USRE2207E - Improved process for rolling india-rubber cloth - Google Patents

Description

/ HAYWARD & BICKFORD.

- Rolling Sofi Rubber.

No. 2,207. Reisued March 20. I866.

mamas M'JM sired shapes or spread upon cloth. -nary method of spreading rubber upon cloth UNITED STATES FRANCIS D. EAYWARD, OF MALQEN, AND IRA E. SANBORN, OE BOSTON,

MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNEES' OF JOHN G. BIOKFORD.

IMPROVED PROCESS FOR-ROLLING INDIA-RUBBER CLOTH.

- Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 7,159, dated March 19, 1850-; extended seven years Reissue .No. 2,207, dated'Mareh 20, 1865.

To all whom it may concern WVhereas Letters Patent No. 7,189 were granted to FRANCIS D. HAYWARD and JOHN C. BICKFORD, on the 19th day of March, of

the year 1850, for a new and useful Process of Rolling India-Rubber Cloth, or, in other words, for coatingcloth or other material with caoutchouc; and whereas the term for which such Letters Patent were originally granted has been extended by the Commis' patent, we do hereby declare the following to.

be a full and correct description of the inven tion of the'said patentees.

The said invention or process consists in taking a piece of cloth and applying to it india-rubber in an adhesive state, so as to give to the cloth what, for convenience, we will call a friction coat of rubber.

To make the invention clearly understood, we will describe the ordinary .process of coating cloths with rubber, in the performance of which the india-rubber is placed between a series of two or more hollow iron rolls heated internally by steam, and made to revolve by suitable machinery. The heat and the pressure softenand grind the rubber and various substances mixed with it into an adhesive plastic mass, which can be molded into de- The ordihas been to pass the cloth and the adhesive -rubber between two or more revolving rolls, by the action of which the rubber has been spread out into -an even sheet, covering the outside of the cloth. This sheet of rubber can, when cool, be stripped from the cloth and used for various purposes in manufacturing; or the cloth with its outside covering of rubber such as described can be used for carriagecovers or sundry other devices; but it has been found that for other purposes in rubber manufacturessuch as machine-belting, conducting-hose, linings of shoes, &c.it was necessary that the rubber should be forced into the body of the cloth and into the meshes,

or spaces left by the threads of the cloth, so that a cloth could be prepared with rubber forced into it and incorporated with its threads or fibers, so that the prepared cloth would be partially adhesive, and other coats of rubber could be added to it and made to adhere to it. The old process of accomplish ing this latter was to dissolve india-rubber in spirits of turpentine or camphene until it was so soft that it could be spread upon cloth by means of rollers. This rubber dissolved in camphene was so much softer than the rubber made plastic by grinding between heated iron rollers that it was by simple pressure forced into the meshes of the cloth, and for some purposes accomplished the desired object. This method of manufacture was open to great object-ion on account of the expense of the camphene used in dissolving the rubber, the disagreeable odor imparted to the goods by it, the danger of fire or explosion, the necessity of great space in the factory for drying the goods before they could be used, and the injury to the goods caused by the qualities of the camphene. To obviate these difficulties many experiments were instituted by the said HAY- \VARD and Breirronn, in order to dispense with the use of camphene and yet be able to produce cloth with. what we call a friction coat of gum forced into and incorporated with the cloth. In order to accomplish this result in accordance with the invention of the said parties a series of hollow iron rolls heated internally by steam are to be employed .and made to revolve by machinery. These rolls do not require very particular description, as they are familiar to rubber manufacturers. A series of two or more rolls can be used, although we prefer three as the best number, and one of the rolls (the middle one, for instance) must be made to move faster than the others, or faster than one of the others, in order to drive the rubber into the cloth.

The accompanying drawing exhibits a set of three of such rolls, a b c, with the cloth 0 and rubber R applied to them, the directions of rotary motion of such rollers as well as the direction of the movement of the cloth being indicated by arrows. D is the roller being ground is placed between rolls, which revolve until in a short time the ened'and spread in a cloth, rolled-on a 7 call,

manufacturing. 'cloth should-have a similar friction i'coat upon used in carryingout theprocess.

- manufacturing the speeds difl'er from which the cloth proceeds.-

A. quantity of the india-rubberpreviously prepared by .two of the mass ofirubber is still further heated and softthick sheet or coat around the fast roll. The thickness of this coat may be such as may be desirable, ac'cord-ing to the nature, quantity, and 'qualityof cloth. The suitable reel, roll, or shell, is next to be'brought to the machine,

and is to have one end placed. upon oneof the slow rolls in order that it may be fed between it and the'faster roll.

The faster roll being themiddle one of the set,

as it revolves drives fa portion of its rubber onto "or through-the 'meshes of the cloth and incorporates it with the threads of the clolh; In this process a.

of rubber which covers t the faster roll is collected into amass (called by rubber-workmen the bank)between the cloth and the faster roll, and this'bank is rolled portion-of the sheet over and over-by means of the action of the roll-- vers, andassists in the operation of forcing the This is what'we for convenience, the friction coat, and thecloth so called can be immediately used in- It is often necessary that'the friction cpa-t into the cloth.

its other side, and this object is accomplished byreversing the clothand again-passing it in a similar way through the machine. a Z i We do not wish to claim as the invention of the said HAYwARnand BICKFORD any particular difference in the speeds of the rolls In practical according to E is another I --rol1er-, on which the cloth is wound after-hav- 1 ing been coated with the rubber.

combined with it, and according to the nature of the'work, whether coarse or fine, heavy or light. A very goodproportion in case of the ordinary thin cloths used for shoe-linings is that the slower rolls should make-six revolutionswhile thefaster roll makes nine revolutions; but in coating the heavy duck used in machine-belting the difference in speed should be much greater. Nor do we claim as the invention of the said HAYWARD and BIGKFORD the mere spreading .of indie-rubber upon cloth by means of heated rollers; nor the mere running of iron rollers at diiferent velocities, as the same has been done before for thepurpose of planishing a hard surface, such as that of any substances between them'; but hatwe do claim as the invention of the said H YWARD and BICKFORD ifstially as described of applying rubber or vent or solvents to cloth, the same being accomplished by means of revolving rollers running at difl'erent velocities, and being so arranged that the rubber while the cloth is in the act of passing between two of them shallv be forced and ground'into the meshes or pores of the clothby the faster or fastest roller of the setor series.

2. The new or improved fabric or article of -manufacture as produced by the said new or improved process. p

FRANCIS D.-]H'AYWAR;D. IRA E. SANBQBN. Witnesses? R. H; EDDY,

1 f, JAs'H. LEE.

the nature of the rubber andthe ingredients a plate of metal, or for grinding or reducing 1. The new orimprovedprocess substan- ,caoutchouc not previously dissolved by a sol-

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