USRE3835E - William w - Google Patents

Description

WILLIAM W. AVERELL,

BATH, NEW YORK, ASSIGNEE OF LOUIS LA BREOHE-VIGER.

Lctters Patent No. 95,358, dated September 28, 1869; reissue No. 3,835, dated February 15, 1870.

The Schedule referred toin these Letters Patent imd making part of the same.

To all whom itnmy concern Be it known that LOUIS LA BREonn-Vmnn, of Montreal, in the Province of Quebec, Dominion of Ganada, has invented a new Mode of Making-and Mannliuqturing Cast-Steel at one operation by the use and adl'nixt-ure, first, of plnmbago with pulverized iron ores, and alsowith what is called iron sand ore with wrought iron, iron scraps, iron shavings, iron chips, and with whatis usually styled iron or steel sponge, either in clay or other non-fusible pots or crucibles, or in a reverlu-ratory or other snitablc fnriiac'ey second, of compressed powdered charcoal, anthracite, coke, or other equivalent carbon, with the aforesaid pulverized iron, ore,iron sand, wrought iron, iron shavings, Scraps, chips, or sponge, in a. reverberatory or other suitable furnace, as follows y The ore should be pure. and as free as possible from earthy matters, finely pulverized, when other ore than the sand ore is used, and theme so prepared or the iron-sand ore, wrought iron, or iron scraps, shavings chips, or sponge atbresaid, should be mixed with the pulverized plumljago or charcoal, or the other carbons.

The proportion ofthe plumb-ago or charcoal or other carbons used should vary from one to thirty-five per cent, in weight of the ore, according to the nature of the substance to be deoxidized and carbonized, am according .to thequantit-y of steel --intended to be produced, and according to the purity of the plunibago itself.

Okide of manganese may be used as in the ordinary process of cast-steel;making, with blister steel or wrought iron. This mixture is compressed or not, at will. It plumbago forms part oft-he mixture, this mixture is then treated in a clay or other non-fusible pot in the same manner as the melting of blister-steel, or it is treated in a reverberatory or other suitable furnace, in the manner 'hereinattcr described.

If charcoal is used the mixture is placed in a rrverheratory or other suitable furnace constructed so as to allow the metal to be drawn after fusion. It is then covered with a flux ofglass' or blast-furnace ci'nders, or with glass-making materials, or with thin slabs of soapstone or stea-tite, or with those substances combined, or with other protecting materials,-and'tlien heated until reduction and fusion take place, the

metal being protected against oxidation by the afore-' said covering. If the process be conducted in a furnace in which themass is simply heated, no covering will be required; the object of the covering being to shield the mass from oxidation or other injurious chemical'action.

It is best to use plnmbago in the process described under my first head, but anthracite being similar in composition, and in some of itsphysical characteristics, uiay-be'substituted wholly or in part for plumbago.

The use of powdered charcoal as a reducing :nd carbonizing agent'in principle is not claimed.

That is claimed as peculiarly the invention of LOUIS LA BnncHn-Vrcnn, is-

1. The use of the admixture of pulverized plumhagocompressed or not. with iron ores, iron sand, or iron,

to make castasteel in one operation.

2. The use of the admixture. ot-pulverized anthr;

cite coal compressed or'not with iron ores, ironsaud, or iron, to make cast-steel-inoneoperation.

25. The use of the admixture of pulverized coke compressed or not with iron ores, iron sand, or iron, to make cast-steel in one operation.

4. The use of the admixture of pulverized pl umbago pulverized anthracite coal, pulverized coke compressedor not with iron ores, iron sand, wrought iron, iron scraps, shavings, chips, and sponge, in a crucible or in I a reverberatory or reheating, or paddling, or air-fnrn furnace, or'in whatis called and known as a Sieinens furnace, to make -'z'\.ststeel;in one operation;

the said mixture itiused in a flll'llilUB to be covered or not with a: flux of glass, or blast-furnace or other furnace cinders, or with glass-making materials, or with slabs of soapstone or with tiles or lire-bricks, or it' the ore or carbon used contain earthy lna-ttcis the slugs or scoriaa which they will furnish may render other covering unnecessary. I

5. The use of the admixture of powdered charcoal compressed with pulverized iron ores, or iron sand, or iron sponge, in a crucible to make cast-steel in one op- .eration.

(i. The use of the admixture of pulverized charcoal compressed or not with iron ores or iron sand, in any of the furifaces,'and with or-without the covering mentioncd'in number four of this claim, to make caststecl in one operation.

7. The use of the'ahove admixtures in the following proportions, viz: from one to thirty-live'per cent. of the said carbons in weight of the ore or iron, according to the puri'tyof the ores and of the carbon used, and according to the quality of the steel to be produced.

\VM. W. AVER-ELL. Asst'gnec of LOUIS LA BREOHE-VIGER. \Vitnesses R. G. RIEMAN, NV. LEE, Jr.