US1880692A - Method of and apparatus for making paper - Google Patents
Method of and apparatus for making paper Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1880692A US1880692A US547214A US54721431A US1880692A US 1880692 A US1880692 A US 1880692A US 547214 A US547214 A US 547214A US 54721431 A US54721431 A US 54721431A US 1880692 A US1880692 A US 1880692A
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- stock
- paper
- wire
- suction
- forming wire
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 23
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000001427 coherent effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007900 aqueous suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000021028 berry Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
- D21F11/00—Processes for making continuous lengths of paper, or of cardboard, or of wet web for fibre board production, on paper-making machines
- D21F11/06—Processes for making continuous lengths of paper, or of cardboard, or of wet web for fibre board production, on paper-making machines of the cylinder type
- D21F11/08—Processes for making continuous lengths of paper, or of cardboard, or of wet web for fibre board production, on paper-making machines of the cylinder type paper or board consisting of two or more layers
Definitions
- WISCONSIN A. CORPORATION 011i WISCONSIN mn'rnon 01' AND nrrana'rus ron MAKING runn App1ication filed June 27, 1931. 1 Serial no. 547,214.
- Thisinvention relates to a method of and apparatus for making fibrous web material. More particularly the invention relates to a method of and apparatus for making paper of a somewhat stratified character y'et unlike paper or board made on a multlple cylinder machine, of a unitary nature, incapable of separation into its constituent layers upon soaking in water.
- the present invention contemplates the manufacture of a somewhat Stratified yet unitary sheet of paper or like fibrous web material on a single Fourdrinier forming wire by the use of novel means and methods.
- the improvements on mynew paper machine comprise the use of a plurality of the aforesaid devices for effecting a more uniform and even distribution of stock onto the forming wire to prevent the formation of eddy currents and to insure awell formed sheet.
- the use on a m chine of only a single such device is described in my above referred to applications and by my present novel arrangement of duplicating or multiplying said devices on the machine, I am able, to produce in a simple, uniform, and single operation, sheet material containing two or more inseparable layers of materials comprising the sheet.
- Another important object of this invention is to devise a process forthe preparation of a paper sheet having a multiplicity of inseparable layers, which process is both economical, eflicient and simple in its operation.
- the arrangement of this invention it is possible to supply the first stock distributing device with unloaded long fibered stock and allow this to form a matted layer of fibers directly on the bare forming wire.
- This para second stock distributing device containing clay in the stock. The clay accordingly is held on the already partially formed web, the fibers of which serve as afilter to resist the passage of the clay through the wire.
- the practically continuous suction applied beneath the Wire carrying the stock or web impregnates the partially formed Web with the clay applied thereto from the second stock distributing device and thereby gives the desired degree of opacity to the sheet and also aids in obtaining a good finish on the sheet.
- Figure 1 is a broken front side elevational view of the forming part of a paper machine embodying the principles of my invention and shown more or less diagrammatically.
- Figure 2 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional view taken longitudinally of the forming part of the machine and transversely of the stock distributing devices.
- Figure 3 is a fragmentary sectional view taken substantially along the line IIIIII of one of the stock distributing devices in Figure 2.
- Figure 4 is a fragmentary sectional view taken substantially along the line IV IV of one of the stock .distributing'devices in Figure 2.
- the reference numeral 10 indicates the supporting frame of a table structure, including side beams 11 mounted for lateral removal upon tracks 13' and 14.
- the specific structure for the removal of the table portionlO need not be described, since many forms of construction for this purpose are well known in the art.
- the suction device 18 which embodies the features shown in my prior copending application Serial No. 378,236 comprises astationary box like hollow member 20 preferably formed in a plurality of transversely divided sections, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27 and 28, each section forming a separate suction unit wherein the degree of suction may be individually controlled and varied to suit the operating condition.
- the stationary suction member 20 is supportedupon the'side beams 11 by means of brackets which are not shown.
- Rolls 29 and 29a are mounted from the side beams 11' at the head and couch roll end of the suction member 20 respectively.
- An endless perforated cover, or belt, 32 is trained around the rolls 29 and 29a to pass over the open top of the suction member 20.
- One of said rolls 29 or 29a is adapted to be suitably driven (driving means are not shown) in a manner to cause the belt'32 to travel with the forming wire 15 at the same rate of speed.
- a roll 33 Between the roll 29a and the couch roll 17 there is mounted on the side beams 11, a roll 33, preferably of the same diameter and size as the roll 29a.
- a wire34 of a coarser mesh than that of the forming wire 15,'is trained around the roll 33 and the roll 16 to cooperate with the traveling belt 32 in supporting the upper run of the forming wire 15 as it passes over the suction device 20.
- the lower run of the coarser wire 32 -passes around a roll'35 and Joins the forming wire 15 as it passes around an idler roll 12 at the head end.
- Each of the separate suction units 21 to 28 inclusive is connected bymeans of. a suction pipe 41 to a separator 42 having a lower barometric leg-43 extending into a well or tank 44 for receiving the water extracted from the stock and Web on the forming. wire 15.
- blower-fan 45 is suitably connected by means of a header pipe 46 and connections 47 to the upper ends of the separators- 42 to apply the desired degree of suction to the units 21' to 28 inclusive.
- a ump 48 may be used to return white water ivater containing paper stock) from the well or container 44' for further use in the process.
- a plurality of longitudinally extending troughs 49 ( Figures 2, 3 and 4), which are adapted to be filled with water from a plurality of transversely extending pipes 51 ( Figure 2) extending through the rear Wall of the suction member 20.
- Each of said pipes 51 is connected to a standpipe 52 ( Figure 1) provided with an overflow pipe 54, whereby a sufficient head is created to cause the water in the troughs end wall of the troughs Within the suction member 20 to maintain the suction between the suction member 20 and the traveling belt or cover 32.
- the forming structure of the paper machine thus far described is substantially that described and claimed in my U. S. Patent No. 1,833,351 referred to above,'containing inaddition, however, a description of a coarser wire 34 which is employed in the'present structure to support the forming wire and the corrugations of the traveling cover or belt 32 to prevent the closing up of openings in In the upper portion of the hollow suction the wire such as might take place if the wire "rested directly upon the corrugations of the traveling belt 32.
- An additional-feature embodied in my present invention is the provision of a. plu-' 'rality of stock delivering -means indicated generally by the reference numeral 90. While I have shown three such stock delivery units,
- Compartment 91 is mounted directly over "sections 21 and 22 of the suction box 22. Compartment 92 is mounted directly over sections 23 and 24, and compartment 93 is mounted directly over sections 25 and 26 of the suction box 20. Each of the compartments 91, 92 and by a motor 104 (Fig.1). Each cylinder 94,
- the framestructure preferably comprises a pair of side walls 85 resting on and supported by side rails 86.
- An end wall 87 also secured to the side walls 85 and spaced at its lower edge above the forming wire 15 as at 88 (Fig. 2) extends transversely of the wire to serve as a retaining wall for a pond of paper stock 89 that is created above the forming wire.
- the fourth retaining wall of compartment 91 is an adjustable slice 100 which separates compartment 91 from compartment 92.
- the slice 100 is supported also from the side walls 85 and is vertically adjustable by any suitable adjusting mechanism, such as shown at 101.
- Compartment 92 is defined by slicewalls 100 and 102 and by the side walls 85.
- compartment 93 is defined by slice walls 102 and 103 and side walls 85.
- Paper stock of the same or different furnish is delivered through pipes 106, 107 and 108 into the interiors of the rotating cylinders 94, 95 and 96, respectively by means of connecting, transverse conduits or pipes 109, 110 and 111, respectively.
- a process of making a pliable paper sheet as mentioned above may be effected by delivering through pipe 106 into conduit 109 a long fibered stock and through pipe 107 into conduit 110 a short fibered stock while a long fibered stock of the same variety as delivered into conduit 109 is supplied to conduit 111.
- a strong pliable sheet will thus be built up on the forming wire which has a short fibered filler and a long fibered outer layer.
- Conduits 109, 110 and 111 extend the full length of the cylinders 94, 95 and 96, respectively, and have longitudinally extending slots 112, 113 and 114, respectively, on their upper sides and a plurality of apertures such as 115 on their lower sides.
- the conduits may be suitably supported in a stationary position by any means, as by a bracket 116 (Figs. 3 and 4), at each end of the conduit. Any suitable means for preparing the stock delivered into the interior of the cylinders 94 to 96 inclusive may be used.
- the longitudinal slots 112, 113 and 114 and the spaced apertures, such as shown at 115, allow the escape of stock both upwardly and downwardly to prevent settling out and the accumulation of any stock within the conduits 109 to 111 inclusive. As shown in Figure 2,
- the stock fills the conduits 109, 110 and 111 and discharges through the longitudinal slots 112, 113 and 114 down over the sides of said ture or other means for delivering and distributing the stock into the rotating cylinder through one or both ends thereof.
- the stock is confined at the ends of the rotating cylinders 94, 95 and 96 by end walls such as the partition 120 supported from the conduit 109 (Fig. 3). Escape of stock through the joints between the walls and the periphery of the cylinders 94,95 and 96 is prevented by suitable packing 121.
- the stock delivery cylinders 94, 95 and 96 are of foraminous construction throughout their entire length intermediate the partition walls 120 and in their preferred embodiments comprise a cylinder having rows of small holes 122 closely arranged together and through which the stock flows into the ponds formed above the wire 15. These holes122 provide nozzle-like delivery orifices which serve to mix the fibers of the stock as it passes through and to break up bunches or collections of fiber if any should reach this point of the machine. the wire 15 in a condition of uniform distribution and with absence of any eddy currents.
- suitable draining means shown at 132, 133 and 134.
- shower pipes 129, 130 and 131 Directly above the cylinders 94 to 96 inclusive are mounted shower pipes 129, 130 and 131 to direct a stream of water downwardly against the outside of the foraminous cylinder to clean out the holes 122.
- the water is drained into the troughs 123, 124 and 125 and doctor bars 126, 127 and 128 secured to one end of the troughs are adapted to scrape against the inner surface of the rotating drums to cause any dirt or wateradhering thereto to flow down into the troughs.
- Said bars 141 are provided with spaced.
- transversely extending blades 147 which are spaced slightly above the forming wire 15 and when oscillated'by means of the driving means described above, including the eccentric 144, serve to keep the stock in gentle agitation to prevent uneven and too rapid settling out in the ponds formed above the forming wire 15.
- the stock on the wire is subjected tocontinuwater from the stock is rapid and continuous.
- the degree of suction to which the stock is subjected may be varied due to the provision scribed,paper having novel and improved 7 characteristics can readily be made. More especially is such a machine adapted for the manufacture of paper having a somewhat Stratified or composite character yet remaining also essentially unitary in nature and thus diifering from multi-ply paper made on a multiple cylinder machine.
- a forming wire a suction device associated therewith and a plurality of revolving reticular drumsmounted over the wire and suction device and cooperating with each other to feed the stock onto said wire.
- a forming wire a suction device associated therewith, a plurality of meansforming several ponds over a portion of the wiresubject to the action of said suction device and a revolving reticular drum mounted in each pond through which the stock flows onto said wire.
- a stationary suction device In a paper machine, a stationary suction device, a forming wire traveling thereover, means including more than one slice defining over said wire a plurality of enclosed spaces, a perforated drum 'mounted transversely of said wire within each of said enclosed spaces and means for introducing stock into each of said drums to flow through the perforations thereof onto said wire.
- a paper machine In a paper machine, a plurality of spaced parallel rolls, an endless forming wire trained therearound, a stationary suction device operatively associated with the greater portion of the upper run of the wire, walls including a plurality of slices defining a plurality of ponds for stock above a-portion of said wire subjected to suction and means within said walls for uniformly distributing stock to eachof said ponds and maintaining a head of stock ahead of each slice.
- a paper machine a plurality of spaced parallel rolls, an outer forming wire traveling thereover' and trained therearound, a sectional hollow suction member positioned within the loop of the forming wire, an ends less perforated belt operatively .associated with said suction member through which suct1on is applied to the forming wire, a relatively coarse wire traveling with and between said belt and forming wire over the surface of said hollow suction member, walls including a plurality of slices defining a plurality of ponds for stock over a portion of the forming wire subjected to suction and a rotating flow evener and stock mixing cylinder in the path of the stock flowing to each of said ponds.
- a pair of spaced rolls a stationary suction device positioned therebetween, a forming wire trained around said rolls to travel over said suction device and a series of adjustable stock feeding devices cooperating with each other to deliver a predetermined amount of stock in distinct stages to said wire as it advances over said suction device.
- a paper machine a pair of spaced rolls, a stationary suction device positioned therebetween, a forming wire trained around said rolls to travel over said suction device, a primary adjustable stock feeding device to deliver a predetermined amount of stock to the raw forming wire, a secondary stock feeding device to deliver a predetermined amount of stock to the partially formed web from said primary device and a third stock distributing device to aid in building up the web on said forming wire, all three stock distributing devices cooperating to produce a unitary web of paper.
- the process of forming a paper web which comprises delivering in distinct stages stock to the forming wire from a plurality. of ponds created over the forming wire as the forming wire advances under said ponds.
- the process of preparing a paper sheet which comprises delivering unloaded stock to a forming wire subject to suction from a pond created over the wire, superimposing loaded stock from another pond created over the wire upon the partially formed web of said unloaded stock, applying further suction to penetrate said loaded stock into said unloaded stock layer and maintaining said suction to remove the greater portion of the water from the stock on the forming wire.
- the method of forming fibrous web material which comprises depositing fibrous material in aqueous suspension from a quiescent pool onto a traveling foraminous surface subject to suction, a partial deposition of said fibrous material thereby occurring to form a matted fibrous web and delivering from a second quiescent pool at a successive point in the travel of said surface a further quantity of fibrous material in aqueous suspension over said matted fibrous web while still on said traveling foraminous surface and subject to suction.
- the method of forming fibrous web material which comprises delivering separately and successively from quiescent pools unloaded and loaded stock to a traveling foraminous surface subjected to continuous suction from the point of first delivery of said stock to the point at which most of the water has been removed from said stock.
- the process of preparing web material which comprises delivering stock to a traveling horizontal forming wire subject to suetion and building up said Web on said wire by successive simultaneous applications of stock thereto while continuously applying suction to said forming wire along its travel from the point of initial deposition of stock thereon until a coherent composite web is formed.
- the steps which comprise delivering a long fibered stock to the bar forming wire of a paper machine, advancing said wire, superimposing a short fibered stock upon the partially formed long fibered stock web, superimposing a layer of long fibered stock on said short fibered stock and continuously applying suctionto said forming wire along its travel from the point of initial deposition of stock thereon until a moist coherent web is formed, thereby forming a paper sheet composed of layers inseparately bonded together to form a unitary web.
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- Paper (AREA)
Description
Get. 4; 1932. E. E. BERRY 1,880,692 METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR MAKING .PAPER Filed June 27, 1931 I 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Oct. 4, 1932. E. BERRY 7 1,880,692 METHOD 0? ANDAPPARATUS FOR MAKING PAPER I Filed June 27, 19s1 2 Sheets-Sheet 2' Patented Oct. 4, 1932 UNITED STATES PA'rsrni fort- Ice EARL E. BERRY, OF BELOIT, WISCONSIN, ASSIGNOR '10 BELOIT IRON WORKS, OF BELOIT,
WISCONSIN, A. CORPORATION 011i WISCONSIN mn'rnon 01' AND nrrana'rus ron MAKING runn App1ication filed June 27, 1931. 1 Serial no. 547,214.
Thisinvention relates to a method of and apparatus for making fibrous web material. More particularly the invention relates to a method of and apparatus for making paper of a somewhat stratified character y'et unlike paper or board made on a multlple cylinder machine, of a unitary nature, incapable of separation into its constituent layers upon soaking in water.
It is common practice in maln'ng heavypaper or board on a multiple cylinder machine to use different stock finishes 1n the different cylinder vats in order to obtain desired charcteristics. in the finished product,
- state, as by passing in superimposed relation on a carrier felt between press rolls. Consequently, paper made on a multiple cylinder machine has a tendency to separate when moistened into its. constituent layers.-
It is also known to make multi-ply paper on Fourdrinier machines by the use of several forming wires but, aside from the greater expense of manufacture, such multi-ply paper is also subject to similar objections to those above referred to.
The present invention contemplates the manufacture of a somewhat Stratified yet unitary sheet of paper or like fibrous web material on a single Fourdrinier forming wire by the use of novel means and methods.
In my U. S. Letters Patent No. 1,833,351 entitled Paper making machine, filed July 15th, 1929 and granted November 24, 1931, I have described a novel type of paper making machine in which the paper stock upon its flow ontothe forming wire is immediately subjected to suction and a substantially continuous suction is applied to the forming wire until a moist coherent web has been formed. I have also described in milcopenm ing application entitled Paper ma 'ng machine, Serial No. v496,146, filed November 17th,.1930, a particular, advantageous type of stock distributing device foruse in a paper machine such as disclosedand claimed in my U. S. Patent No. 1,833,351 above referred to. In my copending application entitled f-Paper making machine,"Serial No. 505,355, filed December 29th, 1930, I have described and claimed a fiber crossing device to be used in combination with the forming part of a-paper machine and particularlyinconjunction with the type of paper making machine described in the two applications above referred to.
I have now developed improvements in connection with the type of paper machine disclosed in the applicationsreferred to and have also devised a novel process for the preparation of a paper web. The improvements on mynew paper machine comprise the use of a plurality of the aforesaid devices for effecting a more uniform and even distribution of stock onto the forming wire to prevent the formation of eddy currents and to insure awell formed sheet. The use on a m chine of only a single such device is described in my above referred to applications and by my present novel arrangement of duplicating or multiplying said devices on the machine, I am able, to produce in a simple, uniform, and single operation, sheet material containing two or more inseparable layers of materials comprising the sheet.
-This isaccomplished by allowing stock from the first distributing means to flow onto a portion of the forming wire which is im mediately subjected to suction to start the formation of the web on the wire. The partially formed web as it advances on the wire then passes under a second distributing means wherein paper stock of a difierent' composition, or of the same composition but treated in a different method, or fillers or finishing materials of any sort, such as clay,
blank fixe and the like is caused to be super-' imposed on the partially formed web to form thereon an inseparable layer. The web which now consists of two layers, thoroughly matted and bonded together, may next be passed under additional distributing means for the superpositioning thereon of additional and other layers. It is thus possible to build up a web containing as many layers as desirable and also containing finishing materials or other surfacing materials on the surface of the web which are so intermingledwith the paper stock in the web itself that a separation is impossible.
It is therefore an important object of this invention to prepare paper of a somewhat stratified character yet inseparable and unitary. It is a further important object of this invention to provide a machine for the preparation of paper built up of two or more layers, in which the stock as it flows into the machine is immediately subjected to the action of suction and wherein stock flow evening and distributing devices are employed to deliver the stock onto the forming wire in a nlilanner calculated to produce a well formed s eet.
Another important object of this invention is to devise a process forthe preparation of a paper sheet having a multiplicity of inseparable layers, which process is both economical, eflicient and simple in its operation.
In the preparation of a high grade book paper, for example, it is possible by my improved process to form a sheet, the two sides of which are formed from a high grade of pulp that will give a good finish and proper appearance to the sheet while the center of the sheet may be formed from a lower grade this way greatly reduce the cost of and consequently lower priced stock, and in production of the finished paper.
Furthermore, in the preparation of a high grade-book paper it is necessary that the paper be loaded with comparatively expensive clays and the like to lend the proper degree of opacity to the sheet, essential in mod-'- ern printing papers. In the paper machines now on the market a large percentage of the expensive clay passes through the forming. wire in suspension immediately after the paper stock containing clay commingled therein flows onto the wire. Since the clay is in a more finely comminuted state than the fibers and also heavier than the fibers, it tends to settle out and pass through the forming wire, thereby necessitating a very complete reuse of the'white water passing through the wire if losses of the expensive clay are to be minimized.
WVith the arrangement of this invention, as is more fully hereinafter described, it is possible to supply the first stock distributing device with unloaded long fibered stock and allow this to form a matted layer of fibers directly on the bare forming wire. This para second stock distributing device containing clay in the stock. The clay accordingly is held on the already partially formed web, the fibers of which serve as afilter to resist the passage of the clay through the wire. The practically continuous suction applied beneath the Wire carrying the stock or web, however, impregnates the partially formed Web with the clay applied thereto from the second stock distributing device and thereby gives the desired degree of opacity to the sheet and also aids in obtaining a good finish on the sheet.
' mon to the successive layers.
By the utilization of a multiplicity of stock distrlbuting devices in my novel paper machine I am also enabled to prepare a paper sheet in which the pliability of the finished sheet may be controlled to a nicety' by supplying the first and last stock distributing compartments with a comparatively long fibered sto'ck while supplying the center stock distributing compartment with a shorter fibered stock which not only acts as a filler for the long fibers but also results inthe formation of a more pliable sheet. This-is due to the fact that the weaker fibers are in the center of the sheet where the stresses are smallest 'when bending or crumpling of the finished sheet is eifected. 7
It is therefore a further object of this invention to provide a process wherein the pliability of apaper web may be readily controlled.
, Other and further objects of this invention will become apparent from the disclosures in the specification and the accompanying drawmgs. f
This invention (in a preferred form) is illustrated in the drawings and hereinafter more fully described.
On the drawings:
Figure 1 is a broken front side elevational view of the forming part of a paper machine embodying the principles of my invention and shown more or less diagrammatically.
Figure 2 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional view taken longitudinally of the forming part of the machine and transversely of the stock distributing devices.
Figure 3 is a fragmentary sectional view taken substantially along the line IIIIII of one of the stock distributing devices in Figure 2.
Figure 4 is a fragmentary sectional view taken substantially along the line IV IV of one of the stock .distributing'devices in Figure 2.
As shown on the drawings:
The reference numeral 10 indicates the supporting frame of a table structure, including side beams 11 mounted for lateral removal upon tracks 13' and 14. The specific structure for the removal of the table portionlO need not be described, since many forms of construction for this purpose are well known in the art. A forming wire 15, trained around a roll 16 at one end of the machine and a couch roll 17 at the other end of the table structure, cooperates with a suction device indicated as a whole by the reference numeral 18. A plurality of rolls, such as idling rollers 12, serve their usual function.
The suction device 18, which embodies the features shown in my prior copending application Serial No. 378,236 comprises astationary box like hollow member 20 preferably formed in a plurality of transversely divided sections, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27 and 28, each section forming a separate suction unit wherein the degree of suction may be individually controlled and varied to suit the operating condition. The stationary suction member 20 is supportedupon the'side beams 11 by means of brackets which are not shown.
An endless perforated cover, or belt, 32 is trained around the rolls 29 and 29a to pass over the open top of the suction member 20. One of said rolls 29 or 29a is adapted to be suitably driven (driving means are not shown) in a manner to cause the belt'32 to travel with the forming wire 15 at the same rate of speed.
Between the roll 29a and the couch roll 17 there is mounted on the side beams 11, a roll 33, preferably of the same diameter and size as the roll 29a. A wire34, of a coarser mesh than that of the forming wire 15,'is trained around the roll 33 and the roll 16 to cooperate with the traveling belt 32 in supporting the upper run of the forming wire 15 as it passes over the suction device 20. The lower run of the coarser wire 32-passes around a roll'35 and Joins the forming wire 15 as it passes around an idler roll 12 at the head end.
Each of the separate suction units 21 to 28 inclusive is connected bymeans of. a suction pipe 41 to a separator 42 having a lower barometric leg-43 extending into a well or tank 44 for receiving the water extracted from the stock and Web on the forming. wire 15. A
blower-fan 45 is suitably connected by means of a header pipe 46 and connections 47 to the upper ends of the separators- 42 to apply the desired degree of suction to the units 21' to 28 inclusive. A ump 48 may be used to return white water ivater containing paper stock) from the well or container 44' for further use in the process.
member .20 there are mounted a plurality of longitudinally extending troughs 49 (Figures 2, 3 and 4), which are adapted to be filled with water from a plurality of transversely extending pipes 51 (Figure 2) extending through the rear Wall of the suction member 20. Each of said pipes 51 is connected to a standpipe 52 (Figure 1) provided with an overflow pipe 54, whereby a sufficient head is created to cause the water in the troughs end wall of the troughs Within the suction member 20 to maintain the suction between the suction member 20 and the traveling belt or cover 32.
The forming structure of the paper machine thus far described is substantially that described and claimed in my U. S. Patent No. 1,833,351 referred to above,'containing inaddition, however, a description of a coarser wire 34 which is employed in the'present structure to support the forming wire and the corrugations of the traveling cover or belt 32 to prevent the closing up of openings in In the upper portion of the hollow suction the wire such as might take place if the wire "rested directly upon the corrugations of the traveling belt 32.
An additional-feature embodied in my present invention is the provision of a. plu-' 'rality of stock delivering -means indicated generally by the reference numeral 90. While I have shown three such stock delivery units,
91, 92 and 93, it is to be understood that any number greater than one may be used w thout departing from the principles embodied in my invention. Any unit not desired to be used maybe cut out of operation by'merely cutting off the feedsupply. Thus I may OP? crate units 91 and 92 alone or if desired, I may use only alternate umts.
-95 and 96 is equipped at each end with an annular supporting ring 97 best shown in Figures 3 and 4. The supporting rings 97 are mounted to rotate on rollers 98 and 99, said rollers being supported on a suitable frame structure.
The framestructure preferably comprises a pair of side walls 85 resting on and supported by side rails 86. An end wall 87 also secured to the side walls 85 and spaced at its lower edge above the forming wire 15 as at 88 (Fig. 2) extends transversely of the wire to serve as a retaining wall for a pond of paper stock 89 that is created above the forming wire.
The fourth retaining wall of compartment 91 is an adjustable slice 100 which separates compartment 91 from compartment 92. The slice 100 is supported also from the side walls 85 and is vertically adjustable by any suitable adjusting mechanism, such as shown at 101. Compartment 92 is defined by slicewalls 100 and 102 and by the side walls 85. Likewise compartment 93 is defined by slice walls 102 and 103 and side walls 85.
Paper stock of the same or different furnish is delivered through pipes 106, 107 and 108 into the interiors of the rotating cylinders 94, 95 and 96, respectively by means of connecting, transverse conduits or pipes 109, 110 and 111, respectively. For example, a process of making a pliable paper sheet as mentioned above may be effected by delivering through pipe 106 into conduit 109 a long fibered stock and through pipe 107 into conduit 110 a short fibered stock while a long fibered stock of the same variety as delivered into conduit 109 is supplied to conduit 111. A strong pliable sheet will thus be built up on the forming wire which has a short fibered filler and a long fibered outer layer.
The longitudinal slots 112, 113 and 114 and the spaced apertures, such as shown at 115, allow the escape of stock both upwardly and downwardly to prevent settling out and the accumulation of any stock within the conduits 109 to 111 inclusive. As shown in Figure 2,
' the stock fills the conduits 109, 110 and 111 and discharges through the longitudinal slots 112, 113 and 114 down over the sides of said ture or other means for delivering and distributing the stock into the rotating cylinder through one or both ends thereof.
The stock is confined at the ends of the rotating cylinders 94, 95 and 96 by end walls such as the partition 120 supported from the conduit 109 (Fig. 3). Escape of stock through the joints between the walls and the periphery of the cylinders 94,95 and 96 is prevented by suitable packing 121.
The stock delivery cylinders 94, 95 and 96 are of foraminous construction throughout their entire length intermediate the partition walls 120 and in their preferred embodiments comprise a cylinder having rows of small holes 122 closely arranged together and through which the stock flows into the ponds formed above the wire 15. These holes122 provide nozzle-like delivery orifices which serve to mix the fibers of the stock as it passes through and to break up bunches or collections of fiber if any should reach this point of the machine. the wire 15 in a condition of uniform distribution and with absence of any eddy currents. In connection with the rotating cylinders 94, 95 and 96 there is provided in the interior of each cylinder troughs 123, 124 and 125 containing suitable draining means shown at 132, 133 and 134. Directly above the cylinders 94 to 96 inclusive are mounted shower pipes 129, 130 and 131 to direct a stream of water downwardly against the outside of the foraminous cylinder to clean out the holes 122. The water is drained into the troughs 123, 124 and 125 and doctor bars 126, 127 and 128 secured to one end of the troughs are adapted to scrape against the inner surface of the rotating drums to cause any dirt or wateradhering thereto to flow down into the troughs.
.In addition to the rotating drums 94, 95 and 96 there are also provided further mechanisms for producing an even and uniform The stock thus flows onto.
or belt 146 from the drivi ig shaft of the motor 104.
Said bars 141 are provided with spaced.
transversely extending blades 147 which are spaced slightly above the forming wire 15 and when oscillated'by means of the driving means described above, including the eccentric 144, serve to keep the stock in gentle agitation to prevent uneven and too rapid settling out in the ponds formed above the forming wire 15.
It will be apparent fromthe foregoing description that assoon as the stock passes into the interiors of therotating foraminous drums 94: to 96, inclusive, it is subjected to a suction action acting through the traveling belt 32, coarse wire 34 and the forming wire 15 as it passes over the hollow suction member 20. The result is that an initial deposit of the fibers occurs before the stock passes out from the ponds formed in the compartments directly over the forming wire under the lower edges of the slices 100, 102and 103.
Due to the fact that there is no great velocity of flow'in the direction of the wire within the ponds, settling is effected under a relatively quiescent condition and due to the distributing and aiding action of the rotating foraminous drums 93'to 96, inclusive, and theagitating devices 140, the deposit of stock on the forming wire prior to its passage beyond the slice from one compartment to another and beyond the slice in the last compartmen results in initial matting or bonding ofthe fibers. general direction but are pointing in all directions, this initial web forming step is closely similar to what occurs in the formation of hand made sheets. This obviously makes for the formation of a stronger and better sheet of paper.
Until the formingwire 15 passes beyond the couch roll end of the suction device 20, the stock on the wire is subjected tocontinuwater from the stock is rapid and continuous. The degree of suction to which the stock is subjected may be varied due to the provision scribed,paper having novel and improved 7 characteristics can readily be made. More especially is such a machine adapted for the manufacture of paper having a somewhat Stratified or composite character yet remaining also essentially unitary in nature and thus diifering from multi-ply paper made on a multiple cylinder machine.
. While characteristically adapted for use in the manufacture of paper of the composite nature above described, the machine of my Because the fibers have no common departing from the principles of this invention, and I, therefore, do not purpose limiting the patent granted hereon otherwise than necessitated by the prior art.
I claim as my invention:
1. In a paper machine, a forming wire, a suction device associated therewith and a plurality of revolving reticular drumsmounted over the wire and suction device and cooperating with each other to feed the stock onto said wire. l
2. In a paper machine, a forming wire, a suction device associated therewith, a plurality of meansforming several ponds over a portion of the wiresubject to the action of said suction device and a revolving reticular drum mounted in each pond through which the stock flows onto said wire.
3. In a paper machine, a stationary suction device, a forming wire traveling thereover, means including more than one slice defining over said wire a plurality of enclosed spaces, a perforated drum 'mounted transversely of said wire within each of said enclosed spaces and means for introducing stock into each of said drums to flow through the perforations thereof onto said wire.
4. In 'a' paper machine, a' pair of spaced rolls, a stationary suction device positioned therebetween, a forming wire trained around said rolls to travel over said suction device, members including a plurality of slices dea stock distributing means mounted within ous suction action, so that the removal of leach of sald ponds 5. In a paper machine, a plurality of spaced parallel rolls, an endless forming wire trained therearound, a stationary suction device operatively associated with the greater portion of the upper run of the wire, walls including a plurality of slices defining a plurality of ponds for stock above a-portion of said wire subjected to suction and means within said walls for uniformly distributing stock to eachof said ponds and maintaining a head of stock ahead of each slice.
6. In a paper machine, a plurality of spaced parallel rolls, an outer forming wire traveling thereover' and trained therearound, a sectional hollow suction member positioned within the loop of the forming wire, an ends less perforated belt operatively .associated with said suction member through which suct1on is applied to the forming wire, a relatively coarse wire traveling with and between said belt and forming wire over the surface of said hollow suction member, walls including a plurality of slices defining a plurality of ponds for stock over a portion of the forming wire subjected to suction and a rotating flow evener and stock mixing cylinder in the path of the stock flowing to each of said ponds.
7. In a paper machine, a pair of spaced rolls, a stationary suction device positioned therebetween, a forming wire trained around said rolls to travel over said suction device and a series of adjustable stock feeding devices cooperating with each other to deliver a predetermined amount of stock in distinct stages to said wire as it advances over said suction device.
' 8. In a paper machine, a pair of spaced rolls, a stationary suction device positioned therebetween, a forming wire trained around said rolls to travel over said suction device, a primary adjustable stock feeding device to deliver a predetermined amount of stock to the raw forming wire, a secondary stock feeding device to deliver a predetermined amount of stock to the partially formed web from said primary device and a third stock distributing device to aid in building up the web on said forming wire, all three stock distributing devices cooperating to produce a unitary web of paper.
9. The process of forming a paper web which comprises delivering in distinct stages stock to the forming wire from a plurality. of ponds created over the forming wire as the forming wire advances under said ponds.
10. The process of preparing a paper sheet, which comprises delivering stock to the forming Wire of a paper machine from a pond created over said forming wire, superimposing additional stoek from separate ponds created over the forming wire as saidwire advances and thereby building up a paper sheet composed of inseparable layers.
11. The process of forming a paper sheet composed of inseparable layers, which comprises advancing the forming wire of a paper machine under a plurality of stock distributing devices to superimpose successive layers of stock upon the forming wire and continuously applying suction to said forming wire and stock thereon to remove the greater.
portion of the water therefrom.
12. The process of preparing a paper sheet which comprises delivering unloaded stock to a forming wire subject to suction from a pond created over the wire, superimposing loaded stock from another pond created over the wire upon the partially formed web of said unloaded stock, applying further suction to penetrate said loaded stock into said unloaded stock layer and maintaining said suction to remove the greater portion of the water from the stock on the forming wire.
13. The method of forming fibrous web material, which comprises depositing fibrous material in aqueous suspension from a quiescent pool onto a traveling foraminous surface subject to suction, a partial deposition of said fibrous material thereby occurring to form a matted fibrous web and delivering from a second quiescent pool at a successive point in the travel of said surface a further quantity of fibrous material in aqueous suspension over said matted fibrous web while still on said traveling foraminous surface and subject to suction.
14. The method of forming fibrous web material, which comprises delivering separately and successively from quiescent pools unloaded and loaded stock to a traveling foraminous surface subjected to continuous suction from the point of first delivery of said stock to the point at which most of the water has been removed from said stock.
15. The process of preparing web material which comprises delivering stock to a traveling horizontal forming wire subject to suetion and building up said Web on said wire by successive simultaneous applications of stock thereto while continuously applying suction to said forming wire along its travel from the point of initial deposition of stock thereon until a coherent composite web is formed.
16. In the process of preparing a paper sheet, the steps which comprise delivering a long fibered stock to the bar forming wire of a paper machine, advancing said wire, superimposing a short fibered stock upon the partially formed long fibered stock web, superimposing a layer of long fibered stock on said short fibered stock and continuously applying suctionto said forming wire along its travel from the point of initial deposition of stock thereon until a moist coherent web is formed, thereby forming a paper sheet composed of layers inseparately bonded together to form a unitary web.
17. In the process of preparing a paper sheet, the steps of delivering stock to the forming wire of a paper machine, building up. a paper web by further application of stock to the wire at spaced points along its length and continuously applying suction to said wire along its travel from the point of initial deposition of stock thereon until a moist composite web is formed.
In testimony whereof I have hereunto subscribed my name at Beloit, Rock County,
Wisconsin.
EARL E. BERRY.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US547214A US1880692A (en) | 1931-06-27 | 1931-06-27 | Method of and apparatus for making paper |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US547214A US1880692A (en) | 1931-06-27 | 1931-06-27 | Method of and apparatus for making paper |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US1880692A true US1880692A (en) | 1932-10-04 |
Family
ID=24183781
Family Applications (1)
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US547214A Expired - Lifetime US1880692A (en) | 1931-06-27 | 1931-06-27 | Method of and apparatus for making paper |
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Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2422345A (en) * | 1940-08-02 | 1947-06-17 | Carey Philip Mfg Co | Manufacture of hydraulic cement products |
US2422344A (en) * | 1940-08-02 | 1947-06-17 | Carey Philip Mfg Co | Manufacture of hydraulic cement products |
US3330723A (en) * | 1964-08-31 | 1967-07-11 | Voith Gmbh J M | Process and apparatus for the production of fibrous webs, especially for making paper or cardboard |
US3791917A (en) * | 1973-03-07 | 1974-02-12 | Bird Machine Co | Process for producing kraft paper laminate of top stock and base stock layers |
AT386426B (en) * | 1986-06-20 | 1988-08-25 | Albert Hans | Flowbox for paper making machines |
US4781793A (en) * | 1986-07-04 | 1988-11-01 | Valmet Oy | Method for improving paper properties in multiply paper using long and short fiber layers |
-
1931
- 1931-06-27 US US547214A patent/US1880692A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2422345A (en) * | 1940-08-02 | 1947-06-17 | Carey Philip Mfg Co | Manufacture of hydraulic cement products |
US2422344A (en) * | 1940-08-02 | 1947-06-17 | Carey Philip Mfg Co | Manufacture of hydraulic cement products |
US3330723A (en) * | 1964-08-31 | 1967-07-11 | Voith Gmbh J M | Process and apparatus for the production of fibrous webs, especially for making paper or cardboard |
US3791917A (en) * | 1973-03-07 | 1974-02-12 | Bird Machine Co | Process for producing kraft paper laminate of top stock and base stock layers |
AT386426B (en) * | 1986-06-20 | 1988-08-25 | Albert Hans | Flowbox for paper making machines |
US4781793A (en) * | 1986-07-04 | 1988-11-01 | Valmet Oy | Method for improving paper properties in multiply paper using long and short fiber layers |
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