USRE8692E - Improvement in grain-drying kilns - Google Patents

Description

2 Sheets-Sheet.

c. W. BOYNT-ON. Grain-Drying Kiln.

Reissu'ed May 6 N. PETERS. PHQTO-LITHDGRAFHER. WASHINGYON, D C.

UNITE-D STATES PATENT OFT-Ien CHARLES W. BOYNTON,

OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

IMPROVEMENT IN GRAIN-DRYING KILNS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 213,542, dated March 25, 1879 Reissue No. 8,692, dated May 6, 1879; application filed April 9, 1879.

To all whom it 'may concern:

Be it known that I, CriAnLEs W. BOYNTON, of Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Grain-Drying Kilns,of which the following is a specication, reference be-v said branches, these branches leading to sep- 'arate drying ioors or rooms; in combination with the above, one or more furnaces arched or otherwise covered at the top, and having small side openings through which the heat must escape in jets to commingle with the proper amount of atmospheric air before reaching the drying-doors; in a tray of peculiar construction, and,further, in details and combinations, as hereinafter more fully explained.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is an elevation of a drying-kiln embodying'my improvements. Fig. 2 is a top or plan view of the apparatus, with the larger portion of the sectional dryingfloor removed to show the construction below; Fig. 3, a sectional elevation, taken on linea: x, viewed in the direction of dart y, Fig. 2; Fig. 4, a perspective View of the furnaces and case and lower parts of lues and their attached parts, all being removed from the building; Fig. 5, a transverse section of one of the trays forming the drying-floor, and Fig. 6 a broken longitudinal section of the tray.

A represents the building or exterior part of a drying-kiln inclosing my improvements. The foundation B of the furnaces is to be of any ordinary construction for that purpose. The furnace C has a semicircular dome, terminating in vertical sides, and is provided with the ordinary grate N; but, instead of having openings at the top for the escape of heat and gases, it is provided with side openings, W 7, Fig. 3, for the escape of hot air and gases into an enlarged chamber, U, where they come in contact with the cold air, which tempers or properly modifies the heat as it finds its way to the grain or malt on the drying-floors. The cold air last mentioned is admitted to the interior of the enlarged chamber U by means of the doors I.

The furnace S S is provided with a hood, C', which extends down to below the fuel on the grate N, to prevent the upward escape of heat until it has been brought in contact with a proper quantity of cold air for the purpose stated.

In some localities, and by the use of some kinds of coal, the hood C is required to bring the heated gases down lower than the holes W W before escaping, in order that a better supply of atmospheric air may be obtained; but under other circumstances the furnace C will answer the purpose. In any event the hot gases should escape from the sides of the furnaces in jets or thin layers into achamber at those places, and commingle with all the atmospheric air they can take up without deadening the re in the furnaces. This will be the guide for the operation in admitting air to them.

With this construction, anthracite coal can be used to produce combustion, and the products thereof admitted freely to the grain on the drying-floors without injuring it, and at the same time a heat is attained fully suflicient to dry all ordinary substances in a manner superior to any process now known to the art for that purpose.

The ordinary anthracite-coal furnaces eliminate the products of combustion from one open end or through a lue in the top in such a body that the atmospheric air cannot properly commingle with it. In my process I mix the maximum quantity of atmospheric air with the coalgases, and to more effectually bring this about the air-chambers at the sides of the furnaces should be each of a width corresponding to about one-third the length of said furnaces. Chambers of smaller dimensions at the sides would operate, but experience proves that a considerable body of air is necessary to the attainment of the best results.

The hot-air flue E, as shown in the drawings, is narrower than the furnace-chamber U; but this is not material. This flue extends up side are opened.

\ hinged to its lower end a valve, D, for shutting oii' either branch of the flue when necessity requires. This valve is operated from without by a chain, by which it may be drawn to either l side, or held in a vertical position, so as to leave bothbranches open and allow the heated air to pass on either side of it on its way to the drying-doors.

Cold air is admitted to the line through the inlets jj when it is necessary to cool the drying-rooms.

Beginning at a point just above the hopper the usual supports for the tloors are laid, and

a partition, G', is extended from the partition.

Gr to the top ofthe drying-rooms, which rooms may have any number of floors, one above the other, thus making two distinct compartments. Y

My improved tray P consists of a rectangular frame braced by substantial transverse bearers f f, into which are gained thin metallic strips c c, and over the whole is stretched a wire-cloth, m, or other suitable material, which is bound around the outside of the frame. On the under side I attach longitudinal rods t fu, which, besides serving as additional braces, are bearers for the tray to rest upon, and render the tipping thereof in the operation of dumping much easier than if it rested on the ribs p; in other words, they form pivots for the tray to turn upon in the lirst stage of the act of dumping. y

The drying-floors'are made up of a series of f these trays laid side by side and extending from one side to the other of the room.

Operation: The heated air and` gases passing from furnaces C in small jets are mingled with the atmospheric air vin the chamber U, and this mixture is carried up through the branches F F into the hopper, and thence to the drying-floors.

When a lot of material has been thoroughly dried in one room-T', for instancethe valve D is turned, so as to shutoff the heat from that side, and the cold-air inlets J' on that After a short time the attendant enters, dumps the material from the tray nearest the door in room T 5 then, after replacing the tray, steps upon it to the next,

which is dumped in a like manner until all ot the material on that floor has been transferred to the hopper L, which has suitable openings in its bottom for delivering the finished material. In this manner the drying process may be carried on in one room or the other continuously.

By my construction I am enabled to use very fine wire, which is not liable to become sufficiently heated to scorch the material.

The meshes of the wire should decrease in size on each sub-floor, as the grain or malt shrinks in drying.

It is generally desirable todump the contents of an Lipper floor to a lower door, and thus utilize the heat of two or more sets of floors as the process of drying advances.

Having fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a drying-kiln, the combination, with a divided hopper, of a furnace and a divided iiueleadingfrom said furnace and extending up into said hopper, and means for deflecting the heated air'or gases into either or both of said hoppers, substantially as set forth.

2. In a drying-kiln, the combination of the main ilue, having branches F F', with the valve D and hopper L L', as set forth.

8. In a drying-kiln, the combination, with a divided hopper and a divided flue leading to the same from the heatingffurnace, of a valve in the Hue and cold-air inlets, located in the flue above the valve, substantially as set forth.

4. In a drying-kiln, the combination, with independent hoppers and independent dues extending into said hoppers, of heating-furnaces constructed to discharge heated air and gases laterally into a cold-air space or conduit opening into said flues, substantially as set forth. L

5. In a drying-kiln, the combination, with the independent hoppers and drying-floors provided with sectional and removable trays, of one or more heating-furnaces, and iiues eX- tending ltherefrom and into said hoppers, whereby heated air or gases may be admitted to either or both of said hoppers, as set forth.

6. The trays P, having bearers ff in one direction, and other bearers, cc, gained into them at right angles in a frame which is covered with wire-cloth or other suit-able material, the said frame having bearers c c on its under side, as described.

CHARL ES W. BOYNTON.

Witnesses:

S. S. SroUT, C. J. HEDRIGK. p Y

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