USRE18157E - blunt r - Google Patents

Description

Aug. 18, 1931. E. H. BLUNT LOCOMOTIVE FEED WATER HEATER AND PUMP Original Filed March 1.

1921 s sheets-sheet 1 v INVENTOR EdmundHB unt,

: Z I I I I Aug. 18, 1931. E. H. BLUNT LOCOMOTIVE FEED WATER HEATER AND PUMP s Sheets-Sheet 2 Original Filed March 1,

EXHAUST AUXILIARY EXHAUST \\h HOT WATE INVENTOR JmndH. Jun

. Aug. 18, 1931. E. H. BLUNT LOCOMOTIVE FEED WATER HEATER AND PUMP" s sheets-sheet :s

Original-Filed March 1, 1921 INVENTORV unt,

Reiuued Aug. 18, 1931 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EDMUND H. BLUNT, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK LOCOIO'IIVE.FEED WATER HEATER AND PUD Original No. 1,551,727, dated September 1, 1925, Serial No. 448,778, filed March 1, 1921,

' reissue filed August 23, 1926.- Serial No. 131,134. t

' The invention relates to feed water heaters and more particularly to such as may be ap lied to locomotive boilers. I

Vhile the application of a feed water heat- 3 er to locomotive boilers has not been general in any sense, its desirability in this connection is fully appreciated and it is recognized that great economy would result if a proper feed water heater could be designed forsuch muse. Of the two recognized types, namely closed'or pressure heaters and en or nonpressure heaters, the latter is by ar the preferable in view of its smaller size, absence of serious temperature and boiler pressure stresses, the elimination of scale and other impurities and a direct saving of the water of condensation. However, such an open type heater re uires in locomotive use, a cold Water pump or sprayi the condensing mu water'and in overcoming ack pressure. It

necessitates, also, the use of hot water pumping ap aratus for removing the heated water from t e heater and for the purpose of deliverin same under pressure to the boiler. M Whi e the theoretical advantage ofan installation of this character may be readily determined, the trouble heretofore has always been toproperly incorporate the principle;

Attempts have been made, experimentally,

U with heater a paratus, but the same have resulted genera ly in failure, due to one cause or another, It has been found, for example,

that, an injector cannot-be employed to operate with an open type of heater and that the substitution of a pump or pumps for the usual injector involves difiiculties; and the successful solution of the problem depends to a great extent on the pumping portion of the combination,

It will be'appreciated, also, that when the feed water heater apparatus is to be applied to the side of a locomotive boiler, which appears'to be the only practicable place to install it, that there are limits imposed in conmotion with its installation which prohibit the heater from extending much above and below, for example, the running board of the locomotive.

Due to the vertical limits imposed by cemoti've installation and the necessity of a good sized vapor or s ra-y'chamber at the upper endof heater c amber, the range of high water and lower water levels is ex.'

tremely limited and the problem of regulation of the same is of very great importance, as the lack of a reliable and efficient-regulation means a failure of the a paratus as a whole. It will be found, furt ermore, that i a predetermined ratio between the volume of injection and ejection water is v required to maintain the water level in the heater Within comparatively narrow limits; also, that.

means should be available to allow of a variation in this ratio duringdifierent seasons of 1 I the year, due to the different percentage 01 steam condensed; and that, moreover, proper facilities must be afiorded to take care of any surplus water of condensation.

Having in consideration the various limita r,

tions and requirements aforesaid, my invenlocomotive feed water heater and nrifier which not only may conveniently an prop ,70 tion has for its O l)]t a slmple'and com act erl be located on the locomotive, but is capab e of giving continuous and eflicient opera tion under the various service conditions met with.

The nature of the invention will, however,

best'be understood when described in 0011-,

nection with the accompanying drawings, in wh1ch- I Fig. 1 is a fragmentary side elevation of Similar characters of reference designate corresponding parts thruout' the several views.

Referrin to the drawings, 10 designates a locomotive oiler to which may beattached; as by suitable plates and brackets 11, the feed water heater apparatus forming the SllbJGCt matter of the present invention, 12' designates the running board of the locoelevation of the "P t motive which fixes, for example, the upwlimit' of the installation, the lower limit ing fixed by the driving wheels 13 and associated mechanism.

The apparatus itself consists essentially of a main heater, portion connected as by means flat ess! 'iwith fqr eglantple, the source of eicliaust steam from the locomotive. A secondary heat'er portion 20', may be' attached to the rear of fliemain portion of the heater vessel 20 and may extend below the bottom of said main portion sufliciently to provide a settlin chamber; 57' and allow water outlet or passage to the-pump suction may. be. installed above the settling c not to directly distyrb its c on tents; The enteringsteammay be distributed ingmy suitable manner therein to meet with water which is ina the ,cold 1 p I trod iced as thru an'mlet water supply, pipe 22, cold water being preferably sprayed into the steam to be'heated thereby and then collected in the bottom of the heater vessel. e heater is provided, with an outlet conduit 23 for the heated water, said conduit with the pumpin mechanism hereinafter described and whic mechanism,

also controls the supply of the cold or: injectedwater for condensing the steam in the ""heater; 20. 7/

Thi cond i may M and also subdivided mto. a, subcontent or valve h QPQY E BQ' mg t a ps slmp p'lfrtsofithe suchasthe P l? t. 7

of 'lstqlbfsthpough f P 1 VQW'. 4Q 9. -5; the rebermg'oi the m ea 'fg helapra stn heater is 'so'located withhreference to H water. x pasto'secumtemaximnm will??? m eaf F Y-8 W! new a was W.:e .ees ty aSlst the flow of heated waterinto or ,e J the deh.veiay of cold H1196- ltllofl water to e heater: anfi remilyal 311 the ere o en: t oy a siii g'le acting cold water pun jifllnd a? single- I ew t sr aass r mr bs se is"? is i m t at h y -le pump barrel 27 in w ich there is ar-. ang d t t a a p flinp e a m a 29:; latter is act atedfrom a m ver,

's,". s j as racnfrof 'ibame p as ushes 57,,a'nd a hot be detachable 9111 fur her file.

V for egsm 1e, that 1 flied bjt QQSWam c sue, tionvalves 31' at the hot water pump-are,

tha'ttheggreatest saheador at least the valve-seats, below the gasket or joint line of the pump barrel and the conduit 23 or 23'. Locating a plurality of these valves beneath and substantially within the downwardly projected area of the pump barrel will save considerable space that would otherwise be taken up were these valves outside of said area. The hot water pump is connected thru an outlet valve or valves 32 ,with a ipe 33 thru which is delivered the heated eedwater to the locomotive boiler. A suitable air chamber 33' may be provided in the delivery pipe 33.

In connection with the upper portion or "piston rod end of the barrel 27, a suction valve 34 for the cold inlet water is provided as well as an outlet valve 35 thru which and the pipe 22 the cold water is forced to the spray apparatus 35' and the heater 20, for the purpose of being heated by the steam su plied thereto, asis well understood. The egree of pressure under which this in'ection water is to be supplied is determined y gravity, the possib e back ressure of the main exhaust steam and the friction losses to be overcome; and, similarly, the pressure under which the hot ejection water is to be supplied is made to conform to the working boiler pressure.

The cold or injection water should approximate in quantity the hot or ejection water; and bylthe arrangement proposed, a definite ratio aving once been esta lished between same, no appreciable change in the ratio will result from variations in piston speed or length of stroke. It will be found, however that the water of condensation will nickly flood the'heater unless the amount 0' injection water is less than the hot water removed; and as such amount of water of condensation may reach 15% or more of the water to be,

fed to the boiler, the excess may be too large in amount'to be safely or conveniently handled by an ordinary type of float controHed valve, In the construction set forth, a ready means is afiorded for predeterminin and also of changing, if required, the ratio between the in ected and ejected water so that any excess due to condensation can be made so small-as to be readily removed by a combearing on the outer end of a valve stem 43 of v the outlet valve 42 to control said valvefor the removal ofthesurpluslwater, which maybe returned to or towards the source of supply or discharge as waste. Valve stem 4:3 may:

project through the valve bod 42 b an recognized methpd, asa stung y y or run 05 as box, that clearances r in tight enough to prevent any appreciable amount of cold water from escaping into the heats vessel, but free enough to allow proper play to the valve.

Q' In the specific form shown, a by-pass con I a predetermined point, the cam 43 acting on the elem 48 serves to wedge and hold the valve clued, but when the water level goes above the desired t, the cam permits the valve to open part of the cold water is bypasmd back to the suction 22' or is led to any other desired int. The pumps pulsation tends to t by-pass-valve 42 at each cold water delivery stroke, and the varying positions of the periphery of cam 43 at times restricts the amount that valve stem 43 can rim and so correspondingly restricts the valve movement. The valve can be made to return to its seal: between strokes by means of its Own weight, or by any other well known device.

To predetermine the ratio between the injccted and ejected water, the diameter of the piston rod 29 may be so selected that its excess displacement will equal that percentage of caadensed steam which experience and experiments will have shown not to be objectionable. It is understood, of course, that the stuffing boxes or glands, or both, for the piston rod will have to be accordingly altered to accommodate different sizes of pie ton rods. I prefer, however, to have the pistmi rod 29 ofmoderate diameter and to provide sleeves of various required diameters, for example, as the sleeve 45 shown, which sleeve is designed to be slipped over the piston rod, bearing against the bottom of steam piston and top of water piston, as shown, to conform to various service conditions. spending stufling boxes or glands will then be provlded such as 46, the same being adapted to the varying size of sleeve that may be needed.

The construction aforesaid is particularly simple and eflicient, two pump actions being secured within the limits and length of a si le pump barrel and effective with a sin is pis n and piston rod. This results in t e elimination of two extra stufiing boxes, an extra pump cylinder and the corresponding uired b an alternate design of pnm whic woul otherwise have added to the en h of the apparatus. Such increase in t vertical or longitudinal dimension would, in many cases, prohibit the inl stellation of a heater on locomotives where the limits are particularly close.

It will be appreciated that ordinarily during the periods of drifting of the locomotive, or iods during which the steam is substany cute! and the locomotive is not func- Cornetioning, the heater will be ineffectual to heat the feed water, in that there is subaantially no exhaust steam being supplied to the heater. I have found it desirable, in order to obviate such a condition, to provide an auxiliary source of steam supply, preferably exhaust steam, which will be automatically available as soon as the main source fails. To this end, there may be utilized, for example, live steam or the exhaust from steam operated auxiliary apparatus, as the air pump 50, the said exhaust steam normally passlng thru the exhaust pipe 51 in the usual manner to the stack (not shown). There is included, if found necessary, in said exhaust pipe a pressure regulatingvalve 52 which will serve to maintain a predetermined maximum pressure in the portion of the exhaust pipe between the valve and air pump. This pressure may be so chosen as to exceed the preswre in the heater 20 when steam from locomotive exhaust is no longer being supplied in suflicient amounts to said heater. A by-pass connection 53 is taken from the exhaust pipe 51 to the said heater between the regulating valve and auxiliary 50, and a check valve 54 interposed, so that as long as the pressure in the heater 20 exceeds that of the exhaust pipe 51 no appreciable amount of steam will flow in either direction thru the connection 53. However, when the main supply to the heater fails, the pressure of the auxiliary supply from the air pump or like apparatus will cause the valve 54 to open and steam to be furnished to the heater to continue the heating of the feed water, thus insuring continuous operation during the various service conditions prevalent in locomotive operation. This renders the operation automatic and prevents large amounts of cold water entering the boiler during periods of drifting; and the attention of the engineer is not then diverted to shutting down the feed water pump. Furthermore, the auxiliary apparatus is not exhausting at other times into the heater, a practice which is objectionable because of the excessive back pressure on auxiliaries that would be established thereby.

It is preferred, also, to include a check valve 55 in the main exhaust supply pipe 21 to insure the exhaust from the auxiliary apparatus entering the heater, when required and prevent possible reverse flow thru the pipev 21.

To divert scale and impurities, a plate or balfie 56 protects the pump inlet 23., the flow of ejected water following the general directions of arrow, Fig. 4. By means of a vertical bafie 57, the suction is taken from the lowest part of the apparatus, thereby preventing floating material and accidental oil from entering the heated water supply ne 1. In a locomotive open type feed water 1.; heater vessel to be condensed by and mingled with the water therein, the volumetric displacement of the uppzll; cold water and of the piston, bein less the volumetric disa lacement the lower hot water and of the piston by an amount determined by the cross-sectional areaof the piston rod, a com duit for auxiliary steam supply to said heater vessel, and means for maintaining a pressure in said conduit suificient to automatically admit steam to saidheater vessel from the auxiliary steam supply conduit when the normal supply of steam to said-heater vessel fails a locomotive open type feed water heater, a heater vessel, a pump c linder, a

single piston reciprocating insai cylinder for forcing a certain volume of cold water intosaid heater vessel at each upward stroke a of the pidion and withdrawing a certain but larger volume of hot water from said vessel into the bottom of said cylinder at the same time, means for conducting steam to said heater vessel to be condensed by and mingled with the water therein, the volumetric displacement of the upper cold water endof the piston being less than thevolumetric displaeement o the lower hot water end of the piston b an amount determined by the crossq area of the piston rod, a-cold water by-pass connected between. the upper cold water and of the cylinder and the heater vessel,.,a valve in said by-pass adapted to be opened by the pressure of water in said byis new; d wP a chmges water level in said heater vessel or limi [dent of said valve. 7

3. An open type feedwater heater commoveprising a heating vessel, means for normally admittingesteam thereto, a pump cylinder and piston, one end of said cylinder being to'a cold water supp y and to said W. 'for drawing cold water into said cylwhen the piston mo'vesflin one direction an fore mg'the cold water into said vessel when the piston moves in the opposite direction, an auxiliary conduit for automatically admitting steam to said vessel, a connection in said auxiliary conduit suflicient to admit.

steam to said heater vessel automatically from the auxiliary steam conduit when the normal supply of steam fails.

4. An open type feed water heater comhot water outlet from said vessel, a single pump cylinder and piston for forcing cold water into said vessel when the piston moves in one direction and drawing hot water from said vessel when the iston moves in the same direction, a conduit or auxiliary steam supply to said heater vessel, means for maintainmg a pressure in said conduit sufiicient to automatically admit steam to said heater vessel fromthe auxiliary steam supply when the normal supply of steam fails, a cold water by-pass connected between said pump cylinder and said heater vessel, a valve in above the normal water level in the vessel,

pumping means for-forcing the same volume of cold water through said spray head into said vesselat each alternate stroke and withdrawing at the same time a greater volume of hot water from said vessel, the volume of hot water pumped from said'heater vessel being the same at each pumping stroke for a 'ven length of stroke, and means controlle by the pressure of exhaust steam in said vessel ior admitting an auxiliary supply of exhaust steam tosaid vessel when the steam pressure in said-vessel falls below a predetermined value.

6. Ina locomotive feedwater heater, a heater vessel, a pump for forcing cold water into'said vessel and for withdrawing hot water therefrom, means for conducting' 'ex hauststeam from the locomotive cylinders to said heater vessel fo'rheating the water,

therein, means for conducting anauxiliary supply of steam to said vessel in case of failure of the supply of exhaust steam from the cylinders, and a regulating valve in said auxiliary steam conducting means for main- 2 prising a heater vessel, means for admitting steam thereto during normal operations, a

taining a pressure therein insuflicient for causing; a steam flow therein during normal. flow of exhaust steam from the cylinders but suflicient to cause a flow into said vessel in between said vessel and one end of said cylinder for d'raw'mg hot water into said cylinder when-cold water is being forced into'said vessel, an outlet from; said linder for discharginghot'water cylinder when 388 of failure o the normal flow of ex cold'vnter'is beingdrawn in at the opposite haust steam from the cylinders, and means U end, and means for maintaining a we:-

1 1 exhaustmgrtha aunllary sup-.

ply independently of said locomotive cylmder exhaust. h 7. In a locomotiveffeegwater heater, t:

eater vessel, a um or orcin co wa r into said vessel and for with awing hot water therefrom, means for conducting exhaust steam from the locomotive cylinders to said heater vessel for heating the water therein, means for conducting an auxiliary supply of steam to said Vessel in case of failure of the supply of exhaust steam from cylinders, a regulating valve in said auxdzeam conducting means for permittlng a pressure therein suflicient to cause a flow of auxiliary steam into said vessel in case of failure of the normal steam supply from the cylinders, and means for normally exhaustm the auxiliary supply indepzndently 0 said locomotive cylinder exust.

8. In a locomotive feedwater heater, an open type heater vessel, pump means for forcing cold water into said vessel and for withdrawing a greater volume of hot water therefrom, means for normally conducting exhaust steam to the heater vessel for heating the water therein, means for conducting an auxiliary supply of steam to said vessel in case of failure of the normal supply of exhaust steam, a check valve on one of said steam conducting means opening toward said vessel for preventing a flow of steam from one of said conducting means to the other, means for normally permitting the exhaust of said auxiliary supply independently of the normal exhaust steam supply, and means for maintaining a pressure of auxiliary steam su ply suflicient to open said check valve on a ecrease of the normal supply of exhaust steam on a predetermined minimum.

9. In a feedwater heater, a heater vessel, means for conducting steam to said vessel, means for introducing cold water into said vessel, a constant water level valve, adapted to be opened by the pressure of water, a float in said vessel, and means actuated by said float and acting on said valve for holding the latter closed when the water level in said vessel is below a predetermined point,

said means permitting said valve to be opened by the pressure of water to a limited amount proportionately to the rise of water level in the heater vessel above a predetermined point.

10. In a feedwater heater, a heater vessel, pumping means for forcing cold water into said vessel and drawing hot water from said vessel, means for conducting steam to said vessel, a by-pass for cold water from said umping means, a poppet type valve in said y-pass adapted to be operated by the pressure of cold water from said pumping means, and a float operated means controlled by changes of the water level in said vessel for preventing the movement of said valve when the water level is below a'certain heightbut permitting said valve to be opened by the water pressure when the water level'rises above apredetermined height in said vessel.

11. In a feedwater heater, a heater vessel; means for introducing steam into said vessel, pum means for introducing cold water into sai vessel and withdrawing hot water therefrom, a conduit connecting said heater vessel with the hot water pumping unit, said conduit including an inlet valve casing removably secured to said hot water pumping unit, and a hot water inlet valve in said casing and positioned below the lower end of said pumping unit.

12. In a locomotive open t pe feedwater heater, a heater vessel, means or conducting steam to said heater vessel, a single pump cylinder and single piston therein for forcing cold Water into said-vessel and withdrawing hot Water therefrom, a piston rod for actuating said piston and located in the cold water end of said cylinder, a sleeve surrounding said rod and passing to the outside of said cylinder for reducing the Volumetric displacement of the cold water end of said pump.

13. In a locomotive fee'dwater heater, a heater vessel, pump means for forcing cold water into said vessel and for withdrawing hot water therefrom, means for normally conducting exhaust steam to the heater vessel for heating the water therein, means for conducting anauxiliar supply of steam to said vessel in case of ailure of the normal supply of exhaust steam, a check valve in each of said steam conducting means and o n toward said vessels for preventing a ow fi steam from one of said conducting means to the other, and means for normally permitting the escape of the auxiliary supply of steam independently of the normal supply of exhaust steam, and means for maintami pressure in the auxiliary supply of steam s cient to open the check valve 1n said auxiliary supply1 of steam when'the normal supplyof steam 14. In a locomotive feedwater heater, a heater vessel, ump means for forcing cold water into said vessel and for, Withdrawing hot Water therefrom, means for normally conducting exhaust steam to the heater vessel for heating the water therein, means for conducting an auxiliary suppl of steam to said vessel in case of failure 0 the normal supply of exhaust steam, a check valve in said auxiliary steam supply means and opening toward said vessel, and a regulating valve in said auxiliary steam supply means for maintaining a pressure of steam therein, and means for normally disposing of the auxiliary supply of steam independently of the main supply of exhaust steam.

15. In a locomotive feedwater heater, a heater vessel, pump means for forcing cold water into said vessel and for withdrawing *hobwater therefrom,mesns for normally conducting exhaust steam to the heater vessel for heating the water therein, means for con- Eduethg an auxiliaay supply of steam to'said a? @Wl'fif case'of fa ureof the normal supply 'ho fiiaintaininga steam pressure therein, and for normal preventing the auxiliary V supply of steam" m interfering with the sup 1 of'exhaust steam;

" 16." In a ocomotive open-type feed water heater, a heater vessel, a pum cylinder, a reiprocating piston therein or forcing the volume of cold water into said vessel at each pimping-stroke and withdrawing 'hot '."-whfirj,theref mm; the volume of hot water mcndiawn'fwm said vessel at each suction I being'snbstantially the same, means forconductln 'steamto said heater vessel to e with t e water therein the volumetric (lisp acement of the cold water pumping means being less than the volumetric displacement of the hot water pumping means so'as to'allow at least for a part of the con- "densa'te, means for augmenting the supply of steam to said vessel in case of substantial deof the normal supply of steam, and

for maintaining a substantially constant water level in said heater vessel.

flocomotive open type feed water heater comprising a heater vessel, a pump nou cylinder, a *singlelpistonreciprocating 1n said cylinder forfeiting a certain amount of cold *water into said heater vessel at each upward stroke of the and withdrawing a cer- "tain vo of hot water from said intoithebottom of said cylinder at each upward *stroke of the piston, means for confiuo'tin'g eihaust steam to'said' heater vessel to be condensed by and mingle with the water "thereinythe volumetric displacement of the hppercohi water are "or the piston being less than the volumetric displacement of the low- ;erliot waterehd of the piston'by' an amount determined by the cross-sectional area of the isms rod," a'cold water return conduit havits 'inlete'nd between the cold 3mm endjofsaid cylinder and the point of diQcha'rg'eto-said heater vessel, and a valve jot-controlling the pof water through said conduit, said valve ing raised by the 'pamp ulsation.

18. 1 an open feed water heater, a heater "ve'esel 'served by a' hot water'and a cold water-pum" contained. in a-single cylinder a detestable hot watercond'uit between the iflloheater and the amid the pump that does zioficonta'in the piston rod, said conduit be' ca able of separation into two parts "deta ab 5: secured to'one another, one of the detachable parts-containing the hot water Narcotics valves. i

' main body and an auxiliary tending tension of the auxiliary body being adapted 19'. In a feed water heater,'a heater vessel, a hot water and cold water pump combined in 'a single cylinder which supplies cold water to the heater vessel and withdraws hot wa,

ter from said vessel, said pump havi a her of hot water suction valves located di-,

rectly beneath the pump piston and a re- "movable bonnet carrying said hot water suction valves.

20. In a feed water heater, a heater vessel divided into two principal arts, namelypa dy with a major opening communicating with the auxiliary bod in the tear, the auxiliary body ex-.

below the main body,said lower exto communicate with the hot water suction of an adjacent feedpump. V e

-21. In a. feedwater heater, a heating vessel, means for introducing steam into'said' vessel, means forintroducing cold water into said vessel, a by-pass with an inlet connected to the cold water introducing means, a valve in said by-pass adapted at times to be operated by pressure in said introducing means, and a water level float controlled means for variably restricting the opening of' said by-pass valve.

22'. In a feed Water heater, a heater vessel, steam supply means. a conduit for supplying auxiliary steam to the vessel, and means for maintaining a pressure in said conduit sufiicient to automatically cause auxiliary steam to be admitted to saidvessel from said con-. duit when the normal steam supply to the vessel fails, and an independent auxiliary exhaust open at other times to the atmosphere or stack.

23. In a feedwaterheater, a heater vessel with steam introducing means, also means for supplying water to saidvessel, and means for removing water from said vessel, water level operated means,and an excess water by-pass controlled by a one way vertically movable valve, said valve being governed in its action by said 'waterle'vel operated means.

24. In a feed'water heater, a heating vessel with means forconducting steam thereto, a

pump cylinder with a single piston reciproeating therein' for delivering a quantity of water to said vessel during one pumping stroke and withdrawing a larger quantity of water from the vessel during the same stroke,

an excess water conduit having its inlet end l located at a point between thepump end that 9

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