USRE2018E - Improvement in looms - Google Patents

Description

f either to Ythe right or to the left.

' eording to the UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE..

CHRISTOPHER. DUCKWORTH, 0F MOUNT CARMEL, CONECTICUT.

llVlPRQVEMENT IN LOOMS.

Speeiication fonning part of Letters Patent No. 9,815, dated June 28, 1553; Reissue No. 2,018, dated July 4, 1865. n

invented certain new and -nsefnl Improvements on Power-Looms forVVeaving Figured Fabrics; and I do. hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and Vexact description of that part of my invention which re-` lates to Division No. 1, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, makinga part of this specification, in which- Figure 1, Sheet 1, is a front elevation of those parts of a power-loom to which my invention relates. Fig. 2, Sheet 1, is a horizontal section through Fig. 1,- taken immediately beneath the race-beam. Figs. 3, 4, 5,6, and 7 arevviews in detail of the devices which take part in eil'ecting the changes of position of the shuttle-boxes. Fig. 8, Sheet 2, is a longitudinal section through the center of the loom,- with the beveled spur-wheel omitted. Fig-9, Sheet 2, is a similar section showing the same parts in different positions. Fig. 10, Sheet 2,

-is ya top view of the levers which give a horizontal lateral movement to the shuttle-boxes, either backward or forward.- Fig. 11, Sheet 2, is aY perspective view showing the pawls, ratchet-wheels, and spurred gearing 4which move the tappcts about their common center, Figs. 12, 13, 14, and v15 show the changes of position of a four-celled shuttle-box.

Similar vletters of reference indicate like parts in the several figures.

M y invention relates particularly to looms for weavin g figured fabrics wherein more than two colors are required in the weft, and wherein it is necessary to employ a number of sh'uttlcs corresponding to the number of colors used and to change the positions of 111e shuttlc-boxes with respect to the race-beam, ac-

{ignre which it is desiredto weave.

The object -of myinvention is to provide Y for throwing shuttles from a combination of shuttle boxes or. cells, both in regular or irregular order, so that a great variety of combinations can be made with but few colors and few shuttles carrying such colors.

DIVISION N o. 1.

In looms hitherto constructed having a num ber of shuttle-boxes corresponding to the ing a repetition of a certain number of colors previously used, there is no provision made to pass by or skip a box which is next that from which the last shuttle was thrown. Thus, while different colors can be repeated in regnlar succession or regular order ot' arrangement any number of timer. by giving the boxes an alternate movement, such movement will not admit of the taking of any desired color at will, as the operation of the machine is limited to the taking of only such colors as range in regular succession. If, for example, the color red was thrown, and it was desired to succeed it with white, unless the latter color was in the box next the red it could not be thrown until the color inthe intermediate box or boxes was thrown hence with such vlooms it is necessary to employ a great number ot' shuttles' to weave a simple figure of but few colors.

To enable others skilled in the art to underlstaud my invention, I will describe its oo nstruction and operation. r Y

The frame A, the breast-beam B, the lathe C, and the picker-staves D D may be constructed in anyv of the well-known ways used in power-looms. The shuttle-boxes E and F are subdivided by partitions, so as to form a number of cells, a a a a, for containing the shuttles, and these boxes are so arranged that they are susceptible o f receiving a lateral, a vertical, and a diagonal movement when neccessary to bring the required shuttle tothe position to be acted upon by the picker-staves D D, which latter give an alternate reciprof eating motion to their respective bolts or rods,

which are inclosd within the horizontal tubes.

c c. I .Y

The shuttle-boxes E Flare supported upon vupright standards d'd, Figs. 1 and 2, wlzirh standards are acted upon by means of pins projecting from the extremities of a curved rockinglever, G. This lever G is secured at ported in a free bearing at its upper end, (ati tache'd to the race-beam of the' lathe,) while `its lower end is movable laterally in a slotted plate, e, and 'is pressed toward the left by l thespiral spring so as to cause the lever G to bear in thel center of the notches in the slides h, and rest on the friction-rollers it and j j contained in the circular ease, J. 4 This ease J, with itsfriction-roll'ers, is revolved or oscillated, when necessary, by the bevel gearwheels Kg, Figs. 2, 8, and 11, the wheels being worked by the `dogs or pawls L L and ratchet wheels R S, Figs. 8 and 11, by the vibratoryJ I motion ot' the lathe C, to which latter the case 'J', wheels K and g, and the ratchet-wheels are all attached.

The two pawls L L may 4for some purposes be worked by a cam, as shown'at t, Figs. 8, 9, and 11, which cam will raise the pawl L from the ratchet-wheel R, which, by means of the spiral spring'u, will lift the pawl Ll against the ratchet-wheel S' so as 'to 4 move the casev J about its axis iny one direction, contrary to that in which it is moved when-the pawl`L is allowed to act upon the ratchet-wheel R; but instead of using a single cam, t, to act upon fthepawls L L', I shall in most, it' not all cases, employ av pattern-card -or card-pattern? -for moving and controlling the movements of said pawls.

The case J carries four frictionrollers, t' t j j, the forms of which are particularly shown in Figs. 6 and 7, sheet 1. `The object of malring these portions of' a circular form and allowing them toturn freely, is'merely to avoid friction and wear when their surfaces are caused to act upon the lever G. The case J., is also furnished with four notched slides, h, the notches of which guide the lever Glatcrally as it falls into them. These slides hare moved from one side to the other of the center ot' the case J by means ot two levers, M and N, when either one of theselevers'is depressed so that its beveled edge comes in con tact with projecting portions lof these slides. (Shown in Figs. 3 and 5.) The slides hy have sufficient end play to carry the lever G from one side to the other of the central prominences of the tappets or friction. rollers t' i j j, and thereby cause this lever to give the lateral motions to the shuttle-boxes as the levers M and N are alternately depressed. rllhe friction-rollers i jj are used for giving a vertical up -and'down movement to the shuttle-boxes of a greater or less stroke,

. according vto the diameter of these rollers and the distance of their outer edges from the axis of the shaft J', and the slides h li are used for giving a lateral or horizontal move ment to the shuttle-boxes; both devices operate as tappets upon the lever G, which carries on its extremities the shuttle-boxes.

=` The levers M land N are pivoted to abracket, which -is secured to the left-handswordof the lathe, and these levers are connected together by ashort lever, l, which rocks on a fulcrurn, m, so that when one lever is depressed the other will be elevated. The lever N is elevated by the recoil of the spiral spring a, the upper end of which is attached to the under side of the racebeam of the lathe C, and the lower end to the lever N, as seen in Fig. 1 'and this lever is depressed by the action of the cam O on the lever l by meansvof the connecting-rod Q, and by the operation'of the lever Mis depressed, and vice versa, so far as rockingdever L; when lever N is elevated the the cam Q is concerned in the operation while working' alone. This cam O may be shifted or adjusted toany desired position so as to operate the levers M and N, as required, to the extent to which a single cam can be used but I prefer to control the operation of thelevers M and N by means of a card-pattern insteat of a singl cam surface, as shown.

When a card-pattern is employed, the cam 0 iS dispensed with, and the operation of the levers governed wholly by the pattern, the operation of the Arocking-lever l being to prcvent both levers M N from being depressed simultaneously, while the operation governed by the pattern may be to hold upeither one of the levers for any desired length of time.

0n the arbor 'of wheel K, I key two ratchetwheels, R. and S, for vthe purpose of revolving this wheel K either'wa-y, by means of the vibratory motion given to the lathe C, and the stationary pawls L' L, acting alternately upon their respective ratchet wheel, as representedinFigs. 8 and 9, Sheet 2. ,lliepawls L L are pivoted .at their rear ends, so as toallow their forward ends freedom to be vibrated by the cam t or a cardpattern mechanism. Either one of these pawls may be raised'or depressed, or both may be disengaged from the y'ratchet-wheels when not needed by any of the common methods used in looms to di! rect the form of the ligure to be woven, though they must be governed by a card pattern 4 either directly or indirectly.

The power for working the lathe C may bc applied in any of the wcl'llknown ways, so as to revolve the main/shaft, which latter comf muni'cates a rotary motion to the shaft carrying the cam ,0 through the medium of spurred gearing, which 1 have not represented in the. drawings.

When power is applied to the main drivingshaft, the lathe U receives a vibrato-ry motion for beating up the woofor filling. This vibrator f motion of the lathe causes the ratchetwheels R S to be revolved by the pawl Lv in the direction indicated by the arrow in Fig.

8. and to carry with it the bevel spur-wheelv K, which, by means of the pinion 4gon .the

shaft J', revolves or moves t-he case J toward the right bya repeated movement; and when the other pawl, L,is brought into action, as in Fig. 9, Sheet 2, the motion ofthe lathe U causes the ratchet-wheel S to revolve in the directionfindicated by the Iarrows on this wheel in Fig. 9,aud carries with it the wheel K,which,'by means of pinion g, moves the 2,o1a y l 3 case J over toward' the-left by av repeated .-inovement, so as to bring the notched slides 7 and friction-rollers ii jj alternately or successively under the lever G, to guide it and to rock it, so as to alternately'depress and elcvate the shuttle-boxes E F, or togve them a vertical motion. While this takes place the shaft of cam t) will be revolved, and this cam will be caused to depress the lever P once in every revolution, and by means of the con necting-rod-Q depress the lever N so that its beveled edge will force the notched slides l outward, and thus guide the lever Groutside of the promnences on the rollers or tappets i i j j, and thus-,give the lateral movement ,to the shuttle-b6xes, carrying the box E backward and bringing the box F forward. When the shortest sidelof the cam 0 is downward the spiral spring n, Fig. 1, will raise thelever N above 'the ends of `the slides h, and by the operation of the transverse lever lthe lever M will be 'correspondingly depressed unless sustained by the governing etfect of acard-pattern, so that its beveled edge will come into contact with the beveled edges or ends of the notched slides h and force these slides back, and thereby guide the lever G to the back side of the central prominences 0n the frictionrollers or tappets i j, and cause this lever to carry the shuttle-box F backward and bring box E forward, thus giving a lateral movement. to the shuttleboxes,opposite to that before described. Y

lVhen thechange in the slide to give the lateral or horizontal movement to-the boxes coincides with a cllange iu thefrictiomrollers or tappcts-as from the large rolling-tappet i to the small rollin g-tappet j, or vice versa, to give the vertical movements--the vertical and lateral movements occurring simultaneously,

will produce the diagonal motion, as from corner to corner of the shuttle-boxes, as indicated by the red lines, Fig. 15.

'lhe -slides h and rollers or rolling-tappets i i j j, when the levers N M and pawls L L' are properly controlled in their movements, will cause the lever G to produce every change of position o f theshuttle! boxes required to weave Y the desired ligure. The case J may remain at rest during any number ot' throws of either one of the shuttles; and this case may be rotated forward or backward, as one or the other ot the pawls L L and ratchetwheels R S are used, and when the pawl L and the ratchet-' wheel S are used the inclined surface 17, Fig. 11, willo perate the notched slides h. When [employ a -card-pattern, I connect it with the pawls L L' and the levers M N by any of the well-known means now in use for similar purposes, according to the construction of the loom.`

The picker-staves D D may be operated in any ot' the well-known ways-as, for instance,

' by b ands or straps attached at p p and carried over the pulleys q q, Fig. 1, and worked by a. treadle or any other convenient way.

. The loom may be stopped whgn the shuttles are not thrown home into the 'boxes bythe lip or projection r, Fig. 1, which is thrown by a. spring in the usual manner, coming in contact Vwith the breastbeam B; and when the shuttle is thrown home intothe boxes the inclined planes srs, acting on the bent ends'of the protecting-rod t', willpress the lip v down, so that it will pass under the breastbeam B and allow the lathe to'work freely.

The rollers i1' and jj, and also the notched slides h h, all operate as tappets upon theL lever G to oscillatc this lever either vertically, or horizontally, or diagonally. 1t is important in the operation of these tappets to be able to rotate the case J either lto the right or to the left, and this movement may be oscillatory-. e., the case J sometimes moving the distance of one, two, or three of the tappets, and then returning again to the position from which it started or to any intermediate tappet; and then again, the case J may make a complete revolution. are disengaged from their ratchet-wheels R S, the tappet-case J will cease to rotate or oscillate, and of course the shuttle-boxes will not be moved from theposition in which the pawls left them.

It'will be seen .from the above description that the success of my invention depends g chiey upon the intermittent motion and the reversal of the motion of Vthe tappet-case- J, which operation is .brought about by the movements given to the pawls L L' by means of the card-pattern I do not desire to confine my invention to the use of a single form-of pattern-surface for weaving only a single iigure.- The object of the invention is to so contrive a loom that a great variety of figures can be produced at the same time, or at 'ditferent times, by providing for throwing any one of the shuttles at will, whether it'be next the case from which the last shuttle was thrown or from any other cell in the combination.

While I am enabled by my invention to throw the shuttles from their boxes in regular order, I am also enabled to skip over a cell or shuttle, and to throw the shuttle from the cell which is second from that from which the last shuttle was thrown.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1,. A power-loom which is provided `with many-celled shuttle-boxes, the movements ot' which are automatically controlled in such Y manner that the cells of the boxes can be skipped over and any desired shuttle thrown from any box in the combination, according to the character or figure 'to be woven, snbstan tially as described.'

When both pawls L L'- 2. Providing v for operating Inany-oelied tern or patterns, in combination with manyshuttleboxes so as `to bring any desired shutohnmbered shuttle-boxes, snbsta-ntiuiiyas detle into action,V by means of pawls, ratohets, scribed.

and reversible tappets in combination with 'i v ,T pattern-surfaces which 7will oontroi the iigure ("HRT STOI HEP DUUR ORTH to be Woven, substantially as described. Y l `NVitnfsos:

3. The use of tappets which receive both a. lR. T. CAMPBELL,'

rotary and an oscillatory motion from a pat- E. SCHAFER.

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