USRE6591E - Improvement in systems of steam and water piping for buildings - Google Patents

Description

J. H. MILLS.

System of Steam and Water-Piping for, Buildings.

v No. 6,591, my] ReissuedAug.l0,1875.

717M nleasw. JoF-umHMiZla.

. Boston, in the county of System of Piping -tion,

heating a single pipe was has not entirely removed the conflict the denser and heavier elements,

UNITED STATES PATENT Orr'rcn:

JOHN MILLS, or BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS,

IMPROVEMENT lN SYSTEMS 0F STEAM AND WATER PIPING FOR BUlLDINGS Specification forming part of Letters -Patent No. 115,962, dated December 30, 1873: reissue N0; 6,5 9l, dated August 10 1875; application filed June in 1875.

1 J v s To all whom it may concern:

Be it known thatI, JOHN H. MILLs, of Sufl'olk and State of have invented an Improved for Buildings to be heated by steam, or which the following is a specifi- Massachusetts,

cation This invention relates to a new and improved method of piping for buildings to be heated with steam, whereby the costof steamheat is reduced and a more simple and efiicient apparatus is supplied.

Prior to my experiments and the perfection of the invention now under consideration, the theory and practice of engineers and experts was reduced to the employment of two pipes, and, as far as*possible, a separation of the steam and the water resulting from condensathus rendering necessary two connections to each radiator and the employment of two valves which required to be opened and closed simultaneously, or the radiators would become filled with water. I

In the earlier stages of low-pressure steamtried, but the glaring defects of the arrangements (viz., supplying the steam upward against the descending water of condensation, and thereby causing noise and an impeded circulation in both pipes and radiators) soon caused the same to be abandoned. The later practice, and that in vogue prior to my invention, (viz., the employment of two pipes, oneto supply the steam,

4A steam-radiator,

stories G H of the structure, while a pipe, I, extends from the upper part of the main su-pand the other to carry ofl' the'water of condensatiom) while greatly increasing the cost, of the elements. thus brought into juxtaposition, for steam, air, and water will not move harmoniously together until their relative specific gravit'ies are duly considered and provision made therefor.

Under my system no conflict is possible, for the steam, being conducted from the generator through one or more vertical mains to apoint above the heating devices, and fromthence distributed downward, is always on the top of which, thus arranged, move on in harmony with the law of gravity and without impediment both in their assage from the radiators and in their return- It will also be evident. to

to the genera tor.

at P,

those at all conversant with the operation of steam-heating that, once having, conductedthe steam to a point above the radiators, and

arranged for the escape of the air at the lowest, (but above, the waterdine of the boiler,) the question of a perfect, would be no'longer a doubtful one.

The drawings accompanyingthis specif cation represent, inFigure 1, a sectional view of a building of several stories or floors embody ing my system of steam-piping. Fig. 2 is a section on an enlarged scale of a portionot' the down or return part of the pipe and the drip-pipe of the radiator, pla'i'ned.

In the drawing, tor, of any suitable-character, placed in the collar or basement B of the structure 0; afiixedto such. generator is a main supply-- pipe or conduit, 1), which rises vertically and 'extendstoa point in the building above which the highest radiator or coils are to be located. F, is placed in each of the ply-pipe D, horizontally or slightly descending to' the side or other wall, thence directly downward to the lower part of the basement or cellar B, in which the generator is placed,

and discharges into such generator. A pipe;

J, extends from the branchor return pipe I to, and communicateswith, each radiator at the upper part thereof, while the outlet Orescape pipe K of such radiators, leading from the bottom thereof, and for'carrying' off the water of condensation, connects with and discharges into the said drop-pipe I, as shown in the. drawing. L I

At a point on the down or'retiirn pipe I, below the first or lowest radiator,.and'above the water-line of the boiler-as, for instance, within the basement B-I arrange a valve, 10, designed to permit the escape of air. This valve, when the apparatus is -put in opera ation, is left open, so that the airex'pelled from the piping and from the several radiators by the advancing steam shall find'veut at the point P. The air will have been discharged when the steam begins to blow through the discharge-pipe. P, at which '7 time the valve should be closed; Thus I am enabled-tapronoiseless circulation to be hereinafter ex".-

A denotes a stcam genera.

' turthermore,

tem of steam-piping ion of the structure,

all the air that may and radiators; and, to locate this vent at apoint where the foul. air and noxious gases can be got rid of without inconvenience to the occupants oi the building. Heretofore it has been customary to provide each radiator with a vent, and the air has been'discharged directly into the room' in which the radiator was located. Y I

The advantage of my venting arrangement, which is rendered practical by my sysis therefore apparent. 0 represents a suitable coupling attached to the main supply-pipe D in each story or divisthe same being provided with a valve, 0; to these couplings a hose may be attached in case of fire, or through which steam may be discharged directly into the apartment without the intervention of hose. A valve, a, may be placed in' such down pipe I, departing from the main supply-pipe D, near to its junction with the latter, to shut off vidc one common vent for be contained in the pipin the steam from either partof the pipe, when desirable, and a valve, 1, is also to be attached to each radiator, near the inlet-pipe, or to the pipe itself, as shown in Fig. 1, to govern the amount of steam admitted to such radiator.

. The operation of the above-described method is as follows: Steam under pressure from the the same, doused, and the resultant water flows through the outlet or drip pipe K into the pipe 1, and directly down thclatter, without himlcrance or check, Where it is discharged into the generator A.

Having described my invention, what I claim isi 1. The herein-described system of steamheating, the same con tion of one or more main pipes, conveying the steam without distribution to a point above the radiators, with branch piping, conveying the steam downward, and serving at one and the same time to supply steam to and conduct the water of condensation from the radiators, the steam, one direction toward the boiler, as shown.

In asystem of steam-heating, comprising an overhead supply, the combination of the radiators or coils with the branch or return piping entering below the water-line of the boiler, as shown and described.

3. The combination, with a system of steampipiug and radiators connected therewith and operating as described, of an air vent or valve located on the branch or return piping at a point below the first or lowestradiator, but

. above the water-line of the boiler, as shown and described.

JOHN H. MILLS.

' Witnesses: F. P. HALE, F. O. HALE.

and parting with its heat, it is con sisting in the combiua water,.and air moving together in p

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