have ten windings on an armature of 24- gauge wire and 40-80 windings on a field of 26-gauge wire.
  • Another preferred motor would have fifteen
  • a preferred gear ratio range of 20 to 25:1 for the gear box 81 would be coupled with the series wound motor and most preferably the gear ratio would be 25:1 reduction.
  • the preferred series wound motor would have an open circuit saturation curve, which will be recog ⁇ nized by those skilled in the art as providing primary identification of motor characteristics, as illustrated in Fig. 15, where field current in percent of maximum rated is plotted against armature voltage in percent of maximum rated. It can be seen by the curve that at approximately fifty percent of maximum rated voltage, the field current will be about forty percent of maximum rated; and with a voltage of approximately eight-five percent of total, the field current will be about eighty percent.
  • the preferred linkage arrangement would have a dimension of 2.569 inches between the axis of the output shaft and the axis of the drive roller 85 and represented in Fig. 11 by the dimension line 100, a measurement of 3.557 inches between the output shaft axis and the slide bar pivot axis as represented by the dimension line 101, and a measure ⁇ ment of thirteen inches between a horizontal line going through the axis of the slide bar pivot and the rectilinear path of the axis of the door roller 92 as represented by the dimension line 102.
  • the closing force curve is illustrated at 105 in the force diagram of Fig. 14.
  • This diagram plots door stall closing force in pounds against door travel in inches.
  • the force curve 106 illustrated in Fig. 14 represents the curve of a prior art door operator of the four-bar linkage type with overcenter lock. It can now be appreciated by comparing these curves that the prior art operators produced a large closing force at the end of the closing cycle. More specifically, the closing force of the prior art operators, as illustrated in curve 106, exceeded 45 pounds at three inches prior to close position, while the closing force of the operator according to the present invention was about 32 pounds.
  • the closing force is the same as the stall force of the operator and may be easily measured by stalling the operator at the various increments of travel. Within one inch of the closed 5 position of the door operator of the present invention as illustrated by the curve 105, the closing force does not exceed forty pounds. It therefore can be appreciated that the inherent safety of the door operator of the present invention over the known door operators is materially

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  • Power-Operated Mechanisms For Wings (AREA)

Abstract

Une commande de porte comprenant un moteur electrique unique (80) et un dispositif de couplage ayant une barre de commande appliquant la force d'actionnement par l'intermediaire d'un rouleau (85) a un levier de demultiplication d'une barre de glissement (86) dans lequel le levier de demultiplication est monte de maniere pivotante a une extremite (87) glisse sur un rouleau (92) pres de l'autre extremite qui est montee sur une porte coulissante.
PCT/US1979/000031 1979-01-15 1979-01-15 Commande de porte a force lineaire WO1980001494A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US1979/000031 WO1980001494A1 (fr) 1979-01-15 1979-01-15 Commande de porte a force lineaire
DE19792953493 DE2953493A1 (de) 1979-01-15 1979-01-15 Linear output force door operator
EP19790901104 EP0023203A4 (fr) 1979-01-15 1980-07-29 Commande de porte a force lineaire.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US1979/000031 WO1980001494A1 (fr) 1979-01-15 1979-01-15 Commande de porte a force lineaire
WOUS79/00031 1979-01-15

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1980001494A1 true WO1980001494A1 (fr) 1980-07-24

Family

ID=22147489

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US1979/000031 WO1980001494A1 (fr) 1979-01-15 1979-01-15 Commande de porte a force lineaire

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0023203A4 (fr)
DE (1) DE2953493A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1980001494A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3220810A1 (de) * 1982-06-03 1983-12-08 C. Haushahn GmbH & Co, 7000 Stuttgart Antriebsvorrichtung fuer eine tuer, insbes. eine aufzugstuer

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US965770A (en) * 1909-10-30 1910-07-26 George W Voigt Mechanism for opening and closing car-doors.
US2807736A (en) * 1955-12-19 1957-09-24 Ford Motor Co Starter field winding
US3453778A (en) * 1967-04-20 1969-07-08 Vapor Corp Plug door mechanism

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1514570A (en) * 1975-12-20 1978-06-14 Westinghouse Brake & Signal Door actuating mechanisms

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US965770A (en) * 1909-10-30 1910-07-26 George W Voigt Mechanism for opening and closing car-doors.
US2807736A (en) * 1955-12-19 1957-09-24 Ford Motor Co Starter field winding
US3453778A (en) * 1967-04-20 1969-07-08 Vapor Corp Plug door mechanism

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See also references of EP0023203A4 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0023203A4 (fr) 1981-04-24
DE2953493A1 (de) 1981-01-15
EP0023203A1 (fr) 1981-02-04

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