USRE594E - Improvement in steam-boilers - Google Patents

Description

F. P. 'DIMPPEL STEAK BOILER.

RESSUED AUG. 31, 1358.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

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003888 S S3 O OO gg OO v'OQOOOOOO UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

i1f 1. DDIPFEL, UF llllLAl)ELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

IMPROVEMENT IN STEAM-soirees.

Specification forming Letters Patent No. 14,555, dated April 1, 1856; Reissue No. 59/1, dated Augustl, i

Figure 1 is a plan of my improved boiler with portions ofthe outer shell removed to exhibit the internal arran gements; Fig. 2, alongitudinal vertical section takenat the line A a of Fig. l, and Figs. 3 and 4 cross vertical scc- 'tions taken at the line B b and C c'of Fig ll.

The same letters indicate like parts in all the figures.

The rst part of my'invention relates to af lncthodof consuming the small particles of r coal which are carried by the force of 'thc'blast from the fire-chamber into the lines, and which, if not consumed, .clog the tlues.

This part of my invention consists in Aconnecting with the main flue of thc boiler one or more vessels or receptacles with small apertures at or near the bottom thereof for the admission of atmospheric air, which vessel or -rcceptacleis fitted to a hole in the bottom of Athe main tine back of the tire-chamber and highly-heated state, the supply of atmospheric air through the small apertures at or near the bottom of the .said receptacle induces combustion, which consumesthem as festas they are supplied. In this Way the clogging .of the fines vis prevented and the heat in the lines increased.` A

The second part of my invention relates to the disposition of the iiue for directing the products ofcombustion from among the Watertubes in thc main ue to the smoke-box by a mode of construction which at the same time facilitates the introduction and removal ofthe water-tubes for the purposes of repairs.

In the construction of tubular boilers heref tofore secured to lme'by' Letters Patent the rear-ends of the horizontal part of thawatertubes havabeen secured'to a single tubesheet, andv the products of combustion, after circulating'. among .the tubes, have been dcflected and carried by a ue at top or bottom around the edges `of the tubesheet to the smoke-box behind.;v This vmode of construction has been found to be objectionable, for thev reason that the deflection of they products of combustion` prevents the heat from acting onthe rear ends of the middle tubes', and the tube-sheet, being a single plate, required the tubes, when taken out forrepairs, to be removed through the front or furnace door, Whichfor thatjeason had to be located with special reference to the removal of the tubes.

To avoid the defects above enumerated,`this part of my invention consists i-n making the back ytubesheet'in two' parts, .or with a` space cutout in the middle to form a ltine-space leading from the middle of the group of tubes to the smoke-box behind. By this' means the products of combustion' will have a more direct action on the rear ends of the tubes, and the middle line-spaceleading to the smokebox will facilitate the removal of the water- "tubes The third part of my invention relates to the arrangement of the bent-up ends of the Watertubes where they are connected with the crown-plate ofthe furnace. Asthe Watertubes are curved or bent up at their forward end, the inner ones of the series cannot be taken out and replaced for the purpose of re-v pairs unless the spaces between them be greater than their diameter. To place the tubes all at a distance apart greater than their external diameter would make the amount of heating-surface'too`small for the size towhich locomotive or marine boilers are limited. Gonvenience for rep'airs requires the tubes to be far apart. The amount of steam required t-o be generated within a given size of locomotive-.

ing the. rst part of my invention, will call for' a greater amount of space-between the tubesmy invention consists in connecting the ben tup end ofthe water-tubes with thecrown-sheet of the boiler in aseries of double rows in the Y, direction of the llength ofl the boiler, placing, y the tubes constituting each double row,4 very near to each other, and the doubleows at a greater-'distance apartfthani'f'th'e' external Vdiameter of the severabtubes. In 4this way any tube whentdisonnected can be removed -l-aterail'yffoone of the wide spaces tobe drawn out, the required amount .of space is given for thel increased volume of flame and heated gases, while atthe same time-a greater number'oftubescanbe putin a boiler of' given" size than if the spaces between the several. tubes were greater lthan the external diameter of the tubes. The iiame and gases passv ing up freely in the wide spaces will spread laterally, and thus act with nearly as good an effect as it' wide spaceswere left betweenall the rows of tubes.

' The Afourth part of my invention consists in interposingnet-work orplate between the-rearV end of the flue and the smoke-stack and the exhaust-pipe,-for'the regulatingbfthe escape of the'products-ot"combustiony from the iiue and the evolution of ,thefgases and sparks in the smoke-box; and the-'last part of my inven- 'tion consists in combining witlfa Vdelectingsurface in the smoke-box a receptacle for the sparks or neparticles of coal, so that anaccumulation of sparks in the smoke-box shall net obstruet;,or-interfere with the draft, or

- the consumption of -the sparks upon the floor Vof the smoke-box shall not burn out the`floor.

In the accompanying drawings, which rep-y resent al boilcrhaving all the characteristic features described in Letters Patent granted to me by the' United States, and bearing date the 16th day of July, 1850, a are the water-x tubes, the bent-up ends of which are securedV `to the crown-sheet b ofthe furnace in a series e of double rows'in the directionof the length of the boiler, the spaces between the\\two single rows constituting the double rows being less than the. external diameter of: the tubes, and

kthe spaces between thejd'ouble yrowsbeing'- greater than/the external diameter ofthe said row as ydesirable with the .view to obtain a great amount cf heatingsurface within a boiler` f'of" limited size. 'The rear end of the tubes on r one side of the boiler are secured to a tubesheet, d, and the other half to another and` :tire by corresponding tube-sheet, d', on the other side.

A space, e, is left between the two tube-sheets, in which space is formed a tine leading from the main flue f among the tubes to the smokebox g behind, and forward of this flue" there is a cheek or deiieetor, gL placed in theniddle space between the f les of tubes, so that the prodjcts of l eoinb'ustion traveling rearward shall be' deflected to the right and to the left among the/tubes, and then back 'again among the-,tubes to reach the central`tlue leading to the smoke-box. In practice I have found that -two checks or detlectors were more useful than one.' In this way the heated gases have a-full and'enicient'action on the tubes. A wiregauzed'net-work, h, ,orlplate more or less performed, is attached to the rear vend of the flue and interposed betw'een'it and the smoke-stack andthe usual exhaust-pipet' in the smoke-box. The sparks are th'us detiected into the recept-acle e', the gases and products of combustion revolve'd, and the burning out of the bottom of the smoke-box prevented. It will be seen that by opening the'usual door in the back-of the smoke-box and taking out the wire-gauze at the rear end of theiiue e a convenient space isobtained through which the water-'tubes can be taken ou and reinsertedwith facility-'with-v out the'necessity of/loeating the door of theA furnace fr'spec'4 purpose ot' repairs, and

which in som Instances would be attended `with-seriou dini .y e The ash-.pan j. under the grate ,is- 'constructed with a false bottom, k, of sheet metal,

leaving an open space, l, between it and the ymain bottom m.; ,Thisfsp'ace or channel-way isl left open/at one end, n, which maybe term ed'the' front 7 when the locomotive is moving forward, that air may be-forced into the space lby-the travel of 'the engine through the air, and as the air passes through this space it will be heated by the false bottom, which derives its heat by radiation from the nre on the grate. above. The false bottom does-not extend the whole' length of the ashpan, and an-opening, o,is left atthe rear end, through which the heated air is forced in lan unbroken column into the ash-pan tof-blow the fire on the grate. l In this way an elicient blast of heated air isyproduced to blow the the mere forward motion of the locomotive. As a modification of the construction of the .ash-panherein described, the grate-bars p are "made hollow and-open at each end, the front end to receive air'` by the travel of the loco- ,motive through the air, andthe other end opening into the ash-panter the discharge of the air, which `is thusfforced through each grate-'bar in lan unbroken column and Vd ischarged into the ash-pan to excite the tire,

The admission'of the blast in an unbroken column or columns through the channel-way under the false bottom of the ash-pan or through the hollow grate-bars, or either, in

'contradistinction- 'to introducing theair directly into theash-pan through au aperture y in front, eectually prevents eddies in the asn-pan, which is known frequently to force portions of fire out of the aperture through vwhich the air enters. The aperture or pas- 'sage `between the main and ilse bottom I should-be provided with a damper, fr, to 'regur late the blast or to shut o', at the pleasure 'of the engineer. Back of the fire-chamber a hole, s, is made inthe bottom of the ina-in ue, to y.which is fitted a cylindrical er other shaped receptacle, t', having a bottom pierced with small holes'u, and back of the tubes und due is another receptacle, e. These receptacles lcan be lined inside with tire-clay or other reffractory substance, or protected from heat by ,surrounding water. rlust back of the receptacle t therei's a check or deflector, c, in the main flue. As the gaseous products of conibustion are impelled from the tire-chamber lthrough the main fine they are checked and deflected to the right and left by the deiiector'v. This checks the momentum of the small particles 4of coal which are carried out of the tirechamber by the force of the current, and,

being checked, they fall in the receptacle and are there consumed. Vhenthey fall in the 'receptaclefthey are in a highly-heated state, and some of them in a state of ignition, and,

`'being supplied with air through the small apertures-in the bottom of the receptacle, combustioncontinues until they are emirelycon- ''sumed. V In this Way the iiues are prevented -from being choked by the accumulation yof solid particlesof coa-l, and heat is evolved from'fuel which would otherwise be wasted.'

. If `the supply of a-ir be too greet, the particles of .coal will be cooled below the point'of igni ition, and in n short time the receptacle will be filled with solid particles of coal, which, if

not removed, will permit the evil to go on that vis so desirable to avoid.

^ VVhatI claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent in the construe` carried lby the force-of the blast or draft- -t'rom'the re-chamberinto the tlues, the' said stantially as herein described, forming a, singie Hue in the middlc'fc-r the passage of the products of combustion from the main iiue 'surrounding the water-tubes to the smohebox, when `this is connected with a check ordeiector placed in themnin [lue among the watertubes and in front of the said middle fiue,sub stantially :is described, to prevent the products of combustion from takinga direct course vto the said' middle tine, as described.

3. Arranging' the bent-up ends of the watertubes where they are connected with the crown sheet ofthcfurnacein a series of double longitudinal rows, and leaving spaces between the double rows of greater width than the external diameter of the weiter-tubes, substantially as described, to admit of taking out and inserting` the tubes,while in other re-v spects .the said tubes may be placed as near to each other as may be desired. v

i 4. Interposiugthenet-work or platebetween the rear end of the lue and the smoke-stack and the exhaust-pipe, as and for the purposes herein set forth. f

5. Combiningwith the decctor-in the smoke-V `box the receptacle for the sparks or fine particles of coal-dust, substantially as herein de scribed, for preventing the spar'lisfrom being consumed or accumulating inthe smoke-box and interfering with the draft, as herein set forth.

' F. P. DIMPFEL.'

Witnesses THOMPSON BLACK, HUGH McAFnn.

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