USRE19055E

USRE19055E - Refrigerating system

Info

Publication number: USRE19055E
Authority: US
Publication date: 1934-01-16

Description

Jan. 16, 1934. L 'Q COPEMAN j Re. 19,055

` I REFRIGERATIG SYSTEM Original Filed March 27, 1951 2 Slleets--SheefI l I Mmmm INVENTOR. 1,0m G. COPE/7m.

BY/mw Y A TTORNEYS Jan. 16, 1934.

'| G. oPEMAN REFRIGERATING SYSTEM Original Filed March 27, 1931 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 'as 21 2z 30 INVENTKOR BY L L. 0 Y0 G. C OPE/wmv.

HAM/@YM ATTORNEYS Reissued 16, 1934 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE:A

, nEFRIGERATmG SYSTEM original Nn. 1,840,619, dated January 12, 1932, Serial No. 525,786, March 27, 1931. Application for reissue August 2, 1933.

22 Claims.

This invention relates to a refrigerating system,

and particularly to a novel method and apparatus for utilizing solidified C: or similar substances as a refrigerating medium and source of power.

This application is a continuation in part of my Patent No. 1,840,702. issued January 12, 1932.

The present invention is an improvement over that disclosed in my prior patent in that it relates .more particularly to the cooling of a relatively large body of brine and the manner in which this brine is circulated to obtain a. more efficient refrigeration thereby. More specifically the present invention resides in using a surplus of evaporated CO: gas over that required to effect circulation of the refrigerating medium. In other words, the gist of the present invention resides in greater and more eiiicient circulation which directly results in a more eilicient transferof heat units and the obtaining of a regulable but extremely cold body of refrigerating medium surrounding or forming a part of the cooling unit.

Other features reside in the particular form of agitating means for the relatively large body of brine which may be maintained at relatively low temperatures by the system, and the manner in which circulation of the refrigerating medium is obtained together with the novel use of practically all the CO1 gas evaporated from the solid body of CO2.

In the drawings: Fig. 1 is a vertical sectional view of one form of refrigerating unit embodying the present invention.

Fig. 2 is an yenlarged fragmentary view of a portion of one form of pump which may be utilized for circulating the refrigerant.

Fig. 3 is a vertical sectional view of a modified form of refrigerating unit embodying the present invention.

Fig. 4 is an enlarged fragmentary view o f a portion of one of the pump units utilized for circulating the refrigerant in a unit such as shown in Fig. 3.

One of the important features of the present invention resides in the novel combination of the refrigerant producing means or what might be termed broadly the refrigerating unit in combination with the cooling unit, together with the simplicity and design of this refrigerating unit itself.

In Fig. 1 I have shown what might be termed broadly a refrigerating system embodying a dipping tank. The refrigerating unit itself is preferably compact an'd unitary and may be;broadly designated 1.., 'Ihis unit may consist of the usual Serial No. 683,396

container 4 may, if desired, be perforated so that 60 y the brine may circulate directly around the solid CO2, but I prefer to have this container 4 imperforate and surrounded with a brine container 5.

A substantially constant body of brine is adapted to be maintained within this container 5 and of course, is in direct heat conducting relation with the CO2 container 4. The body of brine in the container 5 may be conducted to and have a refrigerating effect upon the body of brine 6 in 70 the dipping tank by means of a. coil 7 which encircles the tank 3 and is positioned in heat conducting relation thereto. This coil 7 terminates in one or more conduits 8 which preferably extend vertically up through the body of brine in the tank 5.

A conduit 9 is adapted to conduct the evaporated CO2 gas and direct the same into the coil or coils 8 in a manner which is more clearly illustrated in Fig. 2. This conduit 9 `may have a 30 series of laterally extending apertures 10 therein for the discharge of the CO2 gases into the brine within the conduit 8. It will be obvious that these gases may be discharged into the refrigerant within the conduit 8 in various different 85 ways but the effect is to cause positive' circulation of the refrigerant by the injection of the CO2 gases. The refrigerant within the conduit fwill be made to positively rise and be discharged out the top of the conduit as at 11 and replenish the 9 supply of brine within the container 5. This positive circulation will, of course, cause the cold brine surrounding the CO2 container 4 to pass into the conduit 7 and continue its circulation around the coils. A suitable valve 12 is posi- 95 tioned in the conduit 9 so as to control the iiow of evaporated CO2 into the'conduit 8 and thus control the circulation 'of refrigerant `through said conduit 8 and through the entire'. system. This valve 12 may be connected to any suit- 100 able thermostat (not shown) as will be understood by those skilled in the art, whereby. the flow of C02 and circulation of brine may be automatically accelerated or retarded in case a predetermined temperature is desired within the dipping tank. Y

It will be obvious here that as circulation of the brine or other refrigerating medium through the coils is retarded that the temperature of the brine within the container 5 will valso rise thus 11 C02 with the result that as the thermostat or other unit causes reopening of the valve immediate and eihcient cooling of the brine, as it cireulates around the container 4, is obtained.

The surplus evaporated gas overth'at required the dipping tank. The passage of this surplusV C0: through the brine will not only assist in cooling and agitating the same, but the escaping CO2 from the dipping tank will be beneficial in the.

preserving of meats and the like which might be stored in positions adjacent the cooling unit.

The circulating coils 7 are preferably embedded in the mam of plastically applied stone or` other material 14 having relatively good holdover and conductive properties. This stone also preferably surrounds the container 5 although I prefer to provide a lining of insulating material immediately around the container 5 whereby the relatively low temperature within the container 5 may-be maintained independently of the temperature within the dipping tank. It will be obvious 'that this stone or similar material will provide a very eiective hold-over for the dipping tank and thus materially reduce the evaporation of the solid -CO to maintain the required temperatures and also hold the dipping tank to a relatively low temperature inf case the supply of solid CO: should be temporarily exhausted.

In the modication illustrated in Fig. 3, I preferably utilize a tank similar to that shown in Fig. 1 and broadly designated 20. This tank may be suitably insulated as at 21 and also provided with a lining 22 of stone or similar material having good hold-over and conductive properties. In the case of this particular modification the container 23 for holding the char'ge of solidified CO: is\preferably immersed directly in the refrigerating medium forming a part of the dipping tank or similar refrigerating unit.

The top of this container 23 is, of course, sealed by means of the cover 24 and this cover may be provided with a suitable relief valve 25. An enlarged conduit 26 surrounds the lower end of the container 23 and the lower end of this conduit 26 terminates in one or more entrances 2'? which f form the mouth of the circulating conduit or conduits 28.

A conduit 29 may be provided for conducting the evaporated CO: from. the container 23 through the circulating conduit or conduits 28 and a suitable valve 30 may be provided for this conduit 29 whereby to control the ow of gas through the conduit 29. It will be understood that this valve 30 may be connected to any suitable thermostat or other control means (not shown) whereby the valve may be opened or closed to accelerate or retard the flow of gas through the conduit 29 in accordance with the temperature oi the dipping tank or other refrigerating unit.

I preferably utilize a plurality of conduits 28 and these conduits also preferably extend along the bottom of the dipping tank 31 and then substantially vertically as at 32 so-that the ends of the conduits 28 discharge at the top and far side of the tank relative to the container 23. It will be understood that the discharging portions 32 of the conduit 28 may be exactly vertical as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 3 or slightly inclined as shown in solid lines in Fig. 3. The important point here, however, is the fact that such diswherebythe circulating brine or other refrigerating medium is easily circulated and discharged without the necessity of passing through numerous bends and the like.

The end of v'-.th`e1conduit' 29 preferably. terminates within the Ivertical-portionV 32 ofthe convduits 2.8 and such end of the conduit 29 may be provided with a plurality of apertures '33 for the discharge of the evaporated CO2 gas into the brine to cause positive circulation thereof.`

By using a relatively large number of circulating conduits 28 and a relatively large supply of evaporated CO2 gas, it will be obvious that the refrigerant or brine 31 will be drawn downwardly around the container 23 and into the enlarged mouth 26. Direct conductivity between the contents of the container 23 and the ysurrounding brine is thus obtained and as this device causes positive and rapid circulation of the brine it will be seen that a rapid vheat transfer is obtained by the brine wiping the surfaces of the container 23. This cool brine is pushed or drawn through the circulating conduits 28 and discharged at the top of the tank to be again circulated. The tempercharging portions 32 are substantially vertical ature of the brine within the dipping tank 31 may thus be reduced to anl extremely low point in accordance with the amount of circulation allowed by the valve 30. It will thus be seen that where such a tank is used almost continuously for the dipping and freezing of foodstuls that a relatively low and predetermined temperature may be maintained at all times.

It will be understood that in the structure shown in Fig. 3 the relief valve 25 may be utilized and set to discharge any surplus CO2 over that required for maximum circulation, and particularly where athe valve 30 is to be closed a considerable amount to temporarily retard circulation.

What I claim is:

1. A refrigerating system, comprising a tank holding a relatively large'supply of refrigerating medium, a container for receiving a charge of solid C02 positioned adjacent said tank and forming a part of the refrigerating unit, a body of brine constantly surrounding said CO: container, a conduit forconducting the evaporated CO2 from said solid CO2 container into said large body of brine to cause agitation thereof, and a mass of material surrounding said large body of brine and said brine around said CO2 container, said material having relatively good hold-over and conductive properties.

2. A refrigerating system, comprising a container for receiving a relatively large body of brine, an enclosed container for receiving a body of solid CO2, a brine container surrounding said CO2 container, a circulating means connected with said last named body of brine and surrounding said large body of brine and in heat conducting relation therewith, said circulating means terminating within said second named body of brine, means for conducting evaporated CO2 into said circulating means to cause positive circulation of the brine therethrough, and a body of stone embedding saidcirculating means and surrounding said two bodies of brine. v

3. A refrigerating system comprising, a container for receiving a relatively large body oi' brine, an enclosed container for receiving a body of solid CO2, a brine container surrounding said CO: container, a circulating means connected with said last named body of brine and surrounding said large 'body of brine and in heat container for receiving a relatively large body of terminating within said second named body of brine, means for conducting evaporated CO2 into said circulating means to cause positive circulation of the brine therethrough, and means for conducting surplus CO2 gas into said large body of brine to cause agitation thereof.

4. A refrigerating system comprising, a conbrine, an enclosed container for receiving a body of solid CO2 a brine container surrounding said CO2 container, a circulating means connected with said last named body of` brine and surrounding said large body of brine and in heat conducting relation therewith, said circulating means terminating within said second named body of brine, means for conducting evaporated CO2 into said circulating means to cause positive circulation of the brine therethrough, means for conducting surplus CO2 ga's into said large body of brine to cause agitation thereof and means for controlling the flow of said CO2 gas into said circulating means to regulate the 110W of brine therethrough.

5. A refrigerating system comprising a tank containing a supply of a refrigerating medium, a containers adapted to receive a solid body of CO2 immersed within the refrigerating medium Within said tank, circulating means adapted to conduct the refrigerating medium around the bottom of said CO2 container and then upwardly towards the top ofthe main body of refrigerant,

and means for discharging the evaporated C02 gas from said CO2 container into said circulating means to cause positive circulation of the `refrigerating medium therethrough.

6. A refrigerating system comprising a tank containing a supply of a refrigerating medium, a

^ container adapted to receive a solid body of CO2 immersed within the refrigerating medium Within said tank, circulating means adapted to conduct the refrigerating medium around the bottom of said CO2 container and then upwardly towards the top of the main body of refrigerant, means' for discharging kthe evaporated CO2 gas from said CO2 container into said vcirculating means to cause positive circulation of the refrigerating medium therethrough, and means for controlling the discharge of lCO2 gas into said circulating means to control the circulation of the refrigerating medium in said tank.

7. A refrigerating system comprising, a re,-

frigerating unit holding a body of refrigerating medium, a container for receiving a charge of solidified CO2 immersed therein, circulating means surrounding the bottom part of said container and terminating in one or more circulating conduits running along the bottom of said main container and terminating in one or more substantially vertical dischargeconduits, and means a for discharging. evaporated CO2 from said CO2 container into said circulating conduit or conduits for causing positive circulating of refrigerating medium downwardly around the CO2 container and then upwardly towards the tori` of the main container.

8. A refrigerating system comprising a refrigerating unit holding a body of refrigerating medium, a container for, receiving a charge of solidified CO: immersed therein, circulating means surrounding the bottom part of said con-v tainer and terminating in a plurality of circulating conduits running along the bottom of said main container and terminating in a,pl urality of substantially vertical discharge conduits, and

means for discharging evaporated CO: from said CO2 container into said circulating conduit or conduits forv causing positive circulation of refrigerating medium downwardly around the CO1 container and then upwardly towards the top of the main container.

9. A refrigerating system comprising a main container for receiving a body of refrigerating medium, a container for receiving solid CO2 immersed directly therein, a circulating conduit partially surrounding said CO2 container and terminating in one or more circulating conduits having a substantially vertical discharge portion,

and gas conducting means connected with said CO2 container and passing along the inside o f the Said circulating conduit or conduits and terminating in said vertical discharge portion whereby to discharge gas into said circulating conduits at such vertical portions.

10. A refrigerating systemcomprising a main container for receiving a body of refrigerating medium, a container for receiving solid CO2 immersed directly therein, a circulating conduit partially surrounding said CO1 container and terminating in one or more circulating conduits having a substantially vertical discharge portion, gas conducting means connected with said CO2 container and passing along'the inside of the said circulating conduit or conduits and terminating in said vertical discharge portion whereby to discharge gas into said circulating conduits at such vertical portions, and means for controlling the supply of CO2 through said gas conducting means to control the circulation of refrigerating medium.

ll. A refrigerating system comprising a container for holding a relatively large supply of liquid to be refrigerated, a container for receiving a charge of solid CO2 positioned adjacent said supply of 4.liquid and forming a part of the refrigerating system, a body of brine adapted to be positioned in heat conducting relation with the solid CO2 and also in heat conducting relation with the large supply of liquid, means for circulating said brine to effect heat transfer between said solid CO2 and body of liquid. and means for conducting evaporated C02 gases directly into said liquid. f'

12. A refrigerating system comprising a` container for holding a relatively large supply of yliquid to be refrigerated, a container for receiving a charge of solid C02 positioned adjacent s'aid supplyvof liquid and forming a part of the refrigerating system, a body of brine adapted to be positioned in `heat conducting relation with the solid CO1.` and also in heat conducting relation ,with the large supply of liquid, means for circuing a charge of s olid CO2 pnsitioned adjacent said supply of liquid and forming a part of the refrigerating system, a body of liquid adapted to be positioned in heat conducting relation with the solid CO2 and also in heat conducting relationzwith the large supply of'liquid, means for circulating said body of liquid to elect heat transfer between said solid CO2. and body of liquid, and

means forconducting evaporated C02 gases directly into the lower portion of the body of liquid.

14. A refrigerating system 'comprising a container for' holding a relatively large supply of liquid to be refrigerated, a container for receiving a charge of solid CO2 positioned adjacent saidv supply of liquid and forming a part of the refrigerating system, a body of liquid adapted to be positioned in heat conducting relation with the solid CO2 and also in heat conducting relation with the large supply of liquid, means for circulating said body of-liquid to effect heat transfer between said solid CO2 and body of liquid, means for conducting evaporated CO2 gases directly into the lower portion of the body of liquid, and means for `contr olling said positive circulation of brine. 15. A refrigeratingsystem-comprising a container for holding a relatively large supply of liquid to be refrigerated, a container for receiving acharge of solid CO2 positioned 'adjacent said supply of liquid and forming a part of the refrigerating system, a body of brine adapted to be positioned in heat .conducting relation with the' solid CO2 and also in heat conducting relation with the large supply of liquid, means for circulating said brine togeilect heat transfer between said solid CO2 and body of liquid, and means for conducting evaporated CO2 gases directly into said liquid to agitate and assist in cooling the same.

16, A refrigerating system, comprising a container for receiving a body of liquid to be cooled,

.a second container for receiving a body of solid CO2, the lower portion of said second container and body of solid CO2 being directly positioned in said bodyv of liquid when in operation, means for conducting evaporated CO2 gases from the bottom portion of said container into the body of liquid being lcooled whereby the gases will flow s downwardly in wiping the inside of the CO2 container and a portion of the body of liquid will wipe the outside of the container and 'move in the same downward direction, and relief means set to discharge to the atmosphere any surplus CO: accumulating above a predetermined pressure.

17. A refrigerating system, comprising a container for receiving a body of liquid to'be cooled, a second container for receiving a body of solid CO2, the lower portion of said second container and body of solid CO2 being directly positioned in said body of liquid when in operation, means vfor conducting evaporated CO2 gases from the bottom portion of said container .into the body of liquid beingcooled whereby the gases will flow downwardly in wiping the-inside of the CO2 container and a portion of the body of liquid will wipe thefoutside of the container and move in container up through'the bodyof liquid-,and `relief means set to discharge any surplus ACO2 :over that required to produceY maximum flow liquid through said tube. i l

18. Arrefrigerating system, comprising a main container for receiving a body of liquid to be cooledja second container for receiving a' body o! solid CO2, said second container having a portion'thereof directly positioned within said liquid, a conduit leading from a point adjacent the bottom oi' said portion positioned within the liquid for conducting evaporated CO2 gases directly into said liquid whereby the CO: gases. flowing downwardlyV will wipe one side of the container and a portion oi the liquid will wipe the other tainer dependingn from the top portion of saidV first container for receiving a body of solid' CO1, the lower portion of said second container being directly positioned in said body of liquid when in operation, means for conducting evaporated 'CO2 gases from the bottom portion of said container directly into said body of liquid, and a relief valve extending through .the top portion of said maimcontainer for discharging any ac-` cumulated vsurplus CO2 over a predetermined pressure.

v20. A refrigerating system, comprising a main container for receiving and completely enclosing a body of liquid to be cooled, a second container Bsupported and positioned by one of the Walls of the outer container for receiving a body of solid CO2, the lower portion of said second container beingdirectly positioned in Vsaid body of l liquid when in operationfmea'ns for conducting evaporated CO2 gases from the bottom portion of said container directly into said body of liquid, anda relief valve extending through an outer enclosing wall for discharging to the at mosphere any accumulated surplus G02 over a predetermined pressure.'

V21. A refrigeratng system, comprising a contaner for receiving a body of liquid to be cooled, a second container for receiving a body of solid CO2, the lower portion of said second container being directly positioned in said body of 4liquid when in operation, means for conducting evaporated CO2 gases from the bottom portion of said container into the body of liquid being cooled whereby the gases will flow downwardly in wiping the inside of the CO2 container and a portion of -the body of liquid will wipe the outside of the container and move-in the same downward direction, and relief means set to discharge to the atmosphere any surplus CO1:A accumulating above a predetermined pressure, said body ofy solid CO2 being spaced from the bottom of said C02 container.

22. A refrigeratng system, 'comprising a container for receiving a body of liquid to Ibe cooled, a second container for receiving a body of solid CO2, the lower portion of said second container being directly positioned in and to one side of the general vertical axis of said body of liquid when in operation, means for conducting evaporated CO2 gases from the bottom portion of id container into the body of liqudbeing cooled whereby the gases will flow downwardly in wiping the inside of the CO2 container and a portion of the body of liquidwill wipe the outside of Athe container and move in the same downward direction, and relief means set to discharge to the atmosphere'any surplus CO2 accumulat-