USRE4178E - Improvement in brick-machines - Google Patents

Description

` :LSVA c; :.AHYHENWARE AP RAT {5i-ack Presses 'Reiprocating ivm-3d, Punger, 3:1 .Llze of Maid Travel.

i/y/ Il', lllllldllllll .v HAP anni sain @sind didst.

JAMES sANesfinn, or BUFFALO, NEWYYORK.

Letters Patent No. 59,080, dated `October 23, 1866; reissue No,.4,178, dated November 15, 1870.

' DIVISION A.

IMPROVEMENT IN BRICK-MACHINES.

.The Sohednle'refened to in these Letten Patent and making part of the same.

To all whom it. may. concern Be it known that I,`- J AMEs Snscs'rnn, of Buffalo, in the county of Erie, in the State of New York, have invented certain new and useful lmprovementsin and on Machines' for Making Brick; and I do herebyde alare that the, following is a full and exact description thereof, reference heilig l1 adito the accompanying drawing, in which- Figure I is a side elevation, showing the cam for giving the necessary movements to the mold; also part of'the machinery forlifting and delivering the brick;

Figure II is a vertical longitudinal section, showing the position of the several parts at the moment the brick is lifted from the. mold;

- Figure III is a plan view ofthe machine complete;

Figure 1V is a front View of the lifter, showing itsM form, and an end view of the mechanism for taking the brick fromit after being lifted from the mold;

Figure V is a view of one of the thin bars or plates for regulating the distance between the twoV pistons, and v Figure VI 'represents the faces of the two pistons. Like letters in the several figures designate similar parts in each.

. In the molding of brick and tiles, 85e., from damp clay or other material, the great desideratnm is not only to provide the most perfect means for expelling the air duringthe action of pressing or forming the brick iuto shape, but to provide at the same timethe means fon pressing it into such a condition that the heat, during the processof baking, can reach and he diifused through the central parts of the same, and thereby cause the particles to contract eqnall y throughout, or nearly so, for the 4purpose of preventing the checking or cracking of the brick.

The nature of my invention consists iii- First, perforating .the upper and lower parts, and the sides of the `mold B, and perforating any of said part'sor sides of the said mold, when the holes made -by such perfbrations are confined-to the part or parts,-

where the bi'ick or material is when receiving its pressure. Second, in the arrangement of bolts or pins, which move at the proper time 'for the 'purpose of moving backjinto'theimoldfrom said apertures the'y surplus clay whichhad been forced into them while the brick was being formed or pressed.

rlhird, in so combining and arranging the mechanism for moving the pistons for pressing the brick into shape, that one piston moves rst and lpresses the clay confined bctweenthem into .as small a compass as may bedesired, after which its action ceases, or neafrly ceases, until `the opposite piston moves forward, and

by forcing the first piston, together with the brick partly compressed, agaiust a solid support or backing, completes the pressure and finishes the brick ready to .be moved from the mold and delivered.

Fourth, in a device for regulating the distance be-- toadjust it to they point desired.

Fifth, iu the openings J l and J in the lower parts, oriu the sides of' the pistons forthe purpose of leaving a means for the escape of the surplus clay or other materi'ah which `may be forced through certain aper tures in the faces J and K ofsaid pistons during the operation of pressing the brick.

Sixth, iu the ripening J3 iu the lower part or sides of'the mold, forthe escape of the snrplusciay or other material, which may drop or be forced through :opening J2 in thel piston over which itis moved.

. Seventh, in the combination and arrangementofa, cam, movable'- connecting-rod, stationary guides, and

two friction-rollersJ or the equivalent thereof, one of which moves in the cam, while the other, or the equiv.-

alent thereof, moves between said'guidescausiug said connecting-rod to more easily inastraight line back and forth, while the camisy giving it the necessary reciprocating motions for moving the inold of abrickmachine. A

Eighth, in the combinationof'the pistons H and H',

`when so arranged that the `piston which gives the 'greatest pressure to the bric number of holes, or more open space for the escape of the surplus clay or other material, than the piston which gives the least' pressure, for the purpose of coinpeusating for the increased pressnreof said piston,and making thedensity of 'the brick as'nearv the same on both sides as possible, to prevent warping in` baking.;

A lis the frame of the machine.

B, the sliding mold.

It is moved by the cam-D ou the shaftO.

C is the connecting-rod. It connects at one em with lthe mold, and at. the other with the cam, as shown. y

E is a stationary guide, between which part of said connecting-rod is moved.`

F is a small wheel on saidconnectingrod.z It moves with itb'etwecn thegnides, andjserves to steady it,

and lessen .the friction of said rodfwhle moving be# tween them.

Sis the opening-in the mold to receive theclay.;

presents the greatest to give the greatest pressure to the brick containing 'a joint on thepiece X, which 'is fastened to the mold B.

, Said mold B surrounds the pistons entirely, and moves along them during the action ofthe 'ma-chine.

H and H represent the pressing-pistons, the faces of which are shown in Fig. VI, and lthe openings are marked J and K. A greater number of holes, or'more of an opening is left for the escape of surplus material in one than in the other; the piston which is destined the'most, or as much more as is necessary 'to compensate for the increase of pressure.

Said pistons nearly surround and move outhe stationary guides Q Q, said guides being fastened tirmly to the cross-pieces N' and 1"., by means of bolts, ortho equivalent ot' the same. y

The piston H is operated by ecccntrics M on the main shaft, through the intervention of vthe connecting-rods L, and the piston H is operated by the cam G, also 011 the main shaft, acting on the friction-roller G2, attached to one end-ot' said piston.

The angular position of the eccentrics M and cam Gr on the shaft() is such as to cause the pistons'to alternately approach to `and recede front each other, while the relative .positiolrand shape ofthe cams D is ,such as to cause the'V mold-boxB to move forward and bring its aperture S over the space between the pistous, when they are at their greatest distance apart, or shortly after the piston H begins its return movement. v

Vv'hen the ,parts are iu this position, the clay is introduced into the inold-box through'the aperture S,

and it then begins its return movement, moving faster than the piston H, which is also returning.

This return movement ofthe mold-box is continued until the space ,between thc pistons is incloscd upon all sides, after which it remains stationary while the cani G moves the piston H toward the piston-H, which movement is continued until the .clay nearest the piston H is sufficiently condensed, or nearly so.

vThe cam G will have then passed the roller G?, so that the piston H, which is still making its return movement will force back the piston H until it strikes tire xed stop R, when the piston H will condeursethe clay upon its sideto the same degree as that upon the side of the piston H', and thus com plete the pressing of the brick in the mold.

The piston H will now begin its forward movement and relievel the pressure upon the brick,'and at the 'same time the mold-box will resume its return movement, causing the piston H', which is nowstationary, to expel the brick from the mold-box. The lmold-box will now remain stationary a short time untilthc pistonfH-.eompletes its forward movement, when it will he again carried forward to theposition first described.

'This completesorte evolution of the machine, so far as the pressing of the brick is concerned, and will,l of course, be repeated at each revolution of the main shaft. g g

The lifter for the, brick is represented by letter U.

The upper part is formed with one or more spaces or openings, suoli as shown at BZBZin Fig.IV. These. openings arc left for the purpose-of admitting the movement of the projecting parts ofthe plate C' between them and under the brick, so thatsaid lifter can descend and leave the brick standing upon saidv plate C', as clearly shown byl 11i g. 1V

W is a lever-,moving for the lifter. It moves-upon V is an arm, which -is fastened to the moves with it.

YThe rod A slips through a hole in the lower part of piston H,-and

, side ofthel machine.

said arm; also through an opening in the lower'part of the lever XV. l'

As will be readily seen, the movement of the piston Haway from the brick, after being pressed, causes the` lifter to be raised up, and' the brick B' with it, and- .-ot' a brickl ora little more, by the wedge-cam D, which moves against the friction-roller D The bar-D2 is held to the side of the machine by a bolt,`which passes through a slot in said -bar at one end.

The opposite end passes through a slot, D5, in the rlhe pins for throwing the surplus clay back into the mold receive their motion from the wheel H2 and projecting piece or cam H4, byjneans of the arm or lever, which is jointed to the front part of the mold at H3, or the equivalent thereof'.

When it is desired to'havc'pins for the apertures in the lowcrpart orsides of the moldthey may be moved in a similar manner, as' shown by the dotted lines in Fig. I.

The wheel H.2 receives its motion from the reciprocating movement of the mold.

TT represent said openings in the mold B.

By means of my invention, I claim that the brick is pressed so as to atford a means for the more equal contraction of the clayorother material during the process of baking, and producing a more perfect brick thanlany I nocessnow in nse.- l

, I do'fnotA confine myself to any particular position of the brick while being pressed, 'as it may be pressed from theends, the sides,-or from the top-andy bottom.

I do not claim, broadly, perfor-ating the bottom of mold B, nor the ends of the pistons; but

What I do claim as my invention, and desire to se-` cure byLettersPat-ent. ist 1. The openings E '.l, be the number-more or less, when placed within the portion ofthe sliding mold B, where the brick orniaterial receives its pressure..

2. The opening J3 in the bottoni ofthe mold B, for the purpose of leaving room" for .the escape ofthe snr- .,plns clay or material, as described.

3. vThe openings J l and J2 intheiiowe'r part orsides of the pistons, as and for the purposes described.

4. The pins Z Z, or the equivalent thereof, in the mold B, substantially as described.

5. A piston, moving and compressing the clay to the point desirednvhich is there forced by the opposite piston, with the brick partly compressed, back again to a support, where it remains until the piston which, movesit back gives the completing pressure to the brick.

6. The employment of oneor more plates R,sub stantially as described. p

7. 'lhe arrangement of the cam, connecting-rod, and the stationary guide E, as described, when nsed to v. give the irregular reciprocating motions tothe mold -of a brick-machine.

8. The combination of the pistons H and H1, as described and set forth.

JAMES SANGSTER.

y Witnesses: I

EDwARnWmHELM, JN0. J. Bomann.

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