US2169193A - Chromium-titanium-silicon alloy - Google Patents
Chromium-titanium-silicon alloy Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2169193A US2169193A US183583A US18358338A US2169193A US 2169193 A US2169193 A US 2169193A US 183583 A US183583 A US 183583A US 18358338 A US18358338 A US 18358338A US 2169193 A US2169193 A US 2169193A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- chromium
- titanium
- alloy
- iron
- silicon
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229910000676 Si alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 3
- RCZQOTNWXWGLSL-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Ti].[Si].[Cr] Chemical compound [Ti].[Si].[Cr] RCZQOTNWXWGLSL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 34
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 19
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 19
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 15
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910000599 Cr alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910000519 Ferrosilicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001021 Ferroalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001060 Gray iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BZSXEZOLBIJVQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylsulfonylbenzoic acid Chemical compound CS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O BZSXEZOLBIJVQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910005438 FeTi Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000604 Ferrochrome Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001200 Ferrotitanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- UFGZSIPAQKLCGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium carbide Chemical compound [Cr]#C[Cr]C#[Cr] UFGZSIPAQKLCGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011872 intimate mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910003470 tongbaite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C27/00—Alloys based on rhenium or a refractory metal not mentioned in groups C22C14/00 or C22C16/00
- C22C27/06—Alloys based on chromium
Definitions
- My invention consists of the formation of a new and improved alloy for adding titanium to cast iron along with the addition of chromium at the same time with the titanium.
- My new alloy is practical for this purpose, since 15 it also contains silicon in an amount properly related to the chromium and titanium contents therein so as to promote ready solubility in the molten cast iron.
- the iron content of my new alloy is therefore necessarily low, and the carbon 20 content is also low for the same reason that the silicon content is high, in orderto confer suitable fusibility and solubility in the molten iron.
- My new alloy also C Permissible Average 9 Percent Percent Titanium to 30 20 5 Chromium to 45 30 Iron 0 to 25 12 Sllieon to 45 35 Carbon 0 to 1 (J. 4 Aluminum 0 to 3 1.0 Other impurltie 0 t0 5 1. 6
- My new alloy may be made in the usual type 'of single-phase carbon-lined electric furnace such as is used for making ferro-titanium.
- This mixture was charged gradually for about an hour into a hot electric furnace with a 16 in. square carbon electrode, operating at 50 volts and about 10,000 amperes. About 10 minutes after the charge was completely added, the furnace was tapped into a cast iron mold, and the alloy and slag were allowed to cool. When cold the slag was separated, and 202 lbs. of this new alloy was recovered, containing approximately 20.62% titanium, 26.71% chromium, 12.42% iron, and 40.25% silicon plus impurities.
- a higher-grade alloy could readily be made by using a higher-grade chrome ore, containing a lower percentage of FeO. It is also possible to make my new alloy by a slight modification of the method disclosed in my U. S. Letters Patent No. 1,946,670 dated February 13, 1934, the change required being a substitution of highgrade chrome ore for a suitable proportion, of the titanium are in the charge. This method, however, does not involve the use of high-grade ferro-silicon, and hence is more economical of 66 materials, but requires a longer period oi. operation of the furnace to reduce the necessary silicon from its ore.
- This alloy was used -to treat some gray cast iron melted in a foundry cupola, the amount of the addition of my new alloy being 1% of the Weight of the iron.
- An alloy of chromium and titanium for metallurgical use having the approximate composition range: to 30% titanium, to 45% chromium, to 45% silicon, 0.1 to iron, 0.]. to 3% aluminum, 0.01 to 1% carbon, and not over 5% of other impurities.
- a chromium-titaniuln-silicon alloy consisting of about chromium, 20% titanium, silicon, 12% iron, 0.1 to 3% aluminum and 0.01 to 1% carbon.
- a chromium-titanium-si1icon alloy consist ing of about 30% chromium, 20% titanium, 35% silicon, 12% iron, 0.4% carbon, 1% aluminum, and 1.6% other impurities.
- a chromium-titaniumsilicon alloy consisting of about 27% chromium, 23% titanium, 34% silicon, 14% iron, 1% aluminum, 0.40% carbon and 0.60% other impurities.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Description
Patented Aug. 8, 1939 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 2,189,193 CHROMIUM- TITANIUM- SILICON ALLOY Maine No Drawing. Application January 6, 1938, Serial No. 183,583
4 Claims. (01. 75-134) My invention consists of the formation of a new and improved alloy for adding titanium to cast iron along with the addition of chromium at the same time with the titanium.
The advantages of adding these two elements of titanium and chromium together to cast iron were described in U. S. Patent No. 1,955,791 granted to me April 24, 1934, but heretofore it was necessary as set forth in my patent to make 10 these additions by means of two separate ferroalloys, since no combined alloy of chromium and titanium was known that was practical for use in cast iron at ordinary foundry temperatures.
My new alloy is practical for this purpose, since 15 it also contains silicon in an amount properly related to the chromium and titanium contents therein so as to promote ready solubility in the molten cast iron. The iron content of my new alloy is therefore necessarily low, and the carbon 20 content is also low for the same reason that the silicon content is high, in orderto confer suitable fusibility and solubility in the molten iron.
Obviously it is more convenient and advantageous to add the two alloying elements of chro- 25 mium and titanium to cast iron by a singlelowiron alloy, than by the use of two separate ferroalloys, which latter practice involves the addition of so much more cold material to the molten iron after it has left the furnace. has an advantage over the grade of ferro-chromium now generally used for cast iron in that its carbon content is low, so that the chromium added by my new alloy is not already combined with carbon, but such chromium is more free to 35 distribute itself through the matrix of the iron homogeneously instead of as isolated particles of chromium carbide.
Up to the present time my new combined alloy of titanium and chromium has been made with its approximate composition within the following limits:
, Percent Titanium 10.65 to 29.55 Chromium 14.52 to 41.69 45 Iron 7.42 to 21.73 Silicon and impurities 26.28 to 46.07
My new alloy also C Permissible Average 9 Percent Percent Titanium to 30 20 5 Chromium to 45 30 Iron 0 to 25 12 Sllieon to 45 35 Carbon 0 to 1 (J. 4 Aluminum 0 to 3 1.0 Other impurltie 0 t0 5 1. 6
The preferred analysis of course would be one showing no iron, carbon, aluminum, or other impurities, but this is practically impossible of attainment at a reasonable cost because of the lack of purity of the ores which must be used in com- 15 mercial practice.
My new alloy may be made in the usual type 'of single-phase carbon-lined electric furnace such as is used for making ferro-titanium.
The following example will show one practical 2'0 method of manufacture of this alloy.
An intimate mixture of 150 lbs. of granular rutile, 175 lbs. of chrome ore, 165 lbs. of 90% ferro-silicon, and 30 lbs. of sodium chlorate was first prepared. The rutile contained about 92.5% TlOz, 4% ZrOa, 2.7% S102 and 0.22% F6203, and was crushed so that 98% passed through a 80 mesh screen. The chrome ore was crushed finer than 20 mesh and contained about 54.8% CI203, 14% FeO. 4.5% S102, with the balance alumina, magnesia, etc. The ferro-silicon, containing less than 10% iron, was crushed through a 20 mesh screen.
This mixture was charged gradually for about an hour into a hot electric furnace with a 16 in. square carbon electrode, operating at 50 volts and about 10,000 amperes. About 10 minutes after the charge was completely added, the furnace was tapped into a cast iron mold, and the alloy and slag were allowed to cool. When cold the slag was separated, and 202 lbs. of this new alloy was recovered, containing approximately 20.62% titanium, 26.71% chromium, 12.42% iron, and 40.25% silicon plus impurities.
A higher-grade alloy could readily be made by using a higher-grade chrome ore, containing a lower percentage of FeO. It is also possible to make my new alloy by a slight modification of the method disclosed in my U. S. Letters Patent No. 1,946,670 dated February 13, 1934, the change required being a substitution of highgrade chrome ore for a suitable proportion, of the titanium are in the charge. This method, however, does not involve the use of high-grade ferro-silicon, and hence is more economical of 66 materials, but requires a longer period oi. operation of the furnace to reduce the necessary silicon from its ore.
In the production of my new alloy by the method just described in the example, a uniform stock of the following analysis was accumulated:
This alloy was used -to treat some gray cast iron melted in a foundry cupola, the amount of the addition of my new alloy being 1% of the Weight of the iron.
Comparative results of tests of the original and treated iron are set forth in the following table:
Plain Same iron Same iron Kind of 11011 gray iron plus 1% plus 1% untreated FeTi CrTiSi Carbon content 3. 38 3. 30 3. 30 Silicon content 2. 41 2. 52 2.63 Titanium content 0. 098 0. 128 Chromium content... 0.23 Tranverse strength, 1 or 1.25" dllllTl 3, 980 4, 070 4, 365 Deflection, in. on 12 in. spam 0.12 0.11 0.105 Tensile strength, lbs. per sq.
in 34, 000 35, 700 38, 700 Brinnell hardness N 106 212 235 The usefulness and value of this new alloy in regular foundry practice are demonstrated by the results given in this table. Its use is not necessarily confined to cast iron, but obviously can be extended to include any metal or alloy in which additions of chromium, titanium, and silicon may be desired, such as steel, nickel, aluminum, or alloys of nickel, copper, etc.
I claim as my invention:
1. An alloy of chromium and titanium for metallurgical use having the approximate composition range: to 30% titanium, to 45% chromium, to 45% silicon, 0.1 to iron, 0.]. to 3% aluminum, 0.01 to 1% carbon, and not over 5% of other impurities.
2. A chromium-titaniuln-silicon alloy consisting of about chromium, 20% titanium, silicon, 12% iron, 0.1 to 3% aluminum and 0.01 to 1% carbon.
3. A chromium-titanium-si1icon alloy consist ing of about 30% chromium, 20% titanium, 35% silicon, 12% iron, 0.4% carbon, 1% aluminum, and 1.6% other impurities.
4. A chromium-titaniumsilicon alloy consisting of about 27% chromium, 23% titanium, 34% silicon, 14% iron, 1% aluminum, 0.40% carbon and 0.60% other impurities.
GEORGE F. COMSTOCK.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US183583A US2169193A (en) | 1938-01-06 | 1938-01-06 | Chromium-titanium-silicon alloy |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US183583A US2169193A (en) | 1938-01-06 | 1938-01-06 | Chromium-titanium-silicon alloy |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2169193A true US2169193A (en) | 1939-08-08 |
Family
ID=22673429
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US183583A Expired - Lifetime US2169193A (en) | 1938-01-06 | 1938-01-06 | Chromium-titanium-silicon alloy |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2169193A (en) |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2479097A (en) * | 1946-05-27 | 1949-08-16 | Buchanan Neville James | Boron carbide compound |
| US2578098A (en) * | 1944-08-09 | 1951-12-11 | Nat Lead Co | Aluminum base alloy |
| US2684900A (en) * | 1952-05-15 | 1954-07-27 | Gen Motors Corp | Intermediate alloy and process for forming wear-resistant cast iron |
| US2819194A (en) * | 1949-09-29 | 1958-01-07 | Allegheny Ludlum Steel | Method of aging titanium base alloys |
| US2877104A (en) * | 1955-07-05 | 1959-03-10 | Electro Refractories & Abrasiv | Abrasive material and method of making same |
| US3131059A (en) * | 1961-09-13 | 1964-04-28 | Gen Dynamics Corp | Chromium-titanium base alloys resistant to high temperatures |
| US3166409A (en) * | 1962-06-01 | 1965-01-19 | Imp Metal Ind Kynoch Ltd | Silicon-niobium alloys |
| US3262778A (en) * | 1963-04-09 | 1966-07-26 | Gen Dynamics Corp | Alloys resistant to high temperatures |
-
1938
- 1938-01-06 US US183583A patent/US2169193A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2578098A (en) * | 1944-08-09 | 1951-12-11 | Nat Lead Co | Aluminum base alloy |
| US2479097A (en) * | 1946-05-27 | 1949-08-16 | Buchanan Neville James | Boron carbide compound |
| US2819194A (en) * | 1949-09-29 | 1958-01-07 | Allegheny Ludlum Steel | Method of aging titanium base alloys |
| US2684900A (en) * | 1952-05-15 | 1954-07-27 | Gen Motors Corp | Intermediate alloy and process for forming wear-resistant cast iron |
| US2877104A (en) * | 1955-07-05 | 1959-03-10 | Electro Refractories & Abrasiv | Abrasive material and method of making same |
| US3131059A (en) * | 1961-09-13 | 1964-04-28 | Gen Dynamics Corp | Chromium-titanium base alloys resistant to high temperatures |
| US3166409A (en) * | 1962-06-01 | 1965-01-19 | Imp Metal Ind Kynoch Ltd | Silicon-niobium alloys |
| US3262778A (en) * | 1963-04-09 | 1966-07-26 | Gen Dynamics Corp | Alloys resistant to high temperatures |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US2750284A (en) | Process for producing nodular graphite iron | |
| US2762705A (en) | Addition agent and process for producing magnesium-containing cast iron | |
| US2169193A (en) | Chromium-titanium-silicon alloy | |
| US2445377A (en) | Method of treating ores and concentrate produced thereby | |
| US2690392A (en) | Process for producing improved cast iron | |
| US3387971A (en) | Master alloy consisting essentially of molybdenum-vanadium-aluminum | |
| US1490696A (en) | Zinc alloy | |
| US3374086A (en) | Process for making strontium-bearing ferrosilicon | |
| US2538263A (en) | Method of producing ductile cast iron | |
| US3801311A (en) | Method of introducing rare earth metals into addition alloys | |
| EP0235291A4 (en) | Method for obtaining vanadium slag. | |
| US2926080A (en) | Process for the introduction of rare earths in addition alloys | |
| US3899320A (en) | Process for making iron sponge pellets containing silicon carbide | |
| US3304174A (en) | Low oxygen-silicon base addition alloys for iron and steel refining | |
| US813278A (en) | Process of combining titanium with other metals. | |
| US2046913A (en) | Hard ferrous alloy | |
| US3214267A (en) | Production of grey cast iron | |
| US3811867A (en) | Process for the recovery of tantalum and niobium and other metals from tin slag | |
| US1346187A (en) | Process of producing chromium-containing alloys | |
| US3360364A (en) | Process for producing nodular graphite in a metal | |
| US2653867A (en) | Reduction of metal oxides | |
| US3445223A (en) | Alloy for addition of columbium to steel | |
| US3306737A (en) | Magnesium and rare earth metal containing prealloy for the treatment of iron and steel melts | |
| US2064150A (en) | Low-carbon ferro-titanium-silicon alloy | |
| US2797988A (en) | Process of producing metal alloys of low impurity content |