USRE9207E - Concrete pavement - Google Patents

Description

D. W. BAILEY. `Concretfa Pavement.

No. 9,207. n Reissued VMay I8, 1880.

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wrmasss V l INVENTO?.

ATTORN EY l UNITED STATES PATENT A OFFICE.

DAVIS-W'. BAILEY, OE CHELSEA, MASSACHUSETTS.

CONCRETE PAVEMENT.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Beissued Letters Patent No. 9,207, dated May 18, 1880.

Original No. 97,149, dated November 23, 1869. Application for reissue led April 30, lids.

'To 'all |whom it may concern Be it known that I, D. W. BsILEY, of Chelsea, in the count-y of Suffolk and State of llrfassachusetts, have made an invention of a new and useful Process ofLayingr Composite or Concrete Paveinents for Streets, 85e.; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, and sufficiently in detail to enable others skilled inthe art to .which such invention appertains to practice it. y

The process herein referred to, and which constitutes the subject-iiiatter of these Letters Patent, and consequently of my invention, is an improved inode of laying strcet-pavcnients, and relates lo means whereby :t permanent, smooth, and very economical roadway is obtained at reasonable cost, a distinguishing feature in the invention being such a combination of ingredients or materials that the surface ofthe pavement liardens ahnostinstantl y, thus doing away with one great and presentobjection in large and croivded thoroughfares to the adoption of concrete or composite pavements, which consists in the fact that a considerable period of time, frequently amounting to weeks, must elap'se after laying of the pavement before travel can be resumed over it.

The process I have adopted in layingacom posite pavement consists, then, as follows: The substratuni or foundation of earth is first broughtto the requisite grade in any well known manner. A quantity of asphaltum, either in a natural state or as prepared by a process peculiar to myself, is softened and diluted with dead-oil or heavy oil resulting from distillation or production of tai', the dead-oil serving as a vehicle whereby the asphaltum may be intimately mixed with ingredients which aic incorporated into or with it. With such asphaltum I then incorporate, in varying quantities and proportions, according to season, climate, and circumstances, a quantity of ground slate, soap-stone, pulvcrized dry clay, or other iinelypowdered analogous mineral or earthy substances, there being combined with such substances,when laid, a quantity ot'shells, stone, or other hard and desiiablematerials, the deadoil havingr the valuable el'cct of retainingl the 'asphaltuni in a tenacious and semielastic state, but for which il would assume,

when cold, a very hard and brittle one, while the earthy or mineral substancesiinpart body to the mass and prevent liquefaction and escape of the asphaltuni.

In laying' a' pavement as contemplated by my invention I dispose upon the foundation or graded substratuni of the roadway a layer of stones to thcdepth of about one foot, varying with circumstances and requirements of travel,such stones varying in size from two to ten iilclies in diameter. rlhe mixture or combination of materials above named is then heated until the mass assumes a liquid state, when a quantity is poured over the stones and allowed to settle itself over and about them, such liquid, when cold, serving to cement or connect such stones in an adhesive mass, by

this means producing a solid and durable foundation for the succeeding deposits, to be explained. Upon this foundation thus acquired I deposit a second stratum, about two and one-half inches thick, of stones of a more uniform size, and of from one-halt' to two and one-half inches in diameter, subsequently pouring upon them aquaiitity of a heated mixture composed of coal-tar, asphalt, and oil of pitch, the latter ot which is a refuse residuum in the production of resin. Upon this last-mentioned deposit of stones, smeared and cemented together as explained, I dump and distribute a layer, about one and one-half inches deep, of concrete composed of fine gravel, coarse sand, and sit'ted coal-ashes, mixed with aA coniposition of asphalt, coal-tar, and oil of pitch, the purpose o1' combining this pitch with the mass being to deodorizc it to a great extent, or to disguise the odors of the asphalt, thus doing away with (to many) a great objection to the use of asphalt in pavements, crude resin, naplitha, or other spirits bein g employed to temper or dilute the composition.

After having solidified and 'condenscdinto a smooth surface lthe two stratunis of stones and composition by the employment of a heavy roller, 1 apply to such surface a combination of dry fine sand, slaked lime, and ground marble, such materials bein g incorporated with .the substiatuiii below it and forming therewith a hard wearing-face. l

',lhe purpose in adding the lime, as above explained, is to cause the surface ofthe pavelOO ment to harden at once, thussecuring beneficial results, as hereinbebre premised, while the object sought in adding' the ground marble is to impart to the pavement an appearance of being composed of granite or other light-colored stone. In this last respect my pavement is distinguished from others of its class,whieh are of a dark color.

`binder for au intermediate layer of broken stone, a compound composed of coal-tar, as phalt, and oil of pitch, substantially such as described, when applied in the manner described andfor the purposes set forth.

3. In a concrete pavement. a wearing or surface layer composed of a compound of coaltar, pine-tar, asphalt, and oil of pitch, com-A bined with gravel, sand, and coaLashes, substantially as set forth.4

4. In a concrete pavement, a surface or wearing layer substantially such as described, having combined and incorporated in it amixture of ine sand, slakcd lime, and ground marble, whereby the surface of the pavement is caused to harden quickly, snbstantiallyvas set forth.

5. In a street pavement or roadway consisting of a base of coarse broken stone cemented together in thermanner and by the means described, an intermediate layer of smaller stones united in thc manner and by the means set incorporated therein the drying or hardening material, when constructed and combined in the manner set forth.

DAVIS W. BAILEY. Witnesses FRANCIS D. BAILEY,

0. I). BARRETT.

4,0k forth, and a surface or wearing course havingl

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