USRE838E - Improved construction of cylinders and pistons for pumps and steam-engines - Google Patents

Description

UNITED STATES PATENTv OFFICE.

WALLACE WELLS, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO HIMSELF AND SAMUEL B. ELLS.

IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF CYLINDERS AND PISTONS FOR PUMPS AND STEAM-ENGINES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 21,789, dated October 12, 1858; Reissue No. S38, dated October 18, 1859. Y

To all whom it may G01/werp:Y

Be it known that I, WALLACE WELLS, of the city and county of New York, in the State of New York, have invented a new and useful improvement in the cylinders, pistons, connections, and cranks for steam-engines, and in the mode of applying steam thereto 5 also, in the cylinders and pistons and connections for lire-engines, pumps, bellows, and other machines using cylinders and pistons; kand I hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the construction and operation of the same, reference being had to the annexed drawings, making a part of this specification.

Plate No.1 represents the application of this invention to the steamengine. Figure l is a lateral section of the cylinder. Src.

The cylinder is constructed in the usual form, except that no cylinder-heads are used, and the steam-ports A A are at points distant one-third the length of the cylinder from the ends. The cylinder is provided with three pistons-two outside or end pistons, B B", and a middle piston, C. The two end pistons are vconnected permanently by two rods, i" r',

which work through the middle piston opposite its center. 'lhe middle piston, (l, has a rod, s, which works through the center ot' the outside piston at that end of the cylinder where the power is to be applied. rlhe outside piston at the same end has two connecting-rods, D D, of 'equal length, attached at points opposite its center, and connecting with two arms, E E, on the same side of the crank and shaft F. rlhe rod of the middle piston, at the-end outside, has a connectingrod, G, extending to and connecting with the opposite arm, H, of the crank, which arm is in the center, between the arms E E, but on the opposite side. The steam-chest I and the valves K K are in the usual form.

The movement of the engine thus constructed is as follows: The steam, when ad mitted at the port on one side of the middle piston, acts equally on that side and on the end piston opposite thereto, forcing them apart to the proper point, where the steam is cut ott', then being admitted at the other port reverses the motion. The movement of both pistons in opposite directions is thus communicated to the shaft in one kand the same dil rection. The entire force of the steam is expended upon the movement itself, instead of being in part Aenpended on the permanent c-ylinderheads now used, and in overcoming friction at thejournals of the shaft. The force of thesteam both ways is direct, and not reilected. The power being applied to both sides ot' the shaft equally at the same time and in the same direction, an equilibrium ot" of the cyl- The cylinder is constructed without heads, I i i and has three pistons, the two end pistons,

B B'l, being connected together by rods r r, Y

working Athrough the middle piston, C, at points opposite its center. The middle piston has a rod, s, working through the center of the upper piston. The latter has tworconnecting-rods ot' equal length, D D, attached at points opposite its center, and connecting with one arm, E, of the lever. The rupper end of the rod of the middle piston has a connecting-rod, G, connecting with the other arm, H, of the lever.

The cylinder has two ports, A A", ad- I i mitting the water, and two opposite, I I, for discharging, to which are adjusted the necessary valves. J is the air-chamber, andk the hoseconnection is attached at K.

The action of the pump thus constructed is double or compound 'in receiving and dis` charging the water, resulting in a great inl crease in the force and regularity of the discharge. An important advantage is also gained in the increased power of the lever,

as the eonnee'tingrodsl D and G are attached both ends with three pistons and their conmuch nearer the center of the shaft than is neotions7 arranged substantially as herein set 'praeticable in the engines nonr used, which forth.

require two cylinders the centers of which are y 1 farther removed.y 7 WALILACE WELLS' The invention which I claim as mine7 and Witnesses: desire to secure by Letters Patent, is- W. WELLS,

The combination of the cylinder open at B. C. THAYER.

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