US1509810A - Heating system - Google Patents

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US1509810A
US1509810A US579558A US57955822A US1509810A US 1509810 A US1509810 A US 1509810A US 579558 A US579558 A US 579558A US 57955822 A US57955822 A US 57955822A US 1509810 A US1509810 A US 1509810A
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radiator
pipe
heating
local
boiler
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US579558A
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John F Macindoe
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IRVING REICHNER L
L IRVING REICHNER
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IRVING REICHNER L
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24DDOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D3/00Hot-water central heating systems
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16KVALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K15/00Check valves
    • F16K15/02Check valves with guided rigid valve members
    • F16K15/06Check valves with guided rigid valve members with guided stems
    • F16K15/063Check valves with guided rigid valve members with guided stems the valve being loaded by a spring
    • F16K15/066Check valves with guided rigid valve members with guided stems the valve being loaded by a spring with a plurality of valve members
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24DDOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D19/00Details
    • F24D19/10Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F24D19/1006Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems
    • F24D19/1009Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for central heating
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24HFLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/22Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating
    • F24H1/38Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water contained in separate elements, e.g. radiator-type element
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/7722Line condition change responsive valves
    • Y10T137/7771Bi-directional flow valves
    • Y10T137/7779Axes of ports parallel
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/7722Line condition change responsive valves
    • Y10T137/7837Direct response valves [i.e., check valve type]
    • Y10T137/7838Plural
    • Y10T137/7839Dividing and recombining in a single flow path
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/7722Line condition change responsive valves
    • Y10T137/7837Direct response valves [i.e., check valve type]
    • Y10T137/7904Reciprocating valves
    • Y10T137/7922Spring biased
    • Y10T137/7929Spring coaxial with valve
    • Y10T137/7939Head between spring and guide

Definitions

  • This invention relates to hot water heating systems for buildings, and the principal object of the invention is to permit of a more economical operation of the system during Weather conditions or when the maintenance of the entire system in full operation is undesirable or would resultn an unnecessary wasteof fuel.
  • This ob ect is accomplished according to the present invention by subdividing an ordinary hot water circulating system into a plurality of local paths of c1rcu diator and an auxiliary'water heating means operable independent of the primary water heater or boiler so that one or more radiators may be heated without the necessity of operating the entire system or maintaining a fire under the primary boiler.
  • Another objecto'f the invention is to provide improvements in a localized hot water circulating system of the character above set forth, wherein each radiator in a local path of circulation may be connected under controllable conditions to a constai: i. pressure source of water supply, so that the system may be filled to capacity automatically and without attention.
  • a ,still further object of the invention is to provide improvements in a localized hot water circulating system which includes an overflow tank for maintaining the system in filled condition, and an automatically oper-.
  • each local path including a ra- Serial 110,579,558.
  • Figure 111- is a View in horizontal section taken on the line III-III of Fig. II.
  • Figure IV is a view in longitudinal sectionof a controlling device, one of which is embodied in each local path of circulation and for convenience enclosing the elements in a single casing;
  • Figure V is a detailed view in elevation, with parts in section showing a controlling device in which the parts are formed for convenience of standard fittings.
  • A, B, and C designate respectively three heating branches of a continuous hotwater heating system in which the hot water supply pipe is indicated at 10 and the return pipe at 11..
  • the radiators within the several heating branches are indicated at 12, 13, and 14.
  • the inlet of each radiator is connected by means of a riser 15 to vthe supply pipe 10, while the discharge openings .of the several radiators are connected by means of drop lines 16 to the return pipe 11 of the system.
  • Each riser is controlled at a point adjacent the radiator by means of a valve 17 in the usual manner.
  • Each riser 15 is tapped at an intermediate point for connection to a local riser 18, the other end of which is in communication with the delivery end of a water heater or auxiliary boiler as distinguished from the primary boiler of the system, the auxiliary boiler being indicated generally at 19 an shown in detail in Figures II and III, wherein 20 indicates a cylindrical casing mounted upon a suitable base 21 and topped at its upper end by means of a dome shaped cover 22. Mounted within the casing in vertical spaced relation is a pair of circular headers 23 and 24, connected by means of a series of vertical water tubes 25.
  • a pair of annular baffle plates 26 are mounted in spaced relation within the casing to enclose the series of tubes 25, and a disk bafile plate 27 is mounted within the series of tubes 25 at a point intermediate the annular baflle plates 26, so as to provide an undulatory path for gases progressing vertically from a burner 28 located at the bottom of thecasing, the gases passing around the lower header 24 and around the upper header 23, after passing through and between the aforesaid tubes and battle plates.
  • the riser 18 is connected to a lateral opening of the header 23, while a local drop line 29 is connected to a lateral intake port of the lower header 24 and to the drop line 16 of its local heating branch.
  • a control valve 30 is interposed in each drop line 16 at a pointbetween the connection thereof with the drop pipe 11 and its associated local return line 29.
  • a valve 31 is interposed in each riser 15 at a point between its connection to the supply pipe 10 and the local riser 18.
  • continuous hot water circulating systems are provided with an expansion tank 32 located at a maximum height and connected by means of a stand pipe 33 with the main return pipell of the system.
  • the present invention contemplates the connection of each local heating branch with the stand pipe 33,
  • a controlling device indicated generally at 35 and shown in detail by Figure IV of the drawings, wherein 36 indicates a casing having inlet and outlet openings, at each end and subdivided by means of a transverse partition 37.
  • the partition 37 is perforated to provide two valve openings 38 and 39, the latter being controlled by means of an ordinary spring pressed check valve 40, which opens toward the radiator or in the direction of flow of water from the expansion tank 32 to the radiator.
  • the other opening 38 is controlled by means of a valve 41, having a pair of oppositely extending valve stems 42 and 43, the former 42 operating within a guide 44, extending from the wall of the casing 36, and the latter 43, sliding within the bore of a threaded adjusting member 45, adjustably I held within the removable end cover of the casing 36 and having a dished collar formed therewith as indicated at 46.
  • any one of the radiators may be thoroughly understood by referring to one of the branches, for instance, A, wherein the first step consists in adjusting the valves 30 and 31 of that particular branch to closed position and then lighting the burner 28 within the auxiliary boiler or heater 19 of the said branch.
  • the degree of heat furnished may be adjusted by controlling the flow of heating medium to the burner 19, which may be a liquid fuel or gas; or, the heat furnished may be of any other convenient character.
  • the products of combustion of the gas burner may be conducted to the open air without contaminating the atmosphere of a living room, and in this respect the present invention is differentiated from others in the art designed to heat a radiator locally by means of a burner embodied within the radiator itself and the operatioa of which would necessarily withdraw oxygen from the air of the living room and exchange the same for obnoxious gases.
  • the present invention contemplates among its-several features the inclusion of means for automaticallyfilling each radiator within a local path of circulation, and'this is brought about by connecting each radiator in the heating branches A, B and C, to the stand pipe .33 of the ex pansion tank 32 in the manner described, in which connection the controlling. device 35 is interposed. Should the water within the radiator of the branch A, for instance, be partially exhausted by evaporation, the loss will be automatically replaced by opening of the check valve 40 against the pressure of water in the expansion tank 32, when the valve controlled air vent with which the radiator is ordinarily supplied is opened and retained in open position until water issues therefrom.
  • the pressure therein due, either to expansion of trapped air within the upper portion of the radiator, or to expansion of steam, may be retained therein by one or both of two means, namely: by the head of the Water in the pipe 33, or-the force of the spring 47, which acts to re- Thetain the valve 41 in closed position.
  • head of the water in the stand pipe 33 will of course be added to the tension of the spring 47 and hence the tension of the lat ter should be adjusted by manipulation of the'member 45, so as to prevent the generation of pressure within the radiator beyond the limit of safety for which its construction is designed.
  • the pipe 34' is formed of two sections out of alignment, one of which is connected to a section of pipe 49, having a right angle branch 50, which is connected to a casing 51, having a valve controlled aperture 52 entering a pipe section 53, which may be parallel to the pipe section 49.
  • the pipe section 53 is provided with a right angle branch 54, having a T-oonnection with the pipe sections 34 and 49 at a point betweentheir point of connection, and interposed in the bend 54 is a check valve 55, hav-- ing a function corresponding to that of the valve 40 of the controlling device shown in Figure IV.
  • the other section of the pipe 'IV The operation of this modified form of controlling device is the same as that performed b the first mentioned form, and will be -0 vious upon examination of the drawings.
  • a heating branch containing a radiator with a riser and a drop line respectively connecting said radiator to the supply and return pipes of the system, a conduit for shunting the radiator connected into the riser and into the drop line, valves interposed in said riser and drop line permitting the radiator to be shunted through the con; duit, a heater interposed in said conduit for heating the water to set up a local path of circulation which includes'the radiator and conduit, and means permitting the accumulation of pressure in the radiator to a predetermined point and escape therefrom of any excess pressure into the system.
  • a heating branch containing a radiator with a riser and a drop line respectively connecting said radiator to the supply and return pipes of the system, a conduit interposed between the riser and drop line and in communication therewith, a water heater comprising a boiler having its inlet and outlet openings connected in the conduit to form a continuation of the latter,- a burner for heatingthe boiler whereby the water may be heated to set up a local path-of circulation including the radiator, conduit and boiler, and means permitting the accumulation of pressure in the radiator and the escape therefrom of any excess pressure into the system.
  • a continuous hot water circulating system including a heating branch having a radiator'therein, a shunt in said branch local path of circulation to set up motion therein, an expansion tank for flooding the system, a connection between sald expansion tank and the heating branch, means in said connection permitting the radiator to fill automatically to replace accumulated air, and means in said connection permitting the accumulation of pressure in the radiator to a point overcoming the head in the expansion tank and thereafter to permit the release of pressure from the radiator.

Description

Sept. 23, 1924. 1,509,810
- J. F. M INDOE HEATING SYSTEM Filed Aug. 4, 1922 2 Sheets-Sheet l I N VE N TOR:
. J.'F. M lNDOE HEATING SYSTEM 1922 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Aug. 4,
Patented Sept. 23, 1924.
J'OHN F. MAoINDbE, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF PATENT OFFICE.
TO I. IRVING REICHNER, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.
HEATING SYSTEM.
Application filed August 4,1922.
To all whom it may concern:
Be it known that I, JOHN F. MACINDO-E, a citizen of'the United States, residing at Philadelphia, county of Philadelphia, State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new ahd useful Improvements in Heating Systems, whereof the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings.
This invention relates to hot water heating systems for buildings, and the principal object of the invention is to permit of a more economical operation of the system during Weather conditions or when the maintenance of the entire system in full operation is undesirable or would resultn an unnecessary wasteof fuel. This ob ect is accomplished according to the present invention by subdividing an ordinary hot water circulating system into a plurality of local paths of c1rcu diator and an auxiliary'water heating means operable independent of the primary water heater or boiler so that one or more radiators may be heated without the necessity of operating the entire system or maintaining a fire under the primary boiler.
Another objecto'f the invention is to provide improvements in a localized hot water circulating system of the character above set forth, wherein each radiator in a local path of circulation may be connected under controllable conditions to a constai: i. pressure source of water supply, so that the system may be filled to capacity automatically and without attention. y
A ,still further object of the invention is to provide improvements in a localized hot water circulating system which includes an overflow tank for maintaining the system in filled condition, and an automatically oper-.
able means for controlling pressure generated within a shunted and-heated radiator to permit a rise of pressure Within the radiator to overcome the head in the expansion tank and to automatically permit the release of excessive pressure. y
In addition to the foregoing this invention comprehends improvements in the details of construction and arrangement of the correlated parts to. be hereinafter set forth ation, each local path including a ra- Serial 110,579,558.
,of a preferred form of water heater employed in a local path of circulation and forming part of the present invention.
Figure 111- is a View in horizontal section taken on the line III-III of Fig. II.
Figure IV is a view in longitudinal sectionof a controlling device, one of which is embodied in each local path of circulation and for convenience enclosing the elements in a single casing; and
Figure V is a detailed view in elevation, with parts in section showing a controlling device in which the parts are formed for convenience of standard fittings.
With reference to Figure I of the drawings, A, B, and C designate respectively three heating branches of a continuous hotwater heating system in which the hot water supply pipe is indicated at 10 and the return pipe at 11.. The radiators within the several heating branches are indicated at 12, 13, and 14. The inlet of each radiator is connected by means of a riser 15 to vthe supply pipe 10, while the discharge openings .of the several radiators are connected by means of drop lines 16 to the return pipe 11 of the system. Each riser is controlled at a point adjacent the radiator by means of a valve 17 in the usual manner. Each riser 15 is tapped at an intermediate point for connection to a local riser 18, the other end of which is in communication with the delivery end of a water heater or auxiliary boiler as distinguished from the primary boiler of the system, the auxiliary boiler being indicated generally at 19 an shown in detail in Figures II and III, wherein 20 indicates a cylindrical casing mounted upon a suitable base 21 and topped at its upper end by means of a dome shaped cover 22. Mounted within the casing in vertical spaced relation is a pair of circular headers 23 and 24, connected by means of a series of vertical water tubes 25. A pair of annular baffle plates 26 are mounted in spaced relation within the casing to enclose the series of tubes 25, and a disk bafile plate 27 is mounted within the series of tubes 25 at a point intermediate the annular baflle plates 26, so as to provide an undulatory path for gases progressing vertically from a burner 28 located at the bottom of thecasing, the gases passing around the lower header 24 and around the upper header 23, after passing through and between the aforesaid tubes and battle plates. The riser 18 is connected to a lateral opening of the header 23, while a local drop line 29 is connected to a lateral intake port of the lower header 24 and to the drop line 16 of its local heating branch. A control valve 30 is interposed in each drop line 16 at a pointbetween the connection thereof with the drop pipe 11 and its associated local return line 29. In a similar manner a valve 31 is interposed in each riser 15 at a point between its connection to the supply pipe 10 and the local riser 18. In accordance with usual practice continuous hot water circulating systems are provided with an expansion tank 32 located at a maximum height and connected by means of a stand pipe 33 with the main return pipell of the system. The present invention contemplates the connection of each local heating branch with the stand pipe 33,
so as to continually flood each radiator automatically. This is effected by means of a pipe 34 which communicates with each and every one of the drop lines 16 of the system.
liiterposed in each drop line connection with the said pipe 34 is a controlling device indicated generally at 35, and shown in detail by Figure IV of the drawings, wherein 36 indicates a casing having inlet and outlet openings, at each end and subdivided by means of a transverse partition 37. The partition 37 is perforated to provide two valve openings 38 and 39, the latter being controlled by means of an ordinary spring pressed check valve 40, which opens toward the radiator or in the direction of flow of water from the expansion tank 32 to the radiator. The other opening 38 is controlled by means of a valve 41, having a pair of oppositely extending valve stems 42 and 43, the former 42 operating within a guide 44, extending from the wall of the casing 36, and the latter 43, sliding within the bore of a threaded adjusting member 45, adjustably I held within the removable end cover of the casing 36 and having a dished collar formed therewith as indicated at 46. A coil spring radiator and transmitted through the drop line 16 thereof and the pipe 34 leading to the controlling device. The adjusting member=45 is conveniently actuated from without the casing 36 and may be locked in adjusted position by means of a jam nut 48, beneath which a washer is interposed to insure a fluid tight joint.
system, so that certain selected rooms of a.
building which are preferably occupied to the exclusion of other rooms may be heated without the necessity of running the primary boiler. The local operation of any one of the radiators may be thoroughly understood by referring to one of the branches, for instance, A, wherein the first step consists in adjusting the valves 30 and 31 of that particular branch to closed position and then lighting the burner 28 within the auxiliary boiler or heater 19 of the said branch. The headers 23 and 2A and connecting tubes 25, being in the path of circulation, the water contained therein is heated and by convection ascends through the riser 15, traverses the radiator and returns through the associated drop line 16 and local drop line 29 to the lower header 24 thus heating the radiator in the branch A, to the exclusion of the other radiators in the branches B and C in a manner entirely independent of the operation of the primary boiler. The
degree of heat furnished may be adusted by controlling the flow of heating medium to the burner 19, which may be a liquid fuel or gas; or, the heat furnished may be of any other convenient character.
Thus, among the several advantages derived from the use of this invention is that occurring during mild weather when the primary boiler may be closed down or shut 011' any one or more of the radiators individually heated by operating their corresponding local heaters or auxiliary boilers, thus ensuring economy in the use of fuel incident to the greater convenience in regulation of a gas heater as compared to a coal heater, such as a furnace or boiler. By locating the gas heaters or auxiliary boilers below the floors or in the basement of the building, the products of combustion of the gas burner may be conducted to the open air without contaminating the atmosphere of a living room, and in this respect the present invention is differentiated from others in the art designed to heat a radiator locally by means of a burner embodied within the radiator itself and the operatioa of which would necessarily withdraw oxygen from the air of the living room and exchange the same for obnoxious gases.
As intimated above the present invention contemplates among its-several features the inclusion of means for automaticallyfilling each radiator within a local path of circulation, and'this is brought about by connecting each radiator in the heating branches A, B and C, to the stand pipe .33 of the ex pansion tank 32 in the manner described, in which connection the controlling. device 35 is interposed. Should the water within the radiator of the branch A, for instance, be partially exhausted by evaporation, the loss will be automatically replaced by opening of the check valve 40 against the pressure of water in the expansion tank 32, when the valve controlled air vent with which the radiator is ordinarily supplied is opened and retained in open position until water issues therefrom. During the local operation of any radiator the pressure therein, due, either to expansion of trapped air within the upper portion of the radiator, or to expansion of steam, may be retained therein by one or both of two means, namely: by the head of the Water in the pipe 33, or-the force of the spring 47, which acts to re- Thetain the valve 41 in closed position. head of the water in the stand pipe 33 will of course be added to the tension of the spring 47 and hence the tension of the lat ter should be adjusted by manipulation of the'member 45, so as to prevent the generation of pressure within the radiator beyond the limit of safety for which its construction is designed. By thus permitting the creation of pressure within the radiator due to generation of steam a higher temperaturemay be obtained than is ordinarily possible in the circulation of water heatedto a temv wherein the pipe 34' is formed of two sections out of alignment, one of which is connected to a section of pipe 49, having a right angle branch 50, which is connected to a casing 51, having a valve controlled aperture 52 entering a pipe section 53, which may be parallel to the pipe section 49. The pipe section 53 is provided with a right angle branch 54, having a T-oonnection with the pipe sections 34 and 49 at a point betweentheir point of connection, and interposed in the bend 54 is a check valve 55, hav-- ing a function corresponding to that of the valve 40 of the controlling device shown in Figure IV. The other section of the pipe 'IV. The operation of this modified form of controlling device is the same as that performed b the first mentioned form, and will be -0 vious upon examination of the drawings.
While I have disclosed a specific form of auxiliary boiler which I deem to be of a preferred and most eflicient construction the system disclosed nevertheless permits the incorporation therein of any other type of'boiler or water heater found suitable for the purpose.
Having thus described my invention, I claim:
1. In a continuous hot water circulating system including supply and return pipes, a heating branch containing a radiator with a riser and a drop line respectively connecting said radiator to the supply and return pipes of the system, a conduit for shunting the radiator connected into the riser and into the drop line, valves interposed in said riser and drop line permitting the radiator to be shunted through the con; duit, a heater interposed in said conduit for heating the water to set up a local path of circulation which includes'the radiator and conduit, and means permitting the accumulation of pressure in the radiator to a predetermined point and escape therefrom of any excess pressure into the system.
2. In a continuous'hot water circulating system including supply and return pipes, a heating branch containing a radiator with a riser and a drop line respectively connecting said radiator to the supply and return pipes of the system, a conduit interposed between the riser and drop line and in communication therewith, a water heater comprising a boiler having its inlet and outlet openings connected in the conduit to form a continuation of the latter,- a burner for heatingthe boiler whereby the water may be heated to set up a local path-of circulation including the radiator, conduit and boiler, and means permitting the accumulation of pressure in the radiator and the escape therefrom of any excess pressure into the system.
3. In a continuous hot water circulating system including a heating branch having a radiator'therein, a shunt in said branch local path of circulation to set up motion therein, an expansion tank for flooding the system, a connection between sald expansion tank and the heating branch, means in said connection permitting the radiator to fill automatically to replace accumulated air, and means in said connection permitting the accumulation of pressure in the radiator to a point overcoming the head in the expansion tank and thereafter to permit the release of pressure from the radiator.
In testimony whereof, I have hereunto signed my name atPhiladelphia, Pennsylvania, thls first day of August, 1922.
JOHN F. MAUINDOE.
Witnesses:
JAMESH. BELL, CEILA M. ROGERS.
US579558A 1922-08-04 1922-08-04 Heating system Expired - Lifetime US1509810A (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2483154A (en) * 1945-07-05 1949-09-27 Cornercroft Ltd Electric heating system for buildings
US2663787A (en) * 1952-02-18 1953-12-22 Carl Z Alexander Heating device
US4529003A (en) * 1983-03-21 1985-07-16 Syntex, Inc. Manifold

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2483154A (en) * 1945-07-05 1949-09-27 Cornercroft Ltd Electric heating system for buildings
US2663787A (en) * 1952-02-18 1953-12-22 Carl Z Alexander Heating device
US4529003A (en) * 1983-03-21 1985-07-16 Syntex, Inc. Manifold

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