USRE4305E - Improvement in sewing-machines - Google Patents

Description

3 Sheets-Sheet l.

C. 0.l CROSBY.

Sewing Machine.

No. 4,305. Reissued March 21,1871.

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Sewing l Machine.

Reissued March 21, 1871.

' 3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

C. 0. CROSBY.

, A Sewing Machine. Y No. 4,305. n Reissued March 2l, 1871.

To all whom it may concern A Be it known that l, CHAUNCEY O. CROSBY, of New Haven, in the county of New Haven and State of Connecticut, invented a new Improvement in Sewing-Machines; and I` do hereby declare the following, when taken in connection with the accompanying drawings and the letters of reference marked thereon, to be afull, clear, and exact description of the same, and which said drawings constitute part of this specilication, and represent, in-- Figure 1, a vertical plan of the whole machine, as viewed from the right-hand side; Fig. 2, a vertical plan of the saine, viewed from the front end, showing the needlebar, thimble-bar, the tape-pulleys with the endless tapes, the gear-wheels, Snc.; Fig. 3, a vertical pla-n of the same, viewed from the front end, showing the cams, levers, &c. Flg. 4, a birds-eye view of a portion of the same, showing the relative position of the tape-pulleys, needle-bar, with needle, position of the cloth, &c., during the backward movement of the needle-bar 5 Fig. 5, a birds-eye view of a' portion of Fig. 4, showing the positions in the forward movement of the needlebar; Fig. 6, a view of the cam-wheel displayed as a horizontal plane, showing the cams on each side; Fig. 8, a plan of the bar which passes through the needle-bar to release the needle; Fig. 9, a plan of the hooks which carry the loop of the slack thread to the endless tapes.

My invention consists in so constructing the machine that, by the arrangement and combination of the several devices, I am enabled to imitate (so far as is beneticial) themanipulations of sewing by hand, so far as the thumb and the rst two lingers of the left hand are used in holding the cloth and those of the right hand in using the needle, as I use but one common sewing-needle and but one thread, as in sewing by hand.

Also, in the method, hereinafter described, of drawing the main portion ot' the thread through the cloth,controlling the slack thread and drawing up the stitch without any strain upon the eye of the needle or of the thread UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.,

CHAUNCEY O. CROSBY, OF NEW HAVEN, ASSIGNOR TO N. A. BALDWIN, OF MILFORD, CONNECTICUT.

IMPROVEMENT IN SEWING-MACHINES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 21,745, dated October 12, 1858 reissue No. 4,305, dated March 21, 187].

ehating the thread by drawing it through at an acute angle with the cloth, each of which evils occurs in sewing by hand.

I ina-ke the frame A, Src., ofcast-iron or any other suitable material, substantially in the form shown in Fig. l, or any other convenient form.

I make the cloth-holder of a pair of springjaws or clam ps, a a, as represented in longitudinal plan ill Fig. 1, in cross-section inFig. 2, and in birds-eye view in Fig. 4, which represent the thumb and middle finger of the left hand. The jaws are sustained by a split bar, (whose parts serve asspringsg as indicated at e, Fig. 1, and at e e, Fig. 2.

I suspend this split bar (and of course the jaws) by a pin in a slot in the bar, as at d, Fig. 1, and I press it down by a spring, C, Fig. 1, so that the jaws will con l'crm to any down by a hook, as shown at D, or the spring may be adjusted by a thumb-screw, as at Gr, Fig. 1; but neither of these is very material. I have a tongue or piece,as shown at b, Fig. 3, which passes up between the jaws c a, as seen in Fig. 2, to force up the bight or bend of the cloth, as signified in Fig. 4, lo allow the needle to pass through it. This tongue represents the fore linger ol' the left hand in sewing.

This tongue is titted into the upper end ot the frame g, Figs. 1, l, and 3, to render it snsceptible of being changed to suit the thickness of the cloth, as thicker cloth will require a thicker tongue to prevent bending it too short. This frame g is elevated by the open ation of the cam No. 1, Figs. I and 3, through the medium of the bar l), Figs. 1 and 3, rockshaft E, Figs. 1, 2, and 3, and lever e, Figs. 2 and 3, and it is depressed by the spring f, Fig. 2, acting on the end ofthe lever e.

Across the center ot' these jawsa a and tongue b I cut a Vshaped notch, as indicated in Fig. 4, to allow the needle to pass through the cloth without touching the jaws or tongue, and prevent injuring the point of the needle or chang the thread.

where it rests in the eye of the needle, or of I make the needle-bar B, Figs. 1, 2, 3,4, and

thickness of cloth; and they may be held j A the camshaft m.

5, of iron or any other suitable material, substantially in the form indicated in Fig. 3; and in the lower end I cut a notch or slot of suitable shape to receive the needle at right angles to the bar. In the front side of this nec die-bar, from the lower end upward, I cut a longitudina-l slot or space, as indicated by dots at h, Fig. 2, of suticient length to receive a lever, which is indicated by the same dots. This lever is sustained at the upper end by ajoint-pin, and the lower end extends to the lower end of thc needle-bar. lower end of this lever, I cut a notch on an inclined plane, so that vthe lower point of thisl plane will pass under the needle (by the pressure ol' a spring, i, Figs. 1 and 2) and force it upward in the notch in the end ofthe needle-bar and hold it there until it is released by the operation of the machine.

The upper end of this needle-bar B is firmly attached to the front end of the shaft I by a screw, K, Figs. 1, 2, and 3, and the lower end receives a vihratory motion of several inches parallel to the front end of the machine, as in'dicated by the curved line j, Fig. 3. This motion is produced by a crank, L, Fig. l, on The pin k of this crank works in a slot in the lever M, Fig. 1, which slot is indicated by dots at l, Fig. 3. Theup per end ot' this lever is trmly attached to the rear end of the shaft I, and its vibratory m0- tion controls the vihratory motion of the needle-bar. When the pin k acts in the lower portion ofthe slot l, it has the greatest lever age, and the lever M has the least velocity so that the needle-bar will be carried inits forward movement with greater force and less velocity than when the crank-pin k works in the upper portion ofthe slot to bring the needle-bar back for another stitch, and while the pin is passing into the curve at the lower end,

the needle'bar is nearly stationary, it heilig the time when the needle is released from the notch.

I make the thimble-bar H of iron or any other suitable material, substantially ,in the form shown in Figs.2 and 3, and at the lower end insert an adjusting-screw with a countersink in the end to receive the eye of the needle, as shown at n, Figs. 2 and 3. A little above the screw I insert a bar or blade, as seen at O in Figs. 2 and 3, and on the front side of this bar I have an inclined plane, as indicated at f), Fig. 2, and more fully7 shown in Fig. 8. W henY this bar 0 passes through the mortise in the needle-bar B, as shown in Fig. 3, the inclined plane forces back the notched lever and releases the needle after the point has entered the cloth.

The thimble-bar is attached near the front end of a vibrating bar, Q, above the shaft I,

as shown at N, Figs. l, 2, and This vibrating bar Q extends the whole length ot' the shaft I', and ,vibra-tes with bearings on the ends of the shaft I, as seen at K and O, Fig.

Near the 1. This thimble-bar receives a vibratory motion, to force theY needle through theA cloth and to release the needle from the needle-bar, by the operation of the cam No. 3 on the lever P, Figs. I and 3, which has its bearing at O, and controls the forward motion of the thimble-har, and the thimblcbar is thrown back to the position shown in Fig. 2 by the spring p, which keeps the lever I) in contact with the cani.

To feed the cloth, I use a liuted roller','q, and a plain pressurc-roller,1, as indicated in Figs. 1. and 2, in the well-known way of feeding, &lc., used in spinning-machines, and in feeding cloth, Svc., for various purposes. I work this lluted feed roller q by means of the cam No. 2 acting o n the lever R, with a click or hand, s,

working in the ratchet-wheel S, all as shownv in Fig. 1.

This ratchet-wheel S is firmly secured on the rear end Aof the shaft T, Fig. 1, on the front end of which the fluted roller is secured, as shown at'q, Figs. 1 and 2. The pressureroller r' is sustained by a bar, U, and the pressure given by a spring, t, Figs. 1 and 2. This feed may be adjusted by the screw near s to any desired length of stitch. To draw the main part ofthe threadthrough the cloth, and to control the slack thread, I use four endless tapes working on pulleys, all as indicated at u, e, w, and a', in Fig. 2; also indicated in part in Figs. 1, 4, and 5.

These pulleys are revolved (in the directions indicated by the darts in Fig. 2) by a crossband from the driving-pulley e, Fig. 2, and they carry the endless tapes in the directions indicated by the darts in Fig. 2, and the upper pulleys u are held down by springs af, Figs. 2 and 4.

In connection with these endless tapes I have two hooks,y z, as .shown in Fig. 4; their shape shown in plan in Fig. 9 and in crosssection at y, Fig. 2. The hook y is carried across the thread, so as to hook onto it, hy the operation of the cam b', Figs. 1 and 6, on

the gear-wheel a2, Figs. 1 and 2, acting on the lever c', Figs. 1 and 2, through the medium ot' the. bent rod d', as shown in Fig. 1 and indicated in Figs. 2 and 4, and is thrown back by a spring, e', acting against the lower. end of the lever c', Fig. 1.

The hook z is forced forward across the thread, so as to hook onto it, by a spring, g', acting against the lower end of the lever Y, Fig. 1, which is connected with the rear end of the rod Z, Figs. 1 and 4, and it is carried back (and held back) by the operation of the cam A', Fig. 6, on the gear-wheel X, Figs. 1V

and 2.

This gear'wheel X is revolved (in the direci tion indicated by the dart in Fig. 2) by means of a small wheel, B', Figs. 1 and 2, which is lirmly secured to the cam-shaft m,'and revolves with the driving-pulley V. This small wheel has but half as many teeth as the wheel X, so

that the cam-wheel X makes but one revolution while the driving-pulley V makes two.

Having constructed the several parts of thel .through the eye of a common sewing-needle,

(of suitable size for the thread,) and secure it there. I then bring the needle-bar B to the right-hand side of the elothholder to its full extent, place the eye of the needle in the countersunk cud of the adjusting screw u, in the lower end of the thimble-bar, and put the barrel or shaft of the needle into the notch in the lower end of the needle-bar, so that it will be sustained by the inclined notch of the lever,) when the machine is ready for operation, having the tapes, Ste., in their places.

I then pnt the driving-pulley Vin motion in the direction indicated by the dart, by means of a treadle or otherwise, when the cam No. 1, acting on the lever D, will carry up the tongue b and force the cloth upward and between the jaws a a, and the crank L, acting in the lower portionof the slot in the lever M, will carry the needle-bar forward, and the cam No. 3, acting on the lever P, will also carry the thimble-bar forward and force the point of the needle through the cloth, while the needle is guided by the needlelbar. While the crank L is operating in the curve of the groove near the lower end of the lever M, the thimble-bar will advance much faster than the needle-har and pass the bar O through the mortise in the needle-bar, as seen in Fig 3, so that the inclined plane at O (Figs. 2 and 8) will force back the notched lever and release the needle from the needle-bar, which will then pass over the jaws, immediately after which the tongue b will he elevated so as to raise that portion ofthe needle which has been forced through the clothby the forward movement of the thimble-bar into the notch in the lower end ofthe needle-bar, when the cam No. 3 will release the lever P, and the thimhle-bar will be thrown back by the spring p andthe inclined notch in the lower end of the lever. The needle-bar will firmly grasp the needle, and the needle-bar (in its continued forward movement) will carry the needle, with the thread, beyond the pulleys u and v. At this time the projection on the lever Y will fall into the space near A', Fig. 6, on the rear side ot' the cam-wheel X, and thel spring g, Fig. 1, will force the hook z across and hook it onto the thread, when the cam A', Fig. 6, acting on the lever Y, Fig. 1, will draw back the hook z to the position shown in Fig. 4, and thus carry the loop of thread to the central portion of theendless tapes, as at h', Fig. 4, when the endless tapes will carry the thread onward until the whole is drawn through the cloth, when the rise of the cam at C', Fig. 6, will draw the hook z still farther back and carry' the thread beyond the edge of the endless tapes, as shown at i', Fig. 4, while the other side of the loop (that attached to the needle) will be in the position shown at j', Figs. 4 and 5, and a pin may be used, as shown nearj, to keep this portion ofthe loop more certainly out of the way of the needle While the thread is very long, but it is not very material. The ne dle-bar is then returned to its rst position, the tongue b having descended to allow the needle-bar, with the needle, as shown in Figs. 2 and 4, to pass over the cloth in its backward movement, as also to allow the cloth to be fed, and preparatory to making a new bend in the cloth for the next stitch. At this time the cloth is fed by the iiuted and pressure rollers, as before described, and all is ready for another stitch, as indicated in Fig. 5.

' The next ystitch is performed in precisely the same manner as the last, except that the hook y takes and 'carries the thread to the other pair of endless tapes, and the last loop is completely drawn up while the succeeding one is being carried away by the endless tapes.

Then the loop has been drawn up to about the position shown at A, Fig. 4, the hook, by means of the cam la or the depression E', will be carried toward the needle so as to release the loop, to allow it to be completely drawn up. Thus stitch after stitch will be taken.

I am aware that a rough surface, -tinted roller or otherwise, has been used for feeding for ages in spinning-machines, and for feedingcloth and various other materials; that the common sewing-needle, with the eye at one end and the point at the other, is not new, and that cams, levers, Ste., are old. I therefore do not claim-either of these as my invention; but

I do claiml. A work. supporting or holding surface, adapted to bear on one side of the material being sewed, in combination with a reciprocating surface adapted to bear on the other side of such material, and which acts to bend such material, substantially asdeserihed, prior to the puncture of the needle, so that the needle-point may pass into and out of the material on the same side or face.

. 2. In combination with supportingand bending surfaces, operating substantially as de.

the needle-bar and thimbleba.r,'when contille hooks and endless tapes, when arranged structed and made to operate substantially as and made to operate substantially as herein hon-in described. described.

5. The combination of the needle-bar and thimble bar with a common needle, when C 0 CRObBY made to operate substantially as herein de- Witnesses: scribed. JOHN H. SHUMWAY,

6. The combination of Athe needle-bar with A. J. TIBBITS.

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