USRE4372E - Improvement in methods of constructing artesian wells - Google Patents

Description

--N. w. GREEN.

Method of Constructing Artesian wens;

No. 4,372 Reissued' May 9, 1871.

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UNITED STATES PAT N otFmE.

NELSON W. GREEN, OF AMH EizsT, MAfssA-oHUsErTs.

IMPROVEMENT Ill METHODS OF CONSTRU CTING ARTESIAN WELLS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 73,425, dated January 14, 1868; Reissue No. 4,372, dated.

. 'May 9,1871. 7

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, NELSON W. GREEN, of Amherst, in the county of Hampshire and State of Massachusetts, have invented a new and Improved Method of Constructing Artesian Wells; and I do hereby declarethat the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being bad to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification. I I

My invention is particularly intended for the construction of Artesian wells in places where no rock is to be penetrated.

The methods of constructing wells previous to this invention were what have been known as sinking and boring, in' both of which the hole or opening constituting the well was produced by taking away a portion of the earth or rock through which it was made.

This invention consists 'in producing the well by driving or forcing down an instrument into the ground until it reaches the water,"the

hole or opening being'thus made by a mere displacement of the earth, which is packed around the instrument and not removed upward from the hole, as it is in boring.

The instrument to be employed in producing such a well, which, to distinguish it from sunk or bored wells, may be termed a driven well, may be any that is capable of sustaining-the blows or pressure necessary to drive it into the earth; but I prefer to employa pointed'rod,which, after having driven or forced down until it reachm the water, I withdraw and replace by a tube made airtight throughout its length, except at or near its lower end, where I make openings or perforations for the admission of water, and through and from which the water may be drawn by any well-known or suitable form of pump.

In certain soils the use of a rod preparatory to the insertion of a tube is unnecessary, as the tube itself, through which the water is to be drawn, may be the instrumentwhich produces the well by the act of driving it into the ground to the requisite depth.

To enable others to make and use my inthe rod. This rod I drive by a falling weight or other power into the earth until its point passes suificiently far into the water to procure the desired supply. I then withdraw the rodand insert in its place the air-tight-iron or wooden tube B, which maybe slightly contracted at its lower end to insure its easy pamage to its place. In general this tubl'B I make of iron and of a thickness that will bear a force applied at its upper extremity sufiicient to drive or force it to its place, and where a large or continuous flow of water is desired I perforate this tube near its lower end to admit the water more freely to the inside. r

The perforations a may be about one-half of an inch in diame'ten'less or more, and from one to one and a half inch apart, and the perforations may extend from the bottom of the tube upward from one to two feet. The diameter of the tube should be somewhat smaller than the diameter of the swell a on the drill end of the driving-rod A. v

In localities where the water is near the surface of the groundand the well is for temporary use only, as in the case of a moving armyor for temporary'camps, lighter and thin.- ne'r materials than iron may be used for mak ingv the tubes as, for instance, zinc, tin, copper, or sheet metal of other kind, or even wood,

may be used. I The rod may be of any suitable and practical size that can be readily driven or forced into the ground, and may be from one to three inches in diameter.

In some cases the water will flow out from the top of the tube without the aid of a pump. ing or forcing an instrument into the ground In other cases the aid of a pump to draw the until it is projected into the water without water from the well may be necessary. In the removing the earth upward, as it is in boring, latter cases I attach to the tube by an air-tights substantially as herein described.

connection any known form of pump. N. W. GREEN.

What Iclaim as my invention, and desire to -Witnesses: v j secure by Letters Patent; is- SYDNEY E. SMITH,

lhe. process of constructing wells by driv- I W. MORRIS SMITH.

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