US634916A - Drying-kiln. - Google Patents

Description

Patented Get. I7, |899. G. W. SHARER.

No. 634,9l6.

D RY IN G K L N (Application filed Aug. 2, 1899.)

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No. 634,916. Patented oct. I7, |899.

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DRYING KILN.

(Application led Aug. 2, 1899.)

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DBYING KILN.

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DRYING KILN.

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No. 634,9l6. Patented Oct. I7, |899.

G. W. SHAREB.

DRYING KILN.

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DRYING KILN.

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GEORGE IV. SI-IARER, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

DRYlNG-KILN.

SPECIFICATION forming part 0f Letters Patent No. 634,916, dated October-17, 1899. Application filed August 2, 1899l Serial No. 725,842. (No model.)

`To @ZZ whom it 'ni/nay concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE IV. SHARER, a citizen of the United States, residing at the city'of Philadelphia, in the county of Philadelphia and State of Pennsylvania, have'invented certain new an d. useful Improvements in Drying-Kilns, of which the following isa specification.

My -invention has relation to a drier or kiln wherein brick, tile, pottery, and materials of various descriptions may be quickly and readily dried, and in such connection it relates more particularly to the construction and arrangement of such a drier or kiln.

The principal objects of my invention are, first, to provide a drier having a series of drying-chambers and an offtake-stack divided by a vertical strengthening partition or wall into two sections, one of the stack-sections being in communication with one half the series of drying-chambers, while the other stacksection is in communication with the other of said chambers. Each of the chambers is provided With dampers for opening or closing the exit for the air .from each chamber into the stack. As each chamber is closed by a damper for controlling the exit of the heated air to the stack, all the other chambers of the furnace or drier may be in use or out of use without affecting the action of that chamber or any others in use, for it is to be understood that each chamber according to my invention may be used without affecting or in anyway interfering with the other chambers of the drier either in or out of use; second, in providing in a drier of the character described, at the feed or entrance end of each dryingchamber, a vaponchamber the roof whereof is upwardly inclined toward the oitake-stack, whereby the moist-charged air is upwardly and rapidly conducted away from the entrance, and thereby prevented from coming into contact with the freshly-introduced materials; third, in providing in such a drier a 'smoke-stack having at its base a vapornchamber forming a continuation of the stack and connecting each drying-chamber with the stack and arranged so as to readily conduct the vapor into the vapor-chamber, the air in the drying-chambers, and the smoke from the smokes-fines to the exterior of the drier without commingling the vapor, air, and smoke,

and, fourth, to provide in such a drier having a series of separate drying-chambers a set of smoke-fines arranged below the iioor of the chambers, a series of air-ilues for each cham ber arranged at the sides and top of the fun nace proper, said fines terminating at different points in each drying-chamber, a second series of air-lines surrounding the drier and jacke-ting the smoke-lines, said second series of air-lines adapted to conduct air directly from the exterior of the drier to each of the drying-chambers, oiftake-iiues arranged at the feed end of each drying-chamber and communicating from the bottom of the drying-chambers to a stack, said stack being normally in open communication with the top of each drying-chamber, and means for cutting olf the direct draft upward from the dryingchamber to the stack, whereby the air is forced downward through the offtake-flues.

My invention stated in general terms consists of a drier or kiln constructed and arranged in substantially the manner hereinafter described and claimed.

The nature and scope of my invention will be more fully understood from the following description, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, forming part hereof, in which* Figure l is a longitudinal sectional view of a drier or kilnembodying the main features of my invention, the section being taken on the line l l of Fig. 3. Fig. 2 is a similar View on the line 2 2 of Fig. 3. Fig. 3 is a sectional view ofthe drier, taken in horizontal planes, one of which passes above and the other below the floor of the dryingchambers. Fig. 4 is a vertical sectional View of the drier or kiln on a plane, represented by the lines el et of either Fig. l or Fig. 2. Figs. 5, 6, '7, S, 9,10, l1, and l2 are similar vertical sectional views on the respective lines 5 5, (5 6, 7 7, 8 8, 9 E), l0 10, 1l ll,and l2 l2 of either Fig. l orkFig. 2; and

Fig. 13 is an end elevational view of the feed d2 of each chamber are arranged the tracks IOO a5, upon which runs the truck or car (not shown) carrying the material to be dried. In driers of the type herein described there is located at the exit end of each drying-chamber a and below the iioor-level thereof a furnace Z2, having a main smoke-flue b extending, as illustrated in Fig. l, from end to end of the structure, Ithe roof of said flue forming the base of the tloor a2 of the drying-chamber ct. The smoke-flue U thus serves to heat the fioor a2 of the chamber from end to end. In addition to the heat thus radiated into each chamber a. there is provided in the present device means for conducting heated air directly into each drying-chamber at various points in its length. plished by means ot several air-d u'cts, of which one duct d is located directly above the furnace and heated thereby, said duct (l being open at both ends and terminating in the floor a2 of the chamber at a point most contiguous to the exit-gate A et the chamber. A second set of air-ducts df and cl2 are arranged on one side of the furnace b, with one duct d above the other duct d2, and a third set of ducts d3 and d'1 are similarly arranged on the other side of the furnace as clearly illustrated in Figs. I, 2, and et.

The upper ducts CZ/ and cl3 enter the chamber u, at the points d5 d5, slightly beyond the point where the upper air-duct d enters said chamber, and the lower ducts d2 d* enter the chamber a at the points d d6, beyond the points d5 d5. In addition to the air-ducts d CZ' d2 cl3 d4 another air-duct e is adapted to enter the chamber a at the point c approximately midway of the ends of said chamber. The duct e has an opening at either end for the entrance of air from the exterior of the drier and also has midway ot' its ends the ontlet c2, which traverse the floor of the chamber ct on either side of the smoke-fine b. The duct e and its outlets e2 surround or jacket the smoke-flue b', leading from the furnace l), as clearly illustrated in Figs. 1, 2, 3, and 9. To further increase the heat radiation from the furnace h and its iiue U into the chamber a, the due h it leaves the furnace is upwardly inclined Afrom a point considerably below the floor a2 of the chamber a to a point where it forms, in fact, said iioor. The

inclined space h2 thus formed at the base ot" the chamber a is clearly illustrated in Fig. 1

. and serves to hold a considerable body of air in equilibrium and presents it to the heated smoke-flue.

So far as described it will be understood that one ot the principal features of my present invention resides in the heating of the chamber c both by radiation from the furnace and smoke-fine as well as by the discharge of heated air into the chamber at various points-,in its length. Thus by radiation the chamber is heated by the iiue h for almost its entire length, and in addition thereto it is heated bythe still air held in the space h2, adjacent to the rear of the furnace h and to This is accom-v the smoke-flue l1. The chamber also receives heated air from ducts d, d, d2, (Z3, and'clL and from duct e at various points lengthwise-of the chamber.

The material to be dried is placed in a chamber a by being inserted through a door I3 at the entrance end of the drier, which is the end opposite to that at which the furnace h is located. At the entrance end of the drier is located a stack f, below which the chamber ct is enlarged into a vapor-chamber g, the pent-roof g of which is inclined downward from the stack f to where it meets the main roof a3 of the chamber a. In this vapor-chamberg the article to be dried is first placed, and the vapor driven oft during the subsequent manipulation ofthe article collects at the apex ot" the root g'and is conducted away by the stackfbet'ore it can be driven against succeeding articles. ,The abnormally hot air driven through the chamber u, is likewise led off at the lop of the vapor-chamber g to the stack, and is thereby prevented from coming into contact with fresh articles. As a consequence of this arrangement the articles when Iirst placed in the drier are heated only by the radiation from .the smoke-flue below the floor of the chamber a, and hence will dry more slowly and give oil their moisture more readily. rI`he articles, not being subjected to drafts of hot air, are thus not liable to either crack, warp, or case-harden.

As illustrated in Fig. 12, the stack fis separated into two sections by avertical strengthening partition or wall f', and each section of the stack is in direct communication by means of the respective vapor-chambers g with half of the series of drying-chambers. The various smoke-dues ZJ do not discharge directly into the stack f, but enter a horizontally and transversely arranged enlargement f2, below the base ot' the vapor-chamber on either side of a vertical partition f 3. Along the sides and the pent-roof of the vapor-chamber g are arranged fines f4, which lead from the enlargement f2 to the base of the stack f. The vapor-chamber g is thus blanketed or jacketed by the smoke-fines f2 and f4. The heated air traversing the chambers a normally escapes from the top of said chambers a into the pent-roof g of the vapor-chamber g and thence rises directly into the stack f from below the smokei'lues fi. This is what is known as an updraft and is used where the articles are to be subjected to a constant-'volume of highlyheated air. To regulate and, if desired, entirely shut oft' this updraft, the chambers a are provided with dampers a7 at or near their roofs, as illustrated in Fig. l2. In devices of this character it is frequently desirable to change in the chambers Ct the updraft to a do'wndratt. To enable this to be done, in the licor of the vapor-chamber g is located at the base of each chamber ct a grating or opening lo, leading into a horizontally and transversely arranged compartment or air-tine 7a', located between the smoke-compartment f2 and the IOO IIO

IIS

Iloor of the vapor-chamberg. This air'llue 7u communicates by means of the inclined 'Ilues 752,' located along the pent-roof g' of the vapor-chamber g below the corresponding smoke-lines f, with the stack j" at points below the entrance ofthe tlues fA1 into said stack. Vhen nowA the dainpers aT are closed, the air in the chambers a passes down through the openings 7s into the ainfiues 7c and is from thence discharged by the lines 7a2 into the stack ji Having thus described the nature and objects of my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

I. In a drying-kiln, a drying-chamber, a furnace and its smoke-line adapted to heat said drying-chamber directly by radiation, a series of air-ducis located alongside the fnrnace and leadingr from the exterior of the kiln to the base of the drying-chamber at points more or less remote from the exit end thereof, and a secondary air-duct having both ends open to the external atmosphere and an inlet between its ends in communication with the interior of the drying-chamber, said secondary air-duct surrounding and blanketing the smoke-flue, substantially as and for the purposes described.

2. In a drying-kiln, a drying-chamber, a smoke-flue arranged along the base of said ing witnesses.

drying-chamber, a vapor-chamber formed at. the entrance end of the drying-chamber and having` a root' for the collection of vaporarising iu said chamber, a combination-stack in direct communication with the roof of the Vapor-chamber, ilues adapted to conduct smoke from the smoke-Hue to said stack and fines independent of the smoke-t1ues adapted to conduct heated air from the drying-cl1amber to the stackwithout commingling the same in the drying,` or vapor chambers, substantially as and for the purposes described.

In a drying-kiln, a series of separate drying-chambers each adapted to be independently heated by radiation and by separate air-d nets heated by an individual furnace and smoke-tine, an oliftake-stack divided into two sections by a Veitically-arranged strengthening-partition, each section of the stack beingy in direct com mu nication with the smoke-fines and interior ote one-halt' only of the dryingchambers, substantially as and for the purposes described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my signature in the presence of two subscrib- GEO. W. SHAKER.

Witnesses:

J. WALTER DoUcLAss, RICHARD O. MAXWELL.

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