USRE37550E1 - Solid waste comminutor with removable bearing assembly and improved side rails - Google Patents
Solid waste comminutor with removable bearing assembly and improved side rails Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- USRE37550E1 USRE37550E1 US09/228,682 US22868299A USRE37550E US RE37550 E1 USRE37550 E1 US RE37550E1 US 22868299 A US22868299 A US 22868299A US RE37550 E USRE37550 E US RE37550E
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- cutter
- bearing
- stack
- stacks
- seal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
- B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
- B02C18/16—Details
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
- B02C18/0084—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments specially adapted for disintegrating garbage, waste or sewage
- B02C18/0092—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments specially adapted for disintegrating garbage, waste or sewage for waste water or for garbage
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
- B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
- B02C18/14—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers
- B02C18/142—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers with two or more inter-engaging rotatable cutter assemblies
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
- B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
- B02C18/16—Details
- B02C18/18—Knives; Mountings thereof
- B02C2018/188—Stationary counter-knives; Mountings thereof
Definitions
- This invention relates to a solid waste communiting apparatus.
- Such devices have been established in the art and are now widely used in a variety of industrial applications, such as municipal waste treatment and industrial applications.
- comminution is the reduction of particle size of solid waste material to minute particles. It is generally performed by shearing, shredding and crushing of the waste material. As set forth in the '324 patent, comminution occurs by utilizing a pair of counter-rotating intermeshed cutting members.
- the solid waste material is fed into the interface between cutting elements, typically utilizing a fluid carrier medium and shearing action occurs because the two cutters overlap each other such that opposing forces of counter-rotation of the cutting elements on the different stacks act on the solid material as it passes through the device.
- such devices are generally used in an influent/effluent path. That is, the solid material is generally entrained in a liquid and the device is placed directly in the liquid stream. By having the solid material entrained in a liquid stream transportation of the material to and from the unit occurs. Further, by softening the solid particles, a greater degree of comminution is achieved.
- Devices of the type disclosed in the '324 patent have found commercial success and are widely used in waste treatment facilities, shipboard use and the like. As can be appreciated, the environment of use is very harsh for the equipment and as such, routine maintenance is required in both a preventative sense and also to immediately repair breakdowns when they occur thus minimizing system down-time.
- a further object of this invention is to provide a solid waste comminutor of improved seal and bearing life by improved seal effectiveness which is independent of stack tightness.
- Yet another object of this invention is to provide a seal cartridge for a solid waste comminutor which has an independent labyrinth that can be replaced without disassembly of the seal-bearing structure.
- Another object of this invention is to provide an improved solid waste comminutor that utilizes an improved side rail assembly to direct flow through the comminutor.
- a still further object of this invention is to provide an improved solid waste comminutor that employs an access port at the top of the cutter stack to permit stack tightening and a reduction in the size of the lower compartment to reduce head drop.
- a dual stack solid waste comminutor having preassembled bearing-sealing elements that are replaceable individually. That modular assembly improves system life while minimizing down-time.
- a cartridge type seal is employed utilizing two modular assemblies, one on each end of the cutter stack.
- Each of the modular bearing-seal assemblies comprises a pair of identical bearing-seal cartridges. Two identical bearing-seal cartridges are assembled into the end housing to thus form top and bottom modular pairs.
- the bearing-seal cartridges float within the housing to provide movement with shaft movement thereby reducing the stress on the shafts and bearings.
- a quick exchange of the mechanical subassembly, which includes bearings, O-ring seals and cartridge housing itself can be effectuated.
- an individual seal cartridge can be installed quickly without the need to disassemble the entire subassembly.
- bearing-seal cartridge is identical for the top and bottom of the cutter stack.
- the bearing-seal cartridge is an item which is preassembled and installed as received.
- the cartridge is interchangeable as a unit and is inserted into the end housing.
- re-torquoring of the cutter stack can be accomplished while the unit is still in-channel and installed. This is accomplished by an access port located at the top of the cutter stack assembly. It has been demonstrated that in practice, the most common preventative maintenance function is re-torquing the cutter stack to maintain stack compression for maximum cutting efficiency.
- Another advantage of this invention is an early warning seal failure detection system which can be used to prevent premature bearing failure.
- the invention provides for a drain port and/or weep holes in the shafts that allow fluid permeating from the seal to escape to the exterior. This can thus be viewed by maintenance personnel during routine checks of the system.
- this invention uses an improved side rail system to both strengthen the device as well as direct flow around and toward the cutter elements.
- the side rails have a greater strength compared to normal unit side plates and thus provide additional stiffness for the device.
- the two side rails function to channel the flow at the input side of the device into the cutters. At the periphery of the cutter and on the downstream side, the side rails accelerate the flow to promote cleaning of the cutter elements.
- FIG. 1 is a cut-away side view of the overall comminution system of this invention in accordance with a first preferred embodiment
- FIG. 2 is a schematic view illustrating the seal cartridges and their assembly to form a dual seal cartridge in the first preferred embodiment
- FIGS. 3, 4 and 5 illustrate a second preferred embodiment in which, FIG. 3 is a schematic side view, FIG. 4 is a cut-away view illustrating the internal components and FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the side rail; and
- FIG. 6 is an embodiment of an alternative seal-bearing assembly.
- FIG. 1 a cut-away side view of the overall system according to a first preferred embodiment is depicted.
- the housing 1 has an inlet and outlet, not illustrated.
- a pair of access cut-outs 4 are provided to permit stack tightening, to be described herein, without disassembly of the device.
- the unit employs, three essential subsystems, which comprise a complete comminution apparatus 10 . These are a drive subsystem 11 with a motor 24 and speed reducer 12 , a gearing subsystem 14 , and a cutting subsystem 16 .
- the housing 26 for the speed reducer 12 is mounted to the gear and cutter system 14 , 16 by a pair of conforming flange elements 18 , 20 , which are clamped together by means of bolts 22 .
- the motor is typically an electric drive motor 24 , the details of which need not be discussed in detail. It will be recognized by those skilled that a suitable motor and drive system can be employed consistent with the scope of intended use.
- the speed reducer is contained in a housing 26 and employs an input shaft 30 and an output shaft 28 .
- the input shaft 30 is journaled for rotation using a coupling 32 to the motor 24 . This provides axial and radial alignment of the motor unit 24 with the speed reducer 12 .
- the output shaft 28 of the sped reducer 12 passes through a transition piece 34 in which the output shaft 28 is keyed to a drive shaft 36 of one cutter stack by means of a coupling 35 .
- the drive shaft 36 carries a gear 38 .
- the drive shaft 37 of the other cutter stack carries a gear 40 .
- Both gears 38 and 40 are housed in housing 42 of the gear unit 14 .
- the two gears provide counter-rotation to a pair of cutter stacks 44 , 46 . That is, shaft 36 is the drive shaft and shaft 37 is the driven shaft which counter-rotates due to gears 38 , 40 .
- Each of the cutter stacks 44 , 46 comprises an alternating sequence of cutting elements 48 and spacers 50 . As illustrated in FIG.
- the interface is such that by beginning the stack 44 with a cutter element and stack 46 with a spacer element the cutter elements interleave with each other in the area between the two cutter stacks, which has been denoted by numeral 52 . It is this interactive pair of stacks in zone 52 which provides the shredding of material as it passes through the cutter elements.
- the cutter elements themselves may be either the same on each stack or differ from stack to stack. For example, it has been found that having eleven teeth on one cutter element and five on the opposing element improves the clean-out efficiency of the unit. Moreover, the geometry of the cutter elements may also be different in addition to the variations in the number of teeth.
- FIG. 2 illustrates in greater detail those two subassemblies, although only one is illustrated.
- FIG. 2 illustrates the seal bearing assembly 56 .
- the units are assembled into respective end housings, 58 and 60 .
- FIG. 2 illustrates the end housing 60 .
- two identical bearing-seal cartridges are employed in the end housing.
- FIG. 2 illustrates one seal assembly 62 in place with a second seal assembly 64 inserted into the end housing 60 .
- ends 66 , 68 of the shafts 36 and 37 for the respective cutter assemblies 44 and 46 Illustrated in phantom line in FIG. 2 are the ends 66 , 68 of the shafts 36 and 37 for the respective cutter assemblies 44 and 46 . It will be understood that the shaft ends 66 and 68 protrude through the respective seal cartridges but are held in place by end nuts 69 . Stack tightness is achieved by tightening the end nuts 69 . Access is via the cut-outs 4 so that an individual stack may be tightened. O-rings 70 , and 72 are employed to provide a fluid tight seal for each shaft.
- the bearing-seal cartridge comprises a cartridge housing 74 with an outer flange 76 and an inner tubular portion 78 .
- a spring 80 is inserted between the flange portion 76 and the cylindrical portion 78 .
- a dynamic race 82 sealed by means of an O-ring 84 .
- the dynamic race 82 is placed between the spring 80 and the cylindrical portion 78 .
- This spring provides a means by which the race 82 is provided with float.
- a static race 86 with an O-ring forms the race structure.
- the race is held in place by means of the bearing cartridge 88 having a flange element 91 to cage the static race into position and to also limit axial travel of the dynamic race.
- the dynamic race 82 has a face in contact with a confronting face of static race 86 .
- a bearing structure 90 is housed inside the bearing cartridge and is held in place by means of a retaining ring, such as a snap ring illustrated as element 92 .
- a second spring 87 may optionally be used to allow the races 82 and 86 to axially float. The advantage is prevention of potential skew of the faces of the races relative to each other.
- the second seal cartridge 54 has an identical construction of its elements. The units are held in place and are biased by means of springs 94 , 96 . Those springs provide float for the bearing-seal cartridges 62 , 64 .
- Sealing occurs by means of O-rings 98 , 100 .
- O-rings 98 , 100 Sealing occurs by means of O-rings 98 , 100 .
- the upper end seal-bearing module may be provided with an upper spacer 103 . This spacer rests on the outer race to preload the top bearing stack as the housing 42 is mounted on the housing 58 via bolts 104 .
- the labyrinth illustrated by dotted lines with numeral 102 is not a part of the seal assembly. Rather, the labyrinth is considered to be a part of the stack assembly and is separated from the seal cartridge assembly itself.
- the labyrinth 102 protrudes to the influent/stream where it is subjected to particles and the like while the device is in operation. Hence, it is a component that wears and must, from time to time be replaced.
- the labyrinth 102 can be replaced as a single component since it is merely placed into the annular groove 108 of the housing 60 . It is compressed into position by a force applied through annular raised surface 110 that loads the labyrinth on surface 111 , causes it to slightly deflect. This deflection serves to compensate for wear in the cutter stack.
- this first preferred embodiment offers a number of important advantages.
- stack tightening occurs independent of compression forces on the seal components. This occurs because, in accordance with this invention, the cartridges themselves are positioned and loaded independent of the cutter stack. That is the housing 58 is attached to gear housing 42 by means of the bolts 104 . Tightening the cutter stacks by means of the nuts 69 does not increase the forces on the bearings or seals. Rather, the force is a function of the spring force of the spring 80 .
- This invention also includes a provision of leak detection by means of a leak detection plug 108 .
- an upper seal failure can be ascertained by fluid in the upper housing via the leak detection plug 108 . If there is any water in the area, it will alert personnel that there is a potential failure in the upper bearing seal.
- a leakage path can be provided in each of the shafts 36 , 37 . To the extent that fluid permeates the seal it will thus escape to the exterior where it can be viewed during routine maintenance checks.
- a cartridge type bearing-seal 64 allows for replacement of units on an individual basis as opposed to replacement of the entire seal pair at the top or bottom of the cutter stack. Additionally, the entire assembly with the bearings intact can be removed from the housing for servicing. Given the construction of those cartridge elements tightening of the cutter stack can be accomplished without impairing the effectiveness of the seal. That is, compression of the seal components themselves occurs during the assembly of each of the seal cartridge units illustrated in FIG. 2 . Thus, the integrity of those units is accomplished independent of the tightness of the cutter stack.
- the labyrinth 102 is placed between the main fluid chamber and either of the seal faces.
- the labyrinth 102 is distinct and separate from each of the seal cartridges. To the extent that the labyrinth requires replacement, it can be done by removing the cartridge, inserting a new labyrinth and then reinstallation of the cartridge 56 without any disassembly of the seal components.
- FIGS. 3, 4 and 5 a second preferred embodiment of this invention is illustrated.
- This second preferred embodiment differs from the first in that the stack access port is located at the top of the cutter stack and additionally, a side rail system is employed to promote flow around the cutter stacks.
- a side rail system is employed to promote flow around the cutter stacks.
- this preferred embodiment employs an access port 150 positioned at the top of the head stack assembly. This port is used to gain access to the nut and bolt for tightening the stack.
- An advantage of moving the head tightening access to the top of the unit is that the lower housing may be reduced in profile allowing more of the cutting chamber to be submerged and active, thus reducing upstream head drop. It will be appreciated that a reduction in upstream head is significant because it reduces the possibility of flooding or backup in the channel. Another advantage is that the device can be directly serviced from the top, if necessary by removal of the top cover 152 .
- the device employs a pair of side rails 160 and 162 .
- the side rails extend from the top of the unit where they are joined to top housing members 54 and 58 respectively and at the bottom where they are joined to the bottom housing members 56 and 60 respectively.
- the side rails have an appreciable gauge and rigidity from the rails and thus serve to strengthen the device by stiffening it. This provides the advantage of allowing the seal bearing assemblies to float.
- Each of the side rails has a portion with projections 164 with recesses or slots 166 formed herebetween. As illustrated in FIG. 4 these projections and recesses are offset with respect to the elements of the cutter stack assemblies. They may be slightly offset, as illustrated. As a result flow channels are created at the upstream, input side of the device to direct solids into the cutter elements. This occurs due to the angular orientation of the front of the side rails which initially directs flow toward the cutters. The slots however permit water flow through the rails and accelerate the flow rate due to the decrease in sectional area around the cutters.
- FIG. 5 the details of the side rail are illustrated.
- Such devices are known per se, for example as described in commonly assigned U.S. Pat. No. 4,702,422.
- the configuration here departs from that in the use of a significant open area 168 on the downstream side of the device. It has been found that this configuration allows for greater acceleration of fluid around the outside of the cutter elements, thus cleaning them while at the same time carrying out the primary function of diverting solids at the input side toward the cutter stack.
- FIG. 6 illustrates in sectional view an alternative seal assembly. In this embodiment a single assembly is described, it being understood that this assembly will be employed in a manner identical to that of the first preferred embodiment.
- the units are assembled into respective end housings.
- the bearing-seal cartridge comprises a cartridge housing 174 with an outer flange 176 and an inner tubular portion 178 .
- a static race 186 has a contact surface with the dynamic race and is biased into contact by the wave spring 187 .
- the static race is held in place by means of the bearing cartridge 188 having a flange element 191 to cage the static race into position.
- the dynamic race 182 has a face in contact with a confronting face of static race 186 .
- the dynamic race is positioned by means of lugs 193 .
- the static race is positioned by lugs 189 and pins 183 .
- a bearing structure 190 is housed inside the bearing cartridge and is held in place by means of a retaining ring, such as a snap ring illustrated as element 192 .
- a retaining ring such as a snap ring illustrated as element 192 .
- the wave spring on the back side is eliminated.
- the anti-rotation lugs on the inner diameter prevent rotation with respect to the seal cartridge 178 / 174 / 176 .
- the position of the wave spring 187 together with the elongated axial extension 191 of the bearing cartridge 188 support axial movement thereof and properly load the static seal face.
- the O-ring 184 for the static race in this embodiment is positioned in a recess in the housing as opposed to one in the race as in the first embodiment.
- the anti-rotation mechanism for the static race 186 is achieved by radial slots located adjacent to the wave spring.
- the pins 183 are then pressed through the bearing cartridge 188 and engage the radial slots of the static race 186 .
- the seal face geometry is modified from that of FIG. 1 to allow flexibility in seal balance ratios.
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- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Claims (30)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US09/228,682 USRE37550E1 (en) | 1993-06-16 | 1999-01-12 | Solid waste comminutor with removable bearing assembly and improved side rails |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US08/077,106 US5354004A (en) | 1993-06-16 | 1993-06-16 | Solid waste comminutor |
US08/275,724 US5478020A (en) | 1993-06-16 | 1994-07-19 | Seal bearing assembly for use in a solid waste comminutor |
US08/567,046 US5593100A (en) | 1993-06-16 | 1995-12-04 | Solid waste comminutor with removable bearing assembly and improved side rails |
US09/228,682 USRE37550E1 (en) | 1993-06-16 | 1999-01-12 | Solid waste comminutor with removable bearing assembly and improved side rails |
Related Parent Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US08/567,046 Reissue US5593100A (en) | 1993-06-16 | 1995-12-04 | Solid waste comminutor with removable bearing assembly and improved side rails |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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USRE37550E1 true USRE37550E1 (en) | 2002-02-19 |
Family
ID=27373023
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US09/228,682 Expired - Lifetime USRE37550E1 (en) | 1993-06-16 | 1999-01-12 | Solid waste comminutor with removable bearing assembly and improved side rails |
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US (1) | USRE37550E1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
USRE39948E1 (en) | 1993-06-16 | 2007-12-25 | Jwc Environmental | Seal bearing assembly for use in a solid waste comminutor |
USRE40442E1 (en) | 1993-06-16 | 2008-07-22 | Jwc Environmental | Solid waste comminutor |
US11406986B2 (en) * | 2017-09-07 | 2022-08-09 | M&J Denmark A/S | Comminution apparatus and a method for performing service of such an apparatus |
Citations (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US558642A (en) * | 1896-04-21 | Andrew b | ||
US4127310A (en) * | 1977-09-06 | 1978-11-28 | Ecolaire Incorporated | Shaft bearing and seal with self-lubricating sleeve bearing |
US4702422A (en) * | 1986-09-19 | 1987-10-27 | Disposable Waste Systems, Inc. | Solid waste comminutor with slotted slide rails and side rails for same |
US4724662A (en) * | 1986-07-21 | 1988-02-16 | Textron Inc. | Lawn thatcher assembly |
US4799627A (en) * | 1981-12-19 | 1989-01-24 | Mmd Design And Consultancy Limited | Mineral sizers |
US4961540A (en) * | 1989-08-31 | 1990-10-09 | Wiesemann Enterprises, Inc. | Three shaft comminution apparatus |
US4982907A (en) * | 1988-04-28 | 1991-01-08 | Sedgwick Brian C | Document shredder |
US5048764A (en) * | 1989-11-06 | 1991-09-17 | Flament Gregory J | Apparatus for comminuting solid waste |
US5096499A (en) * | 1991-01-04 | 1992-03-17 | Tilby Sydney E | Slitting apparatus for sugarcane rind |
US5100069A (en) * | 1990-08-27 | 1992-03-31 | Barclay Randel L | Hubless interlocking shearing machine with shallow gullet depths |
US5163629A (en) * | 1991-05-01 | 1992-11-17 | Cummins-Allison Corp. | Shredder cutting discs |
US5207392A (en) * | 1990-03-17 | 1993-05-04 | Schleicher & Co. International Aktiengesellschaft | Cutting mechanism for a document shredder |
US5261750A (en) * | 1991-05-10 | 1993-11-16 | Deere & Company | Bearing assembly |
-
1999
- 1999-01-12 US US09/228,682 patent/USRE37550E1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US558642A (en) * | 1896-04-21 | Andrew b | ||
US4127310A (en) * | 1977-09-06 | 1978-11-28 | Ecolaire Incorporated | Shaft bearing and seal with self-lubricating sleeve bearing |
US4799627A (en) * | 1981-12-19 | 1989-01-24 | Mmd Design And Consultancy Limited | Mineral sizers |
US4724662A (en) * | 1986-07-21 | 1988-02-16 | Textron Inc. | Lawn thatcher assembly |
US4702422A (en) * | 1986-09-19 | 1987-10-27 | Disposable Waste Systems, Inc. | Solid waste comminutor with slotted slide rails and side rails for same |
US4982907A (en) * | 1988-04-28 | 1991-01-08 | Sedgwick Brian C | Document shredder |
US4961540A (en) * | 1989-08-31 | 1990-10-09 | Wiesemann Enterprises, Inc. | Three shaft comminution apparatus |
US5048764A (en) * | 1989-11-06 | 1991-09-17 | Flament Gregory J | Apparatus for comminuting solid waste |
US5207392A (en) * | 1990-03-17 | 1993-05-04 | Schleicher & Co. International Aktiengesellschaft | Cutting mechanism for a document shredder |
US5100069A (en) * | 1990-08-27 | 1992-03-31 | Barclay Randel L | Hubless interlocking shearing machine with shallow gullet depths |
US5096499A (en) * | 1991-01-04 | 1992-03-17 | Tilby Sydney E | Slitting apparatus for sugarcane rind |
US5163629A (en) * | 1991-05-01 | 1992-11-17 | Cummins-Allison Corp. | Shredder cutting discs |
US5261750A (en) * | 1991-05-10 | 1993-11-16 | Deere & Company | Bearing assembly |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
USRE39948E1 (en) | 1993-06-16 | 2007-12-25 | Jwc Environmental | Seal bearing assembly for use in a solid waste comminutor |
USRE40442E1 (en) | 1993-06-16 | 2008-07-22 | Jwc Environmental | Solid waste comminutor |
US11406986B2 (en) * | 2017-09-07 | 2022-08-09 | M&J Denmark A/S | Comminution apparatus and a method for performing service of such an apparatus |
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