USRE810E - Improvement in lamps - Google Patents

Description

W.. FULTON. Lmp Burner.

UNITED STATES PATENT EEICE.

XVlLLlAM FULTON, OF URANBERRY, NEW JERSEY.

IMPROVEMENT IN LAMPS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 21,069, dated August 3, 1858; Reissue No. 10, dated September 13, 1859.

To @ZZ whom it may concern:

Beit known that l, WILLIAM FULTON, ot Cranberry, in the county of Middlesex and State of New Jersey, have invented a new and Improved Lamp-Burner; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description ofthe same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters ot' reference marked thereon, makiuga part of this specification, in which- Figure 1 is an external view of my invention with the glass chimney applied to it. Fig. 2 is also an external view, with the the cap raised so as to expose the wick tube and the perforated plate or air-distribnter C. Fig. 3 is an inverted plan of my invention, showing the stationary portion ofthe register. Fig. 4 is a detached view ofthe movable plate otA the register.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the several figures.

This invention relates to an improvement in lamps for burning coaleoils and other substances that are rich in carbon, and which re quire a considerable amount of oxygen to support a proper com bastion for illuminating pur poses.

The object of the invention is to adapt a lamp for burning equally well all the diterent substances above named, however much they may vary as regards the proportion of carbon they possess. This object is attained by applying a register to the bottom of the burner, and using in connection therewith a perforated. plate or gauze-wire, as shown in Fig. 2. On the ring above the perforated plate or gauzewire rests a cap, D, as shown in Fig. 1, around the bottom of which a row of holes are made, serving to keep the chimney cool and helping to support combustion, the parts being so arranged that a greater or less amount of oxygen is admitted to the iiame, according to thel amount of carbon the burning material possesses, a complete combustion ot' its elements being thereby effected, and a name of the greatest illuminating power obtained.

To enable those skilled in the art to fully understand and construct my invention, I will proceed to describe it.

A represents the top of a lamp, which is fitted on a reservoir or fountain of the usual or any proper form. This top is constructed ot' sheet metal, any oi' the ordinary materials being use.

B is the wick-tube, which is ot' oblong form, t0 receive what is generally known as the liatwick.77 This wick-tube, instead ot' passing through a solid metal plate, as usual, passes through a perforated plate or ganze-wire, C. which is plainly shown in Fig. (Jap D shuts down over it, as shown in Fig. l, the tube coming within half au inch ot' the top of the cone. The perforated plate C does not aii'ord a communication with the reservoir below, and the dame, for a plate, D D, (see Fig. 3,) closes the lower end ot' the cap, the tube-wick pass ing through said plate. (See Fig. 3.) On the upper part of the top A a cap, D, is placed and attached by a hinge orjoint, so thatit may read` ily turn back to fully expose the wick-tube, as shown at E inFig. Z, or turn forward, so as to to cover it, as shown at D in Fig. l. Through the lower part ot' the cap D lopenings b are made, said openin gs extending all around the cap, and an oblong slot, c c, is made through the top ofthe cap. The external air passes through the bottom D D at c, and through the regulator' F, as shown at Fig, 4, and then passes through the perforated plate or air-distributer C, as shown at Fig. 2. The air then passes through the openings b in the lower part ofthe cap D, so as to keep the chimney cool and help to support combustion, the remainder passing through the slot c c. Within the top A, and just above or over the perforated portion e, a perforated plate, j', is placed, as shown in Fig. 4. This plate is allowed to turn within the top A, and its holes g are made to wholly or partially register with the openings c. The

perforated plate fand perforated portion.of-

the top form a register to regulate the admission of air to the flame, the external air passing in the bottom D D at e, as shown in Fig. 3, or as indicated by the arrows in Fig. l, and so on through the openings g in Fig. 4, and then passes through the perforated plate or air-distiibuterG, Fig. 2, and through the holes b in the bottom ot' the cap D, the remainder passing the slot c c. The perforated plate C serves to distribute the air evenly in the top of the cap D. Theholes b in the lower part of the cap serve to keep the chimney cool and present the air evenly to the name. By this invention more or less air may be admitted to the 11a-me, as may be desired. If the material tobe burnt is very rich in carbon-as camphene for instance, or rosin-oil-the register is left entirely open. It' coal-oils are used the registeris turned to reduce the volume of air which is admitted to the alne, as the latter material contains less carbon than the former, and if a mixture of coal and whale oils are used, a mixture containing still less carbon, the register maybe turned to still further red nee the volume of air. The plate C, Fig. 2, adds greatly to the efficiency of the device, it having` a tendency to equailze the dratt, causing it to impinge upon the flamel all around with equal intensity. Without the perforated plate U, or its equivalent, it is impossible to obtain a perfect combustion from a large-sized burner. The perforations b in the lower part ot' the cap D admit a current of air each side ot' the cap, as indicated by the arrows. This invention is important, for many burning materials are now sold which differ only in the amount of carbon they contain, and which can only be perfectly consumed by a proper admission of air to them. Articles ot' the same name-as coal-oil, for insta-nce-frequentl y dilier in this respect, and hence a perfect or good illuminating-flame has not hitherto been obtained at all times.

I am fully aware that perforated tin and gauze-Wire have been used in miner-s lanterns, and that holes have been used in the caps ot' camphene-lamps for round Wicks, many years ago, but I am not' aware that they have ever been used in connection for the purpose set forth, prior to my invention for flat-Wick lamps.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. The perforated plate or airdistributer C,

or its equivalent, as shown in Fig. 2, for the purpose of regulating the elastic force of the air so that it may be presented evenly to the iiame when applied to flat-Wick lamps, it being placed horizontal.

2. rlhe pertorations b in the lower part of the cap D7 as shown at Fig. 1, in combination

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