USRE4771E - sinclair - Google Patents

Description

" bastion-chamber, all

UNITED STATES PATENT '.LOEEICE.

GEORGE-i NCLAIR, OF LEITU, SCOTLAND.

iMeacvEMEN'r in APPARATUS Fen T'Eearine PAPER sTofv Spccilicntion forming part of Leiters Patent No. lldatevd january 10,".1871 reissue No. 4,4771, dated February 27, 1872,

Specification describing certain Iniprove- 'ments in a new and improved construction 'direct action or radiation ot' heat from the thune or gaseous products of combustion from l ordinary i'orins ot' fuel and furnaces through an outer shell or case; and the invention fur- .tlrergsubstantially consists in making the said 'outer sn'ell or boiler, of the siiid`i'ili`rposes, iii" a long cylindrical and strong forni with a thin inner closely-peribrated casing or vessel D, supported at a short distance from and all round its'inner heating or radiating surface, and in the arrangement ot' a central perforated tube within the boiler, for the purpose ot' cans ing a more forcible or free circulation of the liquid currents by passing up the narrow annular space between the outer and inner vessel, and vertically and laterally through the fibrous niateriah'and down through the ceni tral tube, and in the provision cfa supply chamber; and also in the arrangement ot' obstructing` plates, forming a spira-l iiue in the annular space or colnbustioirchainber between 'the boiler and the wall of the furnace or coni:

as hereinafter more particularly described.

In the accompanying drawing, Figure l is a vert-ical section of iny newl and improved boiler. Fig. 2 is a horizontal section ot' thev saine taken on the line'r in Fig. 1.

Similarletters of reference indicate corresponding parts. A

The main shell A oi' the improved pulp-pre` paring boiler is of a long, narrow, cylindrical shape, otsneh a diameter that it will be ot snflicient strength', and allow the contents placed within it to be easily heated through ,from the outer circumference. I prefer to construct it with a diameter of from two to four feet, and with a llength of from three to six diameters, and to make. it of the best malleable lent Asuitable fastening. 'maceditlnn a' eonljned' walled heating-'flue iron or steel-boiler plate, secured by double ,The top opening A can be closed by a screw cap, A/',with a similarcap,A/,can be used for closing the pipe A". These caps can be provided with. turned tlanges inade Huid-pressure tight by tine grooves and rings of copper 'wire1 er other equivalent simple joints; or oth erwise the lianges may be tightened by screw-l bolts passed through them, or other equiva- 'lhe niain boilerA is or chamber, B, oibriclcwork, having the heated products of combustion from an ordinary fun nace, C, passed into and up through the chamber B,so as to act` on the outer surface ot' the boiler A. Vithin the boiler A is set up an inner easing or Vessel, l), formed ofthin sheetinetal plates,- closely perforated with small holes, or of strong wire-cloth; in either case it is secured to vthe outer shell or vessel A by small short stays or studs, or other equivalent;

ihstenings, to retain the perforated vessel anv inch o r two from the interior ot' the-outer heat ing vessel A, all round and opposite to where the heat impinges or is iin-parted to it. Thus the outer hot shell A is'prevented from touching, overheatin g, or burning the fibrous mata' rials which are all placedand kept within the inner perforated vessel D, and so as to heat the liquor or .lyes within the 'narrow annular space a, between the outer and inner vessels A l), and cause it to circulate freely up the Aspace a, over the open top, down the' center ot' the perforated vessel l), and through the Wood material within ,'it, and out through the openings or periorations of the same toward the bottom into the lal'inular space a again, as indicated by the arrows, all so as to pass verticalllyT and laterally through the bodyvof the.

fibrous materials being treated, and thus thoroughl.)T boil and reduce them. In some cases the fibrous material is apt to pack so closely as to prevent the said free circulation of the' liquid through it, and then the object of the treat-,ment is vonllir partlyattained. To 0briate this result or to insure the thorough permeation ot' the material I have. provided a long "rlosely-perforated tube or pipe, d, down the center ot' the vessel D and materials init, as shown in Fig. 1, by preference close or perforated at the top and open at the lower end, all for the purpose of insuring the passage of the A liquid currents down and out laterally through the pert'orat-ions ot' said pipe and through the materials being treated, as indicated by the arrows in Fig.` 1. is made to project vertically through the brickworkat the top, for the convenience of filling the vessel D, while the discharge-pipe A,

projecting laterally out through the brickwork at the lower end of the inner casing D, and near that ot' the vessel A, for the more easy withdrawal of the solid librous materialfrom the inner vessel D, into other portable or stationary apparatus for subsequent treament. A small supplyT vessel, E, I`by preference of a .spherical or it. may be of a strong eylinllrical form, is placed above the boiler A land struc ture B. The upper parts of both vessels A and E are connected by a small pipe,.El, while another small pipe, E?, leads from the bottom ot' the supply-vessel E into the side of the boiler A and inner vessel D, lboth pipes E" E2 being provided with controlling-valves F1 FZ.

The boiler A is huilt vertically in the heatng-chamber B, with an annular flue-heating yspace all roundv it, and is set by its lo wer strong ""rconical end on the brickwork. The flame and the chipped wood or wood shavings, esparto, or other fibrous material to be treated is put l. into and retained within the inner peribrated or wire-cloth vessel D, witha slitiicientcharge Vofeausticy` soda, or strength of the proper alltalineliquid desired, so as to fill the vessel A; to the very topuvith'llthe liquid in the usual proportions; Ilhe cover is then firmly ,screwed down, andthe `smallvessel E filled withwater or alkaline liquid, so,as to keep the boiler A 4 D always fullof the circulating liquide-that .is, when this vessel is used-butitinay be dispensed withrithout attecting the'working. The fire is' then lighted ill thei'urnace U and kept burningx sloi'vly, the heated products ot combustion passing over the lamebridge C?, yand rounda'nd up the heating Lspace l5 and yopenings b 1; b" between the outer heating shell A ofthc'boiler vA D and the brick wall, to and out through the chimney or funnel. "i into the air. fllle products o t' combustion serve thereby to `boilthe' iibrons materials and alka The upper end ot' the boiler cuis: .The entrance. iand',charging-coverA is screwed on, and

line liquors all under the pressure required, and for the time necessary to reduce the materials to the usual and well -lnown loose or pulpy degree or consistency` desired, the boiling liquid being in coi'itinuous circulation through the fibrous material being treated, as hereinbefore described and indicated by the arrows, after which the alkaline liquids are drawn ott bythe small blow-olif pipe G and yvalve G', bolted to the. lower partol' the discharge-pipe AW. The lid AH on the large discharge-duct AU may then be screwed oli', andthe treated fibrous materials withdrawn from the innerpe forated vessel D into any other vessel for further treatment; or, otherwise, when desired, both'the alkaline liquid and tibrousmateriais may be withdrawn through the discharge-duet and doors A" AH. Y

A small v1water-pipe, af", with stop-cock, may be connected by al branch or branches to the upper part ofthe outer shell A of these duplex boilers A D, so as to wash the annular circa latingspace' e between the outer and inner i and longitudinally` ot' the boiler A, and extending from top to bott-om, as shown and described, and for the purpose specified.

2. The perforated plates b b"l b, arranged as shown and described, with reference to the boiler A and furnace-chamber, as shown and described.

The arrangement of the vessel E and pipes E E2 with reference to the boiler D and tlu'nace-Walll, as shown and described, for the purpose specilied.

4. The closely-porterated internal shell or ease D, and the close or impertorate boiler A, arranged in a vertical position, and haying the annular space e between them, as shown and described, whereby the upward sideuuu` rents and central downward currents of liquid and heat are produced, as and t'or the purpose specilied.

5. The conica-l caps or endsvAf, lA/"f, attached to the boiler, vas shown andl described, to closet-he filling mouth-piecefat top ot' boiler and discharge aperture at bottom, as specl itied. l j

6. The-combination in a paper-pulp boiler ofthe vertical central perforated tube d and perforated cylinder or casing D, substantially as specilied, for the purpose ot' producing 5a current ot' the liquid laterally through thematerial being treated, as set forth.

The above specilication of my inventiofir signfifd 'by me this 18tlrday of October, 18715:?"

\` 'itnesses: GEORGE SlNGLAlR.

ROBERT SANDISONLAIRD,

"" f No. 1 Abbeylouat, Edinburgh. v GEORGE FRASER,

9i' Constitution Street, Leith.

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