US97983A - Improvement in water-proofing- fabrics - Google Patents
Improvement in water-proofing- fabrics Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US97983A US97983A US97983DA US97983A US 97983 A US97983 A US 97983A US 97983D A US97983D A US 97983DA US 97983 A US97983 A US 97983A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- parafiine
- fabrics
- cloth
- proofing
- improvement
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 title description 19
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000010985 leather Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009877 rendering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 241000287181 Sturnus vulgaris Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013405 beer Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003490 calendering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000944 linseed oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021388 linseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
- D06N3/0002—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate
- D06N3/0015—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate using fibres of specified chemical or physical nature, e.g. natural silk
- D06N3/0025—Rubber threads; Elastomeric fibres; Stretchable, bulked or crimped fibres; Retractable, crimpable fibres; Shrinking or stretching of fibres during manufacture; Obliquely threaded fabrics
- D06N3/0029—Stretchable fibres; Stretching of fibres during manufacture
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M15/643—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing silicon in the main chain
Definitions
- My said invention relates to the use of the substance called par-affine, in a solid state, for the purpose of rendering various substances less pervious to air and liquids.
- the substances to which I propose to, apply the parafiine are wood, leather, paper, and textile fabrics composed of cotton,"linen, wool, or silk; and my method of applying the paraffiue. to such substances consists in coating or impregnating them therewith.
- I take a plate of iron, or other metal, the upper surface of which is quite clean, and this I heat to a temperature of from 130? to 250 Fahrenheit, or even higher, if desirable, either by placing it over a suitable'ihrnace, or by means-of low or high-pressure steam, or ametallic or other bath.
- the process can be made continuous, bypassing them over one 'or more hot wooden or metallic rollers, coated with parafiine from working in a bath of that substance.
- the excess of parafiine is removed by means of what is called a gaugespreader, having a gauger or knife fixed above it, and furnished with screws, so as to regulate the amount of parafiine applied to the roller.
- amonnt of parai'line can also be regulated by means of a brush, or'similar apparatus, also acting on a roller, the thorough incorporation .of the paraflino and fabric being subsequently completed with hot rollers, by means of which any excess of paraiiine can also be removed.
- drying-oil such as linseed-oil, or nut or poppy-oil
- melting the parafline to facilitate the admixture, and then casting the same in blocks, which are used in the manner above described, or the fabric saturated with the parafiine may have a coating of drying-oil.
- My object in applying paraii'ino to wood, is to fit it the better for being manufactured into "essel's of capacity, as 'vats, cisterns, and casks, or barrels.
- the parafiine may be applied to the wood in the form of planks or of stares, or to the vessels when manufiietured.
- Gasks or barrels, for containing ale or beer may be'lienefieially treated with pure paraiiine.
- the easks are first to he dried, by hot air, and the melted parafline is to be poured therein.
- the casks being then closed, are rolled over and over, until thoroughly saturated. After this, they are to he again heated, and any excess of pm'afiine contained therein is to he turned out Claim.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
Description
ital-ted gist-r5 meld Gtiiflirr.
JOHN STENHOUSE, OI! 17 RODNEY STREET, PENTONVILLE, LONDON, ENGLAND, AS- SIGNOB TO ARTHUR CHENEY AND ALONZO MILLIKEN, OF BOSTON, MASSAGHU- SETTS.
Letters Patent No. 97,983, dated December 14, 1869; patented in England, January 8, 1862.
T IMPROVEMENT m wa'mn-raoorme reanrcs.
The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the same.
To all whom it may concern.-
Be it known that I, J on Srnsnousn, of 17 Rodney street, Pentonville,- London, England, chemist, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Rendering certain Substances less Pervious to Air and Liquids, and also less liable, to decay, and I hereby declare the following to be a'full, clear, and exact description of the same.
My said invention relates to the use of the substance called par-affine, in a solid state, for the purpose of rendering various substances less pervious to air and liquids.
The substances to which I propose to, apply the parafiine, are wood, leather, paper, and textile fabrics composed of cotton,"linen, wool, or silk; and my method of applying the paraffiue. to such substances consists in coating or impregnating them therewith.
One way in which I treat leather and textile fabrics is as follows:
I take a plate of iron, or other metal, the upper surface of which is quite clean, and this I heat to a temperature of from 130? to 250 Fahrenheit, or even higher, if desirable, either by placing it over a suitable'ihrnace, or by means-of low or high-pressure steam, or ametallic or other bath.
On this plate I stretch out the cloth or leather which I wish to coat or impregnate, and hold it ti ht to soften or melt the parafline easily, I then rub over it, on the wrong side of the cloth, a fiat rectangular block of solid paraiiine, with the hand or otherwise, so as to coat its surface as evenly as possible. The cloth is then strongly compressed, by means of a hot fiat-iron, or hot rollers, 01' other suitable arrangement, in order to distribute the paraiiine more equally among the fibres.
Then the coating or impregnation of the fibres is completed, itvis taken off and allowed to cool.
Sometimes, instead of a fiat block of paraifine, I employ a roller of that materiahimade by pouring melted parafiine around a wooden core or axis, placed in'a suitable mould. The cloth, which has been .previousl y warmed, is then drawn in a contrary direction to the roller, with which it is kept in very close contact, by suitable pressure.
"This plan will serve also for preparing wateleproof paper. V
The thorough incorporation of the parafiine with the cloth is completed by calendering between hot metallic rollers, as in the. previous case;
Sometimes, also, I draw the warmed cloth over a bar, of any suitable form, of parafline, instead of over Parafline can likewise be applied to cloth and leather,
by rubbing it on strongly, when cold, and then passing a hot iron over its surface, but the methods previously described, I have found more rapid.
' At other times I. take solid paraffine, which I beat in"suitable vessels, until it is not only melted, but its temperature is'raised considerably above its meltingpoint. A temperature of from 130 to 250 Fahren-n heit, is found to answer very well.- A plate of iron, or, other metal is heated to a temperature considerably above the melting-point .of paraiiine, and on this plate a sheet of stout paper, or other absorbent ma terial, such as linen, cotton, or woollen cloth, is placed, and evenly coated over with the melted parafiine, by means of a brush or other suitable instrument.
' The fabric or leather, which it is wished to impregnate, is then spread out on the paraffine-mrface above mentioned, usually with the wrong side of the cloth downward, and if thought desirable, a second paraffined surface is laid upon it, so as to bring the para-ffine in contact with both of its sides, and the wh'ole is strongly compressed, by means of a hot fiat-iron, or by passing it between hot metallic rollers.
lVhen the impregnation is completed, the material is taken out and allowed to cool.
When fabrics of considerable length have to be treated with parafiine, the process can be made continuous, bypassing them over one 'or more hot wooden or metallic rollers, coated with parafiine from working in a bath of that substance. The excess of parafiine is removed by means of what is called a gaugespreader, having a gauger or knife fixed above it, and furnished with screws, so as to regulate the amount of parafiine applied to the roller.
The amonnt of parai'line can also be regulated by means of a brush, or'similar apparatus, also acting on a roller, the thorough incorporation .of the paraflino and fabric being subsequently completed with hot rollers, by means of which any excess of paraiiine can also be removed.
The quantities of parafiine which are appliedto. fabrics, and the temperature to which I expose them, vary exceedingly,.according to their nature, that is to say, according to the thickness of the fabric, and the delicacy of the colors, as anypractical man will readi-.
of drying-oil, such as linseed-oil, or nut or poppy-oil, melting the parafline to facilitate the admixture, and then casting the same in blocks, which are used in the manner above described, or the fabric saturated with the parafiine may have a coating of drying-oil. My object in applying paraii'ino to wood, is to fit it the better for being manufactured into "essel's of capacity, as 'vats, cisterns, and casks, or barrels.
The parafiine may be applied to the wood in the form of planks or of stares, or to the vessels when manufiietured.
Gasks or barrels, for containing ale or beer, may be'lienefieially treated with pure paraiiine. The easks are first to he dried, by hot air, and the melted parafline is to be poured therein. The casks being then closed, are rolled over and over, until thoroughly saturated. After this, they are to he again heated, and any excess of pm'afiine contained therein is to he turned out Claim.
What I elaim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is"
The employment and application of parafline, in a solid state, to wood, leather, paper, or textile fabrics, composed of cotton, linen, wool, or silk, by means of a metal plate, heated to a temperature from 130 to 250 1 ahrenheit, the article to he treated to be stretched thereon, and then manipulated, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification, in th presence" of two subscribing witnesses.
Witnesses: JOHN STENHOUSE.
J. HENRY JOHNSON,
47 Lincolns Inn Fields, London. HENRY STEVENS,
Clerk to JII'r. J. H'en/ry Johnson,
47 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London.
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US97983A true US97983A (en) | 1869-12-14 |
Family
ID=2167443
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US97983D Expired - Lifetime US97983A (en) | Improvement in water-proofing- fabrics |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US97983A (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3019980A (en) * | 1956-12-13 | 1962-02-06 | Brunsviga Maschinenwerke Ag | Apparatus for the reception, storage, and re-emission of positive and negative numerical values, especially for use with standard office machines |
US20050144652A1 (en) * | 1997-07-12 | 2005-06-30 | Burke Trevor J. | Method and apparatus for generating a programme |
-
0
- US US97983D patent/US97983A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3019980A (en) * | 1956-12-13 | 1962-02-06 | Brunsviga Maschinenwerke Ag | Apparatus for the reception, storage, and re-emission of positive and negative numerical values, especially for use with standard office machines |
US20050144652A1 (en) * | 1997-07-12 | 2005-06-30 | Burke Trevor J. | Method and apparatus for generating a programme |
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