USRE9961E - Machine for decorticating wheat - Google Patents

Description

I' UNITED STATES y PATENT CFFICE.

JACOB CORNWELL, OF CADILLAC, MICHIGAN.

MAcHiNE FOR DiacfoRTlcATlNc WHEAT, sw.

`-S1?ECIFIGA'JIION forming part of ReissuedLetters Patent No. 9,961, dated December 6,

Original No. 238,489, dated March B, 188i. Application for reissue tiled August 27, i881.

To all whom it'may concer/n:

Be it known thatI, JACOBUORNWELL, of

Cadillac, in the county of Wexford and State ot' Michigan', have invented -ncw and useful Improvements in Machines for Deeorticating Wheat and other Grain; and I hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description thereof, which will enable othersv skilled in the art to which my invention appertains to make and use the same, reference beinghad tothe accompanyingdrawings,which form a part thereof, and in whichy Figure 1 represents. a vertical longitudinal section through the center of the machine. Fig. 2 represents a front elevation of the same, partly in section; and Fig'. 3 represents a rear viewof that part of the in achineused to dampen the grain.

Like letters of reference indicate like parts.

It is well known to all practical millers en it is impossible to make a strictly pure white iiour in consequence of the fine particles of the outer coating of the hull or hranofthe berry and the fuzz and fiber attached thereto becoming mixed' with the starchy and glutinous portion of the berry during the processv of grinding or crushing, and that various machimes-such as boltingreels or vmidd-lings-4 purifiers-are now employed for the purpose of removing such light particles'of bran from the chop or meal after the berry has been ground or crush ed, or from the middling's after being, separated from the superflue hour and branl by boltin g, but which do-not fully accomplish thedesired result. f

The object of my invention is to remove from theberry the-outer and dark'portion of the hull and the fuzz thereto attached prior to grinding or crushing, and so that the remaining portion of the hull shall be less liable to deterioratethe colorof 'the flour, and thereby improve the color and quality of wheat-hour and increase the .quantity of hrst-grade our;

and to that end my invention `consists in the construction and combination of the several parts vof the machine, as hereinafter-more particularly described and claimed., v

In the drawings, A represents the frame, whichmay be made of any desirable material position and dimensions that will the operating parts of the machine.

B represents a metal cylinder, theform'of a truncated cone, provided with teeth u; and C represents a metal casingsurrounding said cylinder and provided with teeth t. rIhe length of the cylinder toitscasing` is such that when mounted in its proper chamber, i', below its base and a chamber, i, above its top.

To the Shaft of the cylinder are attached a y series of arms or sweeps, s,in the chamber i',

and in the chamber i are in like manner attached a series of arms, r. A plate or disk, q, is suspended at arms rrby a lever, f, fulcrumed at y, and which lever is forked and attachedl to the pivots of on its shaft it leaves a. space or receive and sustain preferably in a short distance above the the collar attaeh'ed'to the plate q, and by which the plate hangs freely suspended, and is guided in its vertical motion by the shaft of the cylinder B.

.To the outer end of the lever fis attached a rod,e, made adjustable by screws, and to the upper end of said rod is attached a valve, d, which opens and closes the tube N.

The upper end of the shaft of the cone is pro-` vided wi th' a bevel-gearin g, Gr, preferablyl made a friction-gear, and on the shaft Dthereof is mounted a hollow cylinder, D, a portion of whichthe end nearest the bevel-gearingQ-is either perforated with holes c or else made of y wire-cloth. placed a conical jacket, E,wh ich is attached to the cylinder D at its outer end. Under the open end of the jacket E is placed a drip-trough, K. The shaft D is mounted upon the standards J and I, the latter of which is divided at its center, andthe lower part thereof, l', is bored out from its top and provided with a the part I fitting therein.

To the-part I is attached .a cam-lever, M,- wprking against a pin, b, on I'.

The rear end of the lcylinder D is provided with a fixed annular disk, a, thus forming a opening, through `it, through which are passed the tubesN and 0. Grain 'is 'passed through the tube N into the cylinder D, and

Around this perforated part isA Vcoiled spring, c, upon which rests the tenon of flange around the interior end thereof and an Y ofthe cylinder D has a hood,F,

, through the screen u.

water through the pipe 0,'the end of which may be provided with4 a rose, w. The open end covering both it and its conical jacket E, the lower end or side of which is formed into a channel or spout, i",long-enough to reach and telescope into the upright tube l, attached to the plate q, and through which an opening is made into the chamber below.

Through'tlle bottom of C is an opening, h, guarded by a slide-valve, o, which may be operated by a screw, m. To the screw mare attached iixed collars u2, be# tween which works the plate or bar n, the upper end of which works between two nuts, n', on the rod p, which passes lthrough a box, j, and is secured to the movable block g, forming a part ofthe casing C. VVithin'the boxj is placed a coiledl spring, la, which presses against the clock g, the box j being fastened tothe plaiform upon which the casing orjacket C rests. Under the opening it is placed a spout, L.

The cylinder B is revolved at the desired speed by means of the bevel-gear H, which gives motion to allithe other connected parts of the machinery before described. The cylinder D may, if desired, be made conical,vwith its wide end entering the head F. The jacket E need not be attached to and form a part of the drum D, but may surround the lower half thereof, so as to catch the drip the casing orjacket The operation ot' my machine is as follows, viz: Grain `is spouted from a bin or hopper through the tube N into the interior of the cylinder D, which falls upon the closed part thereof, and where it is then moistened from4 the sprinkler w, supplied with water from the pipe Q. Motion having previously been given to the machinery, the grain, by its own gravity and-motion within the cylinder D, will roll forward upon the perforated or screen part e, and there drain ofi' all'superuous water, which is caught by the jacket E and conveyed -into the conductor or drip-trough K. The grain thus constantly filling in from the spout moves for--.

ward until it reaches the end of -the cylinder D, from which it falls into the spoutf, and 'passes through the tube l into the chamber under the plate q on top of the revolving cyl-A inder B, where it is acted upon by thearms or sweeps r, which serve to thoroughly mix the moistened grain'and'tend to loosen 4the hulls and render it in suitable condition to be acted upon by the cylinder and casing. The' grain is forced outward 1' to the inner surface of falls between the cylinder where,

the casing, when it B and itscasing C,

y themachincry and-ofthe kernels of grain Vupon each other and upon the teeth t and u, the grain 1s decorticated or stripped o f its outer hull or dark and woody portion and the fuzz and ber thereto attached, after'which it falls into the chamber i', which soon lls up, and where the by the arms or sweeps by the attrition given by the motion of `and polish it, after which it falls through the opening It into the spout L. When' the valve o is not-,opened sufficiently, so that the grain cannot pass out as fast as it is fed, the grain presses and crowds against -the loose block g and moves it outward, and which, being connected to the screw m by means of the plate or bar n', carries the valve o out with it, which thnsautomatically opens the valveoaud causes thedischarge of the surplus accumulated in the chamber 'i'. As the grain passes into the chamber i under the plate l] it soon accumulates and fills it up faster than i'tpasses between the teeth t u, and thereby causes the plate to rise and operate the levcrj", wl1ieh,in turn, closes the'valve d in the spout N.

The object of the spring c in the post l is to keep the contact-edges of the bevel-gears G from pressing too heavily, and is so regulated as at all times to press heavily enough, forA as the grain accumulates in the cylinder D it depresses the shaft D', and so requires moreforce to-turn it, which is secured by the increased .friction on the-bevelgears G. By turning up the earn-lever M the adjacent end of the shaft D' will be raised, thus throwing the gear-w heel mounted upon the other end of the shaft away from its pinion and stopping the movement of' the cylinderD and the parts directl y connected thereto.` The grain then soon accumulates in a pile before the end of the spout N, and stops all further iiow, while at the same time out all the grainbelow. AAfter 'the wheat has lpassed. through the herein-described decorticating-machine the berry is separated from the bran fuzz and fiber by passing it through any wellknown separating o r brush machine.

' Having fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is*- 1. In a decorticatiiig-machine, the combination, with a' cylinder and casing, said casing or arms located within the casing and above the cylinder, substantially as set forth.

2. In a deeorticati'ng-machine, the combination, with a cylinder and casing, said casing having a g'raiureceiving chamber in its upper end', of revolving sweeps or arms located within the grain-receiving chamber of the casing and above thecylinder, substantially as set forth. p

3. In a decorticating-machine, the combination, with a casing4 and cylinder, and the casing p rovidedwith a grain-receiving chamber :at 4its upper end, of revolving sweeps or arms -of the easing, and means for delivering grain into tho chamber, substantially as set forth.

` 4. In a decorticating-machine, the combination,with a grain receiving and moistenlng cylinderand a ,decorticatingcylinder and casi located within the grainreceiving chamberv berry receives further attrition through the thecylinder B may bein motion, thus cleaning IIO having a chamber in its upper end, of sweeps ing provided with a receiving-chamber, of devices, substantially as described, whereby the flow of grain to the moistening-cylinder may be automatically regulated by the pressure of the grain within said receiving-chamber, substantially as set forth.

5. In a decorticating-machine, the combina.- tion, with a casing and cylinder, the casing having a grain-receiving chamber at its upper end, of means for mcistening the grain and conducting it to the grain-receiving chamber, a vertically-adjustable plate located in said chamber, and devices for connecting the plate and the valve governing the ow of grain to the moiste'nin g apparatus, substantially asset forth.

G. In a decorticatiiig-machine, the combination, with a casing and cylinder, of a graininoistening cylinder, gearing for driving the moistening-cylinder, and means for throwing the friction-gear in and ont of engagement, substantially as set forth.

7. In a decorticating-machine, the combinaon, with a grain-moistening cylinder, perforated throughout a portion of its length and provided with a conical jacket, of a hood and spout located at one end ot' the cylinder and grain and water tubes arranged to extend into the opposite end of said cylinder, substantially as set forth. v

8. In a decorticating-machine, the combination, with the cylinder and casing and a movable block of the latter, ot' a valve located at tle lower end of the casing and devices connected to said movable block, whereby said valve may be opened and 'closed by the varying pressure of grain in the casing, substantially as set forth. l

tion, with a cylinder anda casing extending above and below said cylinder to form chambers above and below the same, of revolving arms or sweeps located in said chambers, substantially as set forth.

10. In adecorticating-machine, the combina- A, shaft w, of the casing C,

chambersz' and fi', and opening h, provided with '"u, and mounted upon jacket E, mounted upon Vjacket E, mountednpon the 9. In a decorticati11g-machine, the combination, with the cylinder B, provided with teeth u and sweeps r and s, and mounted upon the provided with teeth t,

valve o, attached to and operated by the block g, and devices for connecting said valve .and

specified. a

11. In a decorticating-machine, the combination, w ith thecylinder B, providedwith teeth u, and mounted vupon the revolving shaft w, and casing C, provided with teeth t, of the block, substantially as and for the purpose plate q, lever f, adjustable rod valve d, and

spout or tube N, substantially as set forth.

12. In a decorticating-machine, the combination, with the cylinder B, provided with teeth casing C, provided with teeth t, chamber i', and opening h, of thc plug or block g, spring k, rod p, connecting-bar a, screw m, and valve o, whereby the attrition and discharge of the the revlving shaft w, I

grain' is automatically regulated, substantall y as shown .and describe( 13. In combination with adecorticating-ma'- chine, substantially as shown and described, the hollow and perforated cylinder D and the revolving shaft 1)',having'bearings in standards J and adjustable standard Al, and spouts N, O, and f',

substantially as shownl and described.

14. In combination with a decorticating-ma chine, substantially as shown and described,

the' hollow and perforated cylinder lI) and revolving shaft D', havingbearings in standards J and I, bevel gear. G, cam-lever M, and as shown and described.

tIn testimony whereof I have signed this specification, in the presence of two subscribing witnesscs,this 17th day of August, 1881.

JACOB C() RNWELL.

Witnesses:

ALBERT L. LAWRENCE, CHARLES P. WEBSTER.

pin b, substantially

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