USRE20667E - Art of ply paper or board manufac - Google Patents

Description

March 8, 1938.- l l J. w. SALE Ref 42.9.@67

ART OF FLY PAPER OR BOARD MANUFACTURE Original Filed 0612. 24, 1954 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 I w x v March 8, 1938. J. wl. SALE Re. 20,667

n ART\ OF FLY PAPER 0R BOARD MANUFACTURE Original Filed 0011.24, 1934 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 March 8, 1938. J. w. SALE ART OF `FLY PAPER OR BOARD MNUFACTURI? Original Filed Ocstf 24,` 1934 3 Sheets-Sheet I5 Reeeued Mar. 8, 1938 Re.

UNITED STATESIPATNT OFFICE-A John W. Sale, Hopewell; Va., asaignor to Ilummel-Rose Fibre Corporation, Hopewe Va., a corporation of Virginia riginal No. 2,018,382, dated October 22, 1935,

Serial No. 749,839, October 24, 1984. Applica' igginfsor reissue August 18, 1937, Serial No.

This invention relates to improvements in the art of ply paper or board manufacture. y

In the manufacture of paper board, liners, and various grades of built-up vat-lined combination better sheet finish than is regularly obtained on a cylinder machine, theadvantageous result being especially noticeable where-the bottom stock is of a greater degree of freeness than the liner stock'which allows theuse ofy increased volumes' 13 claims. (ci. ca -a9) of water iny the formation, to the end that the formation is greatly aided. l

A further specific object of the invention is to lay down a homogeneous sheet of known nber View! I Figure l is a longitudinal vertical sectional viewl of the'lnain partsoftheforming end ofy a Fourdrinier machine of well known type;

Figures, 3 and 4 are respectively vertical sec- 5 ply board, it has heretofore been necessary to content with varying amounts of sizing materials '5 use a single cylinder or multi-cylinder rotary main each face. thereby eliminating a substantial chine. This type of machine has a number of .amount of sizing material on the bottom face, serious disadvantages which are well known to resulting ,in a considerable saving in sizing mathose skilled in thisart. terial cost, and also increasing the qualities of A general object of the present invention is to the ultimate product which are desired when 10 render it possible to manufacture the aforementhe finished product is to be used in corrugating tioned type of paper or the like on a Fourdrinier or pasting machines, the lower or base sheet in type of machine, thereby being able to greatly inthe present product, having less sizing, permitting crease speed of manufacture with a resulting inof quicker setting of silicate adhesive.

crease in production. In practicing my method Another specific object of the invention is to lo I form the usual web of sheet of `paper or board provide a homogeneous sheet of known fiber in the regular manner on a Fourdrinier wire belt content having a more' even surface than was y and superpose on this regular web vor sheet anpossible of attainment heretofore, with the reother sheet made from the same materials and suit that there can be a substantial reduction in of the same color, or from different materials and the amount of surface or sizing materials over 20 of different colors, in such manner as to, first, that required in Stlndl'd Practl for the atimprove the formation and texture of the sheet tainment of a high nish with the elimination and give it greater tensile strength both with i ofy hills and valleys. and across the grain; secondly, to provide a more A further speoic object of the invention is to uniform formation, improve the Mullen test and provide on a Fourdrinier typeof machine, a 25 the finish or surface characteristics and produce homogeneous sheet of certain or known ber a much more uniform and highly polished surface content with varying amounts of stock hydration, without the aid of starch, wax, or other ingredithus obtaining far better driving qualities than ents used4 as a surface coating on some-types of are regularly obtained on a Fourdrinier machine,

board; and thirdly, to obtain greater bulking, the advantageous result being'especiallynotice- 30 thus resulting in a lower weight per unit area able where the bottom stock or the base sheetv is for a given thickness of paper or board. of a greater degree of freeness than the` liner My invention further eliminates certain disadstockor supplemental sheet which permits faster vantages which heretofore have been inherent drying, to the end that the production is greatly in the Fourdrinier type ofmachine. in that, first, increased. Still another specific object of the 35 my invention enables the paper maker to control invention is to produce a homogeneous sheet of the sizing or absorbency on one or both sides of known fiber content, which in the finished prodthe sheet especially for use by the manufacturer uct will have surfaces susceptible of readily re of corrugated or solid fiber shipping cases, as it Ceiving cOlOring-material.- A

enables thc box maker to get quicker and more These and Other Objects 8nd advantages will` 40 uniform achesionin pasting the board; secondly, be apparent from the f011wins detailedfdescnpthe elimination of dangerof splitting,y blowing n3- i or checking fremmmyA found m boardimade on A clear conception ofthe steps constitutingthe cylinder machines, as more fully hereinafter set present improved'method'nd f the impmvedf an o w c e me ymay commerc A specific object of the invention is to provide exploitedmy beheld by referring to thevdmwmga on a Fourdrinier type of machine, a homogeneous f V he t of certain or known ilber content with accompanying and :Omnium of thuispeci' s e A a' fication in which like reference characters uclesig-v w maximum amount of dilution, thus obtainingfar nate the me 781mm parts m. menno of I-beams II.

2 tional views of modified forms of the supplemental head-box;

Figure 5 is a vertical transverse sectional view in which the deposit plate may be flexed transversely for the pur'pose hereinafter set forth.

lReferring to the drawings annexed by reference characters, i0 .designates the usual main headbox of a Fourdrinier, which head-box is provided with the usual devices for delivering to the wire belt il the usual highly diluted water laid sheet, the usual table rolls I2 being employed to support the wire upon its rearward movement through the machine.

At any suitable point along the length of the rearwardly moving wire, I mount a supplemental head-box designated generally by the numeral I2, this head-box being suspended atL a desirable point above the wire by means of vertical hanger bolts Il, two being used at each end oi' the headbox, and their upper ends being adjustably connected. to a frame consisting mainly .of a pair In this manner oi' supporting the head-box, it will be noted that it may be readily -adjusted vertically and in addition may be more or less tilted toward one sideror the other, as well as tilted fore and aft of the ma' chine. This universal suspension of the supplemental head-box may be obtained in any suitable manner. I illustrate a simple way, namely, by threading hand-operable nuts i0 on the upper ends of the hanger bolts Il.

'I'he stock is supplied to the superposed orsup-- plemental head-box by means of valved vertical pipes I1 which have a common connection to a supply pipe IB. the lower ends of these vertical pipes I1 being arranged to loosely telescope into upturned elbows i9 whose lower ends empty into the chest Il through the front wall thereof. By thus connecting the stocksupply conduits with the supplemental chest, it will be seen that the chest will have a wide range of adjustment up and down and a sufficient range of transverse,

as well as longitudinal, tilting to permit of. all

the adjustments desirable in properly depositing the supplemental vtop or liner sheet upon the base sheet.

The interior of the chest`ll is provided with suitable baiiies '20 which extend from one end wall of the chest to the other end wall at points the fibers with the water that carries them, but

also destroy tendency to turbulency in the chest, and thus insure a smooth, quiet delivery of kthe stock outwardly over the top edge of the rearmost one o f the baffles.

Projecting rearwardly from the rear, delivery side of -the chest I3 is a deposit plate2l, whose forward edge is rigidly attached to the chest,

and whose rear, delivery edge is free. 'Ihis deposit plate 2| extends from one end to the other of the chest and is horizontally arranged so that the highly diluted stock may flow quietly off its rear, delivery edge onto the base sheet on the wire. To regulate the depth or thickness of the out-flowing stream, I provide a vertically adjustable sluice or gate 22, mounted to slide vertically on the rearwardly extended end walls of the chest. this vertical adjustment being accomplished by screws 2l and hand-nuts or wheels 2l. 'I'his gate 22,' togethery with the plate 2| and the adjacent ,baille 20, forms a pool at the rear delivery end of the chest to thus further insure against agitation of the liquid stock, the

quiet fiow of the hydrated stock onto the base sheet being highly desirable in order to avoid rippling of the upper surface of the composite sheet. To stillfurther quiet the liquid stock in the pool, I arrange therein a depending baille 2l.V

'I'his is adjustably supported by screws 28 and hand-nuts 21 on the aforesaid rearwardly extended walls of the chest. In the construction above described, it will be seen that no matter how lhighly diluted the stock in the supplemental chest may be, I may deliver it in a quiet. even flow onto the base sheet.

I have discovered that by makingfthe-deposit plate 2i v'of thin. elastic metal, I may utilize this plate for insuring a uniform, even thickness of the finished paper or board. yI have found that by providing means for flexing the delivery edge of the plate at a plurality of points across the machine, I may deliver varying quantities of the,

ystock at points wherever needed across the base sheet, and thus correct any flaws in the finished sheet. 'In practice, by calipering the finished sheet in the usual manner, I ascertain at what points across the sheet more or less stock is needed and then make the flexing adjustments of the plate accordingly. In the present instance, the means for flexing the sheets at separated points consists of vertical rods 2l attached rigidly at their lower ends to the plate 2 I, and having their upper ends threaded and provided with handoperable nut wheels 2l. Each one of these adothers, sothe plate may be more or less exed at different points along its length. 'I'he sluice or gate 22 is desirably made in two sections which may overlap each other midway the width of the machine, as shown in Figure 8, to thus enablef this sluice or gate to be properly adjusted on the side walls of the chest. It is desirable. when this overlapped sluice is used, to provide the overlapped ends with adjusting devices Il to insure proper alignment of the sections.

All Fourdrinier machines are provided with means for edgewiseiy shaking the wire after it leaves the breast-roll at the forming end of the machine to thus insureinterlocking of the fibers' in the sheet. I may arrange to lay-the supplemental sheet upon the base sheetjwlthout laterally shaking thesupplemental chest, in which case the fibers of the supplemental sheet lie approximately parallel with each other when they are bonded to the'base sheet, and thus give to the Lfinished composite sheet the highest possible degree of stiffness. l On the other hand, I may so justment devices is operable independently of the mount the supplemental chest that it too maydm finished sheet but also give to it a flexibility that is desirable `in many cases. To thus provide for shaking the supplemental box endwisely, 'I

mount its supporting frame I upon a pair of upstandlng, supporting pivotal links Il and connect one of the links by means of an arm i! to a power driven eccentric device 13. so that during the operation of the machine a lateral vibration of the suspension frame of the supplemental chest will be accomplished. l

A feature of great importance in carrying out my method is that at the point where the top sheet is laid down upon the base sheet, the conditions shall be such as to insure a complete amalgamation or bonding of the two sheets in order that the finished sheet shall 'be completely homogeneous and not subject to peeling or separation under flexure. This complete bonding of superposed sheets has never heretofore been accomplished even in the cylinder machines now in general use in the manufacture of this type of board. I accomplish this very important result by providing means for setting the nbers in the underside of the base sheet and leaving the upper face of the base sheet in a suillciently watery l condition to insure its fibers intimately interlocking with the bers of the supplemental sheet when it is laid down onto the watery face of the under sheet. .That is to say, the fibers in thev underside of the base sheet which have been set. as herein described, are not disturbed although it is not possible to. avoid a certain amount of turbulence at the line of deposit of the top layer stock on the base sheet stock due -to the fact, herein explained. that the watery top layer stock ismquickly commlngled with the watery top portion of the moving base layer stock. But the bottom surface of 'the base sheet retains the charac-l teristics of the base sheet stock while at the same time there is a thorough commingling oi the top high grade stock at the center-of the sheet with the watery stock in the top surface of the base sheet. In the present illustration of my apparatus, I show three suction boxes 34, 3B, 38' for accomplishing this purpose, these 'suction boxes being arranged under the wire and being constructed in the usual manner and subjected to the vacuum suction in the usual way, not shown; Any one or all of these suction boxes, or even additional suction boxes, may be used for preliminarily setting the under side of the sheet. The

amount of suction the sheet is subjected to depends on the nature 'of the board or paper being produced, as is obviousl it being important only that a suiilcient quantity of water in the base sheet shall be quickly extracted to set the fibers inthe underside of the sheet and leave the upper side of the sheet in as watery condition as possible to thus enable the water on the upper surface of the sheet to commingle with the water coming down with the supplemental sheet.v It will be notedv that one of these -suction boxes, namely I8, is located directly underneath the delivery edge of the deposit plate 2i.: this is desirable in order that the composite sheet shall be dehydrated as quickly as possible at the delivery point to thus insure an amalgamation of the twor sheets asquickly as possible after they come together, and thus keep downy as muchas possible the naturaltendencyto ripple at the delivery point. Any number of additional suction boxes 31 l maybe placed beyond the preliminary vsetting boxes to insure the proper dehydration of the composite sheet before it reaches the usual finishing mechanism (not shown) at the end of th machine.

` Any number of the usual dandy-rolls 3l may of course be used for smoothing the upper surface both of the base sheet and the composite sheet.

In some cases, it may be desirable to fasten `a flexible apron or sheet on the deposit plate and have rit extend beyond the delivery edge thereof in order to still further prevent undesirable turbulency at that point. It will be understood also that one or more additional supplemental chests may be employed if it be desired to produce a board having more than two plies. And it will be noted also that in my process the plies may be made of the same furnish or of different characters; for instance, for carton and box board it will be desirable to have a base sheet of a more porous nature so as to give it a better pasting surface, while. the top layer may be made of such bers that i-t will take a hard, smooth polish in the calenders. Also, in my process it is a simple matter to color either one or both the plies.

It is to be understood that where I refer to the under side of the sheet being set, I mean that the y fibers have assumed their final position with reference to each other, and that where I refer to the top side of the base sheet as being in a watery condition at the point where the. supplemental sheet is laid down thereon, I mean that the bers in the top side of the sheet have not yet y assumed their tlnal position but are still in a Afloating condition in the water.

' In the modification shown in Flgure,2, I show an elevated chest 38 which may be employed for delivering the dehydrated stock to the chest Il by means of a downwardly inclined board or` trough lil.

'In Figure 3, I show the supply chest 39 directly connected with the supplemental chest i3 and arranged under it, one of the dandy-rolls 38. In Figure 4, I show the elevated supply chest 38 projecting` rearwardly so as to overhang the supplechine of the Fourdrinier type. a supplemental stock chest mounted above the wire belt having means for delivering a supplemental layer Aof stock upon the base sheet upon the wire and means whereby said supplemental stockchestmay be vertically adjus with respect to the wire, a stock supply-pipe aving a plurality of depending valved branches, a corresponding plurality of upstandlng inlet-pipes carried by the supplemental chest, the adjacent ends of the two sets of pipes having yiree telescoping connections whereby the supplemental chest may be raised and lowered and tilted without disconnection from said valved branches of the delivery pipes.

2. In combination with a paper making machine ofthe Fourdrinier type, a supplemental stock chest supported above the wire and havlng means for delivering a supplemental sheet of stock upon the base sheet on the wire, said means embodying a substantially horizontal deposit plate projecting from the supplemental stock Achest in the direction of movement of the base upright plate at the delivery edge of satiddeposit plate 'for regulating. the ow between said feed 'means for delivering a supplemental sheet vof stock upon the base sheet on the wire, said means embodying a substantially I*horizontal deposit. plate projecting from the supplemental stock chest in the direction of movement of the baser sheetand having a delivery edge, means for forming a pool' upon said deposit plate. and an upright -plate at the' delivery edge of said deposit plate for regulating the flow between said feed edge and the lower edge of said Yupright plate on to the base sheet, said deposit plate being fiexible transversely at its delivery edge and means being .provided for flexing said delivery edge at separated points across the machine.

4. In combination with a paper making machine of the Fourdrinier type a supplemental stock chest supported above the wire and having means for delivering a Supplemental sheet of stock upon the base sheet on the wire. said means embodying a substantially horizontal deposit plate projecting from the supplemental stock chest in the direction of movement of the base sheet and having a delivery edge, means for forming a pool upon said deposit plate, and an upright plate at the delivery edge of said deposit plate for lregulating the fiow between said feed edge and the lower edge of said upright plate on to the base sheet, means being provided for f transversely shaking the supplemental box during the `delivery oi' the supplemental sheet of stock.

5. In the art of making ply paper or ply board or products of a similar nature on a single Fourdrinier wire, continuously laying down a base sheet of free stock on the wire and continuously moving the same with the wire, dehydrating said base sheet as it travels by quickly extracting a sui'iicient quantity of water there- Afrom to set the fibers in the underside of the base sheet and leave the upperside of the sheet in a watery condition such as will enable it to commingle with a stock applied thereover, continuously delivering on the top side of said dehydrated base sheet a dilute stream of relatively slower stock and at a point where said base sheet has its upper `or top side in' such watery conditiorr as to enable the water and fibers on the upper surface of the base sheet to commingle with `the water and fibers of'the slower stock and without disturbing the initial set of the fibers in the underside of the base shet, dehydrating the .composite sheet with sufficient rapidity to l avoid a rippled finished sheet and causing the fibers of the adjacent surfaces of the respective ,stocks to intermingle andy interlock by drawing down the fibers of the underpart of the slower stock into interlocking mixed relation with the face formed from the bottom free stock which is relatively porous and providesa pasting sul-'facci saco? 6. A process in accordance with claim in which dehydration of the composite sheet is aided by suction applied by a suction box arranged adjacent the point of delivery of the dilute stream upon the base sheet.

7. A process in accordance with claim 5 in which dehydration of .the composite sheet is aided by suction vapplied by a suction box arranged substantially beneath the point of delivery of the dilute'stream upon the base sheet.

8. A process 'in accordance with claim 5 in which the two stocks have varying amounts of sizing materials and the base stock is less sized than the upper stock.

9. In the art of making ply paper or plylboard or products of a similar nature on a single Fourdrinier wire, continuously applying a dilute suspension of fibrous stock on the wire andA continuously moving the same with the wire, while dehydrating the same by quickly extracting a sufficient quantity of water therefrom to form a fibrous base sheet by setting the fibers in the underside of the base sheet and leaving the upperside of the sheet in a watery condition such as will enable it is commingle with a stock applied thereover, continuously delivering onto the top side of said formed dehydrated base sheet as it travels a dilute stream of stock and at a point where said base sheet has its upper or -top side in such watery condition as to enable the water and fibers on the upper surface of the.

base sheet to commingle with the water and fibers of the second applied stock and without disturbing the initial set of the. fibers inthe underside of the base sheet, dehydrating the composite sheet with sufficient rapidity by suction applied beneath the point of delivery of the dilute stream upon the base sheet to avoid a rippled finished sheet and causing the fibers of the adjacent surfaces of the respective stocks to intermingle and interlock by drawing down the fibers of the underpart of the second appliedstock into interlocking mixed relation with the fibers of the upper portion of the base sheet and thus form a sheet which is homogeneous and not subject to peeling and in which the fibers of the twov stocks are interlocked within the body of the sheet.

10. In the art of making ply paper or ply vboard or products of a similar nature on a single Fourdrinier wire, continuouslyv applying a dilute suspension of fibrous stock on the wire and continuously moving the same with the wire, while dehydrating the same by quickly extracting a suiiicient quantity of water therefrom to form a fibrous base sheet by setting the fibers in the underside of the base sheet and leaving the up-` perside of the sheet in a watery condition such as will enable it to commingle with a stock applied thereover, said dehydration including oo nveying the wire-supported stockover table rolls and then applying suction to the base sheet. continuously delivering onto the top side of said formed dehydrated base sheet at a point substantiallyl immediately after said rsuction is applied to the'sheet and as the latter travels a dilute' stream of stock and at a point where said base sheet has its upper or top side in such waterycondition as to enable thewater and fiberson the upper surface of the base sheet to commingle ./with the water and fibers of the second applied stock and without disturbing the initial set of the fibers in the underside of the base sheet.'de hydrating the composite sheet. with sufficient rapidity after delivery of the dilute stream upon the 75 base sheet to avoid a rippled nished sheet and g causing the bers of the ,adjacent surfaces 'of the respective stocks to intermingle and interlock by drawing down the bers of the under part of the second applied stock into interlocking mixed relation with the bers of the upper portion of the base sheet and thus form a sheet which is homogeneous and not subject to peeling and in which the fibers of the two stocks are interlocked within the bcdy of the sheet.

11. In the art of making ply paper or ply board or products of a. similar nature on a single Four drinier wire, continuously applying a dilute suspension of brous stock on the wire and continuously moving the same with the wire, while dehydrating the same by quickly extracting a sufcient quantity oi' water therefrom to form a brous base sheet by settinglthe bers in the underside of the base sheet and leaving the upperits upper or top side in such watery conditionl as to enable the water and bers on the upper surface of the base sheet tocommingle with the water and bersof the secondv appliedstock and without disturbing the initial set of the bers in the underside vof the base sheet, dehydrating the composite sheet with sumcient rapidity by lsuction applied substantially beneath the point of delivery of the dilute stream upon the base sheet to avoid a rippled nished sheet and causing -the bers of the adjacent surfaces of the respective stocks to intermingle and interlock by drawing down the bers of the underpart of the second applied stock into interlocking mixed relation with the bers of the upper portion of the base sheet and thus form a sheet which is homogeneous and" not subject to peeling and in which the bers of the two stocks are 'interlocked within the body of the sheet. l

i2. In the art of making ply paper or ply board or products of a similar nature on a single Fourdrinier wire, continuously applying a dilute suspension of' fibrous stock on the wire and continuously moving the same with the wire, while delrvdrating the same by quickly extracting a sumcient quantity of water therefrom to form' a brous base sheet by setting the bers in the 4 underside of the base sheet and leaving the upperside oi' the sheet in a watery condition such as will enable it to commingle with a stock applied thereover, continuously delivering onto the top side orma formed dehydrated base sheet u it r 5 travels a dilute stream of stock and ata point where saidv base sheet has its upper or top side in such watery condition as to enable the water and bers on the upper surface of the base sheet to commingle with the water and bers of the second applied stock and without disturbing the initial set of the fibers in the underside of the base sheet, dehydrating the composite sheet with sufficient rapidity by suction applied beneath and also immediately after the point of delivery of the dilute stream upon the base sheet to avoid a rippled nished sheet and causing the bers of the adjacent surfaces of the respective stocks to intermingle and interlock by drawing down the bers of the underpart of the second applied stock into interlocking mixed relation with the bers of the upper portion of the base sheet and thus form a sheet which is homogeneous and not subject to peeling and in which the bers of the two stocks are interlocked within the body of the sheet.`

13. In the art of making ply paper or ply board or products of a similar nature on a single Fourdrinier wire, continuously applying a dilute suspension of brous stock on the wire and continuously moving the same with the wire. while dehydrating the same by quickly extracting a suicient quantity of water therefrom to form a fibrous base sheet by setting the bers in the underside o the base sheet and leaving the upperside of the sheetin a watery condition such as will enable it to commingle with a stock applied thereover, said dehydration including conveying the wire-supported stock over table rolls and then applying suction to the base sheet, continuously delivering onto .the top side of said formed dehydrated base sheet at a point substantially immediately after said suction is applied to the sheet and as the latter travels adilute stream of stock and at a point where said base sheet has its upper or top side in such watery condition as to'enable the water and bers on the upper surface of the base sheet to commingle with the water and bersof the second applied stock and without disturbing the initial set`of the bers in the underside of the base sheet, dehydrating the composite sheet with sulcient rapidity by suction applied immediately after delivery of the dilute stream upon the base sheet to avoid a rippled nished sheet and causing theybers of the adjacent surfaces of the respective stocks to intermingle and interlock by drawing down the bers of the under part of the second applied stock into interlocking mixed relation with the bers of the upper portion of the base sheet and thus form a sheet which is homogeneous and not subject to peeling and in which the bers of the two stocks are interlocked within the body of the JOHN W. SALE.

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