USRE87E - Improvement in power-looms for weaving coach-lace and other similar fabrics - Google Patents

Description

, ,UNITED STATES,

PATENT y OFFICE.

n. B. B1cELoW,oF BoSToN, MASSACHUSETTS.

' l-lMP'Rovewle'rusm Power-Looms For wrm/ms coAcH-LAcr AND omen SlmLAn FABRICS.

, Flu-cilienton forming pnr't. of Letters Patent No. 169, datcd'April :'20, 1&37; RcissueNo. S7, datedy i' w v Septen1hcr26,l846. n.

To all whom t5-may concern:

Be it known that I, ERASTUS B. "BIGELow, of Boston, in the county of Suffolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented new and yuseful improvements in looms to weave coach-lace and such other similar-'wrought fabrics as may be woven by the said machinery, which improvements combined `are denominated Bigelows lower Coach-Lace Loom, and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the principle or character which distinguishes them from all other things before known, and of the manner of making, constructing. and using the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making part of this specification, in which- Figure l is a front elevation of the loom. Fig. 2 is a profile elevation of the right end of the loom. Fig. 3 shows the driving parts ofthe loom on the left end. Fig. 4 is a horizontal view ofthe cams and treadles. with the upper part of the loom removed. Fig. 5 is a sectional view of the figuring-works, detached from the machine. Fig. 6 isa horizontal view of the parts of the loom forward of the shut- 'tle-boxes. Fig. 7 represents the stop-motion. Fig. 8 is a side view of the pliers orl forceps, with .one standard removed. Fig. 9 is a front Iview of the apparatus to shift the wires, detached from the machine. Fig. 10 is a back view of the apparatus toy push the wires toward the pliers or forceps. Fig. 11 represents the shuttle and bobbin. Fig. 12 represents the temples or cloth-guides.

The same letters indicate like parts iu all the figures.

In the weaving of coach-lace and`other similar fabrics in which the 'figure is formed by raising the warp alone, wires are introduced, after any given number of beats of the lay, under that portion of the warp which forms the figure, the warp being drawn tight over the wire preparatory to weaving in by the weft. For this purpose several wires are employed, las the wires must be retained for Some dis tance, to prevent the dral't on the warp from pulling out the previously-formed figuringloops. The number of wires employed are therefore, iu succession, drawn out'froxn the woven fabric and shifted to the unwoven part.

Prior to my invention this operation of drawing and reinserting the wires was pers formed by hand-a tedious, laborious, and expensive operation.

An important part of my inventionconsists in rendering this part of the operation self" acting or automatic, by the employment, first, of a pointed instrument introduced between and which separates the wire to be drawn out at each operation from the others, the ymotions of this being effected by mechanical means so combined and organized with the other parts ot' the loom asto perform its appropriate functions relatively to the other operations of the loom; secondly, of anotherinstrument which pushes or forces out the said wire until it. strikes the selvage of the fabric. to carry it-sopposite end beyond the end of the remaining wires, to be taken by-what constitutes the third part of my invention-a pair of' pinchers, pliers, or

. forceps, or 'other analogous instrument so operated'as to grip the end of the wire, draw it out from under the formed figuring-loops, carry it back, and then introduce it in the open shed that is between the open warps, and there deposit it preparatory to the formation' of another ra'nge of loops, the movements of the pusher and pinchers being so regulated and organized relatively to the weaving parts of the loom and the separating-instrument as to perform their appropriate func tions at the times and under the circumstances required.

The fourth part of my invention consists in the employ-ment of a guide that rests against the last of the series of looping-wi res, to adj ust the position of the parts that shift the wires relatively t'o the one on which they are required to act.

In all looms with which I am acquainted, and known prior to my invention, the shuttlc-boxes, or recesses that receive the shuttle lhen thrown or carried from one side to the other to lay the weft between the warps, are attached to and moved back and forth with the lay. This mode of arranging the shuttleboxes is not only defective in reference to the general operation of weaving, from the factthat after theweft has been carried up (termed beat up) by the reed in the lay it is loosened and drawn back alternately on opposite sides of the cloth by the back movement of the shuttle-boxes when carried back by the lay; but this arrangement prcsentsserious obstasion.

-cles to the application of the mechanism for the lay being so regulated that the racc-board shall be still and `on a line with the shuttleboxes at the time the shuttle is thrown'. By this means I attain the necessary room for the mechanism employed in operating the looping-wires, and the backmovement of the lay does not'tend todraw back or loosen the last weft-thread that has been beat of the lay.

In the accompanying drawings, a a a. a are four upright posts, which are connected together byhorizontal rails b b b b. c c are two. other upright posts, resting'on the cross-rails b b. f f f f are cross horizontal rails for connecting the ends of the frame-work.

The warp-beam g, containing 'the linen or ground warp, and the warp-beam h, containing the worsted or that warp which is raised above the ground warp to conceal the weit,

forced up by the are `mounted onaxles turningin bearings attached to the frame-work. The bobbins 'it' i contain the figuring-warp, and are supported by the crul j. From these beams and bobbins the warp-threads pass over their rev spective whip.. rollers klm, thence through the ruddle n, heddles o o and pp, and'reed q, in ordinary way.' ris a weight suspended by a friction-cord passing around the Warp-beam h, to keep the warp at-a proper degree of ten-v The weights s .s s s, in the same manner, preserve the tension-ofthe figuring-warp.

Thecloth produced by the intervention of the warp and weit threads in front of the reed passes over the roller t, turning in bearings in the breast-beam u, and is wound upon the cloth-roller v." w is a lever turning on the stud of the ratchet-wheel x, with the clicks y yjointed to its short arm. These clicks act on and turn the ratchet-wheel n: when the leverw is-moved by the cam c. The pinion-4 gear c, on the side of the ratchet wheel an, takes into the teeth of the cogged -wheel a', affixed to the axle of the cloth-roller e. yClicks playing on a stud attached to the post a, (be,v ing hid in the drawings behind the post a,)

act on the teeth of the ratchet-wheel w, in the usual manner to secure the lace that has been wound up when the clicks y y release their hold to act onl other teeth. The pulled oririgger if receives its motion from the mill-work bythe belt e', and moves the loom when the thereto, gives the principal motions of all the operations vperformed by the machine. The

This axle, by meansof an endless screw and cams or wipers attached first of these operations to be described is the filled by the weit; second, thatv which raises and depresses'the warp to receive the shuttle; third,regulating the variations in the pattern or figure; fourth, driving the shuttles tov and fro; fifth, beating up the weft; sixth,

the teeth of the cogged wheel l' on-the end of the' axle m'. To the reverse end ofthe axle m" another worm or endless screw, a', is afxed, which takes into the teeth of the cogged wheel o', and revolves the cylinder p. The axle m' turns in bearings Q q', attached to the frame-work.

- The diameter of the cylinder p and the number of teeth of the cogged wheels l o are sol proportioned as to move the disk or circumference of the cylinder p' at each throw of the shuttle through a space equal to the length of the linen warp filled by the threadfof the weft thus introduced; The upper extremities of the wires s'e hook onto the ends of the axle of the warp-beam g, and are connected at their lower extremities by the cross-bar t', The weight u is suspended from the lever c', resting on the cross-'bar t', and presses the warp on the warpbeam g` against the periphery of thecylinder p', thus causing the beam g to turn with the cylinder p', and deliveracertain length of warp at each revolution of the cylinder, however much the diameter of the warp around the beam may vary. The Whip-roller l, over which the linenwarp passes, turnsin bearings in the arms r' r, extending from the axle si, which turns in the bearings t' tl.

u is an arm extending from the axle s', from serv to tighten the warp, and at the same time allow the whip-roller l to move forward and prevent too great tension of the-warp when the heddles are raised to form the sheds.

'l The-raisingand depressing of the warp to receive the shuttle is effected as follows: The cams or wipers w w W are affixed to the axle i" and act .on the levers or treadles y' y' Y', which play on the fulcra at the ends w X. The v straps or cords z z Z connect the treadles y y' Y to the arms a2 a2 A", Figs. 2 and V5, extending from the axles b b B, which turn in the bearingse o C. d' d D4 are arms extending from the reverse sides'of the axles b b B, from' which the heddles a 0 O are suspended by the cords e2 e'-E. f f F are weights con- 'nected to the bottom of heddles o o -O. As the shaft 'i' revolves, the eccentric parts of the cams come round at proper intervals and force down the treadles y 3/ Y', which, by means of the cords z z Z turn the axles b b B, raises the When the cams relieve their action ou their respective treadles, the heddles are again depressed by the-wei ghts f f E. The two leavesgiving out of the linen warp as fast as it is which the weight lv" is suspended, which.weight heddles, and forms the shedsof the warp.

of heddles o o are sufficient to weave laces with plain grounds or fabrics; but in weaving those laces in which certain of the warp-threads are overlaid, the third leaf, O, is required, which leaf being raised relativelyat such distant intervals of time requires a graduated motion of the cam which moves it. This is effected as follows: The cogged wheel g, Fig. 4, aixed to the axle i', takesinto the teeth of the largest part of the pinion-Wheel h, which turns on the stud i2, attached to the frame-work. The teeth of the small part of the cogged pinion h2 takes into the teeth of the cogged wheel j', affixed to the cam W', which revolves loose on the shaft i. The number of teeth of these cogged wheels may be so calculated as to give dit'erent'de'grees of relative motion of the cam W', according to the number of threads of the weft overlaid by the warp. Thus, when the warpoverlies three threads of the weft, two

revolutions of the axle-'' will be required to one of the cam.

The third operation, or that which regulates' the variation in the pattern or figure, is next described. I* F are upright posts or side pieces, (see Fig. 5,) which are connected together by the cross bars or rails m2 n2 o. When this part is connected with the main frame-work, theA ends of the cross-bars n o2 rest on the horizon-A plate of iron r2. This spring yields to any gentle pressure made on that extremity projecting beyond the plate of iron and returns again wheh that pressure is removed till the pin f strikes against the plate s. Eyes are formed in the central parts of these horizontal wires through which the vertical wires u" u pass. The wires u u are hooked atthe upper extremity, and arranged vertically over thelifting-bar. ln the lower extremities of the vertical Wi res eyes are formed to which the cords v" vl are attached. From these eyes the cords v2.11 pass through the guide-holes in the cross-pieces w3 w to the heddles p p, suspended therefrom.l mi av are weights attached to the heddles p p, to depress them after they have been raised by the lifting-bar, and preserve their tension during the operation of the other parts of the loom. The lifting-bar y has a vertical-reciprocating motion in the guide z z, which are attached to the side pieces of the frame l, The wires a, a" connect the lifting-bar y? to the arms bs b, extending from the axle d. d is the reverse arm of the axle c,'to which is attached the upper extremity of the cord e, Fig. 2, which4 connects itl-with -the, treadle f, Fight. The

liftingbar y," Figs. 1 and 5, israised bythe 1 cam g acting onl thetreadierf; Fig. 4,*.and when the cam relieves its action thereon it falls again by its ow-n gravity. It is evident from what has been described that when the lifting-bar y is raised it will carryup with it allA the vertical wires u* u and heddles coni der h3 is mounted on an axle turnin in bearings in the frame l, which-,oscillates on the axis j. In the circumference of this cylinder as many longitudinal rows of holes are formed directly opposite to the ends of the horizontal wires p2 p p, as there are variations to be made in the pattern or figure. The number and position of the holes in each row are varied according to the variation to be made in the ligure-that is, holes are boredin any one 'of the rows opposite tothe endsof those horizontal wires only which connect with the heddles required to be raised when the said row swings against the horizontal wires. The ratchet-wheel k, Fig. 2, having as many teeth as there are longitudinal rows of holes .in the cylinder h, is attached to the axle of thesard cylinder, and is acted on by the click in the usual manner of holding a ratchetwheel, which (being'concealed in the' drawing behind the horizontal rail b) is attached to the .framework. m, Fig. 1, is another ratchet-wheel, which has as many teeth and is aixed to the axle like the former, and is acted on by the spring n, attached to the frame l, Fig. 5. The

bars o o connect the frame l with the arms p p3 extending from the axle g". FromfftheI reverse side ot' this axle another arm, 1, exi tends, which is connected with the treadle s',

Fig. 4, by the cord t", Fig. 2. u" is a spring,

one extremity of which is attached to the arm r, the other to the frame-work. vais a cam or wiper attached to the axle i. This apparatus operates as`follows: The cam '0 forces down the treadle s and turns the axle q", which, being connected with the frame"'i,

carries the cylinder. away from the horizontal wires. As the cylinder is thus moved back one tooth of the ratchet-wheel 1c strikes' againstfthe click behind the frame,'which yovercomes the elastic force of the spring n and turns-the cylinder on its'axis the dis-A tance ofone tooth'of the ratchet-wheel; or, in' other words, the distance between the centers ot' any two rows of holes in its circumference. At this instant the spring n takes into a new spacesof the ratchetmaand secures the cylinder in its proper positiomglwhen.the cam v .relieves its action on the'treadlef, vthe spring u raises the arm r and forces the cylinder against the wires, and pushes back those which have corresponding holes in the cylinder, enter therein, and remain at rest, with the hooked wires connected with them, over the liftingbar. The cylinder, thus presenting a new row of holes, and swinging against the ends of the horizontal wires,'and pushing certain of the hooked wires from the action of the liftingbar every time it is raised, produces variations in the pattern or figure corresponding with the variations of the holes in its circumference. -Thefourth operation is that which drives the shuttle to and fro, and may be rendered as follows: The shuttle-boxs w w, Fig. 6, are affixed to the posts c c and at a suitable distance to allow the reed to pass between them. a" x are picker-rods. y" y represent the shuttle-binders. z vz, Fig.,1, are openings or mortises in the front side of the shuttle-boxes to receive the guide-wire ofthe shuttle. The pickers a* a, Fig. 6,- slide ontbe rods aria"v with their lower extremities playing in mortises b* b* in the bottom of the boxes. c c* are picker-strings, connecting the pickers a* a* to the picker-staff d, which is affixed to the pulley e", Fig. 1. This pulley turns on a stud attached to the cross-bar f The strap g, passing over the pulley, connects it to the treadle h4 h". 'i i* are cam-balls'attached to Athe cams on the main axle i, and asgthey revolve with the said axle force down the treadles h* h4 alternately, and by means of the strap g vibrates the pckersta` and throws the shuttle to and fro. l

The weft is beat up as follows: The lay is mounted on an vaxle turning in bearings j* j, Fig. 2,` attached to the frame-work. k k* are the swords of the lay. Zisthe top shell,which receives and supports the upper edge of the reed. The bars of iron m* m* are aixed to the top shell and extend downwardpto the lower shell of the lay n, and supports the lower edge of the reed. o* o* are straps with one extremity of each attached to the top shell of the lay l, the other end of each to the frame-work. The upright arm p4, extending from the axle of the lay, is connected by the cord q to the lever r, which is attached to the pulley 8*. The pulley s* is suspended between ,draws back the lay and increases the tension of the cord t, which cord, as the cam relieves its action on the treadle, throws the lay forward and beats up the weft. The degree of motion given to the lay by the cord t* is determined bythe straps o o.

We come now to the sixth operation, or that 4 which shifts the wires over which the ligure is wrought'. a5 is a frame similar inform to an inverted T, (see Fig. 10,) which is mounted on an axis turning in the bearings bi b, Fig. 2. c5, Fig. 10, is a cam turning on the stud di', affixed to the frame a5, with the studs s5 j'5 extending from one of its sides.` The stud g5 extending from the frame a5 determines the quantity of motion of the cam in the direction toward it. The spring h5, attached to the frame a5, always tends to move the cam toward the vstud g5. The bar i5 ismade flat and pointed at the upper extremity, and has a vertical reciprocating motion in the guide jij?. The lever le* has a groove at its upper extremity in that edge which presents toward the wires l5 15.2"', and turns on the ful-v .crum m5 attached to =the frame ai represents the guideiron projecting from the upper extremity of the frame ai. o5, Fig. 2, represents a spring inserted between the frame a. and thebreast-beam u. This spring presses the guide-iron ni against the last' of the series of wires l5 Z5 Z5, Fig. 9, or that one which is to be acted ou, and thus keeps the frame e5 inthe same position relatively to the said wirethat is, the one to be acted on-although the position of the succeeding wires themselvesl as they successively approach this situation (being necessarily drawn out and placed under a new portion of the figuring-warp) may at different times vary. A frame formed similar to a lay turns on an axis in the bearings p5 p5, Fig. 2, aixed to the posts a a. g5 g5 (see Fig. 9) are the swords, the tops of which rest against the fra-nie v. x" is the cross-rail to connect the swords together. An arm, si, Fig. 4, is attached to this frame on which the cam 5 moves to act upon it, Fig. 6. a5 ui represent V-slides attached to the vframe-work of the machine, on which the frame ci slides with a horizontal reciprocating motion. w'" is a spiral spring, attached at one extremity to the frame fu, at the other to the breast-beam u. The bar m5, Fig. 9, slides in the standard on the frame v5 with a transverse reciprocating motion. if represents a stop attached to the bar mi", which.determines the quantity of approach of the pliers toward the wiresl5 l5 zi, represents a piece of iron, called the evener. 7 bolted tothe bar an". pliers are afixed, as represented in Fig. 8. as a are standards screwed or otherwise aixed to the Vbox ai, one of which is removed in this figure, which supports the axis of the blades of the pliers b6 c". Teeth are formed on these of motion, which take into each other similar to the action of two cogged wheels, so that raising or depressing the long part of the blade b opens and closes the pliers. spring which is attached to the bar x", and tends to raise the long part of the blade b, and opens' the pliers. The latch e vibrates on the stud the spring g.. The spiral spring h, Fig. 6,' is affixed to one extremity tothe bar a, at the other to the frame v5. i, Fig. 9, represents an elbow playing on the stud j, with its upright To the bar .z5 the geared v blades at the point of contact at their centers arepresentsa f attached to the bar af, and is acted on by arm resting against a stud, u', extending from the bar ai. The hook k, attached to the upright part of the elbow, acts on the stud c and moves the cam c5. The wire l connects the horizontal part of .the elbow with the treadle m, the proj ection of which is acted on bythe cam n', Fig. 4, axed to the axle 'i'. The spring o, Fig. 9, being attachedat oneLextremity of the horizontal part of the elbow i, at the other to the frame v5, serves to counteract the weight ofthe treadle m6. Thelatching-wire p, Fig. 1, 1s hooked at the upper extremity, and connected at its lower extremity to the treadlc q, Fig. 4, which is acted on by the cam-ball r', playing on the stud s attached to the cam n. The standard t, Fig. 9, attached to v u? serves to release the latch e from the blade of the pliers b.

Considering the position which the pliers or pinchers'assnme after having deposited a wire` under the figuring-warp and returned again to a line with the wire next to be taken by them and parallel with the breastbeam as the point of commencement, we shall describe the movements of the machinery specified under this operation. The main axle i', turning a notch in the cam n, comes round and suffers the spring o to raise the treadle m and horizontal part of t-he elbow i, which motion of the elbow carries its upright part away from t-he stud u, andallows the spring h", Fig. 6, to move the pliers toward the wires 15P until the stop 1f meets the standard of the frame/cf" and prevents its farther approach. As the upright part of the elbow is thus moved back the hook k, Fig. 9, acts on the stud e", and moves the cam e5 toward the spring h5, Fig. 10. This movement 0f the cam raises the bar i5, and forces the point of it between the last of the series of wires l5 lf', or that one against which the guideiron a5 rests and the one next in order from it, and separates one from the other, and thus prevents more than one from being acted upon at the same time. .\Vhen the bar i5 has arrived at its greatest elevation, the stud f 5 strikes against the lower arm ofl the lever k", and forces the grooved side of the reverse arm against the end of the wire l5, operated as above described,and forces it toward the pliers or forceps into the position seen in Fig. 9. At this instant the cam-ball r, Fig. 4, acts on the treadle q and depresses the latching-wirc p, which forces down the longer part of the blade b, closes the jaws of the pliers or forceps, and pinches the wire tight between them. As the longer part of the blade b6 is thus depressed, th shoulder o f the latch e locks onto its extremity and secures the grasp of the pliers on the wire after the action of the camball r is relieved from the treadle m6, depresses the horizontal part of the elbow i, and slides the bar .f1.5 in the standard of the frame v5, which movement of the bar draws out the wire grasped by the pliers from under the iigure wrought over it, and moves them into the position seen in Fig. G. This motion of the elbow i relieves the action of the hook L' from the stud e, Fig. 10and allows the spring h to move the cam ci back against the stud g, which movement of the said cam s uers the bar i5 to fall,and causes the stud f 5 to move the lever k" into the positions in `which they are respectively seen in' Fig. 6 and 10, and in which they are preparedl to act ou the succeeding wires. At the proper interval the cam t, Fig. A4. acts on the arm and slides the frame v, Fig. 6, on u uf', and carries the pliers connected with frame v5 back toward the shutwire under the figuring-warp. At the instant they arrive at their destination another notch in the cam n suers the spring vo" to carry the upright part of the elbow i? away from the stud u, which movement of the said elbow allows the spring h, Fig. 6, to draw'the pliers np and place the wire they grasp under the figuring-warp. Just asthe pliers complete their motion in this direction theI latch e strikes against the standard t, which releases it from the jaws of the pliers and drop the wire. At this instant the cam n, Fig. 4, again acts ou the treadle m and carries the pliers back a short distance to prevent their coming in contact with the wires Z5 l5, Fig. 9, as they return toward the breast-beam. XVhen this part of the cam has completed its action, a notch of the cam t5, Fig. 4, suers the spring w'", Fig.

2, to draw the frame es, Fig. 9, back to a line with the next wire to be acted on, or, in other words, the position it assumed when we began to describe the operation. When the wires drop from the pliers they are not all in the same position--that is, some are` placed under the figuring-warp farther than others.

Therefore to even them and prevent any failure in the operation of shifting them, which might occur from their irregularity, 'the evener z", as the pliers approach the warp to deposit the wire, strikes against the wire last depositedand drives itin asfaras it is suffered to do by the motion of the bar rJhe wire deposited by this operation ofthe pliers is driven in the same manneras the other, when the pliers come up to place in the next succeeding wire. All the wires being thus driven are left in a uniform position.

I do not deem it necessary .to recapitulate the movements of this machine in their order of succession, as this will be apparent to every competent machinist, and the periods of the dierent parts of the process being nearly the same as in ordinary coach-lace looms. The pliers are armed with a wire while the weft is being inserted between the warp, and are prepared to move back simultaneously with the lay at the proper interval, and place it under the figuring-warp. The rest o, Fig. 6, is attached to the breast-beam and arranged over the lace, to prevent the lace back of the breastbeam from. rising up and thus carrying the wires l5 F awayfrom the pliers when the warp is raised to form the sheds.

tlc-boxes to the proper position to place tho the blades b", and suiiers the spring ds'to open u represents the pushedin. v

standard of the temples, (see Fig. 12,) which is screwed to the inside of the breast-beam and under the cloth. a' a are the guides of the temples, which are fastenedto the stand 'wB by the screw y gf. The cloth passes between the guides x, and is thus prevented from yielding when the wires ls l5 are drawn out or The loom is put in motion v and thrown out of gear asfollows: The lever z, Fig. 1, turns on the stud a and connects the clutch f7 with the shifting-bar b", which slides in the guides c7 c, Fig. 1. The dotted lines at d', Fig. 7. represents a spring embedded in the bar b. The spiral spring e" is attached at oneextremity to the 117 atv the other to lthe breast -beam u. The lever f7 turns on the stud g, Fig. 6, attached to the breast-beam. h, Fig. 2, is a latch which vibrates on a stud attached to the post a, and has a handle at its upper extremity,whieh the weaver grasps to stop theloom. The spring j', Fig. 7, being attached at one end to the latch h, at the other to the breastbeam, always tends to bring the latch h" to# ward the lever f To pnt the loom in motion the weaver grasps the handle kand moves the bar b toward the right, which movement of the bar moves the clutch f', Fig. 4, by a forked lever, in the usual manner, connecting the clutch and slide,and connectsthe cogged wheel g with the pulley a'at the instant the latch hI locks on the depending arm of the lever and secures the connection.- Tostop the oom, the weaver releases the catch h and suilers thespring e, Fig. 6, to move the bar b1 and throw the loom out of gear. In the event 0f the weft being exhausted ou the bobbin` in the shuttle, and also in case the shuttle does not arrive at its destination, .itis desirable that the loom should be thrown out of gear to 1prevent an imperfect place beingmade in the ace. l

Stopping the loom when the shuttle stops in its passage to and fro is effected asfollows: The protectingrod 17,-Fig. 6, turns in the bearings on the frame uf us, and has` the arms m7 mT extending from it, the upper extremities of which rest against the shuttle-binders yy, Fig. 1. n represents a spring which acts on the arm m and urges both the arms m7 m' against their respective bindersy y. ol', Fig. 2, is the reverse arm, extending from the rod P and supports the bar pl, which connects with a latch by means of an elbow and connecting rod, which are hid in the drawings under the breast-beam. When the shuttle enters the box properly, it pushes,'out the binder y and deresses the bar p', and causes it to escape the ower shell of the lay as it comes forward to beat up the weft; butin the event the shuttle does not enter the box the spring n raises the bar p to meet thelowershellof thelay,which, as it comes forward, strikes against the end of it and releases the latch hT and su'ers the spring eT to throw the loomI ont of gear.

Stopping the loom when the weft is exhausted may be understood as follows: w?,

Fig. 11, represents the shuttle, armed with the bobbin mi, containing the wett. yT is a spring affixed to the `front side of the shuttle,

through the guidegwire c and the stand e. f

is a spiral spring, encircled around the stopwire d, one end of which is attached to the ,wire d by the spring g,'inserted therein. The

other abuts against the shuttle-wood. This spring yields to any gentle pressure on the end of the wire projecting beyond the guide-wire cs, and returns as far as suered by the pin g8, when that pressure is removed. h is a catch, which,when the stop-wire d' is pushed back even with vthel outside of the guide-wire c", locks into a notch in the stop-wire, and prevents its returning by the action of the spring f until the said catch is again released. The lever i", Fig. 6, turns on the stud attached to the breast-beam n', and extends along the side ot' vthe latch h, nearly to touch the shuttle-guide. When the stop-wire da is in the position .seen in Fig. 11, the shuttle will pass to and fro without acting on the lever i", and no effect is produced on the stop-motion; but when the fillingA is nearly exhausted on the bobbin, the spring js recedes from the center, as seen in the bobbin ka, and asit comes around releases the catch h", and suffers the spring f to throw forward the wire d", which, as the shuttle enters the left-hand shuttle-box, strikes against 5 the extremity of the lever i, releases thelatchl h', and sn'ers-the spring e7 to throw the loom out of gear.

'It will be obvious from the foregoing that some parts ofmy invention may be dispensed with without changing the character 'of the others-as, for instance, instead of pushing the needles toward the pinchers or pliers that draw them out, lever ks, Fig. 10, which pushes the wires toward the pliers, may be dispensed with, in which event the upright part of the frame a must be removed to the reverse edge of the lace, and the bar i pass between those ends of the wires which the pliers grasp to'shitt them, andthe guide-iron n must also rest against the said ends presented to-the pliers or forceps.

The standards which support the reciprocating bar w, instead of being stationary with the frame v5, may beaxed to an axle, and vibrate in bearings attached to said frame.

The frame formed by the said axle and standguide attached to the frame a5, and guides the pliers into the right position to take the last of the series of wires without acting on the one next in order to it.

Many parts of machinery have been described above without anyintention of claiming them as new inventions, but merely for the purpose of leading to and more readily illnstratlng the design and specification of my improvements; but I deem it preferable to employ all the ixnprovements which I claim connectedly.

Having pointed ont the nature of my in- I vention, described the manner of applying the samein connection with certain parts common to other looms, and shown some of the modifications which may be made without changing the principle of the remaining portions, what I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The method of separating from the series of wires over which the figure `has been wrought the last one of the series, which is to be withdrawn by means of an instrument introduced between it and the onenext to it, when this is operated by machinery substantially as herein described, whereby this separating-instrument is made to perform its appropriate function at appropriate intervals relatively to the other operations of the loom, as herein described.

2. The method of forcing or pushing the wires over whichthe gure has been wrought toward the instrument or instruments by which they are to be withdrawn, when this is so combined with the loom as to be operated by mechanical means substantially as herein described, whether the requisite motions be given to it by the mechanical agents herein enumerated or their equivalents.

3. The method, substantially as herein described,of withdrawing the said figuring-wires from the figure wrought over them, and introducing them under another portion of the figuring-warp by means of pinehers, pliers, forceps, or other analogous device so operated as to receive the requisite movements by machinery, substantially in the manner herein described, Whether the movements be given by cams, levers, and slides, or by their equivalents, as described.

4. In combination, all three or. any two of the devices or methods covered by the iirst, second, and third sections of my claim, for the purposes and in the manner substantially as described.

5. In combination with either or with all of the three items covered by the foregoing claims, the employment of a guide resting against the last of the series of figuring-wires to preserve the machinery, which acts thereon in the required position relatively to the wire to be withdrawn, substantially as described.

6. Making the shuttle-boxes detached from the lay, substantially as herein described, that the lay'may be free to move independently of the shuttle-boxes, as described.

7. Making the shuttle-boxes substantially as described above, in combination with the method of withdrawing the figuring-wires from under the figures wrought over them, and introducing them under the figuring-warp, substantially as described, whereby I am enabled to locate and operate this machinery without the impediment or interruption to which it would be subjected if the shuttle-boxes were attached to and moved with. the lay, as described. v

E. B. BIGELOW. Witnesses:

WM. C. APPLETON, D. H. JACKSON.

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